23/11/2017 Outside Source


23/11/2017

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This is BBC News.

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five-star holding centre for rich

Saudis, part of a massive corruption

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investigation into its third week.

The ambitious Crown Prince risks

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creating enemies and uncertainty

which could endanger the stability

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and the reforms that his kingdom so

badly needs.

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The international search for

Argentina's missing submarine

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continues. An explosion was detected

on the day it went missing.

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Myanmar signs a deal with Bangladesh

to re-patriate Rohingya Muslims but

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will the refugees feel it is safe to

go home? And we look at a study of

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the skies that shows artificial

light is growing brighter and more

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extensive every year.

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Welcome to Outsideside Source. We

begin in Saudi Arabia. A story we

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have coffered previously previously,

the anti-corruption purge which

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began almost three weeks ago. The

crackdown initiated by the Crown

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Prince bin Salman. Seen by most

Saudis as the country's leader in

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waiting. The supporters say that the

purge is overdue, critics say he is

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boosting his power, both could be

true. More than 200 people have been

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arrested and while the names have

not been released, they are believed

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to include 11 prisons, including two

nephews of the Crown Prince. They

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are detained in Riyadh in the five

star Ritz Carledon Hotel. Where

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wealthy business people and visiting

dignitaries stay. It is very grand

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there. Donald Trump was there in

May. Lots of visiting dignitaries go

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there. Lots of top business

executives. So you can imagine the

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speculation as to what is going on

inside The Ritz Calton. For the

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first time we can take you there.

The BBC's Lyse Doucet has given this

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exclusive report.

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We drive in under police escort,

just past midnight.

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No-one enters here without

official permission.

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The world's most talked about hotel.

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Riyadh most palatial, most

prestigious, now a gilded prison.

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I'm taken in by Saudi officials

and told, don't film faces or record

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conversations.

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Here in the early hours

of the morning, there are

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still people in the lobby drinking

coffee as you find in any of five

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in any of the five

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star hotels in the capital.

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Most of the people now

forced to stay here

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are keeping to themselves.

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They are trying to limit

any further damage

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to their reputation.

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They're mobile phones have

been taken away from

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them.

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But there is a hotline

that is available to them.

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They can call lawyers,

family members, even leading

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members of the companies that they

are still trying to keep running.

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The world's most pampered prisoners

have every comfort, other than

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freedom, the state is

picking up this bill.

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As far as detention centres

go, this one is beyond

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compare.

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Luxury swimming pools, restaurants,

a gym, everything is

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glittering.

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There's even a bowling alley.

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But most prisoners just

stay in their rooms.

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I'm taken to meet one suspect,

he doesn't give me his name.

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He says he spends time

with his lawyer, focussing

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on his case, I'm told not

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to ask about it.

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But I get a briefing.

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Senior officials conducting

the crackdown say it is

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not a formal investigation, yet,

calling it a friendly process but it

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is clearly fraught.

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We are told when people

were brought here at midnight

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on November 4th, they were angry.

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Some thought this was a show

and would not last.

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When they realised that they

were here to stay, they

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were furious.

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Almost everyone here, 95%,

I was told, are willing to make

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a deal, to give back

what are said to be

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substantial sums of money

in

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order to get out of here.

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The Crown Prince, 32

years old, is taking on

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fellow princes, senior ministers,

and some of the biggest

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billionaires, tackling corruption

and concentrating power.

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Weeks on, many are asking

questions about why

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this purge happened here and now.

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Outside of this gilded prison,

it certainly has gone down well.

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Many Saudis welcome

an end to the rampant

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corruption in the kingdom.

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But there are risks too,

the ambitious Crown

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Prince risks creating

enemies and uncertainty

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which could endanger

the

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stability and the reforms

that his kingdom so badly needs.

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The Crown Prince hopes everyone

is checking out by the end the year.

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The longer the ordeal

drags on, the more

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questions will be asked here

and abroad about what is going on

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inside.

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Lyse Doucet, BBC News,

at the Ritz Carlton, Riyadh.

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I've been talking to loose deuce

the, about the crackdown in Saudi

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Arabia. I asked her how much money

the Government thinks could be

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involved.

Nobody knows for sure. What we were

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told, is that there were 201 people

inside The Ritz Carlton hotels,

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there may be other hotels too where

people are kept. That 1,000 bank

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accounts had been seized. It is the

sons, daughters, the mothers and the

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wives of people inside that guildle

prison. There was a figure of $800

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billion in assets. I put that to

someone but they didn't want to

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confirm it. They said if they get

there 200 billion back, after they

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said is evidence of the accused,

that would be good enough.

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We have seen the gilded hotels but

we don't know of the conditions that

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some of the detainees could be held

in. It could be harsh?

There are

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reports of people being mistreated

and falling ill. We asked about the

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mistreatment. We said that there was

someone from the human rights and

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that there were no complaints. But

people are old, these are people

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under huge stress. They are used to

calling the shots. Now the only

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power that they have is to call room

service or the hotline as the mobile

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phones have been taken away from

them. They are being kept against

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their will in this luxury hotel.

And it is a long time now?

It's

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weeks. They are still trying to run

their businesses. They don't know

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what is going to happen to them.

Most were told that they would come

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to deals, buying their way to

freedom. And of course we have not

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heard from them or their lawyers. So

the Saudi officials are talking

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about Saudi laws, that may be the

case but still it does raise

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questions and concerns.

You say that 95% of them held could

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come to a deal. The 5% holding out,

how could they be treated?

1% have

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left. 7% said that they didn't take

files and that the money was given

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to somebody else. And 4% are saying

that they are not guilty, that they

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are taking it to trial. But a

corruption official said that they

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think that they will come to a deal.

Nobody will want a high-profile

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trial, nobody will want any

attention, more so than they have

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now.

A complex and fascinating story. Now

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I know another story I know that

many of you are interested in, the

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missing Argentine submarine. It is

now eight days since the San Juan

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disappeared with 44 crew on board.

Let's tell you what we know. The

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subwas returning from a routine

mission to Ushuaia, that is near the

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southern tip of South America. This

is where it surfaced to report an

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electrical breakdown. Then ordered

to return to come here to the Naval

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Base at Mar del plata. The last

contact was made at 7.30pm on the

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#159 of November. The Navy have said

that they detected an abnormal sound

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there consistent with an explosion

around the last time the submarine

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sent its last signal.

TRANSLATION: We received information

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that it was an abnormal, singular,

short, violent and nonnuclear event.

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Consistent with an explosion.

Shortly after the announcement, the

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body that monitors the explosions,

the Vienna based antinuclear

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watchdog, said it too detected the

sound. As we suspect, the relatives

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of the crew have reacted angrily to

the news.

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I feel cheated. They say it is 3000m

below the sea, so they don't tell us

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anything. They are swines. They with

wicked and they knew about this and

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they didn't tell us. They are

wicked.

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43 of the crew are men, one woman.

This 35-year-old female officer is

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the first in Argentina to serve in a

submarine. The ships and rescue

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mission from the UK, France, Germany

and the US are involved in the

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search. The weather has rough. It

was feared that oxygen supplies

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would reach critical levels on day

seven, we have not got to day eight.

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Our reporter is in Buenos Aires, she

has been giving more reaction from

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the members family members of the

crew.

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There are other family members, we

have heard, they recognise that the

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Navy were in a difficult position

and that they also gave as much

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information that they knew. So there

is general frustration. There was

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false hope. With news coming out,

many times filtered by the press,

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talking about at one point about

seven calls that could have been

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coming from the submarine. They

spoke about noises... That was

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discarded. So a lot of false hope.

So it is natural that now they are

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talking about a noise consistent

with an explosion, family members

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have, many of them, they have lost

hope.

We are talking about day

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eight. Do you have the sense that is

across Argentina people are counting

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and losing hope?

I would say that is

the case until yesterday. The main

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concern was the ex-gone yesterday.

Since this morning, and even since

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last night they spoke about

hydroacoustic anomaly, this noise

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and today the second report

confirmed from Austria, talking

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about an anomaly consistent with an

explosion, I think a lot of people

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have lost hope. Now a lot of the

effort is finding where the

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submarine is. But there is a general

sense that the possibility of

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finding these crew alive is very,

very slim.

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And we got that update from Veronica

Smigg.

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Myanmar and Bangladesh signed an

agreement that could help Rohingya

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refugees to go home.

Aung Sang Suu Kyi is shaking hands

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here to sign a deal. Many of the

refugees are at Cox's Bazar. It's

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100,000, a lot of people to

re-patriate. This is drone footage,

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showing how far the make shift

refugee camp spreads out.

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The army says that the August

crackdown were for attacks by

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Rohingya militants. There has been

mounting international pressure on

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Myanmar. As we told you, the crisis

is being termed ethnic cleansing by

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the UN and the US. This is an

important point for us from the

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Burma correspondent for the BBC: And

we have another angle from Akbar,

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who is in the Bangladeshi capital,

Dhaka.

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This is crucial. Originally Myanmar

was reluctant to sign this kind of

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deal. After signing the deal, the

Bangladeshi Foreign Minister told us

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that the repatriation process is to

start after two months. But mainly

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the Bangladeshi are sceptical about

the deal. They think that Myanmar

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signed the deal just to minimise

international pressure on them. And

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they believe that this is on the

part of Myanmar to decrease pressure

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as the deal, it says something about

when the process starts but did not

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mention about when it will end. It

is open. There is no time frame.

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There was no a deal in 1992, and

then Myanmar did not comply.

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Many Rohingyas have left and come to

Bangladesh and Myanmar was unwilling

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to take them back.

Bangladesh would like to see the

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repatriation as early as possible.

But as far as we understand and

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history is concerned it will take a

long time to complete the

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repatriation process, even if it

happens at all.

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Still to come: Lighting up the

night. Why scientists say that

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lighting is having a serious impact

on our environment and our health.

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The European Commission has said

that the UK can no longer host the

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European Capital of Culture in 2023

because of Brexit. It says it is

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only opened to countries in or

applying to be in the European

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Union, the European free trade area

or the European Economic Area. Rosie

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Millard was to be one of the judges

at that event.

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It just seems like the EU are

throwing toys out of a rather large

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European shaped pram, frankly.

Saying, well if you don't want to be

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part of us you can't have one of our

lovely play things. Which is the

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Capital of Culture. These things are

game changers for a city. They

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completely change the outcomes for

people living in the cities and the

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cities themselves. When Glasgow was

capital tal of culture -- Capital of

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Culture it changed the way that the

city looked, it brought in millions

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from tourists and investment. It was

remarkable. Liverpool was the same

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and the cities want this prize.

You're watching Outsideside Source,

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live from the BBC Newsroom. The lead

story: The Argentine Navy say it is

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believes there was an explosion in

the South Atlantic at the time that

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one of its submarines went missing.

Now here is a developing story for

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you after weeks of stand-off. The

police in Papua New Guinea started

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to move refugees and asylum seekers

out of a closed detention centre on

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Manis Island. 40 people from the

former Australian-run centre have

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been be relocated but still 300

others remain. Let's have a look at

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the pictures. Here are people inside

the camp. Men protesting there.

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Refusing to leave. They feel that

they will not be safe if they leave.

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So that's the situation for the men

there. Also, I think we can show you

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pictures from inside the camp. It's

a pretty squalid situation. There

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are reports that the police attacks

the men and destroyed their

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possessions in the raids. And this

is what is happening in Sydney.

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Protesters: Bring them here. Taking

a stand against the Manis Island

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refugees.

The Australian government said it

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had no involvement in the operation.

In mid-2013 Australia struck a deal

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with PN G20 hold thousands of the

asylum seekers on the island who had

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been attempting to reach the island

by boat. They were forced to shut

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down the centre when a PNG court

ruled it unconstitutional. Here,

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Malcolm Turnbull is talking about

the position.

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I think that they think that they

can pressure us to let them to come

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to Australia. I want to be clear.

Our border security, the integrity

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of our borders is maintained by my

government. It is maintained by my

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government and we will not outsource

our migration policy to people

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smugglers.

It looks like the pressure is to

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keep coming. A tweet from the

Australian Refugee Council here,

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saying: People are still very scared

there. It says the men are calling

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and e-mailing, the men responsible

for providing them to safety, Peter

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Turnbull.

And more from Wendy Carlisle... And

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this is somebody inside the camp.

Behrouz Boochani, he is a refugee

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and reporter.

He is saying that the police beat up

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some of the refugees and forced them

to the new prison camp. He has met

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some who are injured. And the bigger

picture from John Donison, he was

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there when the controversial policy

was brought. In

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In Australia, there are broad by

partisan support at least among the

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politicians force the policy.

Malcolm Turnbull, Amber Rudd, that

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say it has worked. That they were

doing this to stop people smugglers

0:19:520:19:59

targeting Australia and thousands of

people, hundreds of people were

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dying at sea trying to reach

Australia -- Kevin Rudd.

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And at the same time it has been bad

for Australia's reputation in terms

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of human rights.

Now to OS business.

A couple of stories for you. The

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Zimbabwe stock market has taken a

tumble, following the political

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upheaval and a big figure. $6

billion has been wiped off the value

0:20:280:20:33

of shares. The main index slumping

by 40%. Now this could be because in

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Zimbabwe, the stock market was seen

as pretty much the only safe haven.

0:20:390:20:44

The collapse in share price shows

that investors are more broadly

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optimistic now about the future.

We have immediate concerns with

0:20:490:20:55

currency, certainliy about the

currency we are to use. We have

0:20:550:20:59

concerns about spending. Are we

going to cull the Services in order

0:20:590:21:08

to be in line. At the moment our

expenditure in government is over

0:21:080:21:13

90% of what we receive. We have a

current account deficit of $.17

0:21:130:21:19

billion. Are we able to get debt,

inflows, from the diaspora, or

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inflows to cover that. The stock

market was a safe haven. People

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repivoted to assets and in this

case, people are repivoting towards

0:21:350:21:39

cash. Looking to redeploy the

capital into productive industries

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such as mining, agriculture and

tourism.

0:21:440:21:48

And Brazil, one of the world's

bickest markets for ride sharing

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apps like Uber. Those targeting

women only are taking off fast.

0:21:530:22:07

art fish light in our world is

growing each year. A study of

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satellite images found an increase

of 2%, over four years. A clear

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example is in India. If we show you,

this is 2012, this is 2016, clearly

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a lot more light there. We spotted

quite a strong example in Egypt,

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along the River Nile, by night, in

fact, the river is still clearly

0:23:520:23:57

visible because of the light along

itself banks. Victoria Gill has

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more.

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As the sun goes down

on towns and cities,

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the lights go on.

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And those lights are getting

brighter all the time.

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These images, gathered by a sensor

on a NASA satellite show that more

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and more of our planet

is now artificially lit.

0:24:150:24:23

I remember when I was a Grand

student, seeing the pictures of

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Earth at night, and being astounded

by how beautiful they were. But this

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is a change to the bio sphere and it

costs a huge amount of money. So it

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is a real problem.

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So it is a real problem.

0:24:380:24:40

In developing nations, including

India, the increase was dramatic.

0:24:400:24:42

From this in 2012 to this in 2016.

0:24:420:24:44

The researchers expected that most

developed nations would actually

0:24:440:24:47

darken as they changed the type

of street lighting they use

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from older orange glaring lamps

to more energy-efficient LED bulbs.

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But that hasn't happened.

0:24:520:24:57

Urban bright spots in the UK

and other nations in Europe continue

0:24:570:25:00

to glow even more intensely as towns

and cities increased

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their outdoor lighting.

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That orangey glow in the sky

above the city is all too familiar

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to so many of us.

0:25:090:25:12

It stops many of us from seeing

a natural night sky.

0:25:120:25:15

It also has an impact on our health.

0:25:150:25:18

Night-time light can

interrupt our sleep patterns.

0:25:180:25:20

In the environment, it can disrupt

cues that nocturnal animals

0:25:200:25:23

like bats rely on.

0:25:230:25:33

It has even been found to shift some

fundamental seasonal clockwork,

0:25:330:25:36

influencing the timing of plant

flowering and bird migration.

0:25:360:25:38

Scientists say that images

like these are evidence

0:25:380:25:41

we are losing our

natural night-time.

0:25:410:25:51

More to come. Do stay with us here

on Outsideside Source.

0:25:560:26:08

More to come. Do stay with us here

on Outsideside Source.

0:26:090:26:10

A short time ago, there were six

flood warnings on rivers over

0:26:100:26:15

north-west England. It has been a

drier day for those areas affected

0:26:150:26:19

by the rain. We have had some

sunshine but there is water on the

0:26:190:26:25

roads and the fields. Showers at the

moment but not so many in Cumbria

0:26:250:26:30

and Lancashire. More in the north

and the west of Scotland and for

0:26:300:26:33

Northern Ireland. Rain in the south

coming in across southern England,

0:26:330:26:38

working eastwards. Affecting South

Wales. Keeping the temperatures up

0:26:380:26:42

here, in the north getting colder

with clearer skies. A up to of frost

0:26:420:26:46

in rural areas. There could be icy

roads around where we keep the

0:26:460:26:50

showers going into the morning. So

northern Scotland, Western Scotland

0:26:500:26:54

and snow in those and across the

north of Northern Ireland. The

0:26:540:26:59

showers wandering off the Irish Sea

to the north-west of England but

0:26:590:27:03

many parts of England and Wales,

tomorrow starting dry and bright.

0:27:030:27:07

Cloud in the south and the

south-east one or two mist and fog

0:27:070:27:12

patches after the overnight rain

clears.

0:27:120:27:16

Still the showers wandering through

the Channels that could push inland

0:27:160:27:20

but few showers for England and

Wales. Showers in the west of

0:27:200:27:23

Scotland and the north of Northern

Ireland, as you can see, a fair bit

0:27:230:27:27

of sunshine outside of the showers.

It will feel cold. Not so much

0:27:270:27:31

because it is going to be windy,

that is light but it is cold air, so

0:27:310:27:37

the temperatures lower than today it

will be cold this weekend. The wind

0:27:370:27:41

is picking up again. There is frost

overnight with spells of sunshine

0:27:410:27:46

around and wintry showers. The

showers likely over the north and

0:27:460:27:51

the west of the UK, so south and

east dry and sunny but the winds

0:27:510:27:58

freshening all the while so feeling

cold. These are the temperatures

0:27:580:28:03

again: Four Celsius in Glasgow,

seven Celsius in London. It stays

0:28:030:28:08

cold overnight. We have the area of

high pressure killing off the

0:28:080:28:12

showers. At the same time a weather

system from the Atlantic, impacting

0:28:120:28:23

in the north of the UK. Not so many

showers on Sunday. Most in the east

0:28:230:28:26

this time.

0:28:260:29:36

This is outside source. The

Ritz-Carlton in Riyadh

0:30:160:30:25

This is outside source. The

Ritz-Carlton in Riyadh is now a

0:30:250:30:26

5-star holding centre for

0:30:260:30:27

This is outside source. The

Ritz-Carlton in Riyadh is now a

0:30:270:30:27

5-star holding centre for Princes.

Be hundreds and thousands refugees

0:30:270:30:35

repatriated back to Myanmar feel it

is safe to get home.

0:30:350:30:41

Welcome back. The

0:30:550:31:08

plight of Rohingya Muslims is

ongoing.

0:31:110:31:26

A mass of humanity has made its home

here, a city made up

0:31:260:31:29

entirely of people who fled.

0:31:300:31:31

They arrive with stories

of being shot at and raped

0:31:310:31:33

and their children being killed.

0:31:330:31:34

Would they, could they

return to Myanmar?

0:31:340:31:38

TRANSLATION:

We won't go back.

0:31:380:31:41

We were brutally tortured.

0:31:410:31:46

Young men were put in prison

and houses were set on fire.

0:31:460:31:56

Rashida and her husband lost

a son when they escaped.

0:32:030:32:05

Here, at his grave,

Rashida breaks down.

0:32:050:32:07

We saw her with her

son two months ago.

0:32:070:32:09

The 15-year-old had

trodden on a landmine laid

0:32:090:32:11

in Myanmar at the border

where they cross to Bangladesh.

0:32:110:32:16

Two days after these pictures

were filmed, he died.

0:32:160:32:21

Then, she told us, she could not

bear even to say the word Myanmar.

0:32:210:32:24

Here, in the cramped shelter

she shares with her husband and six

0:32:240:32:27

other family members,

Rashida says she will not return.

0:32:270:32:34

TRANSLATION:

Our hearts

were broken in Myanmar.

0:32:340:32:36

What does pain mean?

0:32:360:32:44

I had two sons injured in Myanmar.

0:32:440:32:46

Will we get peace there?

0:32:460:32:47

If everybody goes back, we will.

0:32:470:32:48

But our hearts don't

tell us to go back.

0:32:480:32:51

They don't, they don't.

0:32:510:32:55

But according to the agreement

between Bangladesh and Myanmar,

0:32:550:33:05

some of these people could start

to return in just two months' time.

0:33:050:33:08

Yet there are no details of how

their safety will be guaranteed,

0:33:080:33:12

nor of any international monitoring,

making observers cautious.

0:33:120:33:14

One thing is for sure,

for refugees to be able

0:33:140:33:16

to exercise their fundamental right

to return home, the conditions that

0:33:160:33:19

made them flee in the first place

need to be meaningfully addressed.

0:33:190:33:26

Refugees need to be able to decide

voluntarily to return in a safe

0:33:260:33:29

and dignified manner.

0:33:290:33:30

Bangladesh has been under

immense strain with this

0:33:300:33:32

huge influx of refugees,

so it is understandably keen to find

0:33:320:33:34

a deal for their return.

0:33:340:33:38

Myanmar's motives are less clear,

but the country will be under

0:33:380:33:45

the spotlight next week with a visit

from the Pope.

0:33:450:33:47

Without cast-iron guarantees

for the Rohingyas' safety,

0:33:470:33:50

many will have serious doubts

about today's announcement.

0:33:500:33:52

Reeta Chakrabarti, BBC News,

Cox's Bazaar in Bangladesh.

0:33:520:33:59

In a new era for Zimbabwe begins on

Friday.

0:33:590:34:11

Emmerson Mnangagwa,

who is due to be sworn

0:34:110:34:13

in as Zimbabwe's president tomorrow,

has warned people not to engage

0:34:130:34:15

in acts of vengeful retribution.

0:34:160:34:17

In a statement,

he said he was working

0:34:170:34:19

on transitional arrangements.

0:34:190:34:20

Zimbabwe's main industrial index has

slumped by forty percent since last

0:34:200:34:22

week's military intervention.

0:34:220:34:23

He is expected to be present at

being chilly the inauguration of the

0:34:230:34:30

man succeeding him. He has also been

granted immunity from prosecution

0:34:300:34:35

from South Africa.

0:34:350:34:37

We will get the rationale behind the

decision to include Mr Mugabe in

0:34:510:34:58

Friday's ceremony.

In African

culture, elders, regardless of the

0:34:580:35:02

circumstance, are held in high

regard. Take the analogy can that

0:35:020:35:08

with Robert Mugabe, who he has been.

He helped to bring independence to

0:35:080:35:13

Zimbabwe in 1980. That still has a

resonance. You have mixed emotions

0:35:130:35:18

about what should happen. At the top

of people's mind, this is a

0:35:180:35:25

93-year-old statesman, in the end,

what can you do to 93-year-old man?

0:35:250:35:32

After the inauguration, many people

in Zimbabwe expects prospects to

0:35:320:35:35

improve. The new president says

there will be more jobs.

People

0:35:350:35:41

expect a fresh start. From this

point of view, it is going to

0:35:410:35:47

correct all the runs we have been

done.

We have jobs, our children to

0:35:470:35:55

have jobs. A very big problem for

our country.

I am expecting

0:35:550:36:03

promising things that are going to

happen. Employment. Unity.

0:36:030:36:10

Everything. I don't know the

arrangement. We wait for tomorrow

0:36:100:36:13

and the inauguration.

The

International monetary fund warned

0:36:130:36:18

in Zimbabwe's economic situation

remains difficult. The chairman of

0:36:180:36:23

the country's small and medium

enterprise Association says the new

0:36:230:36:28

president has to get the ground

running to start the process of

0:36:280:36:31

turning Zimbabwe's economic fortunes

around.

A lot of expectations. We

0:36:310:36:37

have had problems in the past. They

have gone on result. Cash shortages,

0:36:370:36:43

shortages of foreign currency. Also

the general business environment has

0:36:430:36:48

been very unfriendly. Things like

police harassment, authorities.

0:36:480:36:52

Corruption. The tax regime is not

very friendly. Violation of property

0:36:520:37:00

rights. So on and so forth. A long

list. Labour not very friendly. A

0:37:000:37:09

lot of things I would say people are

expecting to get this dailly-macro

0:37:090:37:13

fixed now Mugabe has gone. So

0:37:130:37:23

There's some good news

for coffee drinkers.

0:37:230:37:24

A review published in

the British Medical Journal suggests

0:37:240:37:26

drinking three or four cups a day

may lower the risk of liver disease,

0:37:260:37:30

some cancers and the likelihood

of developing heart problems.

0:37:300:37:32

However, public health experts say

there is still uncertainty

0:37:320:37:34

about the impact of drinking

more than that.

0:37:340:37:36

Sima Kotecha reports

from Birmingham.

0:37:360:37:43

this

0:37:430:37:43

An espresso, a cappuccino

or just instant.

0:37:430:37:45

More than 50 million cups of coffee

are drunk every day here in the UK

0:37:450:37:49

and today there's another

debate about whether it's

0:37:490:37:50

good or bad for you.

0:37:500:37:51

It's after a review has suggested

drinking moderate amounts of coffee

0:37:510:37:54

is more likely to benefit health

than cause it harm.

0:37:540:37:57

I think I enjoy the smell of it

mostly, which makes me sort of feel

0:37:570:38:00

- especially when you're

in a country like

0:38:000:38:02

Italy or something,

0:38:020:38:03

waking up in the morning smelling

coffee, it just makes me,

0:38:030:38:06

I don't know, I really love it.

0:38:060:38:16

I think it's probably

a placebo effect.

0:38:200:38:22

You feel sort of energised

by having drunk it.

0:38:220:38:24

It gives me a bit of a kick

is the main thing and,

0:38:240:38:27

from different blends,

you can slightly taste

0:38:270:38:29

different things.

0:38:290:38:30

Sometimes they're chocolatey,

sometimes they're fruity.

0:38:300:38:32

The University of Southampton went

through 200 studies looking at how

0:38:320:38:34

coffee affects the body

and concluded three or four cups

0:38:340:38:37

of it a day could lead to a lower

risk of developing health problems.

0:38:370:38:40

However, it also said too much of it

while pregnant can be dangerous.

0:38:400:38:43

In some cases, a small amount

of coffee can cause anxiety,

0:38:430:38:46

and there are studies that suggest

children, adolescents

0:38:460:38:48

and the elderly are particularly

vulnerable to the adverse

0:38:480:38:50

effects of caffeine.

0:38:500:38:51

It gives me kind of...

0:38:510:38:52

It brings my anxiety

levels up a bit.

0:38:520:38:54

My gears are always grinding

and I think sometimes I can

0:38:540:38:57

have a caffeine overload,

so I try to stay away from it

0:38:570:38:59

as much as when I was younger

when I worked in construction.

0:38:590:39:02

I was drinking it, you know,

nonstop all the time.

0:39:020:39:05

Critics say the finding of this

particular review could be skewed

0:39:050:39:07

because those evaluated may have

been healthy before

0:39:070:39:09

starting to drink coffee.

0:39:090:39:15

I tend to ignore this kind of advice

because from one day to the next it

0:39:150:39:19

tends to differ, so I wouldn't be

surprised if in a week or two we got

0:39:190:39:23

some other report saying that coffee

is bad for you after all.

0:39:230:39:26

But I guess everything

in moderation.

0:39:260:39:27

Researchers are now calling

for rigorous clinical trials

0:39:270:39:29

to explore the drink's effects.

0:39:290:39:30

And a last bit of advice

from them - opt for milk

0:39:300:39:33

with your coffee rather than cream.

0:39:330:39:34

Sima Kotecha, BBC News, Birmingham.

0:39:340:39:44

you can get much more detail on all

the top stories on our website.

Keep

0:39:500:39:55

up to date with the latest news on

the missing Argentine submarine.

0:39:550:40:00

International air and sea hunt

continuing in the South Atlantic for

0:40:000:40:02

the submarine on the coast of

Patagonia. Our lead story, the

0:40:020:40:18

International air and sea hunt

continues in the South Atlantic for

0:40:180:40:20

the missing submarine. The Argentine

navy says they believed there was an

0:40:200:40:26

explosion in the South Atlantic at

the time it went missing. Some of

0:40:260:40:30

our other stories from around the

BBC. In Guinea, two teenagers died

0:40:300:40:36

in separate clashes between police

and student protest is in the

0:40:360:40:39

capital. Students are angry about

the teachers strike which closed

0:40:390:40:43

public for days. They won the

teachers to get the pay increase

0:40:430:40:49

they were promised so everyone can

get back to school. A Finnish bakery

0:40:490:40:53

has introduced the world's first

insect -based bread. In addition to

0:40:530:40:59

flour, water and yeast, there are 70

five on the ground house crickets in

0:40:590:41:05

every low. -- every low.

0:41:050:41:13

Outrage after video showed African

slaves being sold for as little as

0:41:130:41:20

$400 in Libya. Rwanda has stepped

into how is 400 people. Ivory Coast

0:41:200:41:30

in Cameroon have been repatriating

some citizens who made the journey

0:41:300:41:33

to Libya.

0:41:330:41:43

The Sahara desert may seem lifeless,

but thousands but is the source of a

0:41:430:41:49

new life. Many are heading to Libya

to go to Europe. But the reality is

0:41:490:41:54

many are in worse conditions than

those left behind. Human traffickers

0:41:540:41:58

sell people for work. And as sex

slaves. The chances of reaching

0:41:580:42:02

Europe are increasingly slim. The

continent is losing its patients

0:42:020:42:07

with migrants arriving at its

shores. Libya is now being helped to

0:42:070:42:12

block leaving the country. Some are

choosing to go back home instead.

0:42:120:42:22

Around 50 Ivorian 's and Cameroon

National 's have been repatriated.

0:42:220:42:31

There are tales of slavery, rape and

beatings in Libya. As soon as you

0:42:310:42:40

arrive in Libya, the first thing

happening, you are taken away

0:42:400:42:42

unsold.

Our black brothers from West

Africa, wherever you are from. Mali,

0:42:420:42:50

Senegal, any other nationality from

the West. You are sold for what, for

0:42:500:42:55

about 1000 dinars.

TRANSLATION: When

I was going to Libya, when fruit

0:42:550:43:05

Mali, Algeria, I arrived in Libya. I

can tell you, Libya is hell. I don't

0:43:050:43:10

encourage anyone from the Ivory

Coast to go to this place. It is

0:43:100:43:14

hell. We have lost brothers and

sisters. I advise everyone not to go

0:43:140:43:18

there.

Nearly 200,000 African

migrants pass through Libya last

0:43:180:43:26

year. Mostly from Nigeria, Ivory

Coast, and the Gambia in west

0:43:260:43:31

Africa. Eritrea and Somalia in East

Africa. The government of Rwanda

0:43:310:43:39

says it is willing to take in 30,000

migrants stranded in Libya. It says

0:43:390:43:45

its own history of genocide means it

cannot stay silent. Rwanda is a

0:43:450:43:50

small country. Thousands more will

remain trapped in Libya. These

0:43:500:43:56

people may have escaped the horrors

they experienced in Libya. Thousands

0:43:560:44:00

more will still make the trip. No

amount of government backed

0:44:000:44:04

repatriations will change that.

TRANSLATION: The Ivorian government

0:44:040:44:10

condemns is out of date practices

taking place in Libya. It is about

0:44:100:44:15

black trade to call it by its name.

It is important the Libyan

0:44:150:44:19

authorities take their

responsibility.

On a visit to Paris

0:44:190:44:22

to meet the French president,

Emmanuel Macron or the chair of the

0:44:220:44:27

African union commission said more

needs to be done.

TRANSLATION: We

0:44:270:44:31

must do something about the crisis

in Libya. The situation in Libya is

0:44:310:44:35

unacceptable. Things need to change,

not just a threat to the Libyan

0:44:350:44:40

people. The whole continent.

Footage

of the slave markets has caused an

0:44:400:44:46

outcry across Africa. The United

Nations says the auction should be

0:44:460:44:52

investigated as possible crimes

against humanity. It is the annual

0:44:520:44:56

African and European Union summit

here next week. This issue will be

0:44:560:45:00

what everyone wants to talk about.

0:45:000:45:10

On any of our story is even talk to

me and the rest the team at Twitter.

0:45:100:45:15

Thank you very much for being with

0:45:150:45:19

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