11/06/2016 Reporters - Short Edition

We send out correspondents to bring you the best stories

from across the globe and in this week's programme: Changing

David Beckham visits Swaziland, the country with the highest rate

of HIV infection, and tells them, you need to wear a condom.

Educating children, young boys, that could be your sister,

At the height of the fighting, we join Iraqi helicopter pilots

and troops waging war against the so-called Islamic State.

Taking Falluja, it has been 24 hours a day, and each day

Fusion of the species, Fergus Walsh investigates how

scientists are using animals to grow human organs.

This sow is pregnant with embryos which contain human cells.

I will be reporting about why scientists think it could be

the answer to the world's organ donor shortage.

It has been called the epicentre of the global HIV crisis.

The kingdom of Swaziland in southern Africa has the highest rate of HIV

The situation is being made worse by a drought across the region,

putting pressure on resources and affecting many

vulnerable children, many born with the disease.

The former England football captain David Beckham has set

up his own charitable fund, in conjunction with Unicef.

We joined him on a trip to Swaziland where he met mothers and children

An unreal suspension from the daily grind.

superstar and now almost full-time charity worker.

The children at this team support group give him a raucous welcome.

All are HIV-positive, the virus passed down

from the mother to child, all face a lifetime on drugs.

Those drugs are freely available, but Swaziland remains known

Beckham said the challenge is to get young boys to understand,

they must protect the girls they sleep with from this sexually

Educating children, young boys, that that could be your sister,

The protection that you need to prevent contracting HIV and Aids,

For many, the stigma of having HIV remains.

We cannot show the face of this girl, she has HIV,

as does almost every member of the family.

She told me, there are some people she feels hurt by when she told them

she was HIV-positive, they started telling everybody,

including some teachers, and that was upsetting.

For children in Swaziland living with HIV, there is now

The crops have failed, it means people are going hungry.

If children are going hungry, it means they don't

want to take their drugs and if they don't do that,

they are more likely to develop full-blown Aids.

There is hope for the brand-new generation.

HIV-positive women are taking the right medication in pregnancy

and transmission rates to their babies have

David Beckham is harnessing the power of celebrity to a cause

The world's response is less certain.

Reeta Chakrabarti, BBC News, Swaziland. The battle for Falluja

has been long and hard. There has been fierce resistance. Iraqi forces

have been bombing the city from the air as well as fighting on the

ground. Our reporter was given exclusive access to Iraqi helicopter

pilots as they flew their combat missions over Falluja.

The battle for Falluja is under way. This is what the war looks like from

above. We are over a village

north of Falluja. The pilot have been told

more than 20 IS fighters For these pilots, the fight

to retain Falluja has been a 24 hour a day,

full-time job, and each day Around 50,000 civilians

are trapped down there. There are believed to be up to 3000

IS fighters in the city. Accused of killing civilians

and using them as human shields. For some, like Mohammed,

this battle is personal. He is from Falluja and his family

was trapped in the city. He was told the IS fighters had

taken over his own home. TRANSLATION: They had seen

pictures of me in uniform. They said I was an infidel

and they would kill me. I dropped a bomb that

destroyed my house. The pilots are also helping

evacuate the injured. And the hardest fighting

is yet to come. Now to a big medical breakthrough

that could change the lives of everyone on the planet.

American scientists have used a process known as gene

editing to try to grow human organs inside pigs.

The pioneering technique involves injecting human stem

Some experts believe the technique provides the answer to the global

Fergus Walsh reports, but it also raises serious ethical issues.

You are watching two species being mixed.

Human stem cells being injected into a one-day-old pig embryo.

You can see them travelling down the tube.

This biologist in California is trying to grow a human pancreas

Our hope is that this pig embryo will develop normally

and the pancreas will be made up almost exclusively of human cells.

So then, that pancreas could be compatible with a patient

The technique is known as gene editing.

It uses molecular scissors to delete the DNA instructions in the pig

The human cells will hopefully fill the void and grow human

The same technique might enable other organs to be

The BBC's Panorama was allowed to film the sows which were pregnant

If human stem cells were taken from a patient, the transplant

organs could be tissue matched, reducing the risk of rejection.

This research raises profound ethical concerns,

crucially, just how human are the piglets

It is such a sensitive area that the embryos will not be

It must be removed for tissue analysis after 28 days gestation,

when they are about a centimetre long.

Crucially, they will check whether the pig's developing brain

Another pioneer in this field told me this question

Whatever organ we try to make, we will look at what is happening

in the brain, and if we find that it is too humanlike, we

Organisations campaigning to for an end to factory

farming are dismayed by the thought of organ farms.

I am nervous about opening up a new source of animal suffering.

Let's first get more people to donate organs.

If there is still a shortage, we can consider using pigs,

but on the basis that we eat less meat, so there is no increase

in the number of pigs being used for human purposes.

7000 people in the UK are on the transplant waiting list

and hundreds die each year before a donor can be found,

but patient trials involving gene editing pig organs

That's all for reporters from this week. Goodbye for now.

Hello there, all sorts going on this weekend. Pleasantly warm for some in

the sunshine but for others and absolute deluge. We've had flash

flooding on Saturday and potentially there again on Sunday for some

places to see