20/05/2012 Reporters


20/05/2012

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prosecutor disagreed. Those are the headlines. Now it is

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Humphrey Hawksley reports from Eastern Congo where illegally mined

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precious metals could be funding a rebel militias. Canada's black gold,

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a 21st century oil bonanza. And four years after the Olympic Games

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in Beijing, David Bond asks what difference the game is made to

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China. Hello and welcome to this edition

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of Reporters. Mining companies are being challenged to end the trade

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in what are known as conflict minerals. Critics say such trade

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helps fuel bloodshed in central Africa. A system of traceability

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needs to be implemented. They were students rights violations have

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been in the Democratic Republic of Congo. -- the worst human rights

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violations. The children off now more highly are mining for gold.

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They are hoping to trap fragments in the water. -- the children of

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Nyam Mahali. The community sees this as the only way to earn money.

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This man is 48 and has four children. He has word here all his

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night. We need money to support her family. The work here is very tough.

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What else can we do? Now even this is under threat because the gold

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from here is a conflict mineral. Its profits have been used to fund

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wars that have killed millions. Fausten has found some of the

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precious metal. It is gold, he says. And there are now moves to ban all

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mining like this. America has passed a law that deters companies

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from using it. The laws that are preventing foreign companies from

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buying gold are putting people into trouble. 1,000's gold is now in

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this old film container. To comply with the new rules, its exact

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origins would have to be tapped. From here, Gold begins its journey

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around the world. It underwrites the wealth of Nations and is a

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symbol for prosperity and success. Very little of that is reflected in

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this village. The people of at the bottom of the supply chain. Most

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gold is smuggled out of Congo to neighbouring countries. The roads

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are appalling. The borders are food. -- fluid. One of the black market

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destinations is Uganda. Even a legitimate dealer is not sure where

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his gold supply East origin made. We are not finding any problems

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with the gold. Even in Congo and Tanzania. It can come from

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anywhere? Years. You don't know when it comes from? Yes. It is not

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only jewellery. As you can see, this is gold. Gold is vital for

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gadgets. It is a resilient conductor of electricity. Laptops,

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phones, wireless internet equipment, a possible link with killing and

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exploitation that goes right into our homes. It is chaos. That is why

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everybody who is human should say "no, we're going to put an end to

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this". We can make this business more human. In Congo, soldiers keep

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a fragile peace. The Government says it wants to clear up the gold

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business so that profits do not fund violence. It comes at a price.

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The Nyam Mahali mind is part of the reputation. The miners fear or this

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will cost them part of their livelihood. Much of the world is

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facing economic slowdown and recession. Parts of Canada are

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enjoying a boom. That boom is fuelled by the mining of oil. The

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country has the third largest reserves globally and those are

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being exploited on a vast scale. Environmentalists say the

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development is happening too fast. Katty Kay went to the province of

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Alberta, where many of those reserves live. The breathtaking

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beauty of the Rocky Mountains. There is something wholesome,

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pristine, quintessentially pure about this country's image. This is

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the Canada that you might not think of. Dirty, industrial, focused on

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proper. Welcome to the world's newest petro-state and the changing

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country. Canadians have oil, lots of it. It is buried here in the

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windy Sanz of northern Alberta. -- sands. People are using more and

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more fuel. The Canadians are developing these sands at

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breathtaking speed. Digging out the sand and taking out the oil is

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complicated. It used to be too expensive. New technology has

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brought the cost of production down. Profits are up. This lucrative mins

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Date brings investors in from all around the world. -- Women state.

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Mitchell that a Manon is a long way from home. She came here from the

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Philippines. -- Mucharata Minong. This tiny woman drives a monster

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truck in the minds. -- mines. home every year. I can go anywhere

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I want. I can buy anything I need. I am supporting my family and my

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relatives. It has changed my life, compared to what I made as a nanny.

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The oil has created a modern-day gold rush. The local town of Fort

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McMurray has doubled in size in the last decade. You can almost see the

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horses and saloons through the dust. For people like Ann Dort-Mclean,

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the speed of development has alarming environmental consequences.

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You have to worry about the wildlife and the Footprint we are

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leaving on the land and how that is affecting the caribou or the docks

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of the migratory birds. It is also the greenhouse gas emissions. --

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ducks. The sustainability of the environment. Some of these concerns

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are addressed in a new form of extraction that does not distort

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the landscape as much. These mines are less ugly. They need be more

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harmful, emitting even more greenhouse gases. -- they might be.

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We need to take steps to minimise the environmental footprints. Or

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what the last few years, we have tried to decrease the steam to oil

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ratio. Emissions are dropping. Environmentalists worry that

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leaving this to the goodwill of oil companies is a risky strategy.

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Canada has a bad record on the issue of climate change. No

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policies have been put into place, particularly around oil and gas.

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consumers were conflicted, we want our oil cheap, plentiful and clean.

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Unfortunately, those demands are not compatible.

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Taking prescription pills is for some people in America just a way

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of life. For every conceivable ailment, there is a drug that

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promises a quick fix. Pain relief is big business. Many people asked

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doctors for dropped without understanding their addictive

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nature. Once hooked, some people turn to backstreet dealers or crime

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to feed their habit. Laura Rich Elassar reflects on all he

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lost through his addiction to prescription painkillers. His

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marriage ended and his business collapsed as his craving for the

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pills increased. In the morning I needed 10 percocet Chesterfield

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normal. Affected but have them, I would not be able to get up. As his

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addiction spiralled, he spent $1,500 a week buying bills from

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dealers. The rock bottom part of my life was when I found myself one

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morning at realising that I had no money, no-one would lend me the

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money. It burnt all those pictures. I needed to get those pills. What

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could lead to? I heard how is it was to rob a bank and I did it.

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many Americans are addicted to prescription painkillers. But

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communities like this one are feeling the effect. Addicts are

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desperate to feed their habit. They have started to rub pharmacies.

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the advice of the Drug Enforcement Agency, I no longer carry these

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drugs have high abuse. Howard Levine's pharmacy was robbed twice

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at gunpoint by an addict. He says the fundamental problem is doctors

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prescribing too many painkillers. think the epidemic is clear. People

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are being over prescribed, over medicated. We as a country in the

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US have the highest uses of oxycodone, hydrocodone in the

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entire world. I would like to know when we became the most painful

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nation in the entire world? We have become a Society of Wusses.

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medicine cabinets throughout America, and used painkillers

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create a ready supply of pills waiting to be stolen or sold.

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was prescribed a quantity of 60 and there is probably around 50 left in

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the bottle. This police man sees the consequences of over

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prescription. It is a nationwide problem but has become an epidemic

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in suburbia. More people are becoming addicted to these pain

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medicines. The doctor says it stops your cravings. Richard is weaning

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himself of his addiction, taking medication to stop his withdrawal

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symptoms. He is rebuilding his life there. -- his life.

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To speed up met a's ball back from Afghanistan, the new army has been

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handed responsibility for procuring the equipment it needs. But a

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decision by the Afghans to scrap an American contract for making boots

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has thrown the whole process into confusion.

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Afghan boots on the ground. Searching for Taliban roadside

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bombs. As NATO pulls back, the Afghan army is taking over the lead.

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It's a huge challenge. Western forces had handed over the business

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of the quipping thousands of new recruits. Everything from belts to

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Boots. At the factory there was making the boots, this -- there is

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confusion. The Afghan Defence Ministry has cancelled the contract

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the Americans gave them. We were given a chance through the US

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government and we made it. We showed them that Afghanistan can

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make quality products. What you think this says? That the contract

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has been taken away? You can see what is happening. Only 38 workers

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are left out of 150. This is how the factory looked months ago when

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there were making hundreds of pairs a day. This is how it looks today.

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A ghost factory. This is the sign - - arguably a sign of the Afghan

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government standing on its own feet. But Afghanistan has few large

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factories like this. With few other jobs around, some workers might

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even joined the Taliban. Without work Borrie job, we will be going

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there. -- they will be going there. Maybe they will be going with the

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Taliban. They are denying reports they are planning to import cheaper

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bid from China. TRANSLATION: Is two different companies provide the

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same piece of equipment, we will do the contract to the Afghan company,

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even if the quality is slightly lower. In the factory is keeping

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things ticking over for now, but as NATO pulls its boots out of

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Afghanistan, there are uncertain times ahead.

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Thousands of workers across Europe are enjoying a new craze which is

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turning lunchtime in to a short but energetic party atmosphere. They

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are gathering in dance halls for a quick turn across the floor which

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the organisers claim that makes workers more productive in the

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afternoon. Promptly at noon, the disco ball

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attracts ravers for an hour of bopping. Welcome to Lunch Beat.

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is becoming a dancing revolution. When you have been working a lot,

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it is good to take a break. When you come here ad get to dance with

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other people, it gives you energy. When you come back to work, you are

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more creative and happier. This dance craze has taken off in Sweden.

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There are events up in or around the country. It is likely to make

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inroads into the rest of Europe. Sessions are happening in Serbia,

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Germany, and Britain. This session featured an internet took up with

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Stockholm with the concept of not- for-profit parties began. No

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alcohol was served and everyone is sober. The Deputy Mayor is an

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advocate of Lunch Beat after seeing improved productivity. Of course I

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would recommend as for other employers. I see that they're happy

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when they come back. They seemed more relaxed. It is quite good for

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them. The Deputy Mayor gauges the reaction of one of his staff.

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was really fun. It is the first time I have been but it was good.

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It gives you energy for the rest of your day. Everyone is happily

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dancing in there. Pour it was such approval, the organisers hope to

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expand the dense network to countries as diverse as the US and

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India. Just over two months until London

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host the Olympic Games. Four years ago it was put -- Beijing's time.

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The games helped put the spotlight on China but there have been far

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fewer signs of any legacy from those games on issues like human

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rights. A sporting legacy from a different

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age. Tai chi has been practised in China for centuries. Long before

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the modern Olympics were born. A time when this vast country was

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less worried about its place in the world. The Beijing Games was

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supposed to mark a turning point in history. A carefully choreographed

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display designed to announce modern China's arrival on the global stage.

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The former gymnast Li Ning was but -- asked to provide a thrilling

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climax to the opening ceremony. I asked him why the games were so

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These days, the Bird's Nest Stadium is more prized for its architecture

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than its sporting credentials. It hosts concerts and occasional

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exhibition matches but is mostly a tourist attraction. A shrine to

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Beijing's moment in the spotlight. Inside the Water Cube, these

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children are among the privileged few learning to swim in one of the

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Olympic pools. The aquatic Centre has been more successful but it is

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still eerily decked out with 2008 branding. Away from the iconic

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Vinnies, there is clear evidence of China's legacy failure. Like other

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stadiums, the beach volleyball Reena is barely used and has seen

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better days. -- arena. The Bird's Nest was designed as a lasting

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symbol of China's emergence as a global superpower. But China also

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promised the Games would transform the lives of ordinary people. Four

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years on, there are serious doubts as to whether anything has changed.

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Some would argue that on human rights, China has gone backwards.

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The artist and designer of the Bird's Nest Ai Weiwei is one of the

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Communist government's most vocal critics. The Beijing Olympics will

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be remembered as the city most quickly been forgotten. If you ask

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people about the Olympics, people can't really say anything bad about

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it. Officials here will tell you a Chinese people are still deeply

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proud of the way Beijing used the Games to send a powerful message to

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the world. London will not be able to match that but will be

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