23/09/2012 Reporters

President Bashar al-Assad. It is time for Reporters.

Three months of fighting and plaintive human rights abuses from

roadsides. -- from both sides. The strong man of the North

Caucasus. An ageing population. Can the new

generation of leaders in China, but a solution? -- come up with a

solution. Both sides in the Syrian conflict

stand accused of a sharp rise in human rights abuses. The UN says

the number of violations by the regime is so great that it is

impossible to investigate every case. The organisation Human Rights

Watch has accused rebel forces of using torture and execution. The

fighting has now lasted three months in Aleppo.

The regime has tried everything else, but it can't afford to lose

Syria's biggest city. So airstrikes go on all day. In those parts of

the City Hall by the Rebels, civilians are paying the price. A

jet's can and spits bile. Planes return to trade began and began.

The pilots make slow, almost leisurely turned. They know the

Rebels have almost nothing. Nothing to shoot them down. Everybody is

nervous. That is a plane making a low pass over us. They have had

many weeks of this now. Civil war best describes what is happening in

Syria. An air strike in his neighbourhood a few minutes ago. A

woman flees barefoot from her home. A family is dead. He calls Syria's

President a pig. And an enemy of good. There are no emergency

services to speak up. Neighbours come out to do what they can. Then,

some good news. Three little girls are pulled alive from the wreckage

of the building. It is incredible they survived this. Ten people died

here. A three-year-old boy was buried inside. Two girls were

killed, playing in the street. "God is Great" rises from the crowd.

Then more planes come in. This is one of the goals we saw rescued. --

the girls. Three family members and thank you friends were killed and

the attack. Her father is still too afraid of the regime to show his

face, but he criticises the Rebels. They put an anti-aircraft gun on

the next building. He asked the commander to move it. The bomb

seems to have gone through the building, exploding in the family

house across the road. People accuse the regime of bombing

recklessly or deliberately killing civilians. The Rebels say they have

no choice but to fight. TRANSLATION: Why is the whole world

watching and do nothing? We bury people in gardens. Why is the world

protecting Bashar al-Assad? Western governments do not want to step

into Syria. As Aleppo and teas, the turmoil in the rest of the Middle

East makes the conflict here uneven. For the time being, Syria's rebels

know that on the ground, they are on their own.

The leader of church Mayor has been in power for a decade, and his

critics say that he has ruled this part of the caucuses with an iron

grip. He has been accused of responsibility for the deaths of a

number of his opponents in Dubai, Istanbul and Vienna. Our Moscow

Correspondent has been to church near to meet him and put those

accusations to him. -- Chechnya. Chechnya has never had a king, but

this man comes close. He runs the Republic like a personal fiefdom.

He was a church and rebel who switched sides. The Kremlin has

relied on his army to quell an Islamist insurgency. It has been

counting on him to rebuild church near. This was the capital after

two wars. The UN described it as the most destroyed city on earth.

But under him, it has risen again with the help of billions of

dollars of aid for Moscow.New roads, beauty salons, skyscrapers. A new

football stadium. Guess who is honorary president of the local

teen? He has been in power for nearly a decade. His supporters say

that in that time, he has transformed this republic from a

battleground into one of the most stable parts of the North Caucasus.

But at what price? Human rights groups accuse him of persecuting

critics. British court papers have revealed that MI5 considers him

responsible for the deaths of political opponents. TRANSLATION:

They say he is a bandit. If there is an incident in Europe, they say

he is behind it. If a chicken is not laying eggs, it is my fault.

They are prepared to do anything to blacken my name. They are claimed

to have prepared hit lists of your opponent. -- opponents.

TRANSLATION: The person who makes his claim is schizophrenic. Eyes

were too are that that idea would never come to my mind. There is

concern or sore about religion. He is promoting what he calls

traditional Islam. Today, there is no alcohol in shops and a stricter

dress code. This woman says she was threatened for not wearing a

headscarf. TRANSLATION: Today, clerics are going into schools and

telling six-year-old boys to control the sisters. They tell them

that if their sisters will not wear headscarves, their boys -- the boys

will be punished by God. This Chechnya is the strangest mix. It

is still Russia, but feels like it is drifting further and further

from Moscow. China's Communist Party is

preparing to install a new the country for the next decade.

Among the most difficult challenge as they will face is coping with

one of the fastest ageing populations in the world. The

number of people over 60 in China will double in the next 20 years,

and then double again. The shift is likely to slow down China's

economic growth. This report comes from central China which has one of

the largest populations of the elderly people in the country.

This man's story is China's story. He has lived through hardship. His

parents died of starvation. He is now 79. Life expectancy here now

rivals the West. It is one of China's impressive advances -

except China has not yet built a comprehensive system of pensions

and old age care. So he and his wife and fend for themselves. Their

children have all gone far away, looking for work. TRANSLATION: I

never thought about what would happen when I'm old. I don't know

when or -- where my kids are. I guess I will die and no-one will

know. It is a lonely fate many here will now face. In two decades,

there will be more retired people in China than the entire population

of western Europe. This is where China's Yeung have come. To the

factories. The economic growth is drying up. As the number of

Alderley is rising, China's birthrate has collapsed because of

its One Child Policy. Where there are six workers to pay for every

pensioner today, it will soon be just two. TRANSLATION: The burden

will be heavier. Our parents are going to get old. We will have to

support them and pay for our children's education. China's

economic rise has seemed unstoppable. That may be about to

change. This looming population crisis, a shrinking workforce, and

a soaring number of elderly may be what ways China's growth down.

China has prospered while its workers have been young. This man

set up China's biggest online travel agency at the age of 30. It

is now worth billions. And all the work force will make China far less

competitive. In 30 years from now, China will enter a more developed

stage. If you don't have enough entrepreneurs, and of young,

innovative firms, he will have trouble competing. This is what

awaits China. A feature visible now in a hospice in Beijing. This man

is 72. He has Parkinson's disease. This man is 60 and has lung cancer.

The offices of an ageing population. This man is 62 and has bowel cancer.

TRANSLATION: At night, you realise the guy in the next bed is dying.

There was one night when I was the only person alive in here. I'm used

to it now. How to make China a caring nation? This will be among

the greatest challenges faced by its next communist leaders set to

The Spanish prime minister has been meeting the Catalan president amid

new calls for independence for the region. Catalonia has the highest

regional debt in Spain and has almost run out of money. Many blame

the prices on the government in Madrid.

They want Catalonia to be a country. Not a part of Spain. Catalan

nationalism is already potent. But it has been energised by the

country and region's economic crisis. The government has almost

run out of money. The Catalan government needs ask for extra

money to pay the salaries. Even the most vulnerable are affected.

Elderly patients at this care home have still much received their

payment from July to cover their care. This woman is 90.

TRANSLATION: Why are these politicians not helping me as they

promised? Most of the money used to care for these people comes from

the Catalan government. Many Catalans blame their funding

shortage on Spain. They argued that Catalonia pays 15 billion euros

more in tax every year to the Spanish government. There is no

doubt the economic crisis has galvanised support, not only for a

renegotiation for the terms of Catalonia's deal with the central

government, but also the idea that Catalonia should be independent.

The crisis has caused economic problems and people have realised

the only way out of this is independence. Despite a record

turnout, independence is a long way from becoming a reality. Economics

are changing the politics of this region.

Deadly clashes in Kenya have raised fears that the next election in

March could again be violent. Politicians tried to exploit tribal

rivalries. One minister has been sacked from the Cabinet, accused of

inciting conflict. More than 100 people from one region have been

killed in the last month. The killers came in the early

morning. Several hundred men, armed with spears, machetes and arrows.

They set fire to the huts and then killed them. Men, women, children.

This was a massacre. The stench is pretty strong here. The carcasses

of livestock litter the place. Looking at the scale of the

destruction here, it looks like this was something more than a

spontaneous outburst of anger. One might wonder whether this was

something will well planned. This goal is eight years old. She is

still too traumatised to speak. Those who survived and are able to

speak told us of organised brutality and terror. TRANSLATION:

The attackers were divided into three groups. One would destroy the

houses, others would attack the injured and if others would just

kill. This is a conflict over access to land and water. Farmers

are making a living growing cash crops. On the other a semi nomadic

cattle drovers. In the past, disputes were mostly resolved

peacefully. But now they are aren't. The spears are for their own

protection, they say. They are also the trustee for revenge. Religious

leaders and politicians are preaching peace. But land is a

valuable commodity. Many are convinced that behind the violence

lies politics. If you have political power or you have

everything. The politicians will do a lot of power, authority and

influence. That is the reason driving this. The key government

has belatedly sent in paramilitary reinforcements. But as the scramble

for support intensifies, these killings may mark the start of

another bloody Kenyan election. Last Wednesday, in a devastating

night an attack on a US consulate in the Libyan city of Benghazi, the

American ambassador, Chris Stevens, and free of his staff were killed.

An ultra-conservative Muslim group has denied any involvement in that

and other attacks against Western targets. But the group said it

rejected what it sees as the imposition of democracy in Libya.

Libyans celebrate macho stay as perhaps only they know best. --

Martyrs Day. There are reminders every day of the sacrifice is these

people made to win their freedom. But there are some here who still

refuse to lay down their weapons. Radical Islamist groups say the

fight for Libya is not over. Ominously, they completely reject a

Western solution. TRANSLATION: We do not believe in the democratic

system. Even those countries that pretend they are ruled by democracy.

We want to tell the entire world that democracy is not for us. It

does not suit Islam. This scrutinised allegations it was

responsible for the death of the American ambassador. It supports

the right of Muslims to protest against blasphemy. It sympathises

with other organisations, including Al-Qaeda. The authorities say they

have identified and arrested 50 people in connection with the

attack. They will not say who they are. Many of the perpetrators may

have already left Libya. Much of this is just for show. Libya's new

authorities have been criticised for failing to get on top of the

security situation. We believe that public opinion are pickings these

people. Then there is the impact of all of this instability on

Benghazi's ambitions to rebuild. This town was abandoned by China's

builders and investors. Many people will be hesitant to come back to

Benghazi. This is a problem for Libya. It seems that we are

shooting herself in the foot. majority of Libyans clearly support

the democratic project. This city has an overwhelmingly positive