23/12/2012 Reporters

popular vote. Those are the latest headlines. It

Looking back over 2012. Our neo- Nazis back on the march in Germany?

Mara's 100,000 outcasts. The their Buddhist neighbours.

And Brazil starts building for the 2016 Olympics. Could the

preparations destroy the country's African heritage.

Welcome to this special edition of Reporters, which is looking back at

some of the stories we covered in 2012. We start in Germany, where

this year the authorities were hunting year Nazi fugitives. This

followed revelations that three members of a far-right group had

apparently carried out a series of racially motivated murderers over a

decade. A parliamentary inquiry was launched as launched asemanded to know

the true extent of Germany's extremist problem.

This was the scene in Dresden last month. The familiar face of the

far-right. Aggressive looking and then calling for a Germany for the

Germans. -- young men. German intelligence services say that the

cliches or out of date. Take the immortals. Anti- globalisation,

Day one of the impending extinction of the German people. They have

created spontaneous demonstrations across the country. These groups

tend not to call themselves not see or near not see. Rather, the Free

forces. They are harnessing social media. They are using modern means

and reasons for protest. The security services here in Germany

really are out of their depth. Martin is a former neo-Nazi leader.

He asked us to hide his identity. TRANSLATION: The leadership is

always trying to attract members of the so-called upper classes.

Students can can one day act as wearers are doctors. You never

support the far-right. They do not make their affiliation and in

public. But they are part of the movement. More so now than ever

before. The nationalists want a new order in German. They are

establishing what they call national li national liones. Like this

estate outs estate outssome clashes and even beatings and

killings of people. Before start what they call the political enemy.

Left wing, Democrats, whatever. This village in north Germany has

been pretty much taken over. In this centre is this mural. Claiming

the village is free, social and rational. Following recent

revelations of right-wing hate crimes and murders, Germany's

government government s taking action. There have been indications of

right-wing extremism. They were not taken seriously enough. It is very

high on the political agenda. a minority movement. But they are a

force that need to be dealt with. The question is how.

In the north-west of Burma, violence flared up this year

between Buddhists and Muslims. The civil strife has overshadowed the

political reform process currently underway. Tens of thousands of

people were displaced, the majority some time with the Muslims in the

state. It took jus It took jusours for fire

to consume the village. 1,000 Mohan James Holmes lived here and were

driven out by their Buddhist neighbours. -- Rohingya Muslims. It

really is hard to imagine when you walk through here that only a few

weeks ago this was a vibrant living

living here, fishing. In a day of hatred they were driven out. Their

presence has been erased. Some Buddhist villagers looked on. The

Muslims say they were attacked here. He repeated the story that you

would hear in many villages. The Muslims were not in their own homes.

Political change has allowed old hatreds to flare. The Buddhists

have suffered as well. But most victims are Muslim. Across the bay,

we found more than 100,000 refugees. Sheltering in a cowshed. With no

medical aid and latrines, they succumbed easy to sickness these

the traumatised. This woman saw her ate mentally ill man has been we

must cut down with machetes. An elderly mother being burnt alive.

This 78 to hold his alone. -- 78- year-old. I cannot find my children.

I do not know where they are gone, she told me. The state has deployed

police to restore order, but still discriminates against the Muslims.

Denying most citizenship. They have lived here for generations, but are

stigmatised as illegal migrants. A more has Aung San Suu Kyi

championed their cause. They are largely friendless. Monks have led

calls to exclude them. TRANSLATION: They should move to another country.

They are not Burmese. For the generations have been to see a

democratic Burma, Buddhist and Muslim, the politics of fear and a

threaten the promise of freedom. -- can now threaten.

This year saw the 50th anniversary of the Cuban missile crisis, the

closest the world has come to nuclear war and a massive mutual

destruction. The tensions started in 1962, when a US spy plane

spotted a Soviet military base in northern Cuba, it could with

nuclear weapons capable of reaching to Washington and beyond. They were

there because you do feared the West was planning to invade and

topple its socialist revolution. The crisis was narrowly averted.

Taking a ride back in time on the trail of the Cuban missile crisis.

I came to the countryside, looking to traces of October 1962. When the

world came the closest ever to nuclear war. There are fragments of

the past in strange places. This site in shall to use as part of a

concrete Silo made to store nuclear warheads. R warheads. Rhe main site,

it is a trek into the whole site. - - hillside. Each of these almost 80

times more destructive than the bomb at Hiroshima. Historians tell

me the whole crisis could have been avoided. TRANSLATION: The Soviets

could have hidden the missals if they had asked for Cuban help. They

could have disguised them. But they incomprehensible aspects of the

crisis that it barely took any camouflage measures. So the

military base was spotted by the Americans. 50 years ago, this heap

of concrete was where Soviet troops kept 12 nuclear warheads. Cuba

allowed all of this on to the island in an act of self-defence.

It was a move that brought the two superpowers of the time to the

brink of nuclear war. Six days after seeing aerial images of the

launch sites, President Kennedy announced the naval blockade of

initial initial steps. A Fidel Castro had

accepted th accepted th to protect Cuba's revolution. But it would to

see high risk strategy. -- was. TRANSLATION: Is something had gone

wrong, it was all over. These were massive palace. Armed to the teeth.

It was serious. No more so than when a US up by pain were shut down

over Cuba. But cool heads prevailed. two days ago, a deal was struck to

remove the missals. TRANSLATION: I stronger. We won the battle. The

Americans did not bomb last or invade. We're just a little island.

They are the most powerful country It here.

It could so have easily ended otherwise.

As the successful London Olympics and Paralympics closed this summer,

in Brazil to build stadiums and facilities for the next Olympics to

be held in 2016. Some projects involved the redevelopment of sites

that were linked with the slave trade. One area is the arrival

point for half a million slaves and on the World Heritage List. We

report on efforts to preserve the For years in Rio's old port the

quiet. quiet. But with some help from an

Olympic deadline, all that is about to change. There will be new

museums. Better public spaces. And this highway will disappear

underground. But much of this area's future is built on a bad

foundation, as the recent renovations uncovered. Right here

they have made an extraordinary discovery. This was a Quay where

slaves from Africa would arrive in Brazil. Walking across the

cobblestones they would arrive in Some ery.

the coffee plantations and the sugar plantations of Brazil, would

have arrived here. The sea once lapped against the stones. From the

centuries-old mud the lives of the first Afro Brazilians are re-

emerging. A child's tiny bracelet and a single earring, perhaps from

Mozambique. It is a small jewellery box that is very rare to find,

called Little Africa. Long gone are the buildings where slaves were

fattened and then sold on. And here on this street the fate of those

that made it no further has been uncovered. This woman was carrying

out building work at her home. They uncovered a graveyard of the slaves

that had died after the long voyage from Africa. The building work

small museum. Here you see two things, a lack of the spectrum life

and a lack of respect during death. They did not have graves, the bones

were thrown away as if they were trashed. A few blocks away is the

Pedro, it is the birthplace of Samba. Most of the residents here

are very po are very pothan half are Afro Brazilian. Louise is one of

the soundings of the Pedro Colombo, a group that preserves the areas

African heritage. He says it is under threat. TRANSLATION: Our

new he new investments in the region have

not valued our traditions. They have been more interested in

looking at years of slavery than our African heritage. Above is the

city's oldest favela. A new cable car is being built that will make

hundreds hundreds of families will see their

neighbourhood neighbourho neighbourhoenovated.

Drawing tourists of course provides opportuniti opportunitiing

this woman sells sweets and cakes through this neighbourhood. Advice

and training came from Geovanni's group which helps Afro Brazilian

businesses get off the ground. Rio is becoming a world-class city.

Important discoveries like the Quay are helping us better understand

that our origins are black. The black city, this was buried.

with these discoveries we can re- examine the past and make links

with the present. Rio isn't the first city to use the Olympics to

try to bring life back to forgotten neighbourhoods. But history is

already alive here. At Pedro de Sa the African roots of this

neighbourhood run deepest. Celebrating an encouraging the

African legacy here may turn out to be one of the grandest feats of the

next Olympic Games. He was dubbed the real Slumdog Millionaire after

he won the Indian version of Who Wants To Be A Millionaire. In a

story that mirrored the Oscar- winning movie. How has the money

was the million dollar moment. But what happens next? 12 months on,

Sushil Kumar still shares the same has How

has he spent his money? This is a generator. It cost $500. The

generator means he no longer has to put up with daily power cuts. But

his biggest buy has been this plot of land next door. He is building a

large house for himself, his parents, his wife, his brothers and

their families. TRANSLATION: After I won the competition, I started

getting letters asking for money to pay for operations, land and

weddings. But in our society, if you help one person, thousands

start to come. We help people close help If I

help everyone, I will lose it all in one day. Sushil now spends his

days at home with his family. He has bought his first ever computer

and dreams of becoming a psychology lecturer. For his parents, it is

the little things that matter most. TRANSLATION: Before, we could only

buy a half a litre of milk. Now we can afford even three litres and we

can afford expensive vegetables. This is a reflection of the new and

changing India, where more people are coming into wealth. But just

outside his house, we can see the other India, one of immense poverty

where 95% of the population lives on less than $10,000 per year. One

year ago, Sushil Kumar was making less than t less than the is rubbing

shoulders with some of India's best known stars and is a celebrity

himself. He was even invited on to TRANSLATION:

TRANSLATION: Overnight, I became known across the country and many

of my problems were automatically solved. I feel it is miraculous. I

never wanted to become a millionaire but God made me one.

Now Sushil's new priority is fatherhood. His wife will give

birth very soon. His prize money has secured a comfortable future

different different life for their child.

Three in December he became the granddaughter of a father. Women in

Mali have to cover their heads, bars have been burnt down. Dozens

of musicians have had to flee south where singing has not been made a

crime. Islamist fighters linked to Al-Qaeda have taken over the

desert's richness. It helps drug trafficking. They are trying to

destroy Mali culture. No music, no Mali. No culture in Mali. He is --

she is know she is knowvoice of the North, Islamists threaten to cut

off her tongue. Her northern home, now all forms of music are banned.

They are replacing ring tones with the correct Verses. -- Koranic.

Bamako has Attracted many people from Mali hoping to have a say in

the crisis. The problem we have in the country, we all made it.

Government, military, students, everybody has his part in this

problem. Like a giant power outage across the North, there are fears

that Mali culture will be destroyed. Now a reality. They are determined