14/07/2013 Reporters

a platform -- collided with a platform. Time for reporters.

Welcome to the world's newsroom, from where we send out the world's

correspondence to bring you the best stories from across the globe. In

this week's programme: trying to build peace and prosperity in

Egypt. We report on the economic malaise behind the country's current

crisis. Egypt at all levels of society is an intensely political

country but people also have to make a living and here, that is not

easy. 50 years on, we look back at the raid on this Johannesburg farm,

which marked a turning point in the struggle against apartheid. Although

Nelson Mandela was already imprisoned by the time the raid took

place, what was uncovered on that day put him on trial again.

Inspiring the world, the Pakistani schoolgirl shot by the Taliban tells

the UN that all children need better access to education. One child, one

teacher, one book and one pen can change the world. And the rising

popularity of the panda. We get up close and personal with China's most

endearing species. If you are very lucky, you can do something like

this. I am holding a baby panda less than one-year-old.

Last week, its president was so moved by the military and this

week, Egypt, one of the most important countries in the world,

seemed almost on the brink of civil war. Behind the crisis in Egypt lies

a serious economic malaise and whoever tries to take the country

forward has to do something to give people hope not merely of peace but

also of prosperity. As Egypt turns, so too does the

wheel in which Mohamud's livelihood depends. With children to feed, his

hands must go on working play though others around the country are raised

in protest. The income from his spot is only 1/3 of what it was before

Egypt's tater ship was overthrown two years ago. TRANSLATION: After

the revolution, we do not sell so much, now. They are just sitting on

the shelves. We used to sell to Cairo a lot. We did exhibitions for

embassies and exported to Italy, Morocco. Since the revolution, it is

no longer safe here, so tourists are afraid to come. His dusty village

2.5 hours out of Cairo was gentrified slightly as Egypt's

middle-class expanded during the last years of Hosni Mubarak's

dictatorship. You do not see much of the second homeowners now all the

foreigners who used to visit. The revolution is to blame. This feels a

long way from Tahrir Square, but even here, there are people who

travel regularly to the various protests in the capital. Egypt at

all levels of society is an intensely political country but

people also have to earn a living and here, that is not easy. The

economy slowed almost to a halt with unemployment possibly as high as

20%, rising inflation and dangerously low levels of foreign

reserves. Back in Cairo, I have come to meet a man who can help put

things right. He is the billionaire tycoon who connected Egyptians by

starting the country's first mobile phone company. To remind everybody

here what we are about. Telecoms is are the biggest in Egypt. He and his

family are Egypt's largest private employers. This is a picture of how

people felt after January 25. welcomed the 2011 revolution but

left the country after the Muslim Brotherhood's Mohamed Morsi was

elected president last year. Now he is back to repair the damage, he

says, the brotherhood did. They frightened all the investors out of

the country, especially the Egyptians. I can tell you, I am not

proud of that, but for 2.5 years, I personally have not invested a penny

here. I didn't even want to change my old TV in my house. This

channel... We have another one, which is what we call TV live. You

can see Tahrir Square right now. does not just own televisions, he

owns television stations. This one helped encourage the mass protests

onto Rose Square that led to the toppling of Mohamed Morsi and is

still rolling on, although he now wants stability so that the IMF and

other lenders will step in to save the country. Now we need to have an

injection that will give us one year of time to restructure our economy.

Foreign reserves are depleted. We need up to $20 billion to take us

for another 18 months. That'll give us breathing space reorganise

ourselves. Then we need to have an end to these demonstrations and this

split in our society. What Egypt needs, even beyond democracy, is

water. The water, of course, comes from the River Nile, pumped to this

village by a intricate system of canals. But the pumps require fuel

and that is subsidised. To pay for that, the state needs cash it has

not got. And farmers like this man say they do not benefit from the

subsidy anyway. His Sesame field is parched because often he cannot

afford to pump the water. TRANSLATION: Every petrol station

has a certain amount of diesel. Sometimes they do not get the right

amount. Even when they do, the owner of the station sells it on the black

market at three times the official subsidised price. That is happening

almost entirely because the President cannot control the country

and no one is doing their job properly. Half of all Egyptians

survive below or just above the official poverty line. Alone worth

nearly $5 billion was offered by the IMF but only if subsidies on bread

and cooking gas as well as diesel were reduced. The Muslim Brotherhood

government did not dare agree, fearing the people 's wrath. But

Egypt's economy won't work until its politics do. Tycoons like this are

political players as well. This is you with Henry Kissinger? Yes. He is

involved in discussions with the new government and even as Egypt seems

more divided than ever, he wants the Islamists included. We should reach

for the Islamists in the Muslim Brotherhood. We should not go into a

prosecution or a revenge state. We should try to accommodate them back,

you know, and bring them back into society but as an opposition this

time. On Tahrir Square as the anti-government crowds gathered once

again this evening, there were not many calls for reconciliation with

the Muslim Brotherhood. We don't need them. As a rule, we don't need

them from the beginning of history. They are bad people. And they

represent many Egyptians. They mislead. They were liars.

TRANSLATION: They have no political future in Egypt, Nova Place

politically. Their party should not have weapons. We don't want Egypt to

be like Syria. Last night's violence appears to have only hardened views

on both sides and the chances now of peaceful ways out of Egypt's crisis

seen even slimmer. Back in the village, the hopes of progress to

improve everyday life will have to be put on hold for even longer.

Let me take you back 50 years to apartheid South Africa. A police

raid took place, which was a seminal moment for the anti-apartheid

struggle. Nelson Mandela was already in prison but police seized other

top leaders of the ANC's military wing and found evidence that led to

Nelson Mandela and others being given a life sentence. It all

happened on a small farm in the north of Johannesburg, from where

our correspondent reports. Police photographs taken after a

raid that made history. They arrived here in a dry cleaning van as their

cover and jumped out of it once they had entered the farm. They made

straight for this thatched roofed room, where, as a police officer put

it later, they hit the jackpot. the day of the raid, the leadership

were meeting here to discuss operations for the military plan.

There were discussions about the impact the sabotage campaign was

having and they felt they needed something much harsher that would

strike into the fabric and soul of the apartheid regime. Among those

arrested here in the main building was Dennis Goldberg, an engineer who

was learning how to make explosives. In his pocket when notes on where to

buy castings and chemicals. He went to flush them down the toilet but

was caught before he could do so. become a 1st-time full-time

revolutionary was very exciting. The adrenaline was pumping every day.

And suddenly, I suppose it was like how a rockstar feels after the

concert is over. Absolutely flattened. The South African

Communist Party purchased the farm and offered it to Nelson Mandela as

a safe house to from where he could conduct his activities on behalf of

the ANC and other parties while he was on the run. He used this room as

a bedroom and an office while posing as a servant called David. Although

Nelson Mandela was already imprisoned by the time the raid took

place, what was uncovered on that day put him on trial once again

together with his colleagues arrested here - all of them facing a

potential death sentence. I am prepared to die. At the trial,

Nelson Mandela famously declared that he had no choice but to resort

to an armed struggle against a government that ignored the

grievances of its black majority. Today, there is a steady stream of

visitors to the restored farm, exploring the story of a raid

overshadowed by the later history of how apartheid was brought to an end.

But those who were discovered and arrested here 50 years ago Speaker

of the raid as the spark that lit the flame. Our mistake, they say,

was in coming here once too often. It is not how most teenagers would

spend their 16th birthday. Malala Yousafzai, the Pakistani teenager

who was shot in the head by the Taliban last year, spent her

birthday addressing more than 500 young people at the United Nations

headquarters in New York. She called for better access to education for

children across the world. Our correspondent listen to her speech

at the UN in New York. It's a teenage takeover of the United

Nations. Not the usual diplomats but young people from across the globe

here to demand education for every child. Their inspiration is Malala

Yousafzai, who is celebrating her 16th birthday with a speech the

Taliban never wanted her to make. am the same Malala Yousafzai. My

ambitions are the same, my hopes are the same and my dreams are the

same. The Taliban tried to kill her in Pakistan because she was

campaigning for girls to have an education. Incredibly, she survived

and was flown to Britain for treatment. Now, her campaign has

gone global. One child, one teacher, one book, and one pen can change the

world. Education is the only solution. Education first. Thank

you. These teenagers, who are battling to convince their own

governments to invest in education took part at the struggle. An iMac

my family work for education in India and seeing that she is able to

do this is amazing for me. They are here to remind world leaders of

their pledge to have every child in primary education by 2015. But there

are 57 million children not in school, so how can that Golby

achieved? As children are in charge at the UN today, the BBC's School

report team, Holly and Lauren, put that question to former Prime

Minister Gordon Brown, now a UN Envoy. I am happy to go to

Pakistan, Nigeria, India, Afghanistan and say to them that the

rest of the world as well as your own citizens things it is not good

enough that so many millions of girls and boys are not at school.

What again as Malala Yousafzai's driver for girls education has

become a global rallying cry. This teenager is now a world leader on

the international stage. This is a nightmare for parents whose children

have a condition called complex regional pain syndrome. A minor

injury disrupts the nervous system, making the pain worse long after the

physical injury has healed. It normally affects the elderly, but

doctors are struggling to understand the effects on children. That is a

Tasmanian devil? I never thought I would see one. A trip to the Natural

History Museum is a treat for Kimberley, just to get through the

day, she has had to increase her normal dose of powerful narcotic

painkillers. All the medicines she is on, are normally given only to

adults. It is severely addictive. We only use them in extreme

emergencies. If I did not give it to her today, she would be laying on

the sofa for 24 hours. Kimberley has complex regional pain syndrome, a

disorder of the nervous system that doctors are only beginning to

understand. Part of the treatment involves stimulating her senses in

the way that it might change the way the brain registers pain. The lights

stimulate your mood. The symptoms started after she broke her toe. The

physical injury healed, but the pain remains debilitating and affects the

whole body. When I hit my arm on the table, it hurts so much more than

me. It feels like I broke my bone. I have been bullied for it. I have

been teased. I have been told that I am lying. But I am not. Doctors

confirmed that her illness is real. Absolutely no question. This is a

dysfunction of the nervous system. We are not sure if this is genetic,

we are not sure if an illness reciprocates it, followed by a tiny

injury that sets it off. It is physiological. Don't pay attention

to much how much it hurts, or the wait. This interactive video game is

part of the therapy. This medical Centre is the only facility in the

country that uses game technology to measure and treat chronic pain.

I first came here, I was in a wheelchair. I could not do much. Now

that I have gotten better, I can use this bigger screen. This year at 11

year old developed the illness after bumping her knee. It's like you

can't do anything. You are hopeless. You don't want to do anything. You

just don't want to. Treatment here has helped enormously. There is

still no cure. No one wants to see their child in pain. You can't take

it away. In one can tell you how to fix it. I think that is the worst

part. After a long way, her medication is wearing. What's --

what's wrong? What is your pain level? At the moment, she can only

manage her illness. It is hoped that technology may one day consider her

brain that her body no longer hurts. Sichuan is China's most populous

province. Its best-known residents are black, white and very. Giant

pandas. There is no end to their popularity. You can buy stuffed

pandas, panda T-shirts, there is even a TV channel devoted to them.

Our correspondent has been there to get up close and personal with some

of their pandas. Believe it or not, this is China's biggest brand. I am

at the giant panda sanctuary in Sichuan Robinson in the heart of

China. Even though there is a lot of people around here, pandas like

whites because they are solitary. But let's face it. The cloud --

crowd loves these creatures. This place is mainly for conservation,

with only 2000 left in the world. These pandas are also worth a lots

of money. 1/3 of all tourism revenue in the province comes from pandas.

That comes to 16 billion US dollars. That is a lot of money for the

government. It is also enough to pay for some sacks. Look at that.

Enjoying a treat. We think of them as eating bamboo. They like a treat

just like many other animals. Believe it or not, giant pandas are

probably China's most successful export as well as brand. They are

regularly and routinely lent out to countries that China wants a good

relationship with. They are is symbol in many respects. Only 15

zoos have pandas on loan from China. They pay millions for the privilege.

They have a baby, but natural breeding is rare. China retains the

rights to the club. Speaking of babies. I am so happy right now. If

you are very lucky, you get to do something like this. Hold a baby

panda, less than a year all. -- year old. He is in 11 months old. As you