04/01/2014 Reporters


04/01/2014

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ability to protect itself is tested. Now on BBC News - Reporters.

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Welcome to reporters. In a special edition of the programme, we are

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looking back at some of the highlights of the year from our

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correspondent across the globe. Coming up, as Sri Lanka hosted the

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Commonwealth suburb, we investigated allegations of culture and a

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deepening climate of oppression. TRANSLATION: They hung me up naked

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and beat me with iron rods. They don't be with cigarette arts. A

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nation in hiding, will report from the Central African Republic as

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thousands flee the escalating violence. TRANSLATION: They killed

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my father and took his body. I do not know what will happen to me now.

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The real great escape. The true life story of the World War II prison

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Break caught on camera. Only a handful may be back here -- made it

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back here to France, and only one survives.

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The legend of breaking bad. We report from New Mexico on what is

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being called the greatest TV show ever.

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This American tale may be fed on the myth of the west, but it is grounded

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firmly in the reality of the sleepless city.

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It was a brutal chapter in Sri Lanka is turbulent past. In the last few

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months of the country 's civil war, 40,000 people were killed and tens

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of thousands more simply disappeared. Their families are

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still left in the dark. An international enquiry was set up to

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find out exactly what happened, but even after controversially hosting

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this year 's Commonwealth summit, the Sri Lankan government says it

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has no intention of cooperating with this enquiry. It says its own

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investigation is enough. Just before the summit, we had this report from

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Sri Lanka. A warning, it contains some graphic descriptions of

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torture. In the Tamil north, the young are

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marching to welcome the Commonwealth. A local television

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station organised the rally. They passed the giant memorial

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celebrating the army 's victory over the Tamil Tigers. In this triumphant

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vision of Sri Lanka is present, peace reigns. The State rejects

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itself as firm but benign. These are civil defence members, Tamils

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employed by the government to provide local security. TRANSLATION:

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At the moment, the situation is good. The government has given us

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jobs. We are able to carry on with our day-to-day lives happily.

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Infrastructure is being repaired. There have been the first provincial

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elections in decades. As part of what the government calls it

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reconciliation agenda, some 12,000 former Tamil Tiger detainees have

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been released. Challenging that official narrative is the evidence

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of UN investigators and major human rights organisations. They described

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a country where repression is widespread and security forces can

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act with impunity. We have spoken with some of those who allege state

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brutality because they fear reprisal, we have agreed to protect

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their identity will stop allegations of torture have been levelled at

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successive governments here, but under the current administration,

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activists say the climate of repression has deepened. During the

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war, this man was detained on terrorism charges was the war, this

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man was detained on terrorism charges were only recently

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released, he says he was tortured to obtain a confession. TRANSLATION:

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They hung me up naked and beat me with iron rods. They don't be with

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cigarette butts and four or five people would squeeze my penis. Every

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time they asked a question, they would squeeze my penis. I used to

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crawl across the floor in pain. The group Human Rights Watch says rape

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and sexual violence are widely used against detainees, something the

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government denies. We travelled to a safe house where we met a former

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detainee. She alleges beatings and sexual assault and threats of rape

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and she says she will overdose if it occurs again. TRANSLATION: I do not

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want to be sexually molested by the army. If they take me, I know I will

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talk to -- I know I will be tortured and will not come back again. I keep

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these tablets because I do not want to be raped by them. She asked me

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who is going to protect her, for now she will be hiding in this safe

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house, but long-term, what guarantees are there when the people

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that she is in mortal terror of have the forces of law themselves? The

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greatest abuses are alleged to have happened at the war 's end. In this

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region, where people 's belongings are still scattered, a UN panel of

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experts says cop to 40,000 may have died amid fierce shelling of what

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were supposed to be safe zones. It is alleged civilians were

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indiscriminately shelled, prisoners executed and others vanished after

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surrendering to the army. Charges the government rejects. The

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government feels it should be congratulated for defeating the

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Tamil Tigers, an organisation accused by the UN of using civilians

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as human shields and shooting people who tried to flee at the Wallsend.

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The Foreign Minister insists enquiries are independent, not a

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whitewash, as human rights groups claim. They are questioning our

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intention to appoint an investigative body. It is something

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that is already happening and is ongoing. There are circumstances

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warrant an investigation, not circumstances that warrant a

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preconception of guilt. If there is any attempt to settle an

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international investigation, Sri Lanka will not co-operate? We have

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been saying that it is unwarranted, there is no reason to do this. It is

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entirely without justification. There is peace of a kind now in the

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north, but it is accompanied by the silence of absences, unanswered

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questions and of fear. From Sri Lanka is human rights

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record to a warning of genocide in the Central African Republic. The UN

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says this country is on the verge of chaos. More than 400,000 people,

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nearly a 10th of the population, have fled their homes as a violence

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escalates, mainly by Muslim militias against Christian communities, the

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country has been in turmoil since a coup last March. 40,000 refugees are

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seeking shelter in a town. You may find this report distressing.

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The silence is haunting and unbroken. It lasts for hundreds of

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miles. Abandoned villages, burned villages. The eerie sense of a

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nation in hiding. Finally, we spot three nervous, ghostlike figures. On

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the right, the man says we thought you were the rebels. He says his

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family, six kids and the rest of the village are all hiding out here in

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the bushes, too scared to come back towards the road. We will see them

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now. As word spreads, others cautiously approached us. Months of

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conflict here in the Central African Republic have forced perhaps 400,000

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people to run for their lives. They are stranded, increasingly desperate

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and far from help. Disease killed this woman's youngest daughter. The

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rebels killed her brother. We live like animals, says the local

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teacher. No clean water, no food. Back on the road and far to the

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south, we run into the rebels. They are mostly Muslims, some foreign.

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They seized power in the country weeks ago, but their rebellion, no

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means the first year, has collapsed into a murderous free for all. It

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now seems no one is in charge. The violence is surging.

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Suddenly, we stumble across the latest bloodshed. They bring out

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their dead. Rebel fighters attacked a few hours ago. A young Christian

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farmer, one of five killed here. Religion now fuelling the violence.

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TRANSLATION: The international community, the French, must protect

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us. The Muslims are terrorising us. Now the Christians are hitting back.

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Nearby, we meet members of a self defence militia. The weapons are

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home-made. The desire for vengeance is growing. These groups have

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already carried out brutal reprisals against Muslims.

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In the middle of the mayhem, this streetsmart child has found a

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sanctuary in the church compound in town. He ran from his village when

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the rebels came last month and read -- left him as an orphan. 40,000

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people have now joined him here. He fights back the tears. TRANSLATION:

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They killed my father and took his body. I do not know what will happen

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to me now. It is fear that is trapping tens of

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thousands of people in one spot and that will not change until people

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are sure it is safe to go home. French and African forces are poised

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to arrive here in the next week or so, and things could change or

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improve quite quickly. But can they protect everyone, and for how long?

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This is a chronically unstable nation. With trust absent, the only

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currency that counts is fear. Things have never been this band. -- this

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bad. To break out of a German prisoner of

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war camp is remarkable in itself but to escape and capture it all on film

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is possibly one of the most amazing true stories of the Second World

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War. The BBC obtained in new footage depending -- depicting an audacious

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escape by French prisoners filmed by the inmates of themselves. As we

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report from Paris, it gives us a chilling view of life inside a

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German prisoner of war camp. 1940. The bleak surroundings of a

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prison camp in north-east Austria holding 5000 French officers. This

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rarely seen footage is a 30 minute documentary shot in secret by the

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prisoners themselves. Risking death, they recorded it on a secret

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camera that was smuggled into the camp in sausages. The team concealed

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in a hollowed out dictionary. The 8mm reels were hidden in the heels

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of their shoes. It is an extraordinary story but it is what

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they filmed which makes it all the more remarkable. This lieutenant was

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a former inmate and part of the escape committee. TRANSLATION: We

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dug a number of tunnels from the huts in which we were barracked. The

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guards always found them, looking for the dearth -- the Earth we dug

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out. They did eventually find a way. The father of this meant was a

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prisoner and he showed us the plan. The Germans allowed them to build an

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open air theatre. They had now half the distance to go and with the

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crudest tools, the malnourished men set to work. TRANSLATION: They were

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university professors, mathematicians, geologists, and

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architects so they can't you let the length and direction of the tunnel

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exactly. -- they cut elated. The tunnel was ventilated with empty

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tins of Pisa stuck together. They are had teams to get civilian

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clothes and false identity papers. By September 1943, they were ready

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to go. TRANSLATION: There was so little space that we were forced to

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lie in faecal positions. There was little air. Some fainted and all the

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time, we imagined the worst, the German firing squad that would be

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waiting at the end of the tunnel. That would be waiting at the end of

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the once they had gone beneath the wire,

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they were still deep inside German occupied territory. Of the 132

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escapees, 100 35 were recaptured in a week. Only a handful made it back

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to France and only one survives to this day. To celebrate his 100th

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birthday, John was honoured by Paris. He found his way to Vienna in

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1943 where he worked as a nurse. He eventually secured a weekend pass

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back to Paris. The homecoming was not enough. Within weeks, he

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rejoined the war effort and was now fighting for the resistance.

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This may sound rather like life in a prisoner of war camp, working 13

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hours a day with four hours of sleep but it is a typical day for South

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Korean children. It is the secret of syrup -- success in their schools.

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The country was ranked fifth in the OECD league table of educational

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outcomes. We have been speaking to schoolchildren in Seoul.

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South Korea wary child's life revolves around education. Regular

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school is problem -- followed by private school. This makes them some

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of the most formidable pupils in the world. This 16 -year-old goes to

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school in Seoul, made famous by the popstar. After school, she leaves

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with her brother are far from relaxing at home, she sets off again

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for her second round of study. Even the little ones do it double shift,

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long after what might be considered bedtime the UK, these tots are still

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working. She then spend hours here at the

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private crammer, just like the majority of Korean children. Eight

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get tired usually but I can forget about this when I see my results.

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They are kind of good. She gets home after 11:00pm, having spent a

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mammoth 13 hours studying. It is better to look p.m. And then up at

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6:30am to do it all over again. TRANSLATION: Korea has few natural

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resources, we any have people. Anybody who wants to be resourceful

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has to stand out. I'm not comfortable about this as a mother

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but it's the only thing she can do to achieve her dream. For the

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economy, this huge investment has taken the country in just two

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generations from mass illiteracy to technological powerhouse. Korea's

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success has come at a cost. The pressure on young people is huge and

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the suicide rate is the highest of all developed countries. Is this

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pressurised environment and sustainable? TRANSLATION: I don't

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think any other country has achieved such a rapid growth as South Korea

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in the past 50 years. We focused on school achievement and that has put

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a lot of people under stress and that is why we have a high suicide

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rates. We have long way to go but we are doing some soul-searching and we

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are trying to make our people happier. In many ways, Korea is the

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envy of the Western world. Ministers in Westminster and beyond that look

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longingly at the education record but the phenomenal success has come

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at a price which is that people are now gradually starting to weigh up.

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It has been called the best thing on television or year, groundbreaking

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and Shakespearean. Breaking Bag is the story of an American maths

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teacher -- and strategic who turns to cooking crystal meth for his

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family. Fans have been hooked on the winning formula for five seasons. As

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the legend came to an end, Johnny Diamond sense us this spoiler free

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report from the so-called Breaking Bad land of Albuquerque.

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New Mexico. This is the landscape of bad. Drug deals gone wrong and

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shootouts at twilight. Very Dusty Rhodes. -- dusty roads. This is just

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part of Breaking Bad. This is the epic, the mesa, the space will man

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can lose himself. There is another Breaking Bad, car washes and fast

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food joints, ordinary and banal. It seems that they are the unlikely

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stars. This is banal. In the show, this chicken restaurant and crystal

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meth nerves centre. In reality, and not too bad burrito joint. For some,

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that dreary as location is a cause for celebration. The locations by

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and large have not been set decorator. They are what they are.

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They are authentic. It shows that we have a quirky side to this place

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which we call home in the high desert south-west. It has become an

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organic element that we are, even natives to Albuquerque will say it

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looks pretty cool. And when locations are this good, white dress

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them up? A car wash in real life. In Breaking Bad, this was a car wash.

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Not just any car wash, of course. It was also the vehicle for laundering

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great big bricks of drug money. This is crystal meth candy. We call it

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Breaking Bad candy. The media dubbed it blew meth. Cooking up television

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-based candy is bring together to real-world addictions. Is this is

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very good. You don't think it is in our tastes? Not at all. Walter

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White's character is what they are developing and progressing. Did not

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-- it is not about this. It is about the development of the character and

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what happens to him. This is just a prop.

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The contemporary Western has no heroes, just doubt and death in

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equal measure. This American tale may be fed on the myth of the West

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but it is grounded firmly in the reality of the sleepless city.

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That is all from the special edition of Reporters, looking at some of the

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best stories from 2013. Goodbye. Have a happy New Year.

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Aloe once again. It looks like we will see further spells of wet and

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windy weather. Over the next two or three days or so. If you have any

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concerns about

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