19/04/2014 Reporters


19/04/2014

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Welcome to Reporters. From here in the newsroom, we send out

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correspondence to bring us the best stories. In this week's programme,

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the human avalanche. Tom Burrage meets African migrants risking

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everything to cross into Europe from Morocco. On this side of the border

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fence, which stretches for 11,000 kilometres, we are in Spain. On the

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other side is Morocco, Africa. We meet the American man who is father

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was killed in a mass shooting, running for office to try to change

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the nation's gun laws. It is still difficult to think that somebody

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could have so much hate in their heart to go and shoot in a church at

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elderly people at 10am and kill them. Getting smarter, Sarah

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Rainsford reports from one of the world's list connected countries on

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Cuba's internet revolution. And, Jane O'Brien follows the seven ton

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dinosaur fossil on a road trip across the UK.

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They are stranded in a kind of no man's land inside North Africa, but

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within touching distance of Europe. Thousands of African migrants are

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living on a hill in the mountains of Morocco. All that separates them

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from Europe is a huge border fence built by Spain to keep them out.

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Spanish border authorities have said that what they call a human

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avalanche has tried to cross that fence in recent weeks.

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A home in a would, in the mountains of North Africa, where they wait.

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Hungry and desperate to enter a tiny piece of Europe, which they can see

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down below. Lenny has been living in the forest for four years. 11 of the

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living here? He travelled away from Cameroon, but now he is trapped. I

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am a prisoner, because I can't go in the street, I can't just walk in the

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street, they can catch me at any time. Prisoner, and that is why I

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decided to come in the forest to live. There are thousands living

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here. An unwelcome community within touching distance of their ultimate

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goal, Europe. For migrants, the mountain is like... This fence,

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which stretches from 11.5 kilometres, separate Spain from

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Morocco. It is eight metres high, but the markets have tactics and

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techniques which have driven effective. In recent weeks, hundreds

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at a time have scaled the fence, filmed by the police, who call it a

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human avalanche. Spain is spending more on policing its border, but the

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Spanish government's representative says the European Union needs to

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take action to help the country control one of Europe's most

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southern borders. For those that cross, there is little work. But

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there is somewhere to sleep. This overcrowded immigration centre. Life

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here is not all that easy. It is very difficult. No work, nothing to

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sustain full living over here. We are just like beggars. Some told me

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they dream of life in Britain, but the authorities here plan to send

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most back to the country where their journey began. This city managers

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met tens of thousands of crossings from Morocco every day. It is now

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calling on European partners for help. To stop those on the mountain

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who are planning their illegal attempt to enter Europe and Spain.

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Syrian soldiers, backed by Hezbollah fighters, drove rebels from the

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agent Kristian town of mother love this week. 60 Kristian children and

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teachers were also injured in an attack on a school in Damascus ``

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Christian. These take place on a daily basis. Syrian Christians say

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they are not the only one suffering in this war. But, the question

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community feels persecuted. For Syria's Christians, the start of

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Holy Week is it time to hold fast to rituals. Especially such joyous

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occasions in the saddest of times. Memories to treasure for young and

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old. After years of crisis, they hold the left French high, exclaims

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the patriarch. Waving a symbol of peace `` the olive branch. But there

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is no escaping reminders of war. A visiting peace delegation takes up

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the front pews of the church. They have come from countries as diverse

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as Iran and Pakistani, Britain and Australia. A peace activist is among

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them. The only way forward for Syria, as through Northern Ireland,

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is through dialogue and reconciliation. There is no peace

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now, just daily violence. A mortar round struck a Christian school this

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week. It was just a few hundred metres from the church. 60 children

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and teachers were injured. This nine`year`old waits for surgery on

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her leg. She tells me it is broken and burning. You are a brave girl, I

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say. TRANSLATION: Yes, we are brave, but what does it mean? All the

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children were injured, a lot of blood spilt on the floor in our

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courtyard. And our principle is in surgery now. A lot of teachers were

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injured. She and her classmates were playing in their schoolyard in the

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Christian quarter of the old city when a mortar landed. Dozens now

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strike Damascus every day, believed to be fired by rebels. The Syrian

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Army pounds their positions on the edge of the city. In Syria now, the

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attacks take place on a daily basis. Some are targeted, some like this

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are indiscriminate. Kristian say they are not the only ones suffering

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in this brutal law. `` Christians say. For Christians, the pain over

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their individual losses is deepened by their anxiety over the fate of

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their entire community. This week, St Pauls Church in Damascus was full

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of sorrow for Father Franz, a Dutch Jesuit priest murdered in the city

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of Homs. A towering figure who inspired by his courage and

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commitment to this country. Another leading Jesuit was kidnapped by

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Islamists last year. Two bishops are also in captivity. I am afraid about

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the future of the Christian community. The majority of

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Christians, if they had the possibility to get out of Syria and

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to be elsewhere, they would leave. On the other hand, some people who

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made the decision to stay. For Christians, this week marks the

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death and resurrection of Jesus. Now, they also pray for the revival

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of their country and their place within it.

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There is a rising wave of anti`Semitism in France forcing Jews

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to leave? A major turning point in France was the murder of a teacher

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and three students at a Jewish school in Toulouse, two years ago.

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Many who leave also blamed changes in French society sparked by Arab

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immigration. We report from Paris on Jews who are becoming afraid of

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being Jews. This doctor is a successful dentist,

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married to an equally accomplished doctor, and he is the president of

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the Jewish community for the greater Paris region. This summer, he will

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leave France. The house has been sold, the family and his five

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children will leave with him. On a 1`way ticket to Israel. TRANSLATION:

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It is not just the attacks, it is the looks, the insults, the pension

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you feel every day, until life becomes more and more difficult. In

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Hebrew, emigrating to Israel is known as Aliya. 63% more left last

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year than how many left into 2012. TRANSLATION: They love Israel, and

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many feel unwelcome here in France. With the economy going so badly,

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many ask, why stay? This is what many hope to leave behind. A rally

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in Paris in January, the day before Holocaust Memorial Day. At least

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17,000 people marched, Jews! Get out of France, they shout. It is not

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just Jews who are leaving France, plenty of other communities are

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leaving as world. With record unemployment at 11%, compared to 6%

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in Israel, perhaps we shouldn't be so surprised that more and more

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young French Jews are thinking of emigrating. The Israeli government

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is now actively encouraging the immigration of French Jews, with

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more aid for those who move, and wider recognition of diplomas and

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qualifications. This rabbi told me he is not unduly worried by recent

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trends. I get phone calls all the time, saying that it is going

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crazy, but at the same time, this is only a small percentage. It always

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existed, and sometimes there are even more numbers. Perhaps it is a

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matter of perception. An EU survey published recently suggest that 40%

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of Jews in France will now avoid wearing clothing that identifies

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them. Jews, afraid to be Jewish. It is the debate that returns after

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every mass shooting in the United States, would greater controls on

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gun ownership save lives or limit freedom? There are fewer hot topics

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in American politics, and for one candidate, there is a personal

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connection. In August 20 12, six people were shot dead at a Sikh

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temple. The son of one of the victims is wanting to make his voice

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heard. He made three calls, each were recorded, and then he took the

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fight to the gunmen. The whole time, my dad is crying, trying his best

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with the knife. And being shot. He had five gunshots, in all different

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directions. He was laid to rest here. That emergency call, with the

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chilling ending, was captured on tape. We have offices there. The

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temple 's president and founder, one of six victims, one of six victims

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of a white supremacist. `` officers. It is still difficult to

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think that someone would have so much hate in the heart to go and

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shoot at 10am at elderly people and kill them. The people of the

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community stood alongside the Sikh community after the shootings, but

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he says that after other mass shootings, the administration 's

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embrace was quite cool. I was quite disappointed, in the president not

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showing up and been part of the leadership in this situation. He was

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in Sandy Hook and Aurora to help clear the narrative. I was

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disappointed in the federal government 's ability to act. Some

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rules need to change. Specifically changing the gun laws? Yes. Now, he

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is turning his frustration with a lack of progress on the gun`control

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issue in a run for the US Congress. He is planning to challenge the

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former presidential candidate, Paul Ryan, in a district where voters are

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attached to their guns. I love the smell of gunpowder. As the

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prospective Democratic congressman himself. On this visit to a local

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firing range, his call for universal background checks on gun owners

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falls on polite but death ears. ``deaf. It is too expensive, and

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will affect the good guys like you and I. What about those defects? A

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famous singer was shot and wounded at the temple when he was visiting.

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He needs constant care 20 months on. It reminds me that that little

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thing that came out of a gun has a huge impact. Not only cowboys and

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Indians having a little game, it gives me that fuel to keep going and

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striving for change. The medical challenges huge, but it is a tough

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and political struggle that this man now faces. He hopes that a campaign

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driven by the heart will help to change minds.

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Cuba is getting smarter, but slowly, it is one of the least connected

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countries in the Western Hemisphere. Only a privileged few have access to

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the Internet and they are only getting the hang of smart phones

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now. Cuban officials who restrict the flow of information so they are

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working to change that by opening up access to the Internet.

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Cuba is slowly playing catch up with the modern world. It is six years

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since people here were permitted to own mobile phones. Now, they have

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been allowed e`mail on them. Some queued for seven hours to sign up

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for the service, and make their phones a little smarter. Many say

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they want e`mail to stay in touch with family living abroad.

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TRANSLATION: It is cheaper than phone calls, but also because we

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want to progress a bit more. And have it the same as the rest of the

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world. Yet, Cuban phones are still not hooked up to the Internet. This

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is one of the least connected countries in the Western Hemisphere.

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Next to the queue at a phone office here, that is one of the latest

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access centres, people here can now get online. It is a new service with

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300 of these places opened across the country in the past year. It is

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expensive, $4.5 to be online for one hour. If you're a state worker here,

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that is a weak salary. People are finding funds, somehow. This man

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saves up to come here because, like a vast majority of Cubans, he is not

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allowed the Internet at home. This a big opening. The price is a problem.

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This man says he would like to read the news and download books while he

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is online. But, it is expensive, so he sticks to the most urgent thing,

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e`mail. Communist Cuba has always kept tight control on information.

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Without access to the Internet, the revolution risks being left way

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behind economically. Officials insist that access for all is

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coming. They will not say when. TRANSLATION: It is about

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investment. Every service costs money and we have to create

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infrastructure for a quality products. Politically, the wheel is

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there. Of course it is. `` the will. Cubans have been finding their

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way around restrictions, there are no Internet cafes here, but a

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booming black market in loading flash drives. You can get everything

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here, from films to magazines. It is like surfing the web. Sometimes you

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will get the real thing. These people have discovered a network

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left open by mistake and are frantically logging onto it. It is

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slow, this man tells me, but something. And, it is free. The main

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thing, they can make the most of the connection before it is discovered,

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and before it disappears. It is 65 million years old, weighs

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about seven tons, and came to the end of a four Day Rd trip across the

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USA this week. An almost complete fossil of a Tyrannosaurus rex was

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discovered in a museum in Montana, and transferred to the Smithsonian.

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It has taken months of travelling and careful packing. In a basement

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at the Museum of the Rookies, one of the most delicate packing jobs in

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history is under way. This is part of the pelvis of the T`Rex. ``Rocky

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Mountains. 16 boxes filled with dinosaur bones. The

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66`million`year`old remains of a T`Rex, down for the Natural History

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Museum in Washington. This doesn't come along very often. It's pretty

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much a once`in`a`lifetime moment to stand here and pack up the dinosaur

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and ship it across the country. Most museums, if they are lucky, get one

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shot at this. The Wankel is named after Cathy Wankel, a rancher who

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found the bones in 1988. We could tell as soon as it was exposed, that

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it was one of the most complete skeletons ever found. It includes

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the first example of a complete T`Rex forearm. The science of

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discovery can be pretty basic. Always armed with a pickaxe and a

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pocket knife, those are my tools. Montana is dinosaur country, because

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of its geology and climate. The fossils are thrown to the Earth 's

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surface. But how do scientists know if they find one? Just put your face

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on it. It sticks. Try your tongue on the rock. It doesn't stick. So you

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can tell dinosaur bones from rocks by putting your tongue on it. Many

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have left Montana, but few have been packed with so much care. It has

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taken the best part of the week to get to this stage. Hundreds of T`Rex

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bones. Some just tiny fragments, all individually wrapped and ready for

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shipping. The question now is how to get them to Washington. The bones

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are being transported in a huge, climate`controlled truck. It has

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added security systems. And the journey across the US is under

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constant satellite surveillance. Knowing that that skeleton is packed

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well, it is on that transport to Washington, I can't wait to meet it

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on the other end. This bronze cast gives an idea of how it will look

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fully assembled. The first time in 66 million years the nation's T`Rex

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will stand on its own two feet. That is all from Reporters this week.

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Goodbye for now. Mixed fortunes weatherwise as we

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head into Easter Day. The bulk of the UK will stay dry, I think, but

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the best of the sunshine will be in the north, in southern areas, there

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is an increasing risk of wet weather initially. The reason is

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