26/07/2014 Reporters

Reporters. We explore Miami's backstreet osmotic surgery industry

and the HIV orphans of Kenya missing out on life`saving drugs. ``

cosmetic surgery. Hello and welcome to Reporters. From

here, in the world's newsroom, we send our correspondence to bring you

the best noise from around the globe. In this week's programme:

Afghanistan's war widows. The women coping with life after the conflict.

Caring for Kenya's HIV orphans. We meet the children missing out on

life`saving AIDS drugs. If I was not taking this medicine, I would have

already died. Miami's latest vice. Investigating the backstreet doctors

selling young Americans fake bottom enhancements. My body started to

deteriorate and my bottom started to look like that of an 80`year`old

woman. The invasion of the jellyfish. An underwater fishing

trip in Cornwall, where scientists have reported a record number of

sightings. And a new television revolution. We report on the future

of broadcasting, where you control what you watch. Behind the scenes,

television is changing fast both in the way it is consumed and the way

it is commissioned. After 13 years of conflict, foreign troops are

leaving Afghanistan. But the war against the Taliban has left a

lasting legacy for the country's women. Tens of thousands of Afghan

soldiers lost their lives, many living wives and children behind. No

one knows exactly how many war widows there are in Afghanistan.

However, the UN estimates it could be as much as 2 million. Some have

been telling their stories for the first time. This woman lives in the

Afghan capital, Kabul. She makes $1 per day doing laundry and baking

bread. Her life was not always like this. Her husband was a translator

for the American army but he was shot dead by the Taliban seven years

ago. Traditionally, Afghan widows would

only married their husband's male relatives. Her in`laws disowned her

when she refused to marry within the family. Without a husband, she

struggles to support her children. Over 300 miles away in northern

Afghanistan, this woman's husband was killed by a mine. It was a

soldier in the Afghan army and died in 2010. She still has not told her

children. Women like these do not often get

the chance to tell their stories. Widows are seen as a bad omen here

and they are subject to gossip and rumours. Her family does not approve

of her speaking openly about her life, so she will not show her face

to the camera. Even though she is now 26, she is not allowed outside

of the house without her mother. International troops are leaving

Afghanistan but the war is still part of daily life here. The women

hope that as foreign troops leave, the world will remember the

sacrifice made by their husbands and tens of thousands of other Afghan

soldiers in the ongoing fight against the Taliban.

The world of AIDS research is mourning the loss of six leading

scientists, who were among the victims of flight MH17. They were on

their way to a major conference in Australia. Despite their tragic

loss, the conference comes at a time of optimism that one of the biggest

killers of our time could be coming under control. Many more lives are

being saved today through the use of antiretroviral drugs but some groups

are still left behind, especially children. We went to a home that

cares for HIV`positive children in Kenya. At six o'clock, twice every

day, these children queue up to take a dose of life. They are all

HIV`positive. The virus causes AIDS. 20 years ago, not many would have

lived until this age. Because of the life`saving medication, these

children can dream and hope for a future. John is not this boy's real

name. He has developed resistance to all drugs available in Kenya, so he

takes much stronger medication which has to be imported. Nine tablets in

the morning and nine tablets in the evening. In one day, many tablets.

If I was not taking this medicine, I would already have died. Sister Mary

runs the home that takes in children as young as X weeks old. When it

first opened, the home was more a hospice, burying up to three

children every month. Today, this place is full of life. But a

shortage of drugs made specifically for children often forces staff to

break up adult children break up adult tablets to give to children.

The issue is that in the developed world, there are so few babies born

with HIV that pharmaceutical companies are not interested in

making paediatric doses because they will not get the profit in the

developing world. It is justice that the children should get drugs that

are child friendly. The children here are just settling into their

various houses for the evening. These are among the lucky few

children living with HIV. Around the world, 75% of them do not have life

prolonging medication. Here, even though they have those drugs, there

are not enough paediatric medications for children, and so

they have to make do with big, bitter and hard medicines and

times. Given this challenge, the focus at the moment is to prevent

infection in babies by their mothers. But in sub`Saharan African,

where 90% of children with HIV live, conflict, low literacy levels and

lack of access to healthcare make it unlikely this will happen. That is

why homes like this will still play a vital role for many years to

come. A growing number of women in the US

are getting plastic surgery to enhance their behinds. But with the

cost of surgery running into thousands of dollars, many of them

are choosing cheap, backstreet besiegers, often with fatal results.

Fake doctors are injecting anything from glue, plaster and tyre sealant

into the bottoms of women. The FBI has told the BBC is a growing crime,

but as we report from Miami, many women are ignoring the risks.

Beautiful bodies line Miami's beaches. Sunbathers here might be

comfortable with the way they look, but others, seeking a change in

appearance, are also flocking to Miami, which has become a hot spot

for backstreet cosmetic surgery. Here and across America, there has

been a huge increase in the number of women getting plastic surgery to

enhance their behinds. It costs up to $10,000 to get it done with a

doctor properly, which is why a growing number of women are

resorting to cheap and illegal injections.

I saw the girls doing butt injections. I decided that if I

could get a bit more butt, I would make more money.

Natalie Johnson was an exotic dancer, who paid $1700 for fake

enhancements. The fake doctor she used is now in jail for injecting as

many as 30 women with superglue and tyre sealant. It is not clear what

went into Natalie's body. The FBI says they are seeing more cases like

this in what is becoming a growing crime across America.

My body started to deteriorate and my butt started to look like an

80`year`old woman's. I was getting lumps. My skin was tearing. The

injections can also kill. 20`year`old Claudia Aderotimi from

London died in 2011 after she travelled to America for them. She

thought a bigger behind would help make it in the music industry. Here,

she is dancing with padding. This is the sort of stuff backstreet

doctors are injecting. And this is what it looks like after real

surgeons cut it out. This is scar tissue.

There are no figures on the number of botched procedures but this

doctor alone says he receives more than 100 calls per week from women

wanting corrective surgery. The American Society of Plastic Surgeons

says these illegal injections are a growing health concern.

What they do not realise is that they turn into a ticking timebomb in

the bottom. In a matter of time, the body will create such a reaction

that it will compromise their life as well as their health and they may

end up significantly deformed. The majority of my patients all said

they wished they had never injected it.

Beyonce is one celebrity who is praised for her natural curves but a

growing number of women wanting a similar look are putting their trust

in fake doctors and ignoring the risks to their lives.

Is Britain being invaded by jellyfish? More and more creatures

are turning up and scientists are trying to find out why. They have

been analysing the results. We have been to the beaches of Cornwall to

investigate. We are heading out on a fishing trip

with a difference. We are not after Bass, macro or place, we are after a

barrel. We have spotted a large barrel jellyfish off the side of a

boat. We are going to swim around with it, observe it. It is harmless,

although it looks quite frightening, I must say. Not worry about me.

Despite their size, there are more elusive than you might think. So we

resumed the search, but this time we are in luck. This PCs is normally

spotted further north in Wales or Scotland. But recently they have

turned up in the south`west of England in huge numbers. We need to

find out whether or not this is just a one off migration or whether they

are becoming more abundant and widespread. Incredible to see an

animal like that close`up. Absolutely extraordinary. Obviously

not harmful. Looking close, it was like an alien cauliflower. You could

see some fish swimming in sight. It was wonderful. There are one of

eight species that have been observed in the biggest survey of

jellyfish over 40 years. But last year was a record breaker and

finding out why is imported. It is not so simple as warmer summers.

Pollution can have an impact. Increases in jellyfish are being

linked to overfishing. We cannot afford to ignore these increases.

Jellyfish have wiped out salmon farms in Northern Ireland, close

down power stations, in the Mediterranean they closed down

tourist hotspots. The bathing waters are a hazard. We really need to

understand what is going on. We cannot afford to ignore the economic

consequences of increases. More jellyfish leads to more leatherback

turtles feeding on them. This one is tangled in a boy rope and safely

released by a fisherman. The data has been analysed to find patterns.

To go out and conduct surveys that gives you this number of sightings,

it is impossible financially and spatially. Having members of the

public conducting these surveys is really good and really exciting. And

looking out for jellyfish does not mean you have to like them. They are

a strange creature. Nobody really likes them. Obviously when you are

walking around. I like the colours. These ones are purple. I have simply

ones as well. If you can avoid getting stung, there is no doubt of

their alien beauty. It is hoped we will learn more about this

mysterious creatures of the sea. TV is changing and fast. A

revolutionary broadcasting is shaping the way we watch it. New

online services are now offering TV on demand. So you are not on a

schedule. We have been taking a look at the future world of TV.

This is how TV used to work. ITV have moved the ATM to five o'clock.

Quick, schedule an episode. TV schedules were planned with military

care, commissioners would decide what we could watch, channel

controllers when we got to watch it. But now, streaming services like

Netflix and Amazon instant video allow viewers to be their own

channel controllers. Behind the scenes, TV is changing. Both in the

way it is concealment and the way it is being broadcast. I am at the

centre of a revolution in how people are consuming entertainment. Content

is still king of TV. That has not changed. House of cards would be

landmark television in any age. But the is a new Chief Whip in town,

driving us towards that content. He did not choose to be put on my plan.

Leading this revolution is Netflix, based in California. The company

started life renting out DVDs through the post. Now the streaming

films and TV shows to 50 million customers in more than 40 countries.

We were given rare access to the development team. We have a fume and

it is. People are going to go and see, they have all this great

content, but I do not know what to watch. If they are frozen with toys,

they will be. This man is in charge of product innovation. He is putting

positive spin on the challenge he faces. The problem is not people

finding too much, not enough or anything. It is a challenge in the

UK, where the Netflix catalogue is thinner. It is his job to make sure

that every subscriber finds something

80 minutes. When you have Internet TV, you basically have a direct

relationship with the user. You do not throw something out into

are watching. You literally know how much of the programme people watch,

what time they watched velocity they go from one episode to

the next. If it is a movie, did they watch the whole thing? It is not, of

course, just Netflix that is changing the way TV is made. There

are plenty of other companies. We are in Hollywood, where they are

making generations of TV programmes. Nothing quite like this. `` they

have been. This is transparent, a comedy family drama produced by

Amazon instant video. The pilot was one of ten shows Amazon offer to its

subscribers, who were then asked what they wanted to see more of.

Transparent was cloud sourced commissioning. The

creator has a string of writing credits,

She says this way of creating TV is a big improvement.

that you would normally see. Normally there would be 20

ask the people who sold pilot paper if they would

brands would want to align themselves with. There is a big

change going on... But shows like transparent a different in another

way as well. Dealing with the struggles of the transgender men

coming out to as family is difficult, but it has permission to

be hated as long as some people really love it. In the past,

executives would pursue a mass audience. Today, that is useless.

Nobody is going to demand that show. That show is going to go to zero.

You have to look for a passionate audience that comes from an artist

with a vision. And for someone like that, it is hard for me to tell them

how to create a better expression of their vision. We are still in the

very early days of this revolution. But it is clear where it is going.

TV companies will gather and harness as much data as we are comfortable

with in order to market content to us. Not this year, not next year,

but generation of regeneration, society will get more comfortable

with sharing more information. They will not have a choice, because that

is where the world is going. As the world is going towards information

is out there, it can be leveraged to make a better experience for people.

Your TV is no longer an idiot box. It is getting smarter all the time.

As ever with the tantalising temptations of the information age,

there is an end to the bargain, revealing more information and

supplying more data in return for the TV we want to watch.

And that is it from Reporters for this week. Goodbye for now.

We reached 30 degrees in some spots on Saturday. The message is, the

cooler air will spread to the rest