07/11/2015 Reporters


07/11/2015

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Hello, welcome to Reporters. From here in the world's newsroom, we

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send our correspondence to bring you the best stories from around the

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globe. South Korea's had problems. Stephen Evans found a growing number

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of North Korean defectors turning to suicide. When my business failed, I

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tried to kill myself three times. I kept remembering how I risked my

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life just to get here. Life after Ebola, as Sierra Leone prepares to

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declare itself free from the virus, we speak to survivors of the

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disease, many who have lost loved ones. Three brothers who died? Yeah.

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I am sorry. Cannabis country, a report from Uruguay, the only nation

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in the world where marijuana is illegal. Supporters say it is much

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more than a hippy's Charter, a license to get high. Uruguay is any

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unique position to develop and exploit the commercial and medicinal

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uses of cannabis. And before Mickey Mouse, the lucky rabbit. The new

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film rediscovered after nearly 90 years starring Walt Disney's first

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creation. Did you think of them as comic animals? Were you thinking of

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them as human personalities? I would say human personalities but in the

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body of a cartoon animal. All over the world, people flee in their

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thousands from what they see as tyrannous regime is. How often do

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they were hoping for? 25,000 people have escaped the secretive state of

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North Korea, a country accused of systematic human rights abuses and

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fled to the south. New statistics show a startling number of defectors

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end up taking their own lives. Stephen Evans reports from South

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Korea on how for some dreams of a better life do not always come true.

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They come in hope. In sole, capital of the South, North Korean defectors

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get married in a mass ceremony. They arrive with virtually nothing. The

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government paid for a grand wedding. He says it has been a really hard

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journey to get here. Everything is unfamiliar. We are grateful that our

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wedding is being paid for. But the honeymoon may not last long. Reality

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for defectors is tough. This is Kim Song ill's second line of business

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and the defective 14 years ago. He has been a bust rider, run a

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restaurant, been a building labourer. Now he is selling chicken

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pieces. He hopes this works. It has been a hard slog. When my earlier

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businesses failed, I tried to kill myself three times. I kept

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remembering how I risked my life just to get here. South Korea is one

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of the most competitive countries in the world. People crisscrossing

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trying to get ahead of each other. The suicide rate is the highest in

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the developed world. The suicide rate for defectors is three times

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the national average. Kim is a 45-year-old dressmaker from North

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Korea who defected to the south four years ago. Now she wants to go back.

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She says that the materialism of the South is not as precious as her

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family. She wants to go back to the north even if it means she starves.

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But there are successes. North Koreans who have made the dangerous

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journey south and succeeded. This North Korean defector makes burritos

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and profits in South Korea. He has enterprise written right through

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her. In the north, she had never heard of this classic Mexican dish.

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But when she reached South Korea, But when she reached South Korea,

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she got a job selling kebabs and meat in a role, and she thought Rice

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would suit Korean taste. She invented a Korean style burrito and

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it sold like hot cakes. When I first arrived here, the South seemed so

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different. It could have been in America. In order to succeed, I had

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to learn everything from scratch. This school for defectors addresses

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the need for a job. It is run by a church but the nonreligious message

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is, learn the skills which will make you employable in the capitalist

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South there is discrimination against north Koreans. Skills like

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making coffee. To get a job in a restaurant. Grand dreams do not pay

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bills is the philosophy. Wages do. On South Korean TV, there is a show

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for defectors who tell their harrowing stories. The programme is

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changing attitudes to North Koreans among South Koreans. You are able to

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see not the North Korean government but the people as just ordinary

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people like themselves with the same basic concerns and very relatable.

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That will help North Korean refugees arriving and it will help

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interaction between the north and south in the future. Defecting from

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tyranny is not easy. It can also mean defecting from your friends and

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family. But still they come, 1400 last year. The pain of uncertainty

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and change to a different world does not put off defectors. Stephen

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Evans, BBC News, Seoul. Sierra Leone is getting ready to

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declare itself free from Ebola. Celebrations have begun but the

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suffering has not ended. Medical workers say up to 80% of people who

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survived the virus are still survived the virus are still

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suffering health problems. Tulip has been talking to some of them about

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coping with life after Ebola. Yes, we have survived. Celebrating

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life, these women are survivors. But their courage and masks enormous

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loss. I miss my brother. He died. Three brothers died? Yeah.

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I'm sorry. These women come together regularly to share their experiences

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of life after Ebola. All of them have suffered unimaginable trauma,

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most are now suffering physical pain too. I have sharp pains. Early in

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the morning, I get pains. My eye. You feel there is something on your

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eye? It is really worrying me. Many survivors are reporting problems

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with joint pains, fatigue and loss of vision. This is one of Sierra

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Leone's survivors clinics. Her eyesight was fine before she was

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infected. 50% of patient whom are reporting at the clinic present with

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eye problems. Of that, we have seen quite a handful of them with this

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condition. She has all but lost her sight now. The medics are taking her

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as an emergency to a nearby eye clinic to try to do what they can at

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this very late stage. How are you feeling today? You look very unwell?

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I feel fine. I don't feel fine at all, she tells me. I have great pain

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in my eyes. It is unclear why so many people are reporting these

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kinds of problems. It is known traces of the virus can linger in

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fluids in the eyeball after a patient recovers. If she comes

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consistently and receives consistent treatment, the problem she is

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currently facing could be reversed. But if she does not comply with

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treatment, the medication, it is likely that it will get worse.

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Treatment is not cheap and most survivors, especially in the areas,

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do not have access to this kind of care. In Afghanistan, more than 4

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million children do not go to school. This statistic betraying the

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failure of the country's education system. One young activist is trying

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to change it. 14-year-old has set up classes to teach children to read

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and write in one of the poorest areas of Kabul. She has been

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nominated for the 20 international children's peace awards for her

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work. -- the 2015. It is school time, today's lesson is the

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alphabet. The teacher, however, is not much older than the students.

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She is 14 and when she is not in school, she helps the children here

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because there are no primary schools in the neighbourhood.

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TRANSLATION: I decided to start classes for the children in the camp

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because I experienced problems myself in the past. I did not have

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access to formal education when I was younger. I teach them basic

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things like the alphabet and then hopefully some will go off to

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government schools. I feel really happy teaching the kids. It is not

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just lessons that she offers the children. She has mastered some

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great circus tricks and they are a favourite in playtime. The circus

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came to the Camp 1 time. I asked the performers to teach me a few tricks

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so I can play with the children. This is an area that does not have

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much going for it. It is made up of mud houses and rundown buildings and

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heaps of Roger -- of rubbish. This is the one spot where there is

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laughter and learning and children being children, enjoying themselves.

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It is down to this one teenager who has decided she was going to help

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her community. Her parents are very supportive. But not everyone is

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happy about what she is doing. TRANSLATION: Their elders in the

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camp did not like the fact I was teaching the kids. They did not see

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the point. They were especially critical of me teaching them circus

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tricks. Despite overall improvements since the fall of the Taliban in

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2001, Afghanistan is still struggling with education and more

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than 4 million children are out of school, most of them girls,

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especially in the rural and promote areas. It is not just education. We

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have so many other problems in the camp. We have no electricity, no

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running water, some refugees do not have ID cards. When I grow up, I

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want to be a lawyer, to fight for women and children's writes.

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Until she gets her law degree, Aziza says she will continue to help the

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children in her camp with the hope that some of them will get to school

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one day. As many countries decide what to do

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about their drugs problems, Uruguay has taken a novel approach. Two

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years ago it became the first country in the world to legalise

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cannabis. People are already free to grow it, smoke it, and sell it. Now

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the government is moving closer to a full commercial market in the drug

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which is still illegal in most countries. As we did Davis reports,

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it could lead to breakthroughs in its medical use as well.

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It is the kind of thing that could land you in serious trouble in most

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countries. But here in Uruguay, growing, selling and consuming

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cannabis is now illegal. The first country in the world to opt for full

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legalisation. Number six, LA confidential. The law allows a

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cannabis club to as -- to have as many as maintain nine plans of being

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strength is and properties. Supporters than i.e. It will boost

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the illegal trade in drugs, quite the opposite. They are attacking the

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business, not the people that consume. You need to attack the

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business, you're taking customers away from crime. Supporters say this

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is more than a charter for hippies, a license to get high. Uruguay is

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now in a unique position to develop and exploit the medicinal uses of

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cannabis as well. Across the border in Brazil, this woman is

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frustrated. She knows that cannabis extract help cut the number of

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severe's epileptic attacks, but getting hold of it is not easy and

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it is not an off the shelf remedy. I am always trying to find people who

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are travelling so they can bring it in front, and when I cannot get hold

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of it, we have to find a career. This is about mission of three parts

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olive oil to one part cannabis oil. Even in some US states like Colorado

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where cannabis is legal, federal law read its medical trials with the

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drug, so some producers are Kieran Uruguay. Once we move beyond

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anecdotal evidence to the clinical trial is about to happen in Uruguay

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everything that happens here is going to be watched very carefully

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by other countries. I believe they will follow suit if good results are

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fined. By awarding licences to two micro companies to grow cannabis

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commercially. Uruguay's radical marijuana legislation is almost

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complete. New businesses are growing and in addition to medical trials,

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tax revenues could be worth millions. Many other countries are

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keeping a close eye on Uruguay's controversial experiment with weed.

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This week saw the tragic loss of the man who was for so long the voice of

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BBC Radio 4, Peter Donaldson. If you're a fine of the channel, you

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will probably know his distinctive sound. He was able to be sombre,

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subversive, or sympathetic with just a change invoice. Much loved in his

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years at the BBC, it led us to wonder what it is that makes some

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voice is so distinctive, authoritative and memorable. We

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asked one of his colleagues what makes a great broadcaster.

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Tonight we are asking have the voices of authority changed? Once

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upon a time it meant and answers in dinner jackets, now they let anyone

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have a go. This is an illustrated summary of the news. It will be

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followed by the latest summary of events and happenings at home and

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abroad. The American Secretary of State has said. Mac I am really

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happy I am on BBC Breakfast in cycling shorts, with a padded crotch

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and agri- singlet. It is all I have ever wanted. Let's remind ourselves

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of our old friend and colleague, the late, great Peter Donaldson. BBC

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news added to clock. Throughout the country, thousands of disembodied

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voices on invading people's homes. Currently the faces behind those

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voices remain unknown. Years ago, I was asked to record some

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announcements in case of nuclear attack. This subsequently leaked out

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to the press and I was dubbed the voice of doom. Now the dead ringer

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himself, John Culshaw. I have heard he does a very plausible Jonathan

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Dimbleby. There are certain news presenters were, if the news has

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been particularly serious, you almost need to hear it from them

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before you believe it in a sense. I am not sure all news presenters can

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achieve that. Peter Donaldson is certainly one of those. If you heard

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it from him, you believed it. If the world was coming to an end, you

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wanted Peter to tell you, and you would have done, because he was the

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voice of the four-minute warning. As to what people thought of me, I do

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not think I have ever asked. The only postcard I received said, what

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do you look like, you sound fight, 50 and balding. We asked the speech

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expert to find out if top people still speak good, like what I do.

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That is unfair. It is my first speech as leader. I have just been

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elected on a massive mandate. I would say he comes across as humble

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and fairly unassuming. He is physically leaning back and his head

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is tilted to one side, which, in animal language, he is slightly

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cowering. It is not a strong, assertive position. He has rather a

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scratchy sense of impatience at the time. He will be questioned, and the

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more that he is irritated with the question, the more angry in the

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interview he will become. There has been a very consistent attempt to

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paint Ukip to be something it is not. He has got a good, resonant

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voice. It is connected to his diaphragm, not stuck in his throat,

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which is great. He knows how to use his words and he is giving emphasis

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on painting a picture. Yes, he has got power as a speaker. He is

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lending his ideas. Good becoming bad, peace, I am out.

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He is the animated mouse who became a cinema giant, but although Mickey

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will always be Walt Disney's most famous creation, he was not his

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first. Believe it or not, that title belongs to Oswald the Lucky Rabbit,

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who was drawn by Walt Disney himself. Now one of the films he

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starred in, lost in 1928, has been rediscovered in Britain and will be

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screened again. Meet Oswald, the Lucky Rabbit, the

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original big eared cartoon creation of a young Walt Disney. This silent

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animated film was thought long last until an eagle eyed experts on

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online reference to an old friend called sleigh bells, and identified

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it as the missing 1920 classic. This is it, the small can containing the

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recently discovered film which for decades has been sitting here at the

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British film Institute National archive. An acknowledged and

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unaccounted for. Let's have a look. This is the only known print of the

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film in the world and it is holding up pretty well for its 87 years,

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even when shown on the big screen prior to the -- prior to being

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digitally rematch that. How significant is this? I do not think

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you can underestimate the importance, both for Walt Disney

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animation and the history of animation. Oswald is the first

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cartoon character to really have personality. It is physical comedy,

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more inventive in the way that they use the character. This is at the

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start of the golden age of animation. The Reds to Oswald were

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owned by the film's distributor, not Walt Disney, who asked to make more

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for less. He refused and on the way turned the rabbit into a mouse.

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Mickey would much to Oswald, both in terms of drawn style and his

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larger-than-life personality. Did you think of these characters as

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comic animals or were you concerned with them as human personalities? I

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would say human personalities, in the body of the cartoon animal. It

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was a winning formula. Oswald, like Mickey, was a big hit and now he is

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making a comeback in this film at the BFI in London in December. After

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more than 80 years lost without trace, he always was a Lucky Rabbit.

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That is all from reporters for this week. From me, Tim Wilcox, and the

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full team in London, goodbye.

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