19/03/2016 Reporters


19/03/2016

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More than 30 people have been injured -

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a number of those are believed to be Irish citizens.

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Now on BBC News it's time for Reporters.

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From here in the World Newsroom, we send out correspondents to bring

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you the best stories from across the globe.

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In this week's programme, on the front line in the war

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Alastair Leithead joins the rangers in central Africa,

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fighting to save the elephants from the ivory traffickers.

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30,000 to 40,000 elephants are being killed in Africa every

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year, and with only around 400,000 left It's not going to be long,

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year, and with only around 400,000 left, it's not going to be long,

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As Saudi Arabia stages what it says is the largest ever military

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exercise in the region, Frank Gardner is given rare access

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This airbase in northern Saudi Arabia is currently playing

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host to a whole variety of war planes from different Muslim

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nations, and it's the first test of the Saudi-led Islamic coalition.

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The Iron Lady of Germany's metal is tested.

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Katya Adler assesses what major losses to the right wing in regional

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elections means for Chancellor Merkel's open-door

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This was more stark warning than boot out the door for Angela

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She still enjoys popularity ratings at home other European leaders

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And man versus machine - as a champion player is beaten

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by a computer, Rory Cellan-Jones asks how concerned we should be

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about the future of artificial intelligence.

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This is not about the rise of machines - it is about

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It's a deadly trade that thrives on Asia's insatiable

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Every year, 30,000 to 40,000 African elephants are killed

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for their tusks, and now fewer than half a million are left.

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Rangers are now virtually fighting a war against the traffickers.

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The situation is worst in a number of African countries,

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with the Democratic Republic of Congo amongst the most dangerous.

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Alastair Leithead joined Rangers in the country's

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Garamba National Park, on the front line in the battle

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It's tough terrain in Garamba National Park,

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where less than 100 Rangers are trying to protect the last

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of the elephants, across thousands of square miles of grassland.

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We joined one of their foot patrols, to a place

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The grass is so high the only way to see a carcass is from the air,

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Well, this elephant was clearly killed by a poacher.

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There are another four of these carcasses spread all around

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They arrived too late to catch the poachers,

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30,000 to 40,000 elephants are being killed in Africa,

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and with only around 400,000 left, it's not going to be long at this

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And with so few boots on the ground, those responsible often get

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away with the ivory.

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We followed their footprints, one of the rangers told me,

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There are perhaps 1300 elephants left here.

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Garamba was one of Africa's first national parks,

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and a World Heritage site, originally set up to protect

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the northern white rhino, but that has already been wiped

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Now they are fighting to save the elephants that are left,

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in a place surrounded by civil war and heavily armed militia.

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And that's why African Parks, the group managing Garamba,

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This ranger explained how dangerous the work is.

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His patrol was ambushed by 40 men, probably from Sudan,

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Training rangers takes a lot of time and money,

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and the men they are up against are hardened fighters.

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You must just feel like you're fighting a war against poachers?

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I think Garamba is probably the forefront of conservation

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I just don't think there are many other places which have quite

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so many threats to one park as we have here.

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This local man was arrested after a tip-off, and ivory recovered.

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By the time it reaches the market in Asia, it goes for at least ?750.

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Then reports came in of another attack.

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And there are the carcasses, just down there by the river.

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Five of them, one of them a baby, and six we have just spotted

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a little bit further up the river there.

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It is hard to make out from here, but you can see that their faces

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have been cut off and the tusks have been taken.

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They need hundreds more rangers to protect Garamba.

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On the front line of the poaching war, the elephants

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Alastair Leithead, BBC News, in the democratic public of Congo.

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Alastair Leithead, BBC News, in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Saudi Arabia has been accused of not doing enough to help the US confront

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Islamic terrorism in the Middle East.

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But the kingdom has been staging what it says is the largest ever

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20 Islamic countries have been taking part, with thousands

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of troops, tanks and warplanes deployed in the Saudi desert.

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Saudi Arabia says it is currently facing two threats.

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From the so-called Islamic State in the north, and from Yemeni

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rebels to the south, reportedly backed by Iran.

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Frank Gardner has secured rare access to the Saudi air force's

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operation centre, and this is his exclusive report.

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Saudi special forces on a desert exercise close to the Iraqi border.

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It is called Northern Thunder, and brings together forces from 20

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It is part of a new assertive Saudi policy in the region,

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but can Saudi Arabia fight two campaigns in two countries

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I know it is exhausting in terms of resources and people.

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Today we face challenges in the South and our force is stretched in

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the north, deployed since 2014. This is why. We feel our national

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security is in danger. Saudi air force jets, like this F-15, have

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been carrying out strikes in both Yemen and Syria, supported by their

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allies like Jordan and Bahrain, but they have also sent warplanes to

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this exercise. This base in northern Saudi Arabia is currently playing

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host to a whole variety of warplanes from different Muslim nations, and

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it is the first test of the Saudi led Islamic coalition set up last

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year. The Saudis help us it has two names, to confront terrorism and

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combat what they see as the reigning expansionism in the Middle East. --

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Iranian expansion. Civilians have also been killed in Yemen, drawing

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international criticism. What would you say the international human

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right groups like Medecins Sans Frontieres who say that civilians

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are being killed in large numbers in Yemen? We regret this general

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statement which, let's say, deceased audience. Because... The hospitals

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have been hit three times? Today, as I will tell all the friends of the

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media, there is no single accident that has happened without

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investigation. We investigate when there is a result, and we publish

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this result. We make sure we have very clear intelligence. We use very

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precise methods. One of them is one the UK sent to us. Why do we use

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very expensive weapons in such operations? To make sure we have a

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surgical operation, that we hit the target without collateral damage. We

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record every single -- regret any single injury, but this is a war.

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Stunned by growing international opposition to the air strikes in

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Yemen, the Saudis agree to show me their operation centre, where they

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select their targets. This is what they term the no strike list,

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buildings they say are off-limits. Of all the pictures you see on the

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map, they represent the theatre of operation, and if we go to a smaller

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picture that will give the restrictions for those targets,

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which go along with the armed conflict, like the medical services,

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certain places, schools, diplomatic quarters... Saudi Arabia denies its

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warplanes have ever deliberately targeted civilians thought it admits

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there have been mistakes. The manoeuvres and at a wider strategic

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interest than Yemen a loan. The Saudi government want to send a

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message to the region that it has the money and the muscle to read on

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Islamic coalition against what it sees as threats on many fronts --

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Yemen alone. Frank Gardner, BBC News, in the northern Saudi desert.

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After the closure of the Greek border with Macedonia last week,

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migrants are finding other routes into Europe. The EU naval force

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targeting smuggling gangs in the Mediterranean says there has been a

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sudden increase in the number of boats trying to cross from Libya to

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Italy. Gavin Lee joined one of the European ships hunting for migrants

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off the Libyan coast. The daily routine in the battle against

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migrant smugglers. This is an Italian aircraft carrier commanding

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a fleet of five EU warships, in international waters, off the Libyan

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coast. Every day, helicopters searched the skies, reporting signs

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of suspicious activity. The ships have a mandate to seize and destroy

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in the migrant boats, but the presence of these patrols has turned

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the operation into a huge search and rescue mission. In the last hours we

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receive information about the report of a craft, around three migrant

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boats, seem just outside the waters of Libya. Within minutes of the

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boats being spotted, we join the emergency response team searching

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for them. The smuggling business has become routine now. A clear sky and

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a calm sea mean the perfect conditions for this perilous

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journey. We are 40 nautical miles from the Libyan coast and this is

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the daily reality for the patrol teams in the sea. Down below, there

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is a migrant boat with around 100 people on board. It is just being

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rescued by the British HMS Enterprise and people are now being

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processed on the ship. You can see quite clearly they are claiming the

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ladder as they are being rescued, but I am told there are still

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another four migrant boats waiting to be rescued. We flew on the D-mac

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miles from the British ship and spotted this... A boat full of

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people desperate for help, with no life children crouched at the front,

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floating in this vastly -- we flew a few miles. Within an hour, HMS

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Enterprise representatives managed to get to the stranded boat. Eight

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migrant boats were picked up today, 900 people were rescued. The highest

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in a single day so far this year. But there is growing criticism that

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these EU ships have become a magnet, with smugglers now directing migrant

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straight towards them. We have to think about, what if we were not

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here? Patrolling, creating deterrence and able to support those

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in danger. I am afraid that a good percentage of the migrants we have

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saved maybe will not be -- would not be a live any more if we were not

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there to rescue them. -- alive any more. Senior commanders say migrants

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are in Libyan safe houses waiting to cross as the weather improves, and

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Navy officials here claim the recent closure of the border at Greece and

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Macedonia will lead to more people choosing this far more dangerous

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route by sea in the days to come. Gavin Lee, BBC News, off the coast

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of Libya. Whether migrants manage to reach Europe by the Italian coast,

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through Turkey or Greece, many will still be heading for Germany. The

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German Chancellor Angela Merkel has insisted she will not change her

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policy on allowing significant numbers of migrants into the

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country. Despite her party's losses in regional elections. The anti

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immigration party alternative for Germany won its first seat in the

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states that voted last week and Katya Adler now assesses what this

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means for Mrs Merkel's open-door policy on migrants. Iron Angie is

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one of the German Chancellor's nicknames. The migrant crisis has

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shown her metal like never before. Where there is a will, there is a

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way, she has insisted. She needs her will and her way. No border

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closures, no refugee limits for Germany. A policy she is sticking

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to, despite rising public pressure. I believe the approach is right, she

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said in Berlin, though she admitted... TRANSLATION: The

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dominating topic in the vote was refugees and the refugee policy and

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the fact that people believe this issue has not yet been solved

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satisfactorily. But be careful about reading too much into these regional

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elections. Despite some of the doom laden headlines you're probably

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coming across, this was more stark warning than boot out of the door

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for Angela Merkel. She still enjoys popularity ratings at home other

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European leaders would dream of. Many of her countrymen believe she

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is out of touch with fast changing events here. The arrival of a

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million asylum seekers in Germany and the effect that is having on

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their lives. Enter the right-wing populist AFD party which plays on

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popular fears of refugees. This is one of its campaign posters,

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demanding better for German wives and daughters, a reference to the

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attacks here linked to migrants. The party secured a seat in all three

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state parliaments, the best result of any German right-wing populist

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party since 1945. Considering World War II sensitivities here, it has

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lead to a major storm. The public face of the AFD was on the

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defensive. She told me the migration crisis was not caused by her party.

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They were offering solutions. One idea of yours that made the

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headlines all over Europe was the idea of the German Army pointing

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their weapons at migrants on the border of Germany? Which again would

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be helpful. It would be helped to read the original interview. I never

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said that I see the German legislation which is a very last

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resort makes it possible to use weapons. I never said against

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people, I said to use weapons if there is no other way. The AFD is

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making a lot of noise in Germany at the moment. But this is especially

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because yesterday's regional vote is seen as significant a head of a

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German General Election next year. Can Angela Merkel afford regional

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upsets in the long run? This is a blip, in my opinion. She the fleet

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appears weakened, but she is not damaged beyond -- obviously appears

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weakened. She is canny and knows Germans appreciating the nudity and

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stability. She will keep pushing migrant politics her way in Europe

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and hope for the best. Katya Adler, BBC News, Berlin. Donald Trump had a

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much better week than Angela Merkel with big wins in the race for the

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White House. During the campaign, the Republican presidential

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frontrunner's comments against Muslims and immigrants may have

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offended many, but did you know his own mother was a migrant from Lewis

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in Scotland? Steven Smith has been to the Scottish isle to see what

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locals there make of their distant American relative. FATHER TED THEME.

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Richard peat and DeLaet heritage, and totally charming. No wonder

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Donald Trump likes to boast of his links to Lewis. His mother came from

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here -- rich in peat and its Gaelic heritage. How have the values of

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these hard-working and plain speaking folk shaped the billionaire

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developer? They are not ones for fun fearing themselves here. I am really

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rich, I should say that. Your position in life, you are treated as

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an equal. We want with poorly educated, I love the poorly

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educated! The tycoon visited his mother's old home back in 2008,

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spending as much as a minute and a half inside the pedal dashed croft

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house. All in all, he clocked up almost three hours on the peaty

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Lewis salt. Sign in all its like the women come back and the main goat to

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make a buck, and it is very tough to find the time to come back, but this

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just seems like an appropriate time. I wanted to see it.

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# I don't mind the politicians, I don't mind the rain... Putting the

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folk into focus groups, the sponge in Stornoway were among the few

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willing to share their thoughts about Mr Trump. He does not behave

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as people up here would behave. He is extremely full of himself which

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people here are not. They are quite modest, really. Do you know anything

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about the family? What are they like? They do not play on it? Not at

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all. They are just normal people. The qualities I would hope they

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would take from these islands are the qualities of kindness, being

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accepting of others regardless of their religious beliefs, regardless

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of what country they are from. Donald Trump is a chip off the old

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block. He can trace his ancestry to these ancient standing stones. He is

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from Lewis, to a point, but it would be stretching things to say that he

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is of Lewis. But just as we were leaving, saying... Pot of gold,

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attended by mystery and folklore. Who does that remind me of? Finally,

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it was seen as the ultimate battle between man and machine and it seems

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the machine won, this time anyway. A computer programme designed by

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Google comprehensively beat a human champion of the ancient Chinese game

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of Go. Winning the match by four games to one. As Rory Selin Jones

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explained, this raises new questions about the power of artificial

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intelligence over human beings -- Cellan-Jones. An epic contest

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between man and machine, against an artificial intelligence programme

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that teaches itself to play ever better. At the end of the final

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game, his face told the story. Although he had fought hard and even

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won once, the machine, Alpha Go, came out on top. No triumphalism

:21:26.:21:29.

from the designer behind it but instead a note of caution. As with

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all powerful technologies, they bring opportunities and challenges,

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and we have to make sure that as developers of these kind of systems,

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all AI developers around the world, we think about the ethics. It is are

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defending lots of practical uses. Better voice recognition software is

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one. Cambridge is one of the world's leading centres in the development

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of artificial intelligence. At Microsoft's Cambridge research lab,

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you might think this was downtime. In fact it is serious AI research.

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Scientists here are using this game to test how AI programmes operate in

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a complex virtual worlds. The idea is to teach the AI how to interact

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with people and objects. The programme is all about augmenting

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the skills... Another example, a system using AI to examine scans of

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brain jewellers, and give doctors more information. The researchers

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here insist it is all about collaboration, not competition --

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brain tumours. I think we have a choice. We are in control of the

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technology and can choose different futures. I think we should avoid

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that dystopian future of machines versus humans but I think we should

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make a conscious decision to create AI at the deep partnership between

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humans and machines for the betterment of humanity. This is not

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about the rise of machines. It is about the rise of humans. One of

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Britain's leading scientists says the sheer pace of change means we do

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need a debate. There is a balance between science and science fiction

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and we do not know quite where that lies but certainly some people are

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raising concerns that a computer, as it were, might call Roker, and if we

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have the Internet of things, the computer could act with the real

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world by bypassing human agency and obviously if that happened that

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could potentially be highly risky -- a computer could go rogue. It was

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not a computer would take another ten years to be a professional Go

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player. AI has brought its potential and risks into focus. That is all

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from Reporters this week. From me, Philippa Thomas, goodbye for now.

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Hello there. It has been a great day once again for most of us today and

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I will show you the satellite picture which tells the story of the

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day quite nicely. You can see the extent of the cloud, looking a

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little like it might break across southern

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