22/05/2016 Reporters

Hello and welcome to Reporters. We send our correspondence to bring the

best stories romp across the world. This week, inside one of Europe's

biggest jails. Overcrowding, drugs, violence and corruption is some of

the challenges facing the prison. This place cannot run. It is unfair.

Even some of the staff are in fear. We visit the Republican heartland of

Revere to see how immigration is feeling support for US presidential

candidates. It is the sort of shift that fuels Donald Trump's campaign.

Nuclear options. What lessons can be learnt from Finland. Whether French

art building reactor similar to the one to be built in the UK. It is

designed to create more energy than before. And the sight of the holy

land where Christ is believed to have been baptised. And finding the

dolphins of the gantry. We discover how the creatures are surviving

despite the pollution. This has been extraordinary. I never expected to

see as many dolphins as we have seen that. This river is capable of

supporting these wonderful animals. The British government is promising

the biggest shakeup since Victorian times of the prison system in

England and Wales. It comes as concern about safety standards have

intensified. Too many dales are not fit for purpose. Six present will be

overhauled. Ed Thomas has spelt weeks in one of them. This is his

insight story. This is was was worth, the BBC has

been given unprecedented access. Over seven days we saw the fear and

violence. There is one person, the wing looks secure. If you cannot

defend yourself, you become victim. The drugs eating addiction inside

stop it is easy to get Cabinet is. -- cannabis. The prison officers

pushed to the very edge. I have been more stress than in the past 24

years. It is the second alarm of the day. The prisoner has refused to go

back to his cell. 20 years ago, the inmates murdered man in fight. These

his his 38th jail. We cannot identify him but he told us he was

trapped in cycle of violence. I got attacked by 15 people. I have three

broken bones in my hand. I have murder is here left, right and

centre. I need violence for my safety. They are so shortstaffed in

here. It is unsafe. A lot of staff are in fear. That smell of

cannabis... E Wing and the smell of cannabis is everywhere. It is

overwhelming, especially up here stop then we see yet, the group

smoking below us, in full view. There is no order left. Imagine if

they cannot get it next week Bass where can you get cannabis? From

anywhere. I can get you some. Obviously, it is not good. It

defeats everything we are trying to do. You have the cannabis. You do

not have to look far to find drugs. Take Ashley, he has only just

arrived but he says all drugs are available at all times. You can get

spice, heroin, crack, anything you like. All we have to do is go and

everything is there, anything you like. There is the alcohol. This

spice, they synthetic illegal high. They are worth 80,000 pounds. And

the mobile phones. All smuggled into the prison. Who brings them in?

Officers, other prisoners. This prisoner asked us not to show his

face. He wanted to talk about corruption. Are you just saying that

to get the officers in trouble? Of course not. We can get free tennis

balls, full of drugs from wherever you want. The BBC was invited here

to hear these stories, to see the pressure from the governor who is

demanding change. The one thing that I absolutely cannot stand, one of

the first things we need to do is to think carefully about how we deal

with the issues of corruption an deal with some of the issues

highlighted last week. Halon will this prison reform take? -- how

long. The pressure is building an officers are getting hurt. He was

the victim of an assault. My wife worries. She would like me out the

job. This officer, for him, it cannot get any worse. I care. I want

to make the difference. I believe my staff want to make the difference

but we are struggling. What is happening to your mental health? I

do not think people care. But what is happening to US make eye on as

stressed as I have been in 25 years. -- what is happening to you? And the

desperately needs reform now. This prison revolution, promise to fix

can jails with so many broken lives. At Thomas reporting. There are more

American presidential primaries but for the Republicans of the race to

find the nominee is over. Attention is now focused on the general

election and the party 's controversial candidate, Donald

Trump. He will have to widen his appeal and bring in voters who might

not normally vote Republican. We have been to Revere, named after one

of the heroes of the American war of independence. Revere has fiercely

Independent streak. In 1775, the Forbath attacked the British. In

2016, they handed the businessman Donald Trump his biggest primary

victory in the State. Amid clouds of smoke in the local cigar shop, we

found little faith that politician will help working people.

Republican. You will vote for Donald Trump. Do you like in? I do. But it

is also disliked for her. I believe she is everything politician should

not be. Revere struggles. Unemployment is above average and

there is little spare cash. You do not have to spend long in the town

to hear resentment. It is emblematic of the pressures facing working

class America - specifically, white working-class America. The number of

immigrants has doubled. It is the sort of shift that fuels the Donald

Trump campaign. On Shelley Avenue, couple of blocks from where he was

born, we met John Church. Is never voted before but he likes Donald

Trump. He will definitely help neighbourhoods like this. All the

immigrants that have come in... They have not necessarily taken over but

have made it hard for people who live here, white, in this country,

to work, have the job, have rights. Evidence of the changing population

is everywhere and the newly elected democratic met recognises it it is

largely white Donald Trump did so well. He is offering people an

opportunity to state in this they may feel and think but think not

appropriate to say. He has opened that door for folks and, really,

there is no room for that kind of dialogue in the city or on national

level. Massachusetts is firmly democratic state but Revere is good

test case for whether Donald Tusk Campillo away some of those voters.

People like this man, who voted for Bill Clinton, and like Bernie

Sanders but will not vote for Hillary Clinton. At least he is

antiestablishment. I really like that he is not with them. For all of

Washington to hate him, including the Republicans, makes me happy

because it is someone who is not in bed with these people. Donald Trump

cannot win the White House unless he expands his reach. Getting people

like these may be his best route. President Hollande says that the

plans by the energy giant to build two reactors in Somerset should go

ahead. His comments follow warnings about the costs now estimated at 30

billion dollars. Similar reactor is being built in similar and it is way

behind schedule. Remote shoreline in Finland is at the scene for

long-running saga about nuclear power that is highly relevant to

Britain. The French company is building the first of new design of

reactors they are testing the system that will handle the radioactive

fuel, part of the project that has proved far tougher than expected.

This is the largest nuclear reactor at anyone has ever attempted to

build. It is designed to generate more than two city than any previous

powerstation and it isn't meant to be easier to construct but things

have not worked out that way. It will be nine years late under

current timings. The scale of the work is split Pakula and that maybe

one reason why they have been so delays in construction. --

particular. The operating concept is the same as ait water reactor.

Iranian goes through the chain reaction heating water to create

steam to drive turbines but it also has two sequels of reinforced

concrete to shield the reactor in case of playing hits that. Also

system underneath to track material if there is an meltdown. The control

room is now ready but it has been such struggle to get this far that

the difficult question has come up - is the new reactor to complex to

build was make the contractors denied this. This is achievable. But

it is not working yet. It is not delivering electricity. OK but we

know when we will deliver electricity. We have to test it, it

is normal. I am not sure 90 the lake is normal -- nine year delay. It has

taken so long to build the reactor that the costs have trebled. After

all the delays and problems, what are the risks of all of this

happening again with the construction of two of these in

Somerset? EDF says it has watched the experience here and has learnt

lessons. They believe with better management, they will deliver on

time. They are using 3-D computer models. Mapping every single

component and scheduling literally every task but there is not yet an

example of the new EPR reactor working. This one in Normandy is in

his late as our two in China. Finish power company has had the longest

wait. If you have the choice would you

build another one of these? We will come back to that question when we

have this up and running. You want to see this running first? Let's

return to that question when this is in operation. It's now down to a

painstaking check of hundreds of miles of cable. B power station is

supposed to be working in a couple of years, that does now seem

plausible. But what matters for Britain is weather the task will

become any easier. David Shukman, BBC News, in Finland. The

self-declared Republic of Somaliland is not internationally recognised

but it's rated 25 years of independence this week. It has a

population of more than 3 million people and while poor it regards

itself as a stable country in the Horn of Africa. A long-running

regional drought has put millions of people in need of urgent

humanitarian assistance. Camels are considered drought resistant, but

recent dry conditions have threatened their survival in the

Horn of Africa. These ones are just skin and bones

with little milk for their owners or even for their young. Communities in

rural Somaliland need their livestock for meat and milk, even

for cash if they can sell them. TRANSLATION: I've lost about 40

goats, six camels and a calf. The rest are weak and sickly, they are

of no use to us. Not far away in another Homestead,

the stories are just as grim. It's the worst drought in her memory.

TRANSLATION: I had 200 goats, sheep and camels. But now there are only

two sheep left. The Regent's Park expanses have been parched because

of poor rain supply in recent years. It's posing a major threat to

the livelihoods of these pastoralists. Over the past two or

three weeks there has been some rain here and that's why there's this bit

of greenery, but the rain has also washed down these carcasses and lots

are littered around here, a sign of the harshness of the recent

drought. The people here fear that if the current rainy spell doesn't

last then they might lose more of the livestock they depend heavily

on. The rain should come as a relief but it's brought with it I bet me

and disease, which are killing even more animals. A lot of work needs to

be done on keeping animals alive and that requires vaccinations and

treatments because at the moment, you can see the livestock are in

terrible condition. We need restocking, the many people that

depend on livestock have lost much at the moment, there simply aren't

enough livestock around to sustain them in the future. But the new

moisture in the ground has brought some hope for farmers, the few who

can afford it paid to have tractors till their land. This could be the

lifeline they in these uncertain climactic conditions.

The British team mining charity the Halo Trust has been given the

go-ahead for a major project to clear explosives from seven churches

in the West Bank. They are at the site where Christ is believed to

have been baptised and were heavily mined by Israeli troops nearly 50

years ago. No one has set foot inside them since then. Caroline

Wyatt reports from the banks of the River Jordan. A place where pilgrims

fear to tread among the churches that has built over 1000 years ago,

one of Christianity's most sacred sites.

This became a battlefield, mind and booby-trapped by Israeli soldiers

almost 50 years ago, sewing a deadly harvest in fields that have lain

empty ever since. But at last the British charity the Halo Trust has

won the backing of all the churches represented here to demine and make

the area safe for work shippers once again. Here amongst these churches

we see a death -- worshippers. There is a silence here, there's nothing

happening here because human beings can't do what human beings should

do, which is to be here and worship in safety. The hope is for a rebirth

for this troubled area in the occupied territory of the West

Bank, where more than 3000 pilgrims come here each year to immerse

themselves in the waters of the River Jordan. It's where the Bible

is suggested Jesus's ministry on earth began. In the father, the sun

and the holy spirit. Let's do it twice, baby. It's got to stick! The

minute we started coming into the complex it got really emotional

because this is where it began. This is one of the most significant sites

in the Christian world and pilgrims come here from around the globe to

see where Christ himself was said to be baptised. But many pilgrims would

like to go and visit the churches here just a few hundred metres away

but they can't because of the minefields. 1 million square metres

will need to be made safe with thousands of deadly mines known to

be under this treacherous sifting, shifting soil. The polyps politics

of the holy land meant many negotiations with the Israeli

government and the Palestinian Authority. They have all agreed to

the project in a place where religion too often divides. I think

this would be a contribution to not only peace but also to

reconciliation. The Halo Trust hopes to start its

work by Christmas, but the charity must still raise much of the cash.

Some ?3 million to help make safe this place of pilgrimage so brutally

scarred by war. Caroline Wyatt, BBC News.

India has launched an ambitious $3 billion programme to clean up the

Ganges, India's greatest and most sacred river. It's a huge

challenge, not least because the river is literally a sewer carrying

away waste from 450 million people. But it's also home to a rare dolphin

that somehow survives despite the pollution. Justin Rowlatt has been

out along the river in search of the elusive creatures.

Vara Naseem is the holiest city in all of India. But just take a look

at this. It is also a huge source of

pollution. -- Varanasi. The ancient practices of Riverside cremation are

one tiny part of it. A far bigger problem is the waste of the living.

We can only treat a third of the sewage. The city generates more than

300 litres of waste and 100 million litres are treated. The rest goes

straight into the Ganges. The figures elsewhere on the river are

even worse. Independent studies show 80% of sewage is untreated.

The government says it plans to build massive new waste treatment

infrastructure. Environmentalists say it can't come soon enough for at

least one key species. We've come down to the Ganges and

the hope was that we might be able to spot the incredibly rare Gangetic

dolphin. And incredibly within minutes of arriving here I saw the

dorsal fin on one of them break the water. Now, the real challenge I

think is going to be filming them. We've hired a little boat, this is

it. Hello! And this is Sanjay, the cameraman. Sanjay, how difficult do

you think it will be to film the Dolphins, we've seen a couple,

haven't we? It's very tough because they pop up suddenly. This is Mr

Askar, and you're an expert on Gangetic dolphins, you work for the

worldwide life fund, and one of your projects is to protect the animal,

how rare is the Gangetic dolphin now? The Gangetic dolphin is an

endangered species and it is pretty rare to spot these animals. But

today there seemed to be dolphins all around us. Six, seven... Seven

simultaneously over there, look. They have to surface every two

minutes or so to Brive. The challenge is getting where they're

going to be. But after a bit Sanjay gets his eye in and then just look

at this! This has been extraordinary. I never

expected to see anything like as many dolphins as we've seen and it's

such incredibly good news, because what it tells us is this river is

capable of supporting these wonderful animals. And it also shows

us what's at stake, why it's so important that the Indian

government's efforts to clean up this river succeed.

Justin Rowlatt, BBC News, Varanasi. That's all from Reporters this

week. From me, Ben Bland, goodbye for now.

If your Saturday was cloudy, wet at times, for Sunday,