31/01/2018 Victoria Derbyshire

Hello, it's Wednesday, it's 9am.

I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

welcome to the programme

Donald Trump says US politicians

must work together to rebuild

American industries and fix

the country's immigration laws.

In his first State of the Union

speech, the keynote address used

by the President to set the agenda

for the coming year,

Mr Trump said he was making

America great again.

Since the election, we have created

2.4 million new jobs,

including 200,000 new jobs

in manufacturing alone...

Tremendous numbers.

Plus - thousands of

teachers in England

are leaving their jobs

because

of the workload and a report

from a group of MPs says

the Government is failing to get

a grip on this "brewing crisis".

Have you quit teaching

cos of the stress?

Let me know.

And have a look and listen to this.

Hello. Amy!

The incredible sound of a killer

whale mimicking human speech.

Even more incredible,

Scientists say one day,

actual conversations with killer

whales could be possible.

Hello.

Welcome to the programme.

We're live until 11am.

We'll bring you the latest news,

sport and interviews

through the morning.

Later - are you one of those people

with a fitness tracker and do

you try very hard to do 10,000

steps a day?

Is it really a goal worth

striving for, or might

there be something better?

And where did that figure come from?

Well, guess what?

It's come from a 1960s

marketing campaign in Japan.

That doesn't mean it's

not an effective way

to keep fit

but is it the most effective way?

We want to hear from you if you have

left teaching. What were your

reasons and would anything make you

go back? The government has been

told to get a grip on retention

rates. Get in touch an e-mail,

Twitter, WhatsApp, Facebook, you

know the drill.

Our top story today.

President Trump has said he's taken

forward his "righteous mission"

to make America great again

during his first year in office.

In his first State of the Union

address, where he sets out plans

for the coming year,

Mr Trump said he'd introduced record

tax cuts for everyone,

the stock market was booming,

jobs were being created and

unemployment was at a record low.

David Willis reports.

Mr President, what is

the State of the Union?

The man who spoke just a year

ago of American carnage

was more upbeat tonight.

Mr Speaker, The President

of the United States!

Handshakes all round and after

a self-congratulatory pat

on the back for the booming economy,

the President called on all

Americans to seek out common ground.

This, in fact, is our

new American moment.

There has never been a better time

to start living the American dream.

Calling on the parents of two

teenage girls who were murdered

by gang members in the country

illegally, the president

turned to the thorny issue

of immigration reform.

He's offering a path to citizenship

for illegal immigrants who came

here as children, in return

for tougher border controls.

So let's come together,

set politics aside,

and finally get the job done.

The United States was winning

the war against Islamic State,

the President said, but all too

often, terrorists had been

captured and then released.

Reversing the policy

of his predecessor, he pledged

to keep the military prison

at Guantanamo Bay open.

This first year of office has been

a tale of two Trumps,

the teleprompter Trump

and Twitter Trump, and going

into his second year,

the President and his party need

more of the former

and less of the latter,

not only in order to push

through his controversial

legislative agenda, but also to

maintain their majority in Congress.

David Willis, BBC News, Washington.

Ben Brown is in the BBC

Newsroom with a summary

of the rest of the day's news.

The Prime Minister has

responded to days of attacks

on her leadership, by declaring

she's "not a quitter".

Theresa May told journalists

there was a "long-term job to be

done" and that she was serving

her country and party.

She made the comments

before touching down

in China on a trade mission.

Mrs May is hoping to strengthen

relations with Beijing,

but said she wouldn't shy away

from the difficult issues.

We can now speak to our

correspondent Stephen

McConnell in Beijing.

Tell us how important you think this

trade mission is for the Prime

Minister, especially with Brexit

looming.

The focus of Theresa May's

visit today in the Chinese capital

will be in the building behind me,

the great Hall of the people, where

she will be meeting with the

premiere and tomorrow with President

Xi Jinping. There was a large

ceremonial welcome before the talks

began. I guess this would indicate

the importance of the Chinese site

also places on the visit. In theory,

they will be talking about trade. I

think many analysts think that for a

country of its size, Britain has a

kind of underperforming trade

relationship with China, coming in

about number eight when you look at

the countries Britain trades with.

Accompanying the Prime Minister, 50

business leaders from areas,

especially the likes of education,

tourism and the automobile industry,

to really try to push along

Britain's trade relationship with

China. Of course the challenge for

Theresa May on this trip is to shake

off questions, especially from the

visiting press back following her

around, regarding her political

fortunes back at home. Sometimes on

these trips, the Chinese government

thinks it is a little strange that

people come here and get asked these

questions rather than talking about

the big picture, as they would see

it, the economic relationship

between Britain and China but

nevertheless, that is what Theresa

May will also be trying to do,

trying to focus on this and we will

be hearing from her later this hour

when she has a brief kind of press

conference with the Chinese premier

and they will be saying at least a

few things about what they hope from

this trip in the coming days.

Thank

you for joining us.

Car manufacturing in the UK has

fallen for the first

time in eight years.

Almost 1.7 million cars

were built in 2017,

3% fewer than the year before.

The Society of Motor Manufacturers

and Traders says demand for new cars

was down at home and abroad.

There are renewed calls to fortify

flour with Bozic acid in the hope it

will protect babies from common

birth defects like stop by Ledava.

-- like spina bifida. A new study

found higher doses of the vitamin in

fresh fruit and vegetables does not

cause harm, as had previously been

thought. The Department of Health in

England says it is considering the

findings, whereas Wales, Scotland

and Northern Ireland already support

the idea.

Two former heads of British

intelligence have told the BBC that

Britain will need to secure a deal

to share data with the rest

of Europe post-Brexit

or face serious problems.

Robert Hannigan

and Sir John Sawers also say it

would be a mistake for Britain

to try to use its strong

position in intelligence

as a bargaining chip in negotiations

over leaving the EU.

A light aircraft that crashed

in Australia on New Year's Eve,

killing five members

of a British family,

had veered significantly

off its intended course,

according to investigators.

Six people were killed,

including the Canadian pilot.

The boss of the flight operator said

the pilot's manoeuvres leading up

to the crash were "inexplicable"

for someone with so much experience.

There is still no clear theory

as to why the plane went off course.

MPs have accused the government

of failing to "get a grip" on a rise

in the number of teachers in England

leaving the profession.

The Commons Public Accounts

Committee said the number

of secondary school teachers had

been falling since 2010.

The Department for Education said

overall there were a record number

of teachers and last year 32,000

trainees were recruited.

A criminal case has collapsed

after CCTV footage emerged of police

firing a taser on a man

with a mental age of seven.

The man had been charged

with assaulting an officer

but the man's mother later

discovered CCTV of the incident.

The Crown Prosecution Service said

the footage showed "rather

different" events to those claimed

by Avon and Somerset Police.

US actor Mark Salling,

known for his role in the TV series

Glee, has been found dead

near his Los Angeles home.

The 35-year-old

was awaiting sentence after pleading

guilty to possessing child

sex abuse images.

US media reports suggest he may

have taken his own life.

A killer whale that can mimic words

such as "hello" and "bye bye"

is thought to be the first

of its kind to copy human speech.

Wikey is a 16-year-old female

who learned to speak a handful

of human words by copying a trainer

at a marine park in France.

Scientists say the ability to learn

new sounds is a sign of intelligence

and is very rare amongst mammals.

Let's have a listen...

TRAINER:

One, two, three!

TRAINER:

One, two, three!

WHALE SNORTS

TRAINER:

One, two, three!

TRAINER:

One, two, three!

WHALE IMITATES SOUNDS

That's a summary of the latest BBC

News - more at 9.30am.

Some of you are really unimpressed

by the killer whale being able to

mimic the sound of humans. Keith

says," please use the killer whale

story as a vehicle to condemn animal

cruelty. This is not entertainment".

Birdie Bird also says, "A talking

wail? No doubt it wanted food but

had no choice but to learn to talk.

Unimpressed. I could never support

captive whales. Hashtag one life,

let them live it". We will talk

about what the wail has learned to

do later and how and what scientists

say it could mean for mammals having

a conversation, they say, at some

point in the future and obviously,

we will feed into that conversation

the fact this is a killer whale in

captivity. Marks and Spencer have

announced in the last minute plans

to close another eight stores in a

move which will "Impact" 468 jobs.

I'm not sure if that means they are

going necessarily or being moved

around but the quote is M&S are

closing another eight stores in a

move that will impact 468 jobs. We

will try to clarify that for you.

A big day in football. Transfer

deadline day but before we talk

about who might be going where, it

was a bad night for Arsenal on the

pitch.

It was. It is clear that the

battle to survive in a friendly

league is going to go all the way to

the wire, only six points separating

the ten teams in the bottom half of

the table now and equally, the race

for the place in the top four is

also finely poised with Arsenal

losing to Swansea last night which

won't help their chances of reaching

the Champions League. That dreadful

mistake from keeper Petr Cech helped

Swansea go ahead in the second half,

gifting a goal to Jordan Ayew. A

late second goal on the night from

Sam Clucas wrapped up a 3-1 win for

Swansea which means they move out of

the relegation zone thanks to

back-to-back wins but as I say,

Arsenal's hopes of reaching the

Champions League have taken another

severe blow. They are now eight

points behind fourth placed

Liverpool who had a comfortable 3-0

win over Huddersfield. Emre Can

scoring the opener from distance.

West Ham and Crystal Palace drew

1-1. Seven more games to come this

evening, the biggest of which sees

Jose

Jose Mourinho and Manchester United

travelling to Wembley to face Spurs.

What about big players signing for

Arsenal on transfer deadline day?

Looks like they need a bit of help!

It's going to be a busy day for

clubs up and down the country and

here at BBC Sport, we will try to

bring you the latest but Arsenal

fans will be waiting list

expectantly. A bit of a rarity in

football, a transfer chain including

several teams, Arsenal after the

Borussia Dortmund striker

Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and the

clubs have agreed terms on a £60

million deal. The player has agreed

a contract but we know that Borussia

Dortmund will not sell him until

they have a replacement which should

be Chelsea's Michy Batshuayi, the

Belgian striker is after regular

first-team football and head of the

World Cup and has agreed a move on

loan to Germany. But Chelsea don't

want to be left short and they have

brought things full circle with a

bid for Arsenal's Olivier Giroud. He

could have sold Bregerie Dortmund's

problems but he is understood to

want to stay in London so with

Arsenal want Aubameyang, they may

have to sell Giroud for less money

than they wanted. Arsenal fans won't

be happy if the deal does not get

done today, especially looking at

Premier League leaders Manchester

city who have reportedly bid around

£50 million for Leicester forward

Riyad Mahrez, after the winger

handed in a transfer request

yesterday. Leicester are saying they

would not want to sell at the moment

and they would want far more money

for the Algerian international, who

was instrumental when they won the

league in 2016. Maybe City will

break their transfer record once

again if they get Mahrez because

only yesterday, they paid a club

record £57 million for athletic Bill

Bauder Bender Aymeric Laporte taking

their summer signing -- signing on

goalkeepers and defenders in the

last 12 months past £200 million,

more money than 52 countries have

actually spent on their defence

budgets in the last year! Spending

set to continue. You can stay with

it on BBC News or the BBC Sport

website.

Good fact! More throughout

the morning.

President Trump has spoken

of a "new American moment"

in his maiden State of the Union

speech to Congress.

It's the keynote speech

where a president sets

out their plans for the coming year.

The Republican leader said

he is "extending an open hand"

to Democrats to work together

to rebuild the country and fix

the immigration system.

He also announced he was reversing

President Obama's decision

to close Guantanamo Bay.

But Donald Trump began

with a very upbeat appeal

for the nation to come together.

That is our new American moment.

There has never been a better time

to start living the American dream.

So to every citizen watching at home

tonight, no matter where you've been

or where you've come from,

this is your time.

If you work hard, if you

believe in yourself,

if you believe in America,

then you can dream anything.

You can be anything.

And together, we can achieve

absolutely anything.

President Trump talked

about his economic achievements -

telling his audience his

administration was building

a strong America.

Since the election, we have created

2.4 million new jobs, including...

APPLAUSE.

Including 200,000 new jobs

in manufacturing alone.

Tremendous number.

After years and years of wage

stagnation,

we are finally

seeing rising wages.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE.

Unemployment claims

have hit a 45 year low.

And just as I promised

the American people

from this podium 11 months ago,

we enacted the biggest tax cuts

and reforms in American history.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE.

And just as I promised

the American people

from this podium 11 months ago,

we enacted the biggest tax cuts

and reforms in American history.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE.

He also outlined his

proposed plans for

immigration reform -

that brought boos from some

parts of the audience.

The fourth and final pillar

protects the nuclear family

by ending chain migration.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

Under the current broken system,

a single immigrant can bring in

virtually unlimited numbers

of distant relatives.

Under our plan, we focus

on the immediate family

by limiting sponsorships to spouses

and minor children.

APPLAUSE.

This vital reform is necessary not

just for our economy,

but for security and for

the future of America.

Mr Trump called on Congress to pass

a law removing foreign aid

from countries that disagree

with the US move to recognise

Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

Last month, I also took an action

endorsed unanimously

by the US

Senate just months before.

I recognised Jerusalem

as the capital of Israel.

Shortly afterwards, dozens

of countries voted in

the United Nations General Assembly

against America's sovereign right

to make this decision.

In 2016, American taxpayers

generously sent those same countries

more than $20 billion in aid.

That is why tonight I am

asking Congress to pass

legislation

to help ensure that American foreign

assistance dollars

always serve American interests

and only go to friends of America,

not enemies of America.

Finally Mr Trump said he intended

to reverse President Obama's

decision to close the Guantanamo Bay

detention centre.

In the past, we have foolishly

released hundreds and hundreds

of dangerous terrorists,

only to meet them again

on the battlefield,

including the Isis leader,

al-Baghdadi, who we captured,

who we had, we released.

So today, I'm keeping

another promise.

I just signed, prior to walking in,

an order directing Secretary Mattis,

who is doing a great

job, thank you...

To re-examine our military detention

policy and to keep open

the detention facilities

in Guantanamo Bay.

As you

The Democratic Party's response

to President Trump's speech came

from Congressman Joe Kennedy,

who said Americans feel

as though they are living

in a fractured country.

We see an economy that makes stocks

soar, investor portfolios bulge

and corporate profits climb,

but fails to give workers their fair

share of the reward...

A government that struggles to keep

itself open, Russia,

knee deep in our democracy...

An all-out war on our

environmental protection.

A justice department rolling back

civil rights by the day.

Hatred and supremacy,

proudly marching in our streets.

Bullets tearing

through our classrooms,

concerts and congregations,

targeting our safest sacred places.

And this nagging, sinking feeling -

no matter your political beliefs -

that this is not right.

This is not who we are.

CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

Let's talk now to Max Foster,

who is a CNN anchor,

and Mattie Dupler, an economics

analyst based in Washington.

Gladstone and the tone firstly. He

was very calm?

He was, consolatory

-- let's talk about the tone,

firstly. Yes, and the economy is

going very well and he has things to

point to, but at the same time his

ratings are very low so he has to

prove all these promises he made

during the campaign Trail are

starting to come true, and he did do

that. It was a very powerful speech,

I think. And it was incredibly long,

but quite compelling, because he had

these characters in the audience

2.2, the North Korean defector, for

example, and you can't help but feel

compassion for them, so he is a

showman and he has lived up to what

he has proved.

What did you make of

it as an economic analyst? The stock

market is booming, unemployment at a

17 year low, etc. But still the

slowest first year approval ratings

for any president,... ?

That is true

but as we have seen in the past

there is always a lag between the

economy actually improving and

people starting to feel that in

their own personal circumstances, so

as we move through this year and the

tax cut begins to really have a

cascading effect on the economy, we

will start to see some of that

optimism improve. We are really only

at the beginning of the impact of

the tax reform bill. This is its

first month of implementation.

People haven't even

People haven't even seen their pay

cheques rise yet because the tables

haven't changed. Next month we will

start to see the real effects of tax

reform. Moving forward, we will

continue to see the profits

continued to come back to the United

States from countries domiciled

here, wage increases as a result,

something the president put out last

night. That wages are starting to

rise, which have certainly been

stagnant for the better part of the

past decade. That is really where

Americans start to take notice of

their own personal circumstances

changing, when they start to see

their pay cheques get bigger and see

their own standards of living rise,

as it we will see a bump in some of

his numbers.

Max, what do you think

about the Democrat response to

President Trump?

You don't hear much

from the Democrat in the United

States, and they have brought on a

Kennedy location at which I think is

interesting as a choice because one

of the great achievements of Donald

Trump was to undermine the

Washington establishment and these

elite families, the Clintons and the

Bushes, and now they're bringing on

the ultimate member of an elite

family, and he did have some very

strong words, talking about bullies

landing a punch. But Donald Trump is

not aiming at that emotional market.

He is saying basically I am

achieving something right now, and

he is quite good at ingratiating

whatever audience he is in front of

any particular time and we will see

what happens later on today. He will

be waking up in a couple of hours,

he will be tweeting, and will that

what he has said in front of

Democrat in this consolatory torn?

Mattie

Democrat in this consolatory torn?

Mattie, in terms of putting America

first, the words from his campaign,

do you think that puts the country

at risk economically in terms of

isolation?

No, I don't, and here's

five. Until last year is pretty much

the United States had to keep

outside on its borders in terms of

businesses who wanted to invest in

the United States. By lowering the

corporate tax rate they will finally

be competitive so really we have

been isolated in our own economic

terms up until last year and what we

are now seeing is saying the United

States, to other countries, wants to

join you in being equally as

competitive in offering not only its

businesses but its workers and

products an equal footing. Up until

this point American businesses and

workers simply have not been

competing in that arena, so I think

we will actually see much more of a

consolatory approach from the

president when it comes to a global

understanding of the way the United

States economy functions alongside

its partners. I certainly think

having a tax code that hasn't been

updated in 30 years now started to

change, we will see a positive

impact for American businesses and

workers.

Still a lot to do in terms

of what he promised he would do when

he became president, building that

wall for example, Max, sorting out

the ageing infrastructure, still

plenty to go?

Yes, and the wall is

crucial to him. I interviewed him a

month after he spoke about that on

the campaign trail and at that point

it was absolutely firm in his mind

he had to do this. It was one of his

big promises from the campaign trail

and he is absolutely prioritising

it. When you talk about the

consolatory tone to the Democrats,

he is saying he will do a deal on

the Dreamers, but saying I have to

have my wall. So he can argue he has

reduced the Isis boundaries in Syria

and Iraq, for example, but at the

same time doesn't talk about how

Isis are making a comeback in

Afghanistan, which will be a big

challenge going forward. There was a

major announcement on a big

infrastructure bill as well. That is

something the Democrats probably can

support and it might get

support and it might get through but

then there is the question of where

does this money come from? For that,

but also the wall and all these

other projects. As ever, there are

so many unknowns with him.

Thank you

very much, Max Foster from CNN, and

Mattie Dupler, thank you very much

for getting up early to speak to a

British audience, Mattie

for getting up early to speak to a

British audience, Mattie, we

appreciated.

Let me read some e-mails from you on

why you have quit teaching. This is

one. "I Retired from teaching the

years ago primarily because of

Ofsted." The Government

inspectorate, as you know. "The Last

inspector was out of touch with

reality and he stated a 14-year-old

pregnant schoolgirls should have

taken more part in the lessons." He

had no concept of her needs of the

difficulties she had been going

through. No chance of me ever

setting foot in a classroom again.

Awkward and jumping through the

hoops was just too much. -- the

workload as a jumping through the

lips. Research suggests many leaving

the profession in England because of

the heavy workload and the

Government is not doing enough to

try to retain those teachers. Also

coming up, we will be talking about

the

the sound of the killer whale.

WHALE MAKES GRINDING NOISE.

WHALE SNORTS.

Scientists say they have claimed

that killer whale to mimic some

human words. We will have more on

the communication skills of these

mammals later on in the programme.

Plus Theresa May's in China on an

attempt to boost trade post Brexit

and we are expecting her to hold a

joint news conference with the

Chinese premier very soon. We will

bring that to you live of course.

Time for the latest news -

here's Ben Brown.

The BBC News headlines this morning:

President Trump has said he's taken

forward his "righteous mission"

to make America great again

during his first year in office.

In his first State of the Union

address, Mr Trump said he'd

introduced record tax cuts

for everyone, the stock market

was booming, jobs were being

created and unemployment

was at a record low.

This is your time.

If you work hard, if you

believe in yourself,

if you believe in America,

then you can dream anything.

You can be anything.

And together, we can achieve

absolutely anything.

The Prime Minister has

responded to days of attacks

on her leadership, by declaring

she's "not a quitter."

Theresa May told journalists

there was a "long term job to be

done" and that she was serving her

country and party.

She made the comments

before touching down

in China on a trade mission.

Mrs May is hoping to strengthen

relations with Beijing,

but said she wouldn't shy away

from the difficult issues.

There are renewed calls to fortify

flour with folic acid in the hope it

will help protect babies from common

birth defects such a spina bifida.

A new study found higher doses

of the vitamin in fresh

fruit and vegetables does not

cause harm as had been

previously thought.

The Department of Health

in England says it's

considering the findings,

whilst Wales, Scotland

and Northern Ireland already

support the idea.

That's a summary of

the latest BBC News.

Time for the sport.

It is a big transfer deadline day

ahead in the Premier League, clubs

wanting to get things done before

tonight's 11pm deadline. Arsenal

will be after some more help after a

disappointing 3-1 defeat to Swansea

last night. Sam Clucas scoring twice

and Jordan Ayew with the other. Help

could be on the way for Arsenal in

the shape of Pierre-Emerick

Aubameyang. They have agreed terms

over a £60 million deal and they may

well have to say Olivier Giroud to

facilitate it. He may be moving to

Chelsea. Their Belgian striker Michy

Batshuayi has agreed a move to

Borussia Dortmund on loan until the

end of this season which will leave

Chelsea fans waiting on the Giroud

deal. Away from football Jake Ball

has been brought in by England as

cover for the T20 squad ahead of the

upcoming triangle series with

Australia and New Zealand, Liam

Plunkett and Chris Jordan both

currently doubts. More after 10am.

Good morning, welcome to the

programme. We're halfway through the

week and this is the scene in

Beijing where we are expecting

Theresa May, the British Prime

Minister, to host a joint conference

with the Chinese premier, in the

next ten minutes or so. There will

be some questions aloud, is my

understanding from journalists, and

we will see what British journalists

asked Theresa May about her future.

We will bring you that live as soon

as it begins.

The Crown Prosecution Service has

been summoned to court

to explain what went wrong

in a human trafficking trial that

collapsed on Friday.

It was stopped after

material from mobile phones

that was disclosed late

cast doubt on the case.

Until its collapse, one

of the accused had been locked up

on remand for over a year and even

gave birth in prison.

This is part of a much bigger issue.

We have been reporting on this on

the programme for weeks now.

Several rape cases have now

collapsed, because of a failure

by police and prosecutors to share

key pieces of digital evidence.

Let's talk now to our our legal

correspondent Clive Coleman.

Phil in the audience a bit more

about this case. -- can you fill in

the audience?

The first thing to say

if this is not a rape or sexual

assault case, when all the focus on

the disclosure issue has been thus

far, this is a people trafficking

case, and on Friday, this case with

three defendants, two women and a

man, was stopped, the CPS decided to

discontinue the case. That followed

the very late disclosure of some

65,000 text messages. In this case,

the woman who had complained she had

been trafficked to this country from

Romania claimed that she had been

trafficked for the purposes of

prostitution and whilst working as a

prostitute here, she had been raped

and as a result, she had become

pregnant. As you say, in fact, it

was the two female dependence in

this case who have spent very long

period in custody, one of them

spending 13 months in custody, as

you say, during which time she gave

birth. On Friday, the prosecution

stopped the case and the judge said

in court on Friday," extremely late

in the day, the defence were

provided with a disclosure of a huge

amount of material which should have

been served months and months ago.

This material fundamentally altered

and undermined the complainant's

account of having been trafficked. "

As a result, the judge has summoned

the CPS to court this morning to

explain failures in the case which

he also described as being the

result of either incompetence or

negligence on behalf of both the

police and prosecutors. With me is

Paul Keleher QC. You were council,

not for the lady that gave birth in

prison but for the other theme

defendant who spent a considerable

amount of time in custody. What went

wrong in terms of disclosure in this

case?

We are still waiting to find

out exactly what went wrong but

basically it's what the judge

described, the very late service of

a huge amount of material which it

appears the police and prosecution

have been sitting on for months.

How

can it happen in a case like this

when defendants are saying, "We know

the evidence is there, on mobile

phones, in messages", how can it be

the case that police and prosecutors

don't get to it for months and

months and people end up spending

time in prison?

The Attorney General

has suggested this is the result

just individuals not doing their job

properly. I'm not in a position to

comment whether that is right or

wrong and it may well be correct but

the real issue is why aren't people

doing their jobs properly? It may

well be that they will say they lack

resources.

There has been a bit of a

narrow focus on this so far,

focusing mainly on rape and sexual

assault cases. You work in the

criminal justice system, in the

court, day in, day out, do you think

it is limited to those cases or is

it broader?

It is much broader than

that, I noted what the DPP said

about the review and in my view, it

is addressing the headlines and not

the problem. Two years ago, the

criminal cases review commission,

which looks into miscarriages of

justice across the system, headlined

in their annual report that

nondisclosure was an ongoing source

of miscarriages of justice and they

wrote an open letter to the Attorney

General saying exactly that. The

question should be, what has been

happening since then?

Thank you for

joining us. There you have it. At

around noon, the CBS and indeed the

police will be called to court and

they will give evidence and be cross

examined as to what went wrong in

this case so we should learn a lot

more about the detail of precisely

how the mistakes, and we know there

were mistakes, how they occurred and

we will report on that as it

develops during the day.

Thank you

for joining us. Let's talk to the

Chief Constable of Surrey Police,

Nick Ephgrave, who is also on the

national police chief counsel,

representing police chiefs on and

justice matters. Chief Constable,

good morning. Why do you believe

relevant material is not being

disclosed?

I think it is true to say

that disclosure has been problematic

for the police service and the CPS

for a number of years but that had

been brought into sharp focus more

recently by the enormous volume of

material that can be stored on

digital devices like mobile phones

and computers and so on. The

challenge I think that has been

brought into focus by the rape cases

and potentially by the case you have

just talked about is how does an

investigator sift through what can

be many hundreds of thousands of

items, looking for relevance, in a

relatively compressed time frame?

That is the challenge that myself

and the Director of Public

Prosecutions and her top team have

been working on, to try to find a

solution which is fit for purpose

for the current climate.

So that is

the challenge for the future but why

hasn't it been happening?

I think

because officers have not had the

ability or time or even the

investigative mindset to think

beyond the narrow parameters of the

case they are trying to put

together. With digital

together. With digital media in

particular, people tend to live

their lives in the virtual world is

now so almost every thought and

message and communication is

recorded and broadcast.

Investigators need to recognise that

and start to cast the net wider when

looking for what might be a

reasonable line of enquiry which is

the mindset change we are trying to

effect at the moment.

Forgive me but

that sounds really obvious. I mean,

the Attorney General on the radio at

the weekend, the top legal person in

England and Wales, said there is no

excuse, whether it is mindset or

time, it is a basic requirement of

police officers and a Crown

prosecutor 's duty to do this as

well as a legal requirement.

We

understand the challenge.

No, sorry,

go on.

We understand the challenge

and we are trying to work out how to

practically apply what are very

sensible pieces of legislation and

guidelines in a world where even a

basic, what you might call, normal

crime investigation might involve

the seizure of a number of digital

devices upon which many hundreds of

thousands of messages.

You don't

just not do it.

But you have to work

out how to prioritise the material

you've got and follow what might be

considered reasonable lines of

enquiry but they need to be wider

than simply those which might tend

to implicate the individual you are

investigating. You have two expand

your thinking to consider all the

possibilities including third party

material. So much material now is

held by other organisations about

all of us.

Some of this, I'm again,

sorry, it seems obvious, the Liam

Malone case, he was on a programme

before Christmas -- the programme

before Christmas and the prosecutor

was told, not even his own defence

team, the prosecutor was told by the

police that there is digital

evidence but it is not relevant to

the case. It clearly was.

I'm not

trying to defend what has happened

in the past. I don't know the

details of every failing case but

what I'm trying to describe is that

we take this extremely seriously,

and we have to find a way forward.

What we can't do and what I think

everyone in the criminal justice

system would probably agree on is we

cannot get to the point where every

single piece of digital equipment is

examined in its entirety because

that would, in my professional

judgment, grind the system to get

old.

The alternative is miscarriages

of justice.

So we need to find a way

through the conundrum which is what

the action plan we have agreed with

the Crown Prosecution Service is

designed to do, it is trying to find

a reasonable way to balance that

off. How do we find relevance in an

enormous stack of material?

The

Director of Public Prosecutions, as

you know, said she did not think

there was anyone in jail right now

who should not be as a result of

evidence not been disclosed. The

truth is she can't possibly know

that. What is your view?

I can't

possibly know that.

So there could

be?

Of course there could be but my

take on it is what we have seen, is

trialled collapsing and it not being

convicted is because of disclosure

coming late and that is what we need

to fix but the disclosure is coming.

We need to try to bring the whole

relevance and reasonable lines of

enquiry argument much further

forward in the investigative process

so people are not, and I understand

how terrible it must be to have

something hanging over for you --

hanging over you for your raw do as

you have highlighted, the challenge

for us is to make sure the test is

applied much sooner and that will

require, frankly, the cooperation

not just of the police and CPS but

also the defence teams of clients

because we need to understand what

they think might be relevant so we

can focus on those areas and devices

which may well help their

prosecution or defence of the case.

Thank you for joining us. The Chief

Constable of Surrey Police, Nick

Ephgrave.

Remember the so-called

War on Terror?

For 13 years, the UK was involved

in the conflict in Afghanistan

against the Taliban,

an ultra-conservative and religious

organisation accused by the USA

of sheltering Osama Bin Laden,

who planned the 9/11 terror attacks.

But did it make any difference?

A wide-ranging BBC study has found

Taliban fighters are now openly

active in 70% of Afghanistan.

More than 15 million people

are living in areas -

coloured here in red -

that are either controlled

by the Taliban or regularly

suffer Taliban attacks.

The darker the colour, the more

frequent the Taliban attacks.

Our reporter Auliya Atrafi

has been to Helmand Province

where the Taliban are most active.

GUNSHOT.

We just got fired at by the Taliban

from that direction and now

the police are returning fire.

This is the front line,

and it shows how volatile it is.

It's not always a frontal assault,

but both sides need

to prove their presence,

even during the daytime.

This is a makeshift camp housing

thousands of families

that fled the fighting

in the neighbouring districts.

These members of displaced

families are direct victims

of the ongoing fighting.

We are going to pause there for a

moment and bring you the rest of the

film later. In Beijing, British

Prime Minister Theresa May is about

to give a joint news conference with

the Chinese premier. TRANSLATION:

Prime Minister Theresa May, ladies

and gentlemen. On this occasion, I

want to once again warmly welcome

Prime Minister Theresa May on her

official visit to China. We just

co-chaired the Prime Minister's

annual meeting. During our meeting,

we had in-depth discussions on a

wide range of issues, China - UK

trade, investment, the international

situation, people do people

exchanges between our two countries

-- people to people. And also,

issues like intellectual property

rights, human rights and other

issues.

We exchanged views on all these

topics, and we have come to agree on

the following. First, China and the

UK, as major economies in the world,

are committed to upholding

free-trade and pushing forward

economic

economic globalisation, and the

process of promoting free trade will

improve relevant rules and to enable

free trade to benefit not just our

two countries, but more countries

and peoples.

We agreed that we will work to

maintain the momentum of continued

growth in our bilateral relations.

To further our relationship in the

golden era.

We witnessed the signing of

intergovernmental cooperation

agreements in areas of trade,

investment, people to people

exchanges, where we have delivered

substantial results. And the two way

opening up between China and the UK

will go even further and China will

open even wider to the UK.

And in line with our agreement,

China will expand openness to

products of the UK including

agricultural products.

China will import UK products that

are needed in the Chinese market.

We both face a complex and volatile

international situation.

We believe it is important for us to

uphold world peace.

We are willing to work together more

closely in the UN and strengthen our

coordination and collaboration, and

we share the responsibility to

uphold world

uphold world peace.

Brexit is a situation that both our

countries

countries face, but for a very long

time our bilateral relations have

been going forward

been going forward continuously, and

our bilateral relationship will not

change with the changes of the EU

and UK relations, and we will have

assessment and discussion on our

trade

trade relationship to make our

economic and trade relationship go

forward.

We believe that as countries of

different cultural backgrounds and

national circumstances, our two

countries, in our relationship,

respect each other and treat each

other as equals, and we are able to

have candid discussions. So Prime

Minister and I had an in-depth and

candid discussion on a wide range of

issues. We exchanged views in an

in-depth manner on these topics and

we

we agreed with respect for

international law and each other's

circumstances, and on the basis of

equal footed dialogue we can again

have further communication on issues

of mutual interest, and through such

dialogue address our differences and

disagreements that we may have.

But these differences and

disagreements only happen from time

to time. They are not the mainstream

of our bilateral relations, and they

will not be allowed to affect the

larger picture of this relationship.

I'm sure this relationship will go

forward smoothly.

Later, we will have a meeting with

the businessmen. We hope that our

consensus could be implemented in

the business community and at the

practical level.

Now, the Prime Minister is visiting

China in winter, but this spring is

just around the corner.

I always believed that in our

bilateral relationship we don't have

winter at all. What we have is

spring and beautiful Spring scenery.

Thank you. Now the floor is yours,

Prime Minister.

Thank you very much,

premiere, and I'm very pleased to be

in Beijing on my first official

visit to China and although I may be

visiting in winter I have had the

warmest of welcomes, for which I am

very grateful, and I welcome the

opportunity we have had today to

discuss a wide range of topics in an

open way, important issues, which

face us both, and I look forward to

continuing that discussion over

dinner tonight and with President Xi

tomorrow. I am pleased we have

agreed to strengthen the golden era

of UK and Chinese relations. We are

both global powers with a global

outlook, and you made reference,

Premier Li, to the UK leaving the

European Union. As we do so and

become ever more outward looking,

and as China continues to reform, we

are committed to deepening our

strong and vital partnership, and

our relationship is indeed broad and

deep, and it delivers real benefits

to both countries.

We are working together to tackle

global and regional security

challenges such as North Korea,

modern slavery, threats to aviation

security, to build sustainable

economies of the future and enhance

our bilateral trade and investment

relationships, and develop our

strong educational and societal

links, and I were just like to see a

few more words of detail on each of

these. -- I would just like to say.

TRANSLATION:

And on the capacity of

steel...

LAUGHTER

We did indeed. As fellow permanent

members of the UN Security Council

and the T20 we are committed to

jointly addressing global

challenges. Indeed, steel is one of

those challenges the T20 has

discussed. We're also committed to

protecting and promoting the rules

-based system. We have said we have

discussed North Korea. Agree the

pursuit of nuclear weapons is

reckless and poses a threat to

national and international skewered

and we have agreed the UN sanctions

are vital to persuade the North

Korean regime to change course and

abandon its illegal activity. We

have agreed today new measures on

aviation security, designed to

improve aviation security standards

in both the UK and China, by sharing

more information and undertaking

visits to share best practice and

observe standards of implementation.

And we will also do more together to

tackle the scourge of modern

slavery, to disrupt and prosecute

the organised crime groups

responsible, and to protect victims.

And we will begin new joint work to

tackle other forms of serious

organised crime, including the

illegal supply of synthetic drugs.

We have discussed how our economies

have complementary strengths. Trade

between our two countries is already

at record levels, worth over £59

billion. UK exports to China have

grown by over 60% since 2010. And

the UK is already one of the largest

European recipients of Chinese

foreign direct investment. The UK is

the world's largest exporter of

financial services and UK firms are

leaders in China's market. We are

committed to deepen our trading

relationship even further and are

ambitious for what our future trade

relationship will be, so we work

together to explore all options to

deliver a high level of ambition for

that future trading relationship,

and we have today launched a joint

trade and investment review to

identify priorities for promoting

growth in goods, services and

investment. As Premier Li has

referred to, later today there will

be the inaugural meeting of the new

UK China CEO Council which will

bring together business

bring together business leaders to

bring together corporation. We have

also agreed new measures to improve

market access in China and remove

barriers to trade. This involves the

lifting of the ban on British beef

exports within the next six months

and an agreement to allow the export

of a broader range of dairy products

from the UK to China. We have also

agreed to open up the Chinese market

to enable our great UK financial

services expertise to reach more

Chinese consumers. We will be

pleased to welcome a significant

number of major new commercial deals

due to be agreed during this visit,

expected to total over £9 billion,

creating and securing jobs and

prosperity both here and in the UK.

We have welcomed the opportunities

provided by the Belgian fraud

initiative, to further prosperity

and sustainable development across

South Asia and the wider world --

Belgian Road initiative. The UK is a

natural partner for the Belgian

initiative with our unrivalled City

of London expertise. As I have

discussed with Premier Li, we have

discussed how the UK and China will

continue to work together to

identify how best we can cooperate

on the Belgian initiative, across

the region and ensure it meets

international standards. We will

work together to encourage free and

fair trade, establish a multilateral

trading system, and build a global

economy that works for all. As

partners committed to global free

trade, as our companies innovate and

develop new products, they are

confident their intellectual

property rights will be fully

protected, including against cyber

threats. And, as Premier Li

mentioned and reminded us we have

also discussed overcapacity in

global market centres such as steel

and need to see the T20 requirement

adhered to -- G20 requirements at

YouTube. Our societies share a broad

cultural ties as well and there are

already strong links between the UK

people and China, not just at a

governmental level -- G20

requirement adhered to. The UK has

welcomed 155,000 students from

China, who make a valuable

contribution to our society, as well

as adding an estimated £5 billion

annually to our economy. There are

also now some 9000 young British

people studying and interning in

China, with numbers up by 60% since

2013. Today we have agreed to go

even further on our education

partnership, including by extending

the pioneering Shanghai maths

teacher exchange, the primary school

programme, for further two years to

2020, and expanding the programme to

secondary schools. We have also

agreed to launch a new global

partners 2020 programme to build

better direct links and networks

between our future leaders across

government, business and academia.

So the UK and China are global

partners for the long-term. We are

committed to building on our deep

and mature ties to promote Noble

peace and prosperity in the

21st-century. And I look forward,

Premier Li, to continuing those

discussions.

TRANSLATION:

Thank you.

The floor is now open. BBC...

Thank

you very much, Premier Li.

you very much, Premier Li. Sorry,

dropped my microphone. You are here

to build on the existing important

relationship between the two

countries, but, Prime Minister, on

the journey here acknowledged you

and your Government have to do more

to be convincing, but as we landed

there was more confusion and

accusations about Brexit at home.

What is it that you plan to do

differently and will you stand up to

your critics? If I may, question to

you both. You discussed

international threats. Last night

President Trump proclaimed that

China was a challenge to America.

Prime Minister, do you agree with

him, and, Premier, Li, how do you

respond to that?

On the first point you raised,

Laura, in relation to what the

government is doing both on Brexit

and indeed on our domestic agenda,

on Brexit, we are obviously working

to that future trading relationship

with the European Union. We achieved

sufficient progress in December and

we are now moving on to the next

stage of the negotiations. We are

determined to ensure that we get the

best Brexit deal for the United

Kingdom and that means it will be a

deal that will ensure we take back

control of money, laws and Borders

but we are also able to maintain a

good trading relationship with the

EU for the future because that is

good for both the United Kingdom and

for the European Union. On the

domestic agenda, I mean, if you look

at what we have been doing over the

recent weeks and months, I think

that there are many people in the UK

who want to ensure that they and

their families can achieve the

British dream of ensuring that each

generation as a better future than

the last. For a lot of young people,

that is about owning their own home,

being able to get a foot on the

housing ladder. We have cut stamp

duty for 95% of first-time buyers

and I am pleased to say that figures

out last week showed we have seen

the highest number of first-time

buyers in the last year for a

decade. We have also been ensuring

that young people get the best start

in life with a good quality

education. Nearly 2 million more

children in good and outstanding

schools now. And we also of course

want to ensure through the work we

do to continue to cut the deficit

and to develop a balanced approach

to the economy that we are seeing

good jobs being created,

unemployment is at its lowest level

since the 1970s. Yes, we need to do

more and we need to ensure that we

are talking about what we have

already achieved to those young

people who worry about whether they

will get their own home, to those

parents who are concerned about the

education their children will be

getting, to people who are worried

about the jobs for the future for

their children and that is what we

will be doing and I'm committed to

delivering on that. If you talk

about the role of China, I mean,

what we have been discussing here is

the excellent relations that we have

with our golden era of UK and China

relations but how we can be working

together, not just improving those

links between us which will be of

benefit to people in the UK and in

China but also on delivering and

working together on some of those

global issues such as North Korea

and other issues like modern slavery

which have an impact around the

world.

TRANSLATION:

China has been

committed to upholding global peace

and developing normal state to state

relations with the rest of the

international community and to

promoting enduring peace and

stability in the world and that is

the principal China has followed in

developing international relations.

No matter what changes may happen in

the UK's relations with other parts

of the world, China will remain

committed in its policy of

developing friendly ties with the UK

and I have faith in the brighter

prospects of China and UK ties. Just

now, Prime Minister may and I

co-chaired a new round of the

Premier's Summit and we also

witnessed the signing of some dozen

agreements between the two

countries. I believe that shows the

success of the Premier's summit and

the Prime Minister's visit to China.

As for the United States, I want to

say that we always have eyes on the

common interests between China and

the United States. If one views the

relationship between China and the

US in the overall context, it is

true that there are certain

differences but I am sure that in

the overall context, the common

interests far outweigh our

differences and disagreements. Past

growth of US and China growth in the

past in several decades has shown

that despite the twists and turns in

the growth of the China and US

relationship, which we may not be

able to fully avoid, the China and

US relationship on the whole has

been moving forward and enjoyed

overall stability. Steady growth of

the China and US relationship is in

the interests of the two countries

which are the largest developing and

developed countries in the world. It

is also in the interests of

is also in the interests of the

world. China hopes that the USA...

We are going to leave that press

conference there. You heard from

Premier Li Keqiang and Prime

Minister Theresa May, both talking

about how the UK and China are

committed to deepening our

relationship between the two

countries after Brexit. Theresa May

also talked about their joint

security challenges like North

Korea. She said that both the UK and

China agreed that North Korea's

pursuit of nuclear weapons is

illegal and reckless and sanctions

were vital. Also listed a number of

other things that have been agreed

during this meeting that they have

had so far in Beijing like aviation

security and so on. And then she was

asked obviously by a British

journalist about how she is taking

on her critics at home so she talked

about getting a good Brexit deal and

perhaps inspired by Donald Trump,

she started to talk about people

achieving the British dream of

getting on a housing ladder, good

schools and jobs for the future and

so on. We will bring you more

coverage of Theresa May's trip to

Beijing of course on BBC news

throughout the day.

There's a "crisis brewing"

in England's classrooms

because of the number of teachers

leaving the profession.

And the main reason they're off?

Workload.

That's according to a committee

of MPs, who release a report today

saying the Government has "failed

to get a grip on teacher retention."

Figures last year by the way

suggested that teachers work a

54-hour week on average.

So what needs to change to keep our

teachers in the classroom?

ex-teacher Lucy Rycroft left

teaching because of stress.

Arwel Jones is a head teacher

in London, and Conservative MP

Bim Afolami, on the Public Accounts

Committee behind today's report.

Welcome to you all. Thank you for

your patience. Lucy, what was the

stress that let

you leaving teaching?

As the report

suggests, workload is the number one

and issues to do with support and

not enough professional development

for teachers and for me there was

also a sense that really, my ideas

of what education could and should

be were in direct conflict was what

I will -- with what I was being

asked to do on a daily basis.

Tell

the audience about your workload.

Talk to teachers and they will tell

you they are working enormously long

hours and it is not just the hours

but the amount of time and energy

that takes out of you as a person.

It leaves you with really very

little social life, any family

commitments you have are going to go

down the drain for a while. It is

leaving teachers with an impossible

choice between having a life or a

career.

Aren't most people working

really long hours?

I imagine they

are but having been in several other

professions, I can tell you teachers

are exhausted and on their knees.

Your committee pulls no punches in

this report and you as a

Conservative MP say your own

Department for Education as "Failed

to get a grip on teacher retention"

Department for Education as "Failed

to get a grip on teacher retention".

You talk about the numbers leaving

the workforce and it is not because

they are retiring, it is because of

workload, as Lucy said, and other

issues like housing costs. Why has

the government failed in this area?

The first thing we are saying is

that I think it is really that we

champion teachers and we should do

and we should make sure, and I know

the new Secretary of State 100%

believes this, that teachers are at

the core of what we need to be

championing in our education system

but to take your two points,

particularly the first on workload,

one main thing the report called out

was that roughly speaking, the

department was spending about 15

times as much on recruiting new

teachers compared to retaining the

ones we have. There are about

250,000 trained teachers out there

who are not teaching. Again, a lot

of this is the allocation of

resources that the department is

using an teachers. That is something

the department should look at soon.

In relation to house prices, I

represent Hitchin and Harpenden, and

expensive area of Hertfordshire for

people to live in and headteachers

in my area tell me this is a real

issue. Again, the department needs

to work with DC argy and the

Treasury and departments across

government -- with the Department

for local government, and Treasury

and other departments to make sure

that we can get people on the

housing ladder and focus that

teachers in particular can do it.

If

they take up your recommendations

and spend more money on retaining

people like Lucy, how would you

spend the money in order to retain

her? You heard the reasons she left.

There are a range of different

things and to be fair to the

Department and several ministers in

the last two they have had a series

of different initiatives to retain

teachers.

But they are failing, your

own figures in the report, 2015-16,

40 3000 teachers left the workforce,

your own figures and 39,000 of those

were reasons other than retirement.

-- were for reasons.

I agree a lot

of the initiatives have not worked

so we need a more focused approach

to address the core problems around

workload. Some of those problems,

and I spoke to the schools minister

about this, are partly due to

headteachers across the system not

necessarily having the same view of

what unacceptable workload is for

their team. Again, that is one big

part of it.

Let's bringing a head

teacher, is it partly your fault...?

Thanks, Ben!

That people like Lucy

leaving?

I think it is important

that school leaders take into

account the worklife balance

teachers.

How do you do that in

radical terms? If work has to be

marked and lessons have to be

prepared, how can you alleviate the

teachers workload?

Teachers care

about young people and work on their

behalf. The inordinate amount of new

initiatives that are coming our way

is a major part of the problem.

From

the Department for Education? Give

me an example. Grand Rapids

curriculum and assessment change,

absolutely huge additional workload.

--

curriculum and assessment change.

The majority of schools are good are

outstanding but government asking

them to make efficiency savings and

those good an outstanding schools

are already efficient and doing a

good job for the young people in

them. What does efficiency savings

mean? Support staff have to go, the

teaching assistant you might have in

the class helping with children with

mental health issues.

Do you accept

that as a Conservative MP, having

produced a report which is looking

at the way resources are spent by

the Department for Education, that

asking good an outstanding schools,

any school to make efficiency

savings mean to support staff are

cut, inevitably meaning more

workload on the teacher?

I have this

discussion weakly with my own

teachers in my schools in my

constituency.

So you accept it?

The

issue is, the department, I said

this in the hearings, needs to work

much more closely with schools in

helping manage budgets which the

department feels... The Department

and ministers have made clear that

they don't teaching staff should be

at as a result of the budgets.

It is

easy to say if you don't have to

make those savings.

That is why I

think the Department needs to work

more closely with schools and say,

"OK, we can help you manage your

budget in a way that does not lead

to the kind of things you are

talking about". Not micromanagement.

It sounds pretty patronising!

But it

is important that if the Department

feels resources are adequate, but it

helps schools manage that. Tell me

if you think that is unfair.

The

cost pressures on schools are huge,

increased teacher pension costs,

increased national insurance

contributions, these are having

major impacts on the school system

and they are totally underfunded.

Teacher recruitment -- they are not

funded at all. Teacher recruitment

and retention even more, have been

significantly impacted because the

games for young teachers who want to

start families and buy homes, they

can't afford it in vast areas of the

country.

The Department for

Education said:.

"There are now a record number

of teachers in our schools -

15,500 more than in 2010 -

and last year, despite a competitive

labour market with historic low

unemployment rates and a growing

economy, 32,000 trainee

teachers were recruited.