10/12/2013 BBC News at One

"A giant of history - the last great liberator of the 20th century" -

President Obama pays tribute to Nelson Mandela at his memorial

service in Johannesburg. Almost 100 world leaders past and present are

attending the four-hour service in a football stadium in Soweto. These

are live pictures from the stadium, where driving rain has not deterred

tens of thousands of people who've come to honour Mandela's memory. A

giant of history who moved a nation towards justice and in the process

moved billions around the world. You are just rock by his incredible

grace and forgiveness, -- struck by. People talk about how he reconcile

people after those long years in jail and how he had forgiven

everybody. There has been singing and dancing during the service, many

camped out overnight to ensure a place. In a moment we'll speak to

George Alagiah, who's in the stadium.

Also this lunchtime: heavily criticised, some insurance companies

and pension providers are accused of confusing customers, overcharging

them and offering poor value for money. The PIP scandal - four years

in jail for the French businessman who sold tens of thousands of faulty

breast implants around the world. Comic Relief denies any wrongdoing

following allegations that millions of pounds donated by the public have

been invested in shares in tobacco, alcohol and arms firms. And a

burglar caught on CCTV stealing from a pensioner who was asleep in front

the television. On BBC London News: the Mayor's

Cycling Commissioner says the cycling superhighway programme will

be re-worked and in some cases moved altogether.

And nearly 50 years in prison for the Sikh gang sentenced for a

revenge attack on a retired Indian general.

Good afternoon and welcome to the BBC News at One.

Dozens of world leaders past and present have joined thousands of

South Africans at a stadium in Johannesburg for a memorial service

in honour of Nelson Mandela. Driving rain delayed the start of the

four-hour service - which is still taking place. George Alagiah is

inside the FNB Stadium just outside Soweto for us. Thank you very much.

The first thing I need to say is that I am wearing these headphones

because quite frankly, it is the only way I can hear myself speak,

let alone anybody else. You join me at the FNB Stadium here in Soweto on

a rather wet and called Johannesburg though. That might explain why the

crowd is somewhat less than many people had expected. Perhaps it is

the weather, tabs it is because nobody was given a day off work. --

perhaps it is because. It has been a moment of celebration for the people

in here, people were determined to make sure this was a dignified

sendoff for Nelson Mandela. We have heard from the grandchildren and

family members, but perhaps the highlight of the whole morning has

been the speech from Barack Obama, who has flown to be here, hugely

appreciated by the crowd. At times it has been moving, at times it has

been raucous, but always it has been about this exceptional figure,

Nelson Mandela. By Dawn there were already arriving

at the stadium to give notes on Mandela a lively sendoff. It was a

day of mixed emotions -- to give Nelson Mandela. I am here to say

thank you, I feel like I am crying while I am celebrating, inside my

heart. The mood inside the stadium is rarely sombre, as people give

praise for the man seen by many as the father of the nation. More than

90 heads of state as well as former leaders are here, an indication of a

truly global sense of loss. You are just rock by his incredible grace

and forgiveness, -- you are just struck by. Particularly to hear

people talk about how he reconcile people after all of those years in

jail, that is the thing that struck me most. It poured with rain, but

opening the memorial service, the deputy president of South Africa's

governing party described this as a good omen. We were not able to stop

the rain but this is how Nelson Mandela would have wanted to be sent

off. These are blessings and in our African tradition, when it rains

when you are buried, it means that your gods are welcoming you, and the

gates of heaven are most probably open as well. Amongst the mourners

are many members of Nelson Mandela's immediate family including

his widow, crack and a shell, his many grandchildren and his former

wife, winning -- Winnie Mandela. At times, people make clear what they

thought about some of the current political leaders. South Africa's

president Jacob Zuma was repeatedly booed each time he was shown on a

large green, in contrast to his American counterpart. The first

black President of the United States said he has drawn immense

inspiration from the man affectionately known as Madiba.

Introducing his jailers as honoured guests at his inauguration, taking a

picture in a Springbok uniform, -- a pitch. Confronting HIV AIDS. It

revealed the depth of his empathy and understanding. He taught

millions to find that truth within themselves. It took a man like

Madiba to free not just the prisoner but the jailer as well.

CHEERING It is poignant that at the memorial

service of a man who left behind a legacy of reconciliation, there was

a rare coming together of the leaders of America and Cuba. As the

rain falls, the world and South Africa are saying goodbye to North

on Mandela. His body will lie in state in Pretoria for three days and

then on Sunday he will be led to rest at a private burial near the

home where he grew up, in the remote Eastern Cape.

Nelson Mandela's passing has really been a chance for this country to

take stock. People have been able to ask questions about whether the

country, its leaders have been living up to the ideal set by not on

Mandela. The current -- set by Nelson Mandela. The current

president has been booed. We have taken a look at the state of South

Africa after Nelson Mandela. When Nelson Mandela became

president, he and his government inherited a greatly skewed economy,

a first-class lifestyle for most whites and relatively few black

South Africans. The country, shedding its near pariah status and

the goodwill behind the new South Africa brought change with it. Mr

Mandela knew that one of the ANC's greatest challenges was to see that

those who had been most denied opportunity under apartheid were not

left behind, as hopefully, South Africa's fortunes improved. There

was a transfer of wealth into black hands, it went to a very small group

of ANC leaders and what I would call political capitalists. A few miles

from when Nelson Mandela's life and ambitions are being commemorated

before the eyes of the world, the challenging realities of daily life

continue in the workplaces and businesses of many of the people of

South Africa. Today is not a public holiday. This drug was keeping pace

with the demands for better housing and other services -- the struggle

to keep pace with. These are for today's leaders and they are being

judged increasingly on how they deliver. Politics may be in effect

suspended during this period of mourning but elections are just

months away, with President Zuma in the spotlight. There is a Mandela

legacy for the whole world. With me now is our correspondent

here in South Africa. It has been interesting. We have seen national

festivities, a celebration of Nelson Mandela's life, but also at times,

the picture of Winnie Mandela or Graco shell, -- Graco Michelle, we

have also seen the private grief. What we have seen since the

announcement, since President Jacob Zuma announced he had died, people

were dancing in the streets, all of those pictures, today it was a

little bit different. We saw the grief from the family, they looked

really grief stricken and sombre. At the same time we saw the crowd

celebrating Mr Mandela's life. It is important, it illustrates that when

someone's grandfather dies in South Africa, people don't just go out in

the streets and dance, they grieve as well. I know this is about Nelson

Mandela, but people will notice that President Zuma, the current

president who is speaking right now, people have started leaving, he has

been booed. That is a combination of a few factors. He speaks after

President Obama, who delivered an amazing speech. Also, it has been

raining all day. People are drenched. And there is internal ANC

infighting, political factors that are influencing this kind of

distance between him and the crowd today. Thank you very much. At times

it has been raucous, at times it has been moving and one suspects if the

great man is looking down, he will have expected nothing less from his

people. That is it from us at the FNB Stadium.

Thank you very much. The rest of the news, now. Some insurance companies

and pension providers have been heavily criticised for charging high

commissions, confusing customers, and offering poor value for money.

The accusations are made in a report by the Financial Services Consumer

Panel which speaks out for the public on money issues. Our personal

finance correspondent, Simon Gompertz, is here. How are people

losing out? It doesn't affect people who have a guaranteed private

pension from their employer. It is the millions of people who are

saving up for a pension through their working lives, they come to

retire and they find it is up to them to do something with the pot of

pension money that they have saved up. And they are between a rock and

a hard place. Either they go to the insurance company they have saved

with come and they get a poor deal quite often, or they shop around.

The consumer panel is pointing out that some of the brokers and the

websites have hidden charges. The FSA say they have seen some where a

pot of ?100,000 would be charged ?6,000, they are saying it is too

much and it needs to be investigated. What do they want done

about it? They want an investigation. They want people with

very small pots to take the money and not have to go through the

annuity process. The financial watchdog is looking at this closely

expect to see more being done in the New Year.

Our top story this lunchtime: the founder of a French company

which distributed defective breast implants around the world has been

sentenced to four years in prison for fraud. The implants from PIP had

an abnormally high rupture rate and caused a global health scare.

300,000 women were affected around the world. Jean-Claude Mas has also

been fined 75,000 euros. But will appeal against his sentence.

Christian Fraser has this report - which does contain flash photography

from the start. Implants were manufactured with industrial grade

gel. Half a million worldwide finally one justice. Mr Mas stood

behind his lawyers but he could not hide altogether. The judge read out

the names of scores of victims, women he had dismissed in police

interviews as psychologically fragile. The sentence was four years

and a 75,000 pounds fine. This woman believes it is a significant

breakthrough, her implant ruptured. I think it is a significant

breakthrough. It is not considered a crime in the UK. It sends a message

that we are victims of a crime and that is an important step. Mr Mas, a

former life insurance salesman, built PIP into the world's

third-largest supplier. His abandoned factory was littered with

order forms from 65 countries. The equipment gave the error of

respectability but the reality was different. Persecuted say the man in

charge of quality control had only a cooking diploma. Sea prosecutors

say. This is one of the biggest trials that France has ever staged.

300 lawyers, 5000 women registered as plaintiffs, 150 from Britain. Mr

Mas has appealed today, his prison sentence is pending but so are

several other rural investigations. Almost 100 world leaders gather in

Soweto to honour Nelson Mandela. President Obama calls him the last

great liberator of the 20th century. And still to come: Arise Sir

Bradley. The Olympic champion cyclist and Tour de France winner is

honoured by the Queen at Buckingham Palace.

Later, we find out how to get a bargain in Theatreland. We will have

a full weather forecast, not as the day has turned milder this week, at

1:30pm. A global disaster waiting to happen,

the biggest health and care problem facing future generations - that is

how dementia has been described. Tomorrow, ministers from the G8

major economies will meet in London to discuss how to tackle the

illness. Every day this week we're taking a look at what life is like

living with the illness, and looking at some of the different approaches

being tried to treat it. Jenny Hill has been to Norway to find out about

a farm-based care programme which is getting some interesting results.

Dementia is destroying his memory, but this man recalls every note he

has ever composed. He's really forgetting now. He cannot remember.

You need assistance the whole time, I feel. He cannot be alone and he

will feel lost and afraid. Three days a week, he goes out. Off to his

job, he told us. This farm is a short drive from Oslo, this is

daycare Norwegian style. The farm hosts up to seven people with

dementia. Their carers get a break and they get to work. We caught up

with Sigwald in the shed. In return there is plenty of fresh air and

exercise. There is plenty of space for them, it is not in the city so

they can come out and be with the animals. We see that they are

getting calmer. They love to do things with their hands. This place

is increasingly popular and other countries are following suit.

Experts believe this sort of scheme can allow someone with dementia to

live in the community for much longer. Music seems to follow

Sigwald. Like the others here, he pays for his plays, though some are

subsidised by the government. As we tag along for the forest hike, it is

clear it makes a real difference. Millions of pounds donated to Comic

Relief have been invested into tobacco and arms firms according to

the panorama programme, and it's also seen evidence that Save The

Children censored its criticism of the energy industry to avoid

upsetting its corporate partners. Both charities deny any wrongdoing.

Declan Lawn reports. With running costs of ?17 million, it is

expensive work, but Comic Relief promises that every penny donated by

the public goes to good causes. To do that, it uses profits from the

millions of pounds of donations it always has waiting to be paid out,

money which is invested in the stock market, often over several years.

Now panorama has learned that between 2007 and 2009 the charity

invested millions in managed funds in tobacco, arms and alcohol

companies. ?3 million was invested in three different tobacco

companies. For some, this contradicts the core aims of the

charity. They are risking their reputation and a charity reputation

is very precious. If people have been giving them money after

watching television next year think twice and don't give that money

because they are concerned about their investment policy, that could

be an argument for judiciary duty. Comic Relief claims its approach is

within Charity commission guidelines. The main obligation in

the use of money for investment is that they invest for the maximum

financial return on charitable funds but it does allow for ethical

investment policies. In a statement, Comic Relief said they put the money

into large funds, and said that on balance they believed this is the

approach that would deliver the greatest benefits to the most

vulnerable people. Comic Relief refused to say where the money had

been invested since 2009 and declined to be interviewed. I

tracked down a trustee as he left a book signing. You cannot sanction

it. I never have done. Do you think we should invest ethically? Of

course. We have seen evidence to suggest that Save The Children saved

its criticism of the energy industry to resist upsetting the companies.

You can watch panorama tonight at 10:35pm on BBC One. Police have

released extraordinary CCTV footage showing a burglar standing over a

68-year-old woman as she slept in her home in Derbyshire. They'd

installed cameras in Margaret Woodward's home after she'd been

burgled five times in a year. Ben Moore reports. Footage that sends a

chill down the spine, a burglar standing over a sleeping pensioner

as he rates her home. 51-year-old Patrick Reid crept into Margaret

Woodward's home in Derbyshire to steal her belongings, at one moment

just inches from her face. I know that I was asleep but suddenly my

bag was in my basket in my scooter and I heard the zip going, and I

thought, that's my bag. When Patrick Reid walks through the door, he

triggers an alarm and Margaret's response. Margaret had been burgled

five times, which is why Derbyshire Police installed cameras in her

home. Despite suffering from arthritis, she fetches her walking

stick and chases him from the house. I said, you are not going to get

away. I followed him and he went into the bedroom. I said, I am going

to break your kneecaps so you cannot get away. He jumped straight out the

window. Patrick Reid has been jailed for four years and eight months. He

will not forget quickly who brought him to justice.

A man in charge of a fireworks display on the night of a nearby

motorway crash in which seven people died has been cleared of breaching

health and safety laws. Manslaughter charges against Geoffrey Counsell

were dropped earlier this year. The accident happened in 2011, on the M5

near Taunton 200 yards from where the display took place.

It's an anaesthetic used on humans and animals, but increasingly people

are using ketamine in nightclubs and at parties. Now the Government's

official drugs advisers say tougher penalties should be imposed on

people who use it illegally. They've recommended that it should be

upgraded to a class B drug, increasing the maximum sentence from

two years to five, because of the damage it can cause users. Here's

our home affairs correspondent, Tom Symonds. Louise was 21 when she died

after taking ketamine. All the other people were regular users so their

bodies were used to it. When Louise went to bed she couldn't get to

sleep and decided to run a bath. Ketamine is an anaesthetic so it

knocked her out and she drowned. The biggest problem with ketamine

according to researchers is the intensely painful damage it can do

to the stomach and bladder. Chris Francis has now been released from

prison after serving time for drug dealing. While inside, he gave the

BBC this account of his experiences. It started with stomach cramps, not

being able to urinate, so useless more to get rid of the stomach

cramps, which is why the stomach cramps are there in the first place.

Then you start urinating lumps of goo and blood. Experts say the

damage from cocaine is often short term but this drug is different. We

are looking at damage to memory, which is a different outcome. An

investigation by the BBC in 2011 revealed dealers shipping ketamine

to Britain. The government will have to decide if it accepts the

recommendation of tougher penalties for the possession of ketamine.

Bradley Wiggins has been knighted by the Queen at Buckingham Palace. So

Bradley Wiggins for services to cycling. Sir Bradley is being

honoured after an extraordinary year in 2012, in which he became the

first British cyclist to win the Tour de France and win Olympic Gold

in London. He was also named the BBC Sports Personality Of The Year. He

said the knighthood was an incredible honour for what he called

the inferior accomplishment of winning a bike race.

More now on our top story, almost world leaders past and present have

joined thousands of South Africans at a football stadium in Soweto for

a memorial service in honour of Nelson Mandela. President Obama

described Mr Mandela as a giant of history. Let's go back to George

Alagiah inside the stadium. As you say, President Obama has been here

and he will make the headlines with that powerful speech he gave just a

couple of hours ago perhaps, perhaps less than that. As you say, he is

only one of several hundreds of heads of state but have come here,

and that is testament to his reach of influence. Among those leaders

was David Cameron, he was one of the first to arrive here at this

stadium. Earlier I was talking to him and I asked him what he thought

Nelson Mandela's legacy was. You were just struck by his incredible

grace and forgiveness, particularly hearing him talk about how he had

reconciled people after those years in jail and how he had forgiven

everybody. I was struck by what he said to me about HIV and aids

because there was at that time in South Africa quite a lot of backward

thinking about HIV and here was somebody who had been in prison all

those years who was convinced South Africa needed to confront this. The

final speech is going on, but in many ways what has been interesting

is not what has been happening on the podium but what has been

happening around the stadium, because they have been singing

revolutionary songs and it is a powerful and poignant reminder that

Nelson Mandela, this avuncular figure in his later life, actually

was it had a freedom fighter. His purpose in life, he said it himself,

was to liberate the majority of people in this country, the black

people of South Africa, and that is really what people have been

remembering here at the FNB Stadium in Soweto.

Thank you. Time to look at the weather forecast now. We should

enjoy the relatively quiet picture we have got at the moment. The

amount of cloud will vary significantly from day to day and

there have already been some significant changes. We have the

cloud coming in again across Northern Ireland and Scotland, but

an increasingly thin sliver of sunshine working across parts of

England and the sunshine is brightening up across the south-east

of England, probably some brightness in London later this afternoon. The

wind will push this dry air across England and Wales over the next 24

hours and that will tend to melt the cloud away tomorrow so there will be

more sunshine around. Still pretty murky across parts of East Anglia, a

little glimpse of sunshine likely across the north-east of England for

a short time, but the Northern Ireland and Scotland it is a cloudy

picture. There will be the odd spot of rain, and temperatures around the

Moray Firth could reach 10 Celsius so still relatively mild here.

Overnight most will keep the cloud, ticking off again for some rain in

some places, but clearer skies will make things turn pretty foggy across

the swathes of East Anglia into the Midlands and central southern

England. It will also drop the temperatures. In rural parts of

south-east England, we could see temperatures going all the way down

to minus five in parts of Sussex and Kent. That dry air will take the

cloud with it and there will be much more sunshine to go around as we had

through the day. Mist and fog patches could linger into the early

parts of the afternoon and in the north and west it stays fairly

cloudy. There could be a change in the weather as we head into

Wednesday night, rain moving into Northern Ireland and Scotland. High

pressure still hanging on across England and Wales on Thursday, where

we will have the best of the driest weather. There will be some

persistent rain particularly to western Scotland and strengthening

winds, which could reach gale force late in the day. Enjoy the

relatively quiet whether we have at the moment. It will turn more

unsettled by the end of the week. That is all from the BBC News at

once. We will leave you with some images now for the memorial service

for Nelson Mandela, the man who has been called a giant of history.