29/10/2013 BBC World News


29/10/2013

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Our top story, reports from China that this vehicle which burst into

:00:08.:00:18.

flames in Tiananmen Square, in which five people died, was a suicide

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attack. Survivors recount their narrow

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escape. TRANSLATION: And mother and I had nowhere to run from the car.

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We did not move. -- my mother. I thought if the car hit us, we would

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die. US politicians order a review of surveillance operations and the

:00:35.:00:37.

extent of the NSA's monitoring of foreigners.

:00:38.:00:42.

The United Nations says ten cases of polio have been confirmed among

:00:43.:00:46.

children in Syria. Officials warn of a risk that the outbreak will

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spread. A new mission to the red planet at

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this time NASA scientists want to find out why the atmosphere on Mars

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changed so dramatically. Police in China have named two

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people who are suspects in this major incident in Tiananmen Square.

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A vehicle crashed into a crowd and caught fire in the centre of the

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Chinese capital on Monday. Five people are known to have been

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killed. Police say that nearly 40 were injured. Some reports suggest

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it may have been a suicide attack. First came the fiery crash, in the

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heart of one of the most politically sensitive places in China. Next,

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Tiananmen Square, and just below the iconic portrait of Chairman Mao. And

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now the questions. The crash was not an accident. Who was responsible? An

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unnamed source has told Reuters that the incident seems to have been a

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planned suicide attack. The people inside the SUV have not been

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identified, says the same source. But outside Beijing, vehicles are

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being stopped at a checkpoint. A note has circulated to city hotels,

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indicating that police are looking for two Mail suspect in connection

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to Monday's episode. The suspects hail from counties like this, which

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have witnessed clashes between security forces and local people.

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Many blame the security forces for suppressing their culture and

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customs. In Beijing, several people hurt by the vehicle are receiving

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treatment at a local hospital. TRANSLATION: I thought that if the

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car was going to hit us, then we would directly. -- diet right there.

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But it hit every link. -- it hit a railing. Nobody noticed the car. We

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were standing there and it suddenly came towards us. Luckily, I'm moved

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to the side and the car went past. Chinese censors have been hard at

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work wiping messages from internet forums attempting to start a

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meaningful discussion about Monday's incident. As he saw Quays

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try to figure out what really happened, they are not turning to

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the public for help. Should the US stop spying on

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countries it considers friends? That is the key question when the head of

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the US National Security Agency appears before politicians in

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Washington in a few hours. A review of US buying programmes has been

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ordered by the Senate. This follows allegations that the NSA has been

:03:50.:03:52.

monitoring the phones of allies, including Angela Merkel.

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Another day, another embarrassment, another American ambassador summoned

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to see angry European officials. It was the newspaper Elmendorf that, on

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Monday, revealed large-scale American intelligence gathering in

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Spain. As many as 60 million phone calls scooped up in one month alone.

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-- El Mundo. Parliamentarians met congressional leaders in Washington

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to discuss the surveillance. Many of my colleagues angry and disturbed

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that friends are spying on friends. The stock answer, spying occurs

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anyway. If that is the case, then I think you have to register the anger

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of my German colleagues and others, who do not feel that that has to be

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the case. The revelations keep coming and they are acutely

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embarrassing for Washington. There is already reviewed into the way

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that intelligence is gathered and the White House says that additional

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restraint may be needed. But the administration is quick to defend

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the need for large-scale intelligence gathering. The work

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being done here saves lives. It protects the United States and our

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allies. It protects Americans stationed in dangerous places around

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the world. They say wiretap, we say fightback! It is not just Europeans

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angry about surveillance. In the US, there is disquiet about the breadth

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and depth of intelligence gathering. This is a problem that

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will not go away for the politicians.

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The storms which have left a trail of destruction across Britain and

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much of northern Europe... At least 30 people were killed by falling

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trees. As well as four deaths in Britain, six were killed in Germany.

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Becker gusts of up to 191 mph were measured over the North Sea.

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The raft of the storm which battered much of north-western Europe. In

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Belgium, working force wind knocked people off their feet. Motorways

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across the country remain shut. Meteorologists in Germany measured

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record gusts of 191 kph hour. It caused severe disruption for

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commuters. Trains were cancelled and there were heavy delays at airports.

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Wind and rain lashed the south of England. Debris was flung from

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buildings and more than half a million people suffered power cuts.

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Four people died on Monday. In one incident in west London, a man and a

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woman were killed after an uprooted tree caused a gas expulsion. -- gas

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explosion. In Brittany, a woman was swept into the sea from a cliff.

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Trees fell like Nacht X, weaving thousands without Ultra city. --

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matchsticks. Heavy winds swept across land land

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-- low-lying land, shutting down traffic. The Danish capital saw

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record gusts of up to 194, metres per hour. One man managed to capture

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this on camera. Scaffolding ripped off this office building in

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Copenhagen. From the British Isles, across the North Sea, through

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Scandinavia, the storm is no easing. Meteorologists say that the Baltic

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states will weather the storm today that it looks like the worst is now

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over. -- but it looks. Europe is recovering from that

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ferocious storm. This time one year ago, the other side of the Atlantic

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was dealing with Hurricane Sandy, causing massive disruption on the

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north-eastern coast of the United States. One of the hardest hit

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places was Staten Island, where 23 people died. Laura Trevelyan has

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returned to see the recovery effort. On a clear day, the view from Staten

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Island is unrivalled. But the island's position is it's on

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ability. It is here that the death toll from Superstorm Sandy was

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highest. The search was so strong that floodwaters ripped homes from

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their foundations. -- surge. Help was slow to arrive. There is still

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so much work left to do. This used to be my house. This man barely

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survives the storm. My mother was underwater. I had to pull an

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extension cord, and help her out. I do not know how to swim. And neither

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does my mum or my nephew. We opened the door and we asked my neighbour

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if we could come in. He said yes. His dog miraculously escaped. But

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everything else was gone. He has been in a hotel for most of the last

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year. You put up a tent where his house once stood. He has started a

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charity to help other victims as he waits for the money to rebuild. It

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looks like it is going to take years to rebuild. We should not be

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suffering like this after one year. Nearby, where three drowned during

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the storm, the toll taken by Sandy has led to major changes. This

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neighbourhood will be demolished, returned to nature, since it is

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likely to flood again. The federal government will buy the houses at

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the value they held before the storm. An estate agent here came up

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with the plan. This is a win-win. Taxpayers are saying, why are these

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people getting bought out? They live right near the ocean, they know

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that. No one ever suspected this would happen. From the government's

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perspective, they will save money. And for this portion of Staten

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Island, it will act as a barrier so it is great for them and the people

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who were victims of the storm. New York City is so vulnerable to storms

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because much of it is at sea level. Officials are shoring up the causal

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defences now. One of the things they're is bringing in rocks. The

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idea is that they will break up the impact of the weights if there is

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another storm. One other beaches, they are building

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sand walls. The parks commissioner says that these are some of the

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solutions that New York is working on because no one wants to back away

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from the coastline. In judgement is not a problem. And Hatton is an

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island. -- Manhattan. We are a city of islands and we are going to be

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protecting our shoreline and our forms, ensuring that we create a

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resilient city for the future. Sea levels are predicted to rise if the

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climate continues to change. New York is not taking any chances.

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News in the last hour, the world health organisation has confirmed an

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outbreak of wholly on Syria, the first for 14 years. They warn that

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there is a high-risk that the disease will spread. I'd put it to

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our correspondent in Geneva that this is an ominous that element. --

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ominous development. This is very bad news and an indication, if one

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were needed, of just how serious the public health situation in Syria is.

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Let alone the risks of being caught up in the Civil War. The fact is,

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there are 22 cases of polio being investigated. Ten are now confirmed.

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Ely all of them in children under two, showing signs of acute

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paralysis. That is a sign of polio. Those children almost certainly were

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not immunised at all. Syria was a country until two and a half years

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ago which had eradicated polio. There had not been a case there for

:12:01.:12:04.

14 years. But now children are not being vaccinated because of the

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collapse of the public health system, and somehow the polio virus

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has found its way back into Syria. What, then, is the scale of

:12:15.:12:20.

monitoring in a war zone of some kind or another? Well, I think this

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is very difficult. We do know that hospitals and medical professionals

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in the north-east of Syria reported these cases. And now the Syrian

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health ministry, with UN aid agencies, is apparently trying to

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get a mass immunisation campaign going across the country, but we

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know that fighting rages in many, many areas. And we know that other

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forms of vital aids, food, water, shelter, medicine, cannot be

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delivered because of the fighting. I think it is very clear that many

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children who do need vital that a nation will not get it. The view

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from the World Health Organisation. You with BBC World News. Still to

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come, it is safer than cash in the bank. Why owning a car in Venice

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will is a better investment than a savings account. -- Venice well. To

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Brazil, and a change in the law should end a highly unlikely

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occupation. She's smuggling. For more than half a century, it has

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been illegal to sell cheese made from unpasteurised milk. It has been

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a big problem for the traditional cheesemakers of Brazil. A

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refrigerator packed full with Artisan cheese, destined for sale in

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Sao Paulo. This cheese specialist has an

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international client list. But there is an important detail. Up until

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quite recently, some of what he has been doing has been technically

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illegal. All from the 1950s the sale of raw milk or unpasteurised

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cheeses. Anywhere in the country, unless they were mature for at least

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two months. TRANSLATION: Lately, consumers have been looking for

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Brazilian Artisan cheese. But people like me have to sell it informally.

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70% of this cheese is going to Sao Paulo illegally. Some of Brazil's

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most sought after Artisan cheeses are made in farms like this in the

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mountains. Here, cheesemaking techniques have remained unchanged

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for three centuries. Raw milk cheese has proved so popular in the past

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that it had to be smuggled all over the country. Now a change in the law

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means that small producers will no longer have to sell the specific

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type of cheese under the counter. -- this specific. It can be sold now

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when it is less mature. For Brazilian cheesemakers, this is a

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welcome boost. It seems the quicker you get it to market, the bigger the

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sales. In this shop, Fernando sells more than 80 types of cheese from

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six baits. Bringing the taste of resulting locals and foreigners

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alike. I have found a lot of Brazilian cheese which looks like

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French cheese. The taste, the colour. Encouraged by the approval

:15:39.:15:46.

of customers, small producers hope that this traditional cheesemaking

:15:47.:15:48.

technique, handed down from generation to generation, could soon

:15:49.:15:53.

become as well-known abroad as it is in Brazil.

:15:54.:16:04.

You are with BBC World News. Reports from China say a vehicle explosion

:16:05.:16:13.

in Tiananmen Square which killed five people may have been a suicide

:16:14.:16:18.

attack. Police have named two suspects. The US Senate intelligence

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committee board is a major review of surveillance operations, head of the

:16:26.:16:30.

National Security agency appearing in Washington in a few hours.

:16:31.:16:41.

Now,that age old question - when the economy looks uncertain, where do

:16:42.:16:44.

you invest your spare cash? For many, the answer is to buy gold. In

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Indonesia the growth rate is slowing and the currency getting weaker. But

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the precious metal isn't just a valuable commodity for investors,

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the country's gold miners are also benefiting too. At end an easy as

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state gold company hundreds of people arrive every day to buy this

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precious metal. Some -- many of them are first-time buyers. How much have

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you bought today? 50 grams. Why have you decided to invest in gold? I

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hope it will have a good price in the future. At around 43 US dollars

:17:23.:17:28.

per gram, these are significant investments. Many Indonesians would

:17:29.:17:34.

see it as a hedge to the risks in the country and having undergone a

:17:35.:17:39.

lot of economic turbulence in the past, they feel the risks are very

:17:40.:17:46.

real. Indonesia is not only a gold buying nation, it is also a producer

:17:47.:17:51.

and in times of economic uncertainty, thousands of migrants

:17:52.:17:56.

try their luck at unregulated, unlicensed gold mines like this one

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on the island of Borneo. In the capital of the island, there is no

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shortage of demand for goods made of gold. The informal gold mining

:18:09.:18:12.

sector in Indonesia is huge, second only to China. The gold market here

:18:13.:18:23.

is an essential trading hub and its services thousands of miners who

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labour in makeshift sites around this area. With the Root beer still

:18:27.:18:36.

fluctuating, it is likely Indonesia 's many gold investors will keep

:18:37.:18:43.

these gold miners busy for the foreseeable future.

:18:44.:18:57.

Where best to invest any spare cash isn't just an issue for Indonesians.

:18:58.:19:00.

Venezuela has the largest oil reserves in the world. So the

:19:01.:19:06.

country should be an economic success story. But the country is

:19:07.:19:09.

plagued by regular shortages of basic goods. The inflation rate is

:19:10.:19:12.

almost 50%. Instead of putting their money in the bank, some Venezuelan

:19:13.:19:16.

are now buying old cars as a way to save cash.

:19:17.:19:18.

This man bought his car a year ago, since then its value has more than

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doubled. I bought this jeep as a way to invest my money, it is an

:19:24.:19:27.

investment. Currently in this country, keeping money in the bank

:19:28.:19:31.

is not a viable option. I have it but I rarely use it because repair

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parts are very expensive. Used cars are popular because new ones are

:19:38.:19:41.

almost impossible to buy. This is one of many empty car dealerships

:19:42.:19:46.

here in Caracas. We are told there isn't even a waiting list, it has

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been one year since they last had a car available. The government

:19:52.:19:59.

regulates access, making it difficult to import adults from

:20:00.:20:06.

overseas. Economists also blame inflation. At 45% it is one of the

:20:07.:20:16.

highest in the world. Cars have become a way for people to save

:20:17.:20:21.

money. If you keep your money in the bank, it loses value. If you invest

:20:22.:20:26.

in a car, you could sell it again at a higher price. Cars are not the

:20:27.:20:32.

only affected sector, the country also suffers from shortages of

:20:33.:20:37.

milk, sugar and toilet paper. Even members of the government admit now

:20:38.:20:41.

that there are problems with the economy, they have called for

:20:42.:20:46.

reforms and in future the price of used cars will be regulated.

:20:47.:20:51.

Jonathan says he's not worried. For now, he is sure that his car will

:20:52.:20:56.

sell a good price, remaining his safest investment.

:20:57.:21:05.

Two years after US forces withdrew from Iraq, violent incidents are on

:21:06.:21:14.

the increase. On Monday alone, two car bombs and an ambush of a police

:21:15.:21:18.

checkpoint in Iraq killed 11 people near the capital Baghdad on Monday.

:21:19.:21:21.

Such attacks have become more and more common this year in Iraq, a

:21:22.:21:25.

country that remains fragile in a number of ways. The BBC's Paul Adams

:21:26.:21:29.

looks at some of the issues at play in today's Iraq. It is not quite two

:21:30.:21:32.

years since the last US troops left Iraq, relief for America at the end

:21:33.:21:35.

of a long and unpopular war and an opportunity, they said, for Iraq to

:21:36.:21:40.

go it alone. This is a time for Iraq to look forward. This is an

:21:41.:21:45.

opportunity for Iraq to forge ahead on the path to security and

:21:46.:21:51.

prosperity. But the path so far seems to have led backwards to

:21:52.:21:55.

scenes reminiscent of its darkest days and statistics that tell a

:21:56.:22:03.

gruesome tale. Back in 2008, it is thought almost 6800 Iraqis died,

:22:04.:22:07.

that is a conservative UN estimate. The following three years saw a

:22:08.:22:13.

steady decline to a low of around 2800 the year the Americans finally

:22:14.:22:16.

withdrew, but the numbers have climbed ever since. Already this

:22:17.:22:23.

year the figure stands at over 6000. Once again, Baghdad is at the

:22:24.:22:28.

centre. In recent weeks there have been several coordinated car bomb

:22:29.:22:31.

attacks in the capital but other parts of the country are also being

:22:32.:22:36.

affected. In September, a rare attack in the Kurdish north, and

:22:37.:22:41.

another worrying sign the southern Shia dominated city of Basra has

:22:42.:22:45.

also seen a surge in violence. What does this point to? The politicians

:22:46.:22:51.

in the country have their fears. We hope it will not develop but there

:22:52.:22:56.

is a real fear the conflicts could develop into a civil war. So who and

:22:57.:23:01.

what is responsible for these developments? As always, the country

:23:02.:23:07.

is awash with malicious and armed groups, jostling for political and

:23:08.:23:12.

geographical authority. The central government is weak and divided, but

:23:13.:23:17.

groups allied with Al-Qaeda, once on the retreat, are back with a

:23:18.:23:21.

vengeance still capable of pulling off so-called spectaculars,

:23:22.:23:25.

coordinated mass casualty attacks like this one in Baghdad. One of the

:23:26.:23:34.

largest groups is Isis, operating in both countries. To make matters

:23:35.:23:42.

worse, the Iraq military is weak, and its approach to

:23:43.:23:47.

counterinsurgency tends to rely on mass arrests. In the words of one UN

:23:48.:23:56.

official, the battlefields are merging. A decade of agony which

:23:57.:24:03.

shows no sign of ending. Now let's go into a far greater

:24:04.:24:09.

distance across the universe and the punditry system. -- planetary

:24:10.:24:19.

system. Scientists believe that Mars once had an atmosphere thicker than

:24:20.:24:23.

ours here on Earth. Now they're getting closer to finding out how it

:24:24.:24:26.

lost it so dramatically. India's Mars Orbiter Mission, the country's

:24:27.:24:29.

first interplanetary foray, is due to blast off on November fifth. Now

:24:30.:24:32.

NASA says it's on track to launch its Maven spacecraft on the 18th.

:24:33.:24:39.

NASA's next mission to Mars. The spacecraft is called Maven, standing

:24:40.:24:44.

for Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution. The plan is for it to

:24:45.:24:50.

soar over 6000 kilometres above the surface of Mars, dipping download

:24:51.:24:55.

five times during the mission. This model simulation shows solar winds

:24:56.:25:00.

sweeping across Mars, stripping it of its atmosphere molecule by

:25:01.:25:03.

molecule. At one time it was believed the Red Planet had an

:25:04.:25:08.

atmosphere they than that of Earth. Scientists want to use the probe to

:25:09.:25:11.

find out why it went through such a dramatic change. We want to

:25:12.:25:16.

understand what the history of the atmosphere has been, how the climate

:25:17.:25:21.

has changed through time, and how that has influenced the revolution

:25:22.:25:25.

of the service and potential habitability, at least by microbes,

:25:26.:25:32.

of Mars. A year ago last August, NASA successfully deployed its

:25:33.:25:37.

Curiosity Rover. In its first year of operations it has been exploring

:25:38.:25:40.

the landscape for clues about whether the planet could ever have

:25:41.:25:45.

supported life. It is part of a series of probes and Rovers by NASA

:25:46.:25:50.

to gather key dated before a planned mission to send humans there as

:25:51.:26:00.

early as the 2030s. Maven is on track to launch next month and if

:26:01.:26:04.

all goes well it should arrive back by next September, and look

:26:05.:26:10.

something like this. Let me conclude our programme here

:26:11.:26:14.

with a couple of videos which are quite extraordinary. This is how to

:26:15.:26:20.

open a bottle of beer with a helicopter in China. It is the last

:26:21.:26:29.

event event in the three-day long China Helicopter Tournament. Pilots

:26:30.:26:32.

had to take the top off a bottle using an opener tied to the skid.

:26:33.:26:35.

This attempt appeared successful. Did he celebrate with a beer? After

:26:36.:26:39.

careful inspection the pilot wasn't awarded points because the top of

:26:40.:26:42.

the bottle was damaged. Seems a bit harsh. What about how to benefit

:26:43.:26:48.

from the hurricane force winds? Look at this Brazilian surfer. He is

:26:49.:27:01.

riding the wave, which is reported to be 30 metres high. You have been

:27:02.:27:03.

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