03/04/2014 BBC World News


03/04/2014

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Hello. This is BBC World News. Our top stories: The UN calls it a

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devastating milestone - the number of refugees who have fled Syria for

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Lebanon has just surpassed one million.

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Ukraine's police marksmen blamed for the bloodshed in Kiev- a government

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report accuses them of killing of protesters.

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A US soldier opens fire at an American military base - he shoots

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dead three colleagues and injures 16 others.

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And, a BBC investigation uncovers how some Ugandans are buying false

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papers to escape the stigma of being HIV positive.

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The war in Syria is into its fourth year. The terrifying plight of

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civilians just gets worse. Any family that can, tries to flee the

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country. The scale of the humanitarian crisis has been

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underlined by this: this tragic new and symbolic number. The one

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millionth refugee fleeing into neighbouring Lebanon has been logged

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by the UN in the past hour. The UN calls it a devastating milestone.

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One million new refugees in a country of just four million people.

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Altogether the UN says a total of 2.5 million Syrians are now

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registered as refugees abroad. The actual number who have fled is

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unknown. It's widely thought to be much higher because many are too

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frightened to register. Millions of refugees have fled in every

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direction from Syria into neighbouring countries. But Lebanon

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has taken by far the most. And the UN is struggling to help them. It

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has received only 14% of the funding it has asked for. Some refugees in

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Lebanon have told us about their struggles.

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Well the United Nations have said today that no country has done as

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much as Lebanon, proportional to their size, in helping with the tide

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of refugees. With me is Mohamad Yehia from the BBC's Arabic service.

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How is Lebanon coping? It is under immense pressure, economically. When

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you have one in four of the population as refugees it puts a lot

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of pressure on electricity, water, education. Of these million refugees

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formally registered in Lebanon, there are thousands of children. We

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have 300,000 children of these refugees who have no schools to go

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to. Children are working. Girls are getting married at a young age. It

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is a very grim milestone and picked just. This is in a country where

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stability everyday is challenged politically and economically. How is

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the country embracing this enormous potential for instability? Lebanon

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has suffered from a spill-over from the war. You have Shi'ite Hezbollah

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are supporting President Assad. And you have Lebanon supporting the

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armed opposition. It is creating tension in Lebanon and we have seen

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instability in recent months. It is challenging to cope with the

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economic, social and political stress this is causing. Given the

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pressure is on, what there is of this infrastructure and these new

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camps, and we have seen kids working in the field to earn a small amount

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of money for their parents to keep going, how is the government of

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Lebanon coping? The government of Lebanon is pleading to the

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international and Arab community to help pay for the costs. It is money

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they want? It is money, Lebanon has lost over $2.5 billion in business.

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Is this creating a political threat to Lebanon at the moment? The

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tensions between the factions supporting opposite sides in the

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Syrian war is escalating. There are lots of efforts to contain this but

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as long as the Syrian war is going on it is bound to spill over into

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Lebanon. 1 million, only those who have registered. The potential for

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this to keep going is tragically enormous? It has been growing, 2012

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the number was about 20,000. 2013, the number was about 400,000, and

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now 1 million. 1 million is just the officially registered. You could add

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a few hundred thousand more. Thanks for the update with that terrifying

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figure from lemon. -- Lebanon. And you will find plenty more detail

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and analysis on the Syrian conflict and the humanitarian catastrophe on

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our website. Go to a special section at:

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There's been a second strong earthquake just off the coast of

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Northern chilly. The quake had a magnitude of 7.8. It followed an

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even more powerful 8.2 quake on Tuesday. A tsunami alert issued for

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the coast of chilly and Peru has now been lifted. There are no reports of

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casualties or serious damage. Our world affairs correspondent Nick

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Childs reports. And understandable reaction as, for

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a second night, the ground shook severely in northern chilly. This is

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the result of a powerful after-shock. From hotels and homes,

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they spilled onto the streets and the siren blasted out a new tsunami

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alert. Some were more prepared than others and among those forced to

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flee was the Chilean president who had been visiting to assess the

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damage on Tuesday's earthquake. TRANSLATION: I was evacuated like

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every other citizen. We have come to this emergency service to see if we

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can help. This tsunami warning was quickly

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lifted and there have been no reports of new damage or injuries.

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But for the coastal residents it was another sleepless night full of

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anxiety. Some of the original damage, 2600 homes were damaged and

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there were reported dead. Chilly is one of the worst earthquake prone

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countries, but also one of the most prepared.

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I saw people walking calmly. It is evident they are prepared because

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they have small travel bugs which will contain a coat and something to

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eat. There are a lot of people walking about. I think it is good

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people have had a significant response to the authorities call for

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preventative evacuation. For the emergency services, a huge task to

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assess the impact of these major tremors.

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In the past hour, the Ukraine's new security chief has accused Viktor

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Yanukovych of mass murder on the streets of Kiev. His comments come

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as the Ukraine's interim government publishes the first findings of its

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enquiry into the deaths of protesters in Kiev. Several members

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of the police squad have been arrested and warrants are out for

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Viktor Yanukovych and his former security chief. I am joined by

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someone from the Russian service. You are monitoring this press

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briefing in Kiev, let's focus on those men we saw in black on that

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day, the 20th of February firing at protesters. Who were they? These

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people, riot police who were given orders to shoot at protesters. They

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say they have evidence when these people were taking these masks off

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and they know their faces. The two main points which would given at his

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press conference is that the orders were given to shoot and Viktor

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Yanukovych yesterday denied he had given any orders. Records were kept

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of the orders? Yes, this is what we found out today from this press

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conference. They say they have permission for people to hand down

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the weapons. So it is only preliminary results and they say

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they will provide more information as they get it. But another

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important point which was raised is the role Russia played. What has

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emerged on the role of Russia? The federal security services, the

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Federal Security bureau representatives were talking to

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Ukraine's riot police and a former security chief of Ukraine reported

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directly to Russia's security services as well. So the explosives

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and weapons were airlifted into Ukraine, tonnes of it, act Chile.

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What was their role? They were saying many people, accuse the riot

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police of the shooting, they are now hiding in Crimea. A lot of the video

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footage is incredibly vivid. But this question about Russia again.

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Was Russia involved in what is called in that part of the world,

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provocation, actively engaging with the Ukrainians? Russia is denying it

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and they are saying they did not have a say in it. It was a sovereign

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metaphor for the Ukraine and they did not do anything about it. They

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always voiced a concern out the rest and they were saying that radicals

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and even fascists were taking part in this provocation. They were

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saying it is not a peaceful protest. Russians, they are still saying now

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that the legitimate president is Victor Yanukovych and they don't

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want to talk to the new authorities in Kiev. Thank you very much.

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The US space agency NASA is suspending some work with Russia

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after what it calls Russia's illegal annexation of Crimea. Three Russians

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are among the astronauts currently living and working on board.

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The Kremlin has confirmed Vladimir Putin and his wife have officially

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divorced. In June last year the couple made this appearance on state

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television to announce the end by mutual consent of their 30-year

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marriage. Lyudmila Putina and the couple's two adult daughters have

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since kept a low public profile. Japan has confirmed it is cancelling

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its whale hunt. It is after a ruling in the Hague Monday which ruled it

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illegal. But the fishery ministry in Japan said it will continue what it

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described as a scientific whaling programme elsewhere.

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President Obama has said he's heartbroken over a shooting at Fort

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Hood in Texas, one of the US military's biggest army bases. Four

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people are dead. This includes the gunman himself. The base commander

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said there is no indication of any terrorist involvement at this stage.

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The gunman was an Iraq war veteran who was being treated for mental

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illness. He turned the gun on himself after being cornered in a

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parking lot by military police. From Washington, Beth McLeod.

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The swift response to reports that America's largest or army base was

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under attack from within... Again. The gunman was a soldier with mental

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health issues who had served in Iraq. He was using a semi-automatic

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pistol that he'd bought in the local area. He opened fire in the medical

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brigade building. With regard to the investigation, at this time there is

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no indication that this incident is related to terrorism. Although we

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are not ruling anything out and the investigation continues. Casualties

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were rushed to this hospital. Most of the injuries were the result of

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direct gunshot wounds. Some people are being treated for severe cuts

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from shattered glass. All of those hurt are military personnel. Many of

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the people there have been multiple tours in Iraq and Afghanistan. They

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served with valour and they served with distinction. And when they are

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at their home base they need to feel safe. We don't yet know what

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happened tonight, but obviously that sense of safety has been broken once

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again. Broken once again because this event is horribly reminiscent

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of the mass shooting in Fort Hood in 2009. The worst-ever such event on

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an army base. 13 were fatally wounded and more than 30 others

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injured. The self-confessed shooter, Nidal Hasan, an Army psychiatrist

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about to be deployed to Afghanistan was recently sentenced to death. We

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will get the facts. And when we have those facts, specifically about Fort

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Hood, we'll address them. We don't have any choice here but to address

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what happened. And do everything possible to assure the safety of our

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men and women who work on these bases. An investigation is underway

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to find out what motivated this soldier to open fire, but the

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incident is once again raising questions about how to keep service

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men and women safe when they are stationed at home in the United

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States. High alert of the Australian coast.

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The woman is killed by a shark on her daily swim the beach in New

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South Wales. Former French presidential candidate

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Segolene Royal is starting her first full day as the country's new

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environment minister. The appointment of President Francois

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Hollande's ex to his new Cabinet also ensures that his personal life

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remains at the centre of attention, three months after claims of an

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affair emerged. Alpa Patel reports. She once stood by his side in life

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and on the political stage. She was the mother of President Holland's

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four children. But for Mr McCreevy is, she has been wandering the

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political wilderness. Until now. After being appointed the new

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environment minister. Translation made

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TRANSLATION: I am honoured to be appointed to this. She has an

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impressive CV. Her political career began in 1982 as a junior minister

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in president Francis -- Mitterrand's government. In 2007,

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she made each year as the first woman in France to be nominated for

:17:03.:17:07.

the presidency by a major party. She lost to Nicholas are cosy. In 2012,

:17:08.:17:13.

she was noticeably left out of Francois Hollande's Cabinet,

:17:14.:17:15.

reportedly because of his then jealous girlfriend. But following

:17:16.:17:25.

the President's split with France's trio will, she was given the post.

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It follows the appointment of the new Prime Minister, and popular with

:17:32.:17:37.

the voters and that is important for the Socialist party after they

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suffered a humiliating defeat at local elections. The challenges lie

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ahead. The president is one of the most unpopular French leaders in

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decades. It seems there will be much to discuss when the new Cabinet

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meets on Friday. This is BBC World News. The latest

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headlines: The number of refugees who have fled Syria and registered

:18:09.:18:11.

in Lebanon passes one million. The UN calls it a devastating

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milestone. An investigation by the Ukrainian

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government has confirmed that police officers did shoot dead

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anti-government protestors in February.

:18:19.:18:30.

Malaysia's Prime Minister has committed to continuing the search

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for flight MH370. The airliner disappeared almost four weeks ago.

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Despite a massive air and sea search, no wreckage has yet been

:18:36.:18:39.

found. Time is running out to find the so called black box flight

:18:40.:18:42.

recorder. It will only emit a locator signal for a few more days.

:18:43.:18:46.

Prime Minister Najib Razak has been at the Australian air force base in

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Perth, which has been coordinating the current search. Australia's

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Prime Minister has been there, too. We are here today but our thoughts

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are thousands of kilometres away. They are in the cities and countries

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around the world where families of those on board weight feis briefing

:19:05.:19:12.

news. And in the vastness of the Indian Ocean, where MH370 weights.

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Until we find the plane, many families cannot start to grieve. I

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cannot imagine what they must be going through. But I can promise

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them that we will not give up. Little was heard today about the

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state of the search. Nothing much seems to be discovered.

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From Perth, our correspondent Jon Donnison has more on the search

:19:42.:19:45.

efforts. There are now ten ships and a

:19:46.:19:48.

British submarine scouring the southern Indian Ocean. Over the past

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two weeks, there have been almost 100 search flights and still

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nothing. The cost of the operation is massive. One aviation expert and

:19:58.:20:02.

they told us that the search for the air France jet that crashed over the

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Atlantic in 2009 cost $50 million. He estimates this could be ten times

:20:09.:20:14.

more expensive. The Australian Prime Minister has been meeting with his

:20:15.:20:18.

Malaysian counterpart in Perth. Mr Abbott called it the most difficult

:20:19.:20:23.

search operation in history. He said that while there was no guarantee of

:20:24.:20:28.

success, he said no effort would be spared. For the moment, no talk of

:20:29.:20:36.

giving up despite the massive cost. But it has now been almost a month

:20:37.:20:39.

since the Malaysian airline disappeared and still no prospect of

:20:40.:20:50.

finding it. An Australian woman is thought to

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have been killed in a shark attack as she went for a regular early

:20:54.:20:57.

morning swim with friends. Christine Armstrong, aged 63, was swimming at

:20:58.:21:00.

Tathra, south of Sydney, when she became separated from the rest of

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the group. Her husband reported seeing a large shark in the water.

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She was a swimming coach and had been swimming in the area where she

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went missing for 14 years. Police have been searching the area. An

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independent witness was on the rocks and had seen a large shark in the

:21:19.:21:23.

area. It appeared that the shark was bawling something, although it was

:21:24.:21:31.

unable to tell what. An extensive search has been going on since then

:21:32.:21:34.

involving helicopters, water police, surf life-savers and some

:21:35.:21:42.

local people as well. It was Ian attempts to -- in an attempt to find

:21:43.:21:44.

her. And the search has now been called

:21:45.:21:51.

off due to bad weather. Cases of HIV and Aids are on the

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rise again in Uganda. That's despite successful prevention and awareness

:21:55.:21:57.

campaigns costing billions of dollars. In a deeply conservative

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society, there's a huge stigma attached to being HIV positive. It

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can make it difficult to get a job. So it's little wonder that some

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people try to buy a fake HIV negative result. A BBC Africa

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investigation has found they can change hands for as little as 20

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dollars. Uganda is a young country growing in

:22:12.:22:25.

confidence. But some demons like HIV are proving harder to shake. As you

:22:26.:22:31.

tried around come about billboards everywhere urging people get tested.

:22:32.:22:38.

Despite the long-term campaigns, HIV-positive people still face a lot

:22:39.:22:44.

of stigmatisation. Nicolette has had the virus in she was raped at the

:22:45.:22:50.

age of ten. She has chosen to be open about it. When they hear my

:22:51.:22:54.

story, they tend to point the finger. You went looking for it.

:22:55.:23:00.

They don't actually know, don't understand what somebody goes

:23:01.:23:07.

through. For quite some time I haven't been working because

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everywhere I go to look for a job, the first thing they ask me is my

:23:10.:23:16.

status. We have discovered that some HIV-positive Ugandans are going as

:23:17.:23:21.

far as breaking the law to hide their status. We sent one of our

:23:22.:23:27.

team undercover to several clinics in Kampala, pretending to be an

:23:28.:23:33.

HIV-positive job-seeker. I need your help.

:23:34.:23:49.

After a quick negotiation, the lab technician agrees to give her

:23:50.:23:52.

negative result for about $20. Getting a fake negative result

:23:53.:24:10.

turned out to be much easier than we thought. We have plenty of them. We

:24:11.:24:17.

went to 15 clinics across Kampala, and 12 were prepared to give us a

:24:18.:24:22.

bogus negative. One woman who bought a fake result agreed to speak to us,

:24:23.:24:29.

but asked that we hide her identity. I had to get a fake result so I can

:24:30.:24:34.

be accepted in this company so that I can feed my child. I know that

:24:35.:24:41.

what I did is illegal. But at least it saved my life. Activists and

:24:42.:24:46.

experts say the stigma is hurting the country's fight against the

:24:47.:24:50.

disease because it can result in HIV-positive people becoming too

:24:51.:24:58.

scared to access treatment. We showed our footage to Uganda's

:24:59.:25:02.

Minister of health. He admitted the government wasn't dealing

:25:03.:25:09.

effectively with the problem. It is a challenge for government and the

:25:10.:25:17.

country to pull up its socks and fixed the problem. Uganda's fight

:25:18.:25:24.

against HIV has been impressive. But unless it tackles the entrenched

:25:25.:25:27.

stigma against those who are infected with the virus, it runs the

:25:28.:25:32.

risk of HIV rates continuing to rise, leaving a large section of its

:25:33.:25:35.

population living in the shadows. Are you surprised by this story? Do

:25:36.:25:51.

you require HIV test results to get a job? We want to hear from you

:25:52.:25:55.

using the hastag FakeHIVtest. We will be discussing these issues and

:25:56.:25:58.

your thoughts throughout the day on BBC World News, culminating with

:25:59.:26:01.

that indepth analysis on BBC Focus on Africa at 1730 GMT.

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Now me take you to a helicopter shot of the UK.

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Here in the UK, the arrival of spring usually means a burst of rain

:26:31.:26:34.

showers. Today you're more likely to need a face mask. This is the scene

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in Central London right now, as record levels of air pollution hit

:26:39.:26:41.

the country. Normally this view would be clear, but you can see just

:26:42.:26:51.

how dense the pollution clouds are. It's all been caused by a

:26:52.:26:54.

combination of dust from the Sahara, low winds, emissions from mainland

:26:55.:26:57.

Europe and everyday pollution. And I can tell you, it's extremely

:26:58.:26:58.

unpleasant.

:26:59.:27:02.

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