04/11/2011 World News Today


04/11/2011

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This is BBC World News Today with me, Zeinab Badawi. The future of

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Greece's Prime Minister, George Papandreou, hangs in the balance.

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He faces a knife-edge vote of confidence in the Greek Parliament.

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As crowds gathered outside Parliament, we report live on his

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political gamble which has shaken the Mirror. -- the euro.

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The situation in Greece dominates the G20 summit in Cannes. The US

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tells Europe they can manage the crisis. There is more hard work

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ahead and difficult choices to make but our European partners have laid

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a foundation on which to build. Reports of 100 deaths in the Syrian

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city of Homs after two days of protests.

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Coming up: The prosecution and the defence have made their closing

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arguments. This is not a reality show. It is reality. Now the jury

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in a trial of Michael Jackson's doctor considers its verdict.

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And a little wobbly, but all smiles, as six men emerged from self-

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imposed isolation lasting more than 500 days. Why would they have

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Hello and welcome. The G20 summit in Cannes had been hoping to lay

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down plans to stimulate global economic growth. Instead the crisis

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in Greece has dominated the agenda. Let's go live to Athens.

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Good evening and welcome to Athens. In three hours' time, George

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Papandreou, the Greek Prime Minister, will know his fate. He

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has been under growing calls to resign following his unilateral

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declaration that there should be a referendum on a bail-out so

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painstakingly agreed at a Brussels summit last week. In Athens the

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protesters have taken to the streets once again. The Communists

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came in earlier on receiving an hour of the groups have joined them,

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to say that Greece should not have to shoulder any more pain as a

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result of the austerity measures that have been implemented by the

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European Union to prevent Greece from defaulting on its debt, to

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prevent Greece from falling out of the eurozone. Let's get this report

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from our correspondent, Matthew Price.

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Greek members of Parliament have been arriving this evening for a

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confidence vote that is too close to call. Some rebel MPs have

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indicated that they may now back their leader. Even if he survives,

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he is weakened. The country faces continuing political uncertainty.

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This is the man at the eye of the storm. Greece's Prime Minister

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caused panic when he suggested a referendum on the latest debt bail-

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out package for the country. Many here feared that no vote might mean

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Greece would have to leave the euro and few want that. What with the

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situation be after leaving Europe? They think it would be much worse.

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If you leave the euro? If we leave the euro. I think that we will be

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totally alone. Without the help of Europe, things would be very

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difficult for Greece. Already Europe is losing confidence in

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Greece's ability to deal with its debt problem. This is very much the

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epicentre of the global financial uncertainty at the moment. Until

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the politicians in this building can work out exactly who will run

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in Greece, Europe stands very little chance of being able to

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contain its debt crisis. Already the political turbulence here is

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affecting other vulnerable economies, especially Italy. But in

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the cafes here, you find little belief that the current politicians

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can get them out of this mass. never know. Maybe things need to

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get so dark before a great leader comes around and makes a big change.

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Once again there is a demonstration tonight. Anger outside the

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Parliament and inside. Even from members of the Prime Minister's own

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party. TRANSLATION: We are being asked to vote in favour of a

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Government but everyone knows they have lost the trust of the people

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of Greece and the international community. The next few hours will

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determine much. The future of Greece's Prime Minister, the future

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of his country, and to a large extent the future of Europe.

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Events in Greece and the eurozone debt crisis have dominated the

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summit of the world's richest nations. Barack Obama has urged

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European leaders to sort out the problems, to take aggressive steps

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to fix the financial crisis. The French President Nicolas Sarkozy,

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closing the G20 summit, said that Europe would do everything to

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protect the euro. Let's get this report from our diplomatic

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correspondent, James Robbins. This summit did not write to the

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rescue of the euro and the eurozone. Leaders of the world's major

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economies place that responsibility on the members of the currency

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union itself. Several heads of Government made clear that Europe

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could afford to heal itself. In the midst of crisis in Greece and Italy,

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Barack Obama barely concealed his exasperation with European

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decision-making. He said he had learned a lot in the past few days

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about how laborious it was. He pointedly made clear his view that

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the eurozone, including wealthy Germany, could afford to save

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itself. Having heard from our European partners over the past two

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days, I am confident that Europe has the capacity to meet this

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challenge. I know it is not easy, but it is absolutely critical. It

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is what the world looks for in moments such as this, action.

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also pushed Silvio Berlusconi into accepting that the IMF should

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monitor his Government's debt reduction programme, to reduce the

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risk of financial catastrophe in one of the largest economies of the

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eurozone. Italy insists it volunteered, but this amounts to a

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public audit every quarter by the IMF. The G20 did agree that the

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resources of the International Monetary Fund needed strengthening

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to help individual countries around the world. But no figures will be

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agreed before February next year. President Sarkozy had hoped for so

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much for this meeting and he stressed the positive. We have

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committed ourselves to reinforcing the means of the IMF if necessary.

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To achieve this objective, the IMF should fulfil its role. The finance

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ministers during a future meeting in February have instructions to

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table, instructions and plans to achieve this within the IMF. China,

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with its huge earnings from the surplus of export over import, says

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it will allow greater flexibility for its currency. That should

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correct some of the imbalance in world trade that hurts weaker

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countries. Other proposals including a tax on financial

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transactions to fund aid to the world's poor met stiff opposition,

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or were pushed off the agenda by the subject that dominated the

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summit, the crisis in the eurozone. As we heard and that report, the

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G20 agreed to boost the resources of the IMF, to deal with the crisis

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now besetting the eurozone. And also to monitor more closely what

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Greece is up to in terms of its financial reforms. Our economics

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editor has been speaking to the head of the IMF, Christine Lagarde.

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End of the summit and time to reflect on whether the world is

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safer now than it was a few days ago before the drama kicked off in

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Greece. This summit started with France and Germany 10 increase that

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it could not hold the eurozone to ransom. -- 10 increase. But it felt

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that they were doing the same to the world economy. The answer came

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back this afternoon, no. Or at least not yet. I asked the managing

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director of the IMF if she was disappointed. For the moment I have

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sufficient resources to face requests. But if there was a crisis,

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if there was escalating demands, then the members of the IMF present

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in the room today said we will put what it takes to make sure that you

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can continue to play. Even a few hours ago, people certainly on the

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French side and in other countries were saying that we are going to

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see numbers in that communicate, and an increase. Is it not the case

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that the rest of the World said no, this is Europe's job and we will

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not cough up more money. Everybody understands that it is Europe's job.

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The Europeans heard it and they actually said it was their job to

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face a crisis. Italy has asked for her help, but there is no money

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attached to that either. I am coming to Italy. Because I am

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invited, you see. We will go quarterly. We will check that what

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Italy has promised, it is delivering. If it is not delivering,

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I will say so. The problem for Italy was its cost of borrowing was

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rising in the markets. It has leapt today on hearing that news, so it

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is not going very well so far. Let's see how things pan out. If

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you look at the way that markets assess risks, it is very bizarre.

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Two De Beers have been broken here. Europe's leaders have for many

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drawn a link between Italy and the IMF, and they have openly

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contemplated the possibility of a country leaving the euro. Now they

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have to hope they have not tempted fate.

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Let's talk to Christian favour, who has been in Cannes for us for the

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G20 summit throughout. -- Christian Fraser. They look ready to fight

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war on two friends. In Greece there are problems, but also in Italy as

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well. Very much so. I think the many summits that were going on

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last night after the dinner suggests that there are real

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concerns about Italy. That caused to yield prices on ten-year Italian

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bonds to rise much past the levels they were at in August. The ECB

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intervened then. Angela Merkel is probably worried that they will

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turn on Italy and she looked very glum tonight. One of the statement

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that she made this morning, she said that she had had no money

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promised by the G20 countries will this fire wall to protect Italy. I

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am hearing downstairs that there is also frustration with the Germans.

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Not only are the Germans tough austerity within the eurozone, they

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are also tough on the European Central Bank. This into Christine

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Lagarde, I think there is a sentiment from her that the ECB

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should be doing more. -- listening to Christine Lagarde. They cannot

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rely on European partners to prop up the eurozone. Germany might have

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to do more and relax its view of what the ECB does at the end of the

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day. This is an example of economics meeting politics. This is

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where the economics needs German history. The Germans are very, very

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reluctant about the idea of the ECB printing money. Absolutely. They

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are terrified of hyperinflation. Just a quick history recap. In the

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1920s, people needed wheelbarrow loads to buy a loaf of bread. The

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highest priced stamp in 1920 was four marks and by 1923 it was 50

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billion. That might be a long time ago but it is in the DNA of German

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people and they remember it and they don't like the idea of funny

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money, putting it simply. The Brits and those outside the eurozone are

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saying that is all well and good, but you did not have to sign up to

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the eurozone. It was your idea, and putting it bluntly it is up to you

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guys to fix it. I think that is the message that has been delivered in

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no uncertain terms this week. you very much.

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In Athens, that vote is taking place in a little under three hours

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time. That might start to map out some of the political future for

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Greece. Whether there will be any more political uncertainty about

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the decisions being taken and implemented in this country. In a

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sense, that has been a problem. There is political paralysis. What

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George Papandreou and the Greek people need tonight is a sense that

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a direction has been set and that it will be followed. That has been

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sadly lacking in recent weeks and months. From Athens, back to the

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studio. Thank you.

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A colleague Jon Sopel and of course we are waiting for that vote of

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confidence in the great Parliament and if there is any news, we will

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bring it to you. -- Greek Parliament.

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Medical officials in Homs have told the BBC that the hospital has

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received 100 corpses in the past 48 hours. Medical officials have

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condemned the clamp down, saying that the Government is breaking the

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commitment to an Arab League clamp down. We report from Turkey, where

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many Syrians have fled following the unrest.

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A hasty funeral for somebody reportedly killed after the peace

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deal was agreed. Opposition activist so that the death toll

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since the announcement on Wednesday show that the Syrian Government

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cannot be trusted. The Arab League is making specific demands on the

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President. Add to remove the military from the streets, release

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prisoners, and allow monitors and Instead, he has come back with an

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offer of his own, giving opposition groups two weeks. It is hard to

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envisage that he will withdraw his forces from the main cities. The

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minute he withdraws these forces, he will see millions of people on

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the streets because the fear factor will no longer be there. People

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will demand his downfall and his position will be even weaker.

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reports we are getting from serious suggest nothing has changed yet. --

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from Syria. Statements from doctors talking about 100 patients or more

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in hospitals suggest the violence may have escalated. What is

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proposed by the Arab League is the only deal on offer now. The only

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possibility to stop Syria sliding into civil war. But it needs to

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show some results soon if the Syrians are to believe in it.

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The Chinese foreign ministry has said recent incidents of Tibetan

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monks and nuns are setting themselves alight in protest

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against Chinese rule should be condemned. The remarks come a day

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after a Buddhist nun are burnt herself to death in western China.

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In India, and ethnic Tibetan tried to set himself on fire in front of

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the Chinese embassy today. He was quickly overpowered by police, who

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extinguished the fire. Rescuers in China are continuing

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efforts to reach 50 miners trapped underground in central Henan

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province. The mineshaft collapsed shortly after a low level

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earthquake. 14 miners managed to escape immediately and seven were

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subsequently rescued. At least six people have been

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killed and flash floods that last general and easterly's western

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coastline to date. The water rage through the town, uprooting trees

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and sweeping cars and furniture through the streets. -- Italy's

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western coastline. Do Liberian opposition candidate

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has said he will not take part in the country's one of presidential

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election next week. He was due to stand against the incumbent

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president and from from that, a recent Nobel Peace Prize winner. He

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said he could not legitimise the process.

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Israel's may be has boarded two bodes carrying pro Palestinian

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activists, trying to break the Israeli blockade of Gaza. The boat

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set sail from Turkey on Wednesday carrying medical supplies and

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nearly 30 add to this will stop Israel says the seizure of the

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vessel had taken place peacefully. After six weeks of evidence and

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testimony, the jury in the trial of Michael Jackson's Dr has begun

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considering its verdict in Los Angeles. Dr Conrad Murray is

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charged with involuntary manslaughter and faces up to four

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years in jail if convicted. He is accused of causing the start's

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death in 2009 by Reg Presley administering a dose of the

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powerful tranquilliser propofol, and then trying to cover his tracks.

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He denies involuntary manslaughter. For six weeks, America has followed

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every step of this trial. Each day the Jackson family were in court,

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to see the man accused of killing Michael. Conrad Murray, presented

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as unethical - of the man who broke the trust between doctor and

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patient out of greed. Michael Jackson was shown

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rehearsing for a demanding run of concerts in London. Hours later, he

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was dead. He had become dependent on the drug propofol to sleep. It

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is a powerful anaesthetic, normally used in hospitals. Experts

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explained that it should never be given at home without monitoring

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equipment. Dr Murray provided it, and was paid �100,000 a month. He

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was out of the room when Michael Jackson stopped breathing and did

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not call emergency services for 20 minutes. Michael Jackson trusted

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Conrad Murray, but Conrad Murray corrupted that relationship and,

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for that, Michael Jackson paid with his life. Their defence claimed to

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Michael Jackson had injected himself with the drug that killed

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him. Or they are really asking you to do is to convict Dr Murray for

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the absence of Michael Jackson. If you are going to hold Dr Murray

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responsible, don't do it because it is Michael Jackson. -- at the

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actions of Michael Jackson. This is not a reality show, it is reality.

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The jury started deliberations a few hours ago. They have to decide

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not just whether Conrad Murray was negligent or unethical in the way

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he treated his patient, but whether his actions directly led to to the

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death of Michael Jackson. Six men and, more than 500 days

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together in total isolation in giant metal tubes - now, that

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sounds like something you would not normally volunteer to do. But in

:20:16.:20:20.

this case, it was all part of a Russian experiment to simulate a

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mission to Mars and back. The aim was to plan ahead for a possible

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voyage to the distant, but reachable, it red planet.

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It was the door that had not been open for 520 days. Behind it, six

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men who, for 17 months, had only had each other for company. Then,

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pale from a lack of sunlight but smiling, they started to emerge.

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They had been on one of the strangest space missions of recent

:20:49.:20:57.

years - a voyage to know where, but simulating a journey to Mars.

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really great to see you all again. Rather overwhelming. On the Mars500

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mission, we have achieved on Earth the longest space voyage ever, so

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that's humankind can one day greet a new dawn on the service of a

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distant, but reachable, planet. idea was to test whether the men

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could endear the stress and boredom of a long space voyage. Their minds

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and bodies were checked continuously postop they kept

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themselves amused at Christmas, for example, but scientists at --

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insist this was a serious experiment. The most exciting

:21:37.:21:41.

moment for the men during their 17 month-long mission was stepping out

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onto this pile of sand, the simulation of a walk on the surface

:21:45.:21:51.

of Mars. But the experiment had major shortcomings. There was no

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weightlessness, or space radiation, and the men were never in any real

:21:55.:22:01.

danger. Save for, man has only been to the moon. It took three days to

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cover the distance. -- so far. Just getting to Mars will take at least

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250 days. It is a minimum of 35 million miles, but astronauts say

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it is within reach. If we make a real big effort starting today, I

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think we can do it in 15 years. More realistically, I think it is

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it more in the order of 25 years. For decades, Mars has been a

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distant dream for those interested in human space flight. Today it

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came a little bit closer. Let's discuss this a bit more.

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Joining us from Leicester is Anu Ojha, a director of the UK National

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Space Centre. It seems a bit of a strange thing to have done, doesn't

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it? Would you have volunteered for it, by the way? Interesting. When

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they put it forward, I did consider it. We need to remember, these guys

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have gone deep into the human Psyche. As well as the engineering

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and scientific talent has of getting to Mars, being cooped up

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for 17 months and isolated from the rest of humanity will push the

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human mind to the limits. When the results come out from this

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experiment, they will transform our understanding of human psychology

:23:19.:23:24.

as it relates to did space missions. But in what way would this really

:23:24.:23:34.
:23:34.:23:35.

help us understand better, first of all? Earth is the one planet in the

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solar system that we know is teeming with life. The Mall world's

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we know to compare hours to, the more we will understand it. Mars is

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a schizophrenic planet. It has an atmosphere but it is incredibly

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thin. We have all these clues that billions of years ago, it was a

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warmer, wetter world with oceans and rivers. What we know about

:23:58.:24:02.

Earth is that if the conditions are right for live, it thrives.

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Ultimately, why we want to explore Mars is to find out if life was

:24:07.:24:11.

ever bed. If we can confirm that, even if it is just my grades, we

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will know that we are not alone in the universe. -- microbes have.

:24:19.:24:21.

Poor demeanour about whether Mars could have supported live in the

:24:21.:24:26.

past or will in future? Spacecraft orbiting Mars have detected gases

:24:26.:24:31.

that, on Earth, are produced by biological processes. We have got

:24:31.:24:39.

more controversial Cleese. I have got a sample of the planet here. I

:24:39.:24:46.

don't know if you can see this on camera. It is just a few grains of

:24:46.:24:50.

rock and dust but this is a meteorite from Mars. It fell on

:24:50.:24:56.

Earth in 1911. There are 16 or 17 of these that we found around Earth

:24:56.:25:01.

but three in particular have got tell-tale clues that they could

:25:01.:25:06.

have been produced by biological processes. In the scientific

:25:06.:25:09.

community, if you have an extraordinary claim you need

:25:09.:25:12.

extraordinary evidence. As much as I would love this to be evidence of

:25:12.:25:17.

ancient life on Mars, the only way we will settle this issue for once

:25:17.:25:22.

and for all is to send a crew of human scientists to Mars. When do

:25:22.:25:28.

you think it might be feasible that humans will actually reach Mars?

:25:28.:25:33.

People are amazed to find out that we could have gone to Mars in the

:25:33.:25:36.

1980s if the Americans hadn't pushed through the space shuttle

:25:36.:25:44.

approached -- space shuttle plan. It was always the Russians' goal. I

:25:44.:25:49.

am unlikely to see activity on Mars in my lifetime. I would like to but

:25:49.:25:53.

it will certainly be when I am in retirement. But when that grew

:25:53.:26:01.

actually goes, they will be taking humanity's next giant leap.

:26:01.:26:06.

Anu Ojha, clearly a man with a mission and a passion. Thank you

:26:06.:26:10.

for talking to us. A reminder of the main news:

:26:10.:26:14.

Outside the Greek parliament in Athens, protesters are gathering.

:26:14.:26:20.

These are live pictures we are showing you. Inside, the Prime

:26:20.:26:25.

Minister, George Papandreou, is facing a vote of confidence. He

:26:25.:26:29.

sparked an angry response in Greece and elsewhere in the world -

:26:29.:26:33.

particularly in Europe - over a plan to hold a referendum on the

:26:33.:26:38.

latest bail-out plan for Greece, which is listed of austerity

:26:38.:26:41.

measures there. He has abandoned his referendum proposal but there

:26:41.:26:46.

have been numerous demands for his resignation. We are still waiting

:26:46.:26:48.

for the results of that vote of confidence in the Greek parliament.

:26:48.:26:55.

It is a knife-edge vote. Brummie, goodbye and enjoy your weekend. --

:26:55.:27:03.

We have had a few showers today that should ease overnight. First

:27:03.:27:08.

thing tomorrow, it should not be too bad as start. However, that is

:27:08.:27:11.

going to change in the south through the day, because we have

:27:11.:27:16.

got this weather system approaching. It will, in from the near Continent

:27:16.:27:20.

overnight tonight and arrive in the far south-east in the early hours

:27:20.:27:25.

of tomorrow. That will spill westwards along with some outbreaks

:27:25.:27:33.

of rain. At around 3pm, Yorkshire will turn cloudy and Lincolnshire

:27:33.:27:37.

will turn damp through the afternoon. Rain for East Anglia and

:27:37.:27:40.

much of south-east England. Southern Counties turning

:27:40.:27:45.

increasingly grey but luckily staying dry. Further west, a dry,

:27:45.:27:52.

bright day. To stay in brighter across South West England and Wales

:27:52.:27:56.

as we had through the afternoon. For Northern Ireland and Scotland,

:27:56.:28:00.

we are in the same boat again. High pressure builds and keeps the

:28:00.:28:06.

weather fronts at bay. We stick with dry up with an sunshine for

:28:06.:28:12.

Scotland, and light winds to boot. Through the evening, expected to

:28:12.:28:16.

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