31/05/2016 The One Show


31/05/2016

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Hello and welcome to The One Show with Matt Baker.

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Our guest this evening is a man who has left his mark -

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His next giant leap is conquering Mars.

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It's true to say there's a real buzz in the studio

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tonight - please welcome Honourable Lunar Pioneer, Dr Buzz Aldrin!

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Nice to have you with us. I cannot believe that! It is not quite

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official yet! You like going for titles overhear! We are working on

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it! We have been reading up on you. You have an extraordinary past.

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Buzz, your father was an aviation pioneer.

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And your mum was even called Marion Moon.

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Your career was written in the stars. What would you want to be as

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a young child? And aviator. And barely aviator pioneer, aviation was

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all around my family, my uncle was flying aeroplanes, my aunt was a

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stewardess for Easter airlines. About the same time I was born.

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Aviation all-around. And my father was the manager of new work airport.

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Just before World War II started. I was a teenager, seeing the effects

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of aeroplanes and their effectiveness. I bet your family

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could not believe what you went on to do? My word! And the liveable! --

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unbelievable. We'll be hearing more about your

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amazing life and your new book Buzz, you're one of

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the few people to have travelled at 17,500mph -

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albeit in space. And when you come back, you are

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going faster than that! I will have to give you a lesson! On

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aerodynamics! This is good. We are focusing on speeding.

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But speeding down here on Earth is fast becoming

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a thing of the past - especially if you're travelling

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on the A9 in Scotland, as Kevin Duala has been finding out.

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Loch Morley beach in the heart of the Scottish Cairngorms. Beautiful.

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And tranquil. But get to hear and it is a different story. This is the

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A9, the main route through Scotland. The highway to the Highlands but it

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hasn't deadly reputation. Near misses. Close shaves. Bumper to

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bumper. Around 80 people every year are killed or seriously injured on

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this road. -- eight. It is no surprise that the A9 is home to the

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UK's longest stretch of prominent average speed cameras, costing over

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?3 million. They cover over 100 mile 's. Chances are they could be coming

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to a road near you soon. The One Show has been given exclusive access

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to a study by the RAC about the rapid growth of the average speed

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cameras. Richard Ayoade is the author. It is likely we shall see

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growth, they are becoming more popular with local authorities and

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the people who control major roads. Motorists think they are fairer

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because they don't just take the individual speed at any point and

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they are better at reducing casualties. For the first time they

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have been mapped. There are over 250 miles of them across the UK, double

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and two years ago. Official figures claim average speed cameras have

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halved serious crashes on the A9 but campaigner Mike Burns is convinced

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that micro-dash-macro not convinced. Surely the speed cameras is a good

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thing the smack they would be a good thing if speed was the problem and

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we discovered when we went further is that speeding was less than 2% of

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accidents. The quality of driving is reported as far from improving.

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Drivers are finding it equally as frustrating and have to really

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concentrate on this road for 100 mile 's and it is not a place were

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driving at speed by anyone. I can see his point because I am stuck

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behind a lorry. Do I overtake or run the risk? What are my options?

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Patience, taking in the scenery? I am going to get to my destination,

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but safely. Figures suggest average speed cameras cut deaths and serious

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injuries by 70%. One in 10,000 drivers who pass through them face a

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fine. Stewart is in charge of the cameras on the A9. Cameras are not

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loved by everyone but I think a lot more people on the A9 recognised the

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benefits they bring. What we have seen here since July last year until

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December was for the first time since records began in the 1970s, no

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fatal accidents at any point. When somebody says they don't think they

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work and twist statistics, they are not, they are making a difference.

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How do people feel about them? Time for a change of scene. The top of

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Cairngorm mountain. I have to say, absolutely beautiful. With

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everything here from tourists to smoked salmon being transported by

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roads, is it worth the extra journey times the cameras can cause? In

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Florida blue on traffic reports there are always problems on the A9,

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safety is paramount and that has to come before the convenience of the

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driver. I always allocate extra time for any hold-ups. I never rush.

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Forward thinking and planning is always a good thing. I use the A9

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forthcoming at North and there are some moments of Terry overtaking and

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cars trying to squeeze in front of trucks and some people go to fast so

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I think this is a good thing. People seem to like them here and if our

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survey is borne out, we will see a lot more of them. In the meantime, I

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am Ofcom, at an average speed of no more than 60 mph. -- I am going

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home. They just increase my blood pressure! You are very aware of

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that! They make you feel slightly sick!

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The research The One Show carried out has made

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The second most read story on the BBC News website. These cameras

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appear to be proliferating. Yes, the length of the UK network

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covered by permanent average speed cameras has more than

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doubled since 2013. Then, 127 miles of road

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were covered. Now it's more than

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263 miles in total. There are 51 different systems

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across the UK and the first place was Nottingham. The longest stretch

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of road is the A9 between Dublin and Inverness and the shortest is Tower

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Bridge in London. -- Dunblane. You don't have film any more? Why is

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that? All of these pictures... When they first started they had 35mm

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film but it is digital now. These days they are cheaper. If you are a

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council buying them in early 2000 they would set you back ?1.5 million

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for every mile and now they are ?150,000. We are not encouraging

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breaking speed limits at all. But... Is any sort of leeway? Some

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percentage that you can get away with? You are committing an offence

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if you go even one-mile over the official speed limit.

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But the National Police Chiefs Council suggests police forces don't

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prosecute until drivers exceed a margin of error of 10%

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of the speed limit to take into account driver concentration,

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If you are going at 35 mph in a 30 mile zone, you might avoid the fine.

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At 36, perhaps on the eastbound carriageway going out of Brighton,

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as I did ten years ago, you might get a fine, as I did! Smile at the

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camera! Is that the trick is Mike or wink! Perhaps some people do that! A

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hand signal perhaps? Only one of them comes to mind! Some of them

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might not work! Going fast but not getting a big fine? The cameras we

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commonly use, fixed flashing cameras, a study into those find

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that reports of their demise has been exaggerated. Only one fifth are

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not working, and we talk about film and its cameras some of them have

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gone out of date. But can't enter cancelled all of the speed cameras

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but it left them in place like scarecrows! But none of them work.

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However, it has been announced they will put new ones in. If you see the

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sign that says Cameron- smile! As you drive along... You don't even

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need the camera! With the sign, people will slow down! The deterrent

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effect. And they last met, a couple of years ago I was flashed twice in

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one journey, half a mile apart. You did not tell me that these

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cameras flash! Is it true that discretion can rule and sometimes

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you will only get one set of points? It comes down to the definition of

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whether it was the same occasion and a magistrate or police officer might

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decide the same occasion might amount to the same journey or

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separate breaking of the speed limit on the same journey. Technically,

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you could get done twice. A lot depends on whether they have paid

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for the camera! They have to make their money back! That is also an

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acquisition. Have you got all the information you wanted? Yes, I feel

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ready to go! Good luck with the journey! Thank you.

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Apart from being one of the first humans to have stepped foot

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on the moon, you served as a fighter jet pilot during the Korean War,

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He has an asteroid and crater named after him and continues to be

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an advocate of space science and planetary exploration.

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So let's remind ourselves why you're a lunar pioneer.

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A superb palette. Buzz Aldrin,... -- pilot. Three, two, one, we have

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liftoff! Apollo 11, how do you read? The Eagle has landed. That is one

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small step for man... One giant leap for mankind.

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APPLAUSE. When you see those pictures, how

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does that make you feel? Older! What emotions does that create? I like

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parades. I was in the Memorial Day parade in Washington. As far as the

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moon is concerned... There are parades on the moon. Not yet! We

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might send someone people... Maybe! -- send more people.

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You've decided to share some of the rules you live your life

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by with us in your new book, No Dream Is Too High.

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The first lesson is, the sky is not limit. Easy for you to say! Is a

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true that after you set foot on the moon for the first time, and came

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back to earth, daily struggle because you had picked, in a sense?

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-- peaked. If we send you to the moon, when you came back, life would

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be a little different. The One Show... Who did the big show! On the

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Moon! Your life would be different and mine was, also. Maybe it is like

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some of the soldiers that comeback. They have a time readjusting because

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of things that happened. People forget them. They do not remember.

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And they are ignored, maybe. That did not happen here. We make

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speeches. We meet kings and queens. That is what I mean by changing your

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life. You will be known. How do you put that into

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perspective, then? What was the key with dealing to the fact that you

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went to the moon and life goes on? Well, my decision was to go back to

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the air force. I happened to be the first astronaut who decided to go

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back. And I didn't quite get the assignment I was hoping for at the

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Air Force Academy, but I was unusual, because I had no test pilot

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training when I applied. Most of the others did. That was the sort of

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career I wanted. It turned out, if you want to go out there, at least

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Life magazine said so, you have to be trained as a test pilot, I

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wasn't. So I applied anyway, my friend called me and said, but I

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applied again the next year, with a little persistence, a trip or two to

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show the people what I was doing at MIT, rendezvous in space. That was

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going to be pretty valuable. One of your other lessons is maintain your

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spirit of adventure. Now, what we love about you, Buzz, you have been

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to the highest and the deepest points, because you love under the

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water, this is your happy place. Wide? Where did that love come from?

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What do you feel that you do not get on the surface? When you are down 30

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feet and just moving around, looking at the corals and the little fish,

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and you look up and see the water, the surface, everybody else is up

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there. They have all sorts of problems, I don't have any problems!

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I'm just down here. No, really, it is a fantastic way to get out of

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this world. Exactly, it is another world, you cannot quite put your

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finger on why, we just wait wonderful photograph of you with a

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whale shark. They are big! They are massive! Is it right that you were

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80 when you did that? I had to ask my son, because he was following and

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arranging the trip, I said, whale shark? What is that? Well, it's not

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a wail and it's not a shark. It does not have to come up to breathe, it

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has got small teeth, a shark has got big teeth. I checked that out before

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I...! Listen, the book that you have written is full of so many of your

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life lessons, and wonderful anecdotes to go with the gender

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everyone of them. It certainly makes you think, very much worth a read.

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-- to go with each and every one of them. No Dream Is Too High is out

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now. Sometimes you do not learn lessons unless you write them down!

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Failure is always an option, that is one of my favourites. You have

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shared some of your life lessons, so what we did, we asked our viewers

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whether they would be kind enough to share some of theirs, this is what

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they have to say. If you don't ask, you don't get.

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Seize the day. Have fun and enjoy life. It is never too late. I have

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recently gone back to college. I just felt the need to, like, almost

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reinvent myself. I never wanted to look back with regret. My life

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mantra is positive mental attitude. What you see on my face is the

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result of a car accident. I spent nearly six months in hospital. From

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that, I believe firmly that it is my positive mental attitude which got

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me to where I am today. My life mantra is to never give up.

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Aim high and achieve your goals. Treat others with the respect that

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you would like to be treated with. I am Alison, and I am 54. I had a

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sister, Heather, who died five years ago of breast cancer, and I learned

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from that experience that life is far too short. And do not take

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yourself too seriously. That is what my sister would have wanted me to

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live by, and I have since the day she died. She will be up there now,

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looking down, saying go for it, girl.

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Wasn't that wonderful? Thank you to each and every one of you. Keep your

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mind open to possibilities, show me your friends and I will show you

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your future. That is so true! Second comes right after first, of course!

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I like this one, trust your gut and instruments. Very good if you are an

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astronaut! And always keep laughing. That is my favourite one. You know

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Murphy's law? You know that? Ish! It is like the failure one. If

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something can go wrong, it will. I always like these, we could go on

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for ever, luck is a lifetime of preparation for a moment of

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opportunity. You say that quite a lot. It is true, though, you have

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got to be ready! So you have conquered the moon and you are on to

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Mars, what is the vision? I never thought of it as conquering, we

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kicked up some dust! That is pretty much conker, we will go with Congo.

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What about Mars, then? What is the vision? -- conquer. It is the

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destination that has been mentioned by maybe five presidents, but I

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think we are going to make it a little closer. Because we have got

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to do something, because we have been getting lower and lower and

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lower. Are you predicting that we will have, like, almost, I don't

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know, a town almost out there that people will go to and stay there for

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ever? Is that these thought? It has been called a base, and if you have

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a base on Mars, it would be nice to design and and then put a base on

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the moon, practice doing it there. You could do it for other countries

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to make use of, design it, landed, build it. So now we know how to do

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these things. There is a lot of that in my cycling pathways to Mars. It

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is not visit Mars and then come back. Most of the plans that Nasa

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has, they do that, but you can occupy, because if you visit and

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come back, Mars is empty, nobody is there. So it is to inhabit. You can

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occupy, people can stay, someone else comes in, then they come home.

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You end up with a fixed number of people. But now you are sending

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people and bringing them back all the time, it would be much better to

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inhabit, go there and stay. That would be something. You would put a

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lot of money into picking those people. There is a lot of red, white

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and blue flying around as you wave your arms up and down, can we have a

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look at your sock as well? I don't know if you can see, beautiful red,

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white and blue socks. New York skyline! I am sure that this anthem

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would have played many times as this picture was shown around the world.

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But I bet, Buzz, did you know that the anthem is actually, ready, a

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British export? Now then! De Star Spangled Banner is

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quintessentially American and has been delayed for more than 100 years

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and patriotic events and ceremonies. It became the official bash in

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London in 1931. The words may be American, but it originated this

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side of the pond as the official song of a wealthy gentleman's club

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in London. The Anacreontic Society health parties for amateur

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musicians. Its name came from an ancient Greek poet. The gentleman

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would enjoy food and music, joining in for the club anthem.

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SINGING For a communal anthem, this is a

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notoriously hard tune to sing. It is easy to sing if you are

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professionally trained, it has this huge range. It goes from here to

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here. It can't be that hard. # Me to end wine... #

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At which point... You are struggling. I could see why

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it was written for a musical society, because even for a good

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amateur, it is really quite tricky, isn't it? But you cannot keep a good

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tune a secret, and soon the melody was being used with different

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lyrics, not just in Britain but also abroad. The melody quickly travelled

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to America, and it was on September the 14th 1814 that the version we

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know today came into being as British ships bombarded the American

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Fort McHenry, American lawyer Francis Scott Key was on a British

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ship and negotiating the release of a prisoner. Seeing the fort's

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belated American flag flying throughout the fight, he was

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inspired to write a poem, which is set to the tune from the Anacreontic

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Society. It included anti-British lines like, their blood has washed

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out their foul footsteps' pollution, words which are still sung to this

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day. So, ironically, the Americans had adopted a British melody as the

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basis for the anthem, but who was it that wrote the music? The original

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sheet music still exists, but the composer was not credited and seemed

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lost for ever in history. That was until the 1970s, two centuries after

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it was written. A librarian at the US library of Congress bothered the

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composer's name in a gentleman's account of his visit to the

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Anacreontic Society. The connection confirmed that the US national

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anthem Tuesday June written by John Stafford Smith. -- used a tune. He

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was the son of the organist at Gloucester Cathedral. This is his

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memorial. Loved by the Anacreontic Society for his songs, he was

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invited to become a member, and it is easy to see how one of his

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melodies would be adopted as a club anthem. The Anacreontic Society

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continued for more than two decades, until the Duchess of Devonshire

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attended one evening. She hid behind the screen, but the gentleman felt

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they had to tone down their jokes, and many resigned in protest. By

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1792, the society was no more. As for John Stafford Smith's legacy,

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well, his melody is stitched into the very fabric of American life.

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Whenever the national flag is unfurled. And Gloucester Cathedral

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still flies the Stars and Stripes in honour of a citizen's achievement.

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So who better to perform the original Anacreontic Society song

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than the Gloucester Cathedral choir? SINGING

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It is the truth! Thanks so much, Buzz. It has been

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wonderful. From the man on the moon to the angel of the North, tomorrow

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we have got Alan Shearer! Shears, Buzz!

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Mr Reginald Keys? We're from Army notification.

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About your brother. He's been shot dead.

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