17/02/2016 Outside Source

are you are welcome to Outside Source. Starting in Ankara, there

has been a car bomb where at least 28 people have died. We will be live

there in a moment. David Cameron is making a last-minute push to get

support for his proposed reforms to the relationship between the UK and

the European Union. The FBI has asked Apple to hack into the phone

of the San Bernardino gunmen and Apple are saying they do not want

to. Rear good news from Syria, an aid convoy getting into one of five

besieged areas that has been opened up after an agreement between the UN

and the Syrian government. And we're going to be talking about the Pope's

a visit to Mexico, going to one of the country's most violent cities

and we will talk about why that is so significant. And through the

hour, contact us through the hashtag BBCOS.

Beginning with the story that is developing over the last few hours.

It concerns Ankara. An explosion has been heard, as you can see on this

copy from Reuters, which came into the newsroom. The explosion started

with the Turkish media reports, and then widely it became established

that it was happening. This is one of the main newspapers in Turkey

quoting the prime ministers saying that at least 28 have been killed

and 61 injured. Nobody used the words terror attack. The ruling

party has described this as just that. I will show you where this has

happened. An area very close to the parliament in the capital and also

close to Turkey's military headquarters. And this is a

photograph taken from some distance away showing of this huge plume of

dark smoke rising into the night sky. The target appears to be

coaches carrying military personnel. This is one of the first pictures

shared from the scene, with security forces arriving, and a sense here of

the confusion and panic that played out. Live to Istanbul, where we can

speak to our correspondent. When we spoke a couple of hours ago, we knew

very little about this. What more have you learned? Still we know

little about who was behind these attacks and why. As you have said,

the death toll still stands at 28 and the number of injured is 61.

President began recently issued a statement vowing retaliatory

attacks. -- president purdah one. He says it is known that Turkey will

not shy away from using its rights to self defence, and their

determination to respond is getting stronger. The targets of the attack

was military personnel, and there were several vehicles waiting by the

traffic lights. The army condemned this as an outrageous attack.

Everyone is condemning the attacks, and on social media. Everyone is

offering condolences to the relatives of the dead. One tweet

said, for instance, enough is enough, do not kill any more, do not

make the people in this country sad any more. There is a dark mood in

Turkey but people expect answer snap. People want to know who was

behind these attacks. There are two usual suspects in Turkey, and one is

the Islamic State group that has been held responsible for several

attacks over the last couple of years. Including the one in Ankara

last October that killed over 100 people. And the second usual suspect

is a Kurdish militant group, the PKK. The ceasefire collapsed with

them last July and since then, hundreds of security personnel have

been killed along with civilians. We do not yet know who was behind the

attacks, but the government and the President about that their response

will be very strong. You mentioned two separate security concerns, the

Islamic State and the PKK. What does the government be doing to respond

to those two perceived threats? The government has been holding

operations, military operations, against the PKK. Hundreds of people

have been detained and in the south-east of Turkey, where there is

a predominantly Kurdish minority, there have been curfews in several

cities and the government said this showed the determination of the

country and the government to raise PKK militants and supporters from

these towns. But the PKK has been striking back hard. They have held

several attacks across the country. Of course we have to bear in mind

that this comes at a time when Turkey is increasingly getting

involved in the conflict in Syria. Over the last week they have been

shelling Kurdish militia targets, the Turkey sees as affiliated with

the PKK group. In the eyes of the government, the PKK is the first

suspect. Of course, we have to bear in mind that the Turkish government

has opened one of its air bases to the coalition against the Islamic

State, so people were concerned that Turkey could be becoming more of a

target for Islamic State attacks. Many thanks for your help. More

information coming in all the time from Ankara and when we get it, I

can access it immediately through this touch-screen. While we're

waiting for that increase in information to come to us, let's

talk about David Cameron, continuing last-minute negotiations over the

proposed reforms to the UK's relationship with the European

Union. There is a particular urgency to the diplomacy because on

Thursday, as you can see, there is a European Council summit. These are

the events where leaders of all 28 member states come together and one

of the main sticking points seem to be proposed curbs on the UK welfare

payments for migrants from the European Union. We know that there

are four countries in particular with concerns. Poland, Czech

Republic, and Hungary. Yesterday, the British government was saying it

was very happy to say it had broad support for these reforms from

members of the European Parliament but today, it has clearly got work

to do with those countries I have mentioned. But there was good news

from Angela Merkel. David Cameron's demands, far from being demands that

are just in Britain's interests, in some cases we must state quite the

opposite. Many of the issues are justified and necessary. And it is

not just European leaders that Mr Cameron has to convince. He also has

to convince key figures within his own party. The Conservatives. That

includes Boris Johnson, the mayor of London, you can see walking up

Downing Street today, talking to Norman Smith. He was there to speak

to Mr Cameron about these proposals, and whether he will publicly support

the reforms or not. He actually got stuck outside the door for a few

seconds until eventually someone let him in. He went in for about 40

minutes or so and eventually emerged from Number Ten. Lets talk to Carole

Walker, live from Westminster. He did not say much but do we get an

impression on whether he will be siding with the Prime Minister?

Boris Johnson has been keeping everyone in the dark, including the

Prime Minister as to which way he is going to go. What he has said is

that he is going to wait and see what exactly David Cameron comes

back with. He said before that he has no fears about Britainfuture

outside the EU, but that he thinks that there are problems inside the

European Union, but that he has not necessarily made up his mind to

campaign to leave the European Union. He has become a key figure

because those who do want to leave the European Union are desperately

looking for some kind of charismatic figure who can be a leader for their

campaign. Despite that less than impressive figure that he may have

cut as he wandered into Downing Street to try to get in the front

door, Boris Johnson is a politician who can reach out beyond the

Conservative Party's traditional base and perhaps reach out beyond

the sorts of voters that might be appealed to buy the Ukip campaigns,

convincing people that it is right for them to leave. But many suspect

that underneath it all, because of his loyalty to the Prime Minister

and because of the way that might play into his future career, when it

comes down to it he will eventually side with the Prime Minister, but we

will not know that until later on on Friday. What is happening is that

the Prime Minister will be holding a crucial cabinet meeting when he gets

back from Brussels with the deal. And at that point, cabinet ministers

and others will be free to say what they really think. And when we get

to that point, if we get to that point, will it be then that the

Prime Minister turns around and tells the UK the date of the

referendum? That's right. If the Prime Minister gets a deal, which he

thinks he can use to try to persuade the British people to support

staying within the EU, we expect that the referendum to be held on

June the 23rd and that will be the key date. But what he has got to do

before all that is to try to square his senior ministers, his cabinet.

What he has said to them is that until he comes back, until he has

that deal and they have a chance to discuss it, that they should row in

behind his efforts to try to get to the negotiation of a new

relationship with the EU. Once that has been settled, then those senior

ministers will be free to come out and campaign on whichever side they

choose. Of course, at that point we move almost certainly beyond those

arguments about exactly what David Cameron has managed to get from his

EU partners and into those much bigger arguments about whether

Britain is better off economically, whether it is better for our

international standing, whether it is better for our long-term future

to be inside the EU or outside the EU. They give very much. An

important point made there, that whenever the referendum happens,

some would suggest that actually the nature of any deal that Mr Cameron

manages to strike will not be as important as those bigger, broader

issues which Carroll was alluding to. If you are interested in this

party and if you were watching the BBC news channel, you will be

particularly interested in it. There is a lot amount -- there is a lot of

background on it on our website which you can find easily. If you

were watching yesterday, you will know we were talking about a deal

between the Syrian government and the UN to allow aid to seven the

siege to locations in Syria. There is some good news and we do not

often have that from Syria. The UN says that aid convoys have reached

five besieged towns on Wednesday. They have been delivering a range of

supplies, food and vaccines and medical supplies. We do not have

pictures of all the convoys but these are some trucks rolling into

one location close to Damascus. Some of the places that have not been

reached today, we're told, will be reached within the few days. And

this is happening because of a deal cut yesterday. If I bring you a more

detailed map, four of the locations are down in the south-west with a

couple of villagers in the north-west and another location in

the east of the country. We know some trucks have made good progress

at others are expected to arrive in the next few days. Earlier on, I

spoke to a colleague from BBC Arabic, to learn more about the

individual circumstances in these seven locations. We can see that

there are some places near a Gleb -- near Idlib, and also they have

talked about other areas near Damascus. And to the east, there are

areas partly controlled by Islamic State strips. It would be quite a

challenge for the United Nations to deliver aid to that part of Syria.

In the south, it is under the control of various fighting

factions. The United Nations has been working hard following that

agreement last Thursday in Munich about delivering aid to these areas.

The Syrian government is under pressure. Wanted these problems

simply reappear when the aid runs out? What is the long-term plan?

Diame at the moment is to deliver aid to these affected areas. Some of

these areas have been besieged for weeks. We had cases like Madaya,

where people were starving to death. These are the most affected, badly

hit areas and they seem to be a priority. When we were in Munich

last week, we looked at many other areas outside of Syria -- throughout

Syria. These areas have been identified and the Syrian government

has approved trucks to enter these areas. At this stage, but I am sure

there will be other stages in the future. Aid has been the focus of

the last 48 hours but over the last week, concentrating on Syria, we

have mostly talked about Aleppo, Syria's biggest city. There has been

an escalation of violence. Government forces are completely

surrounded the city and the BBC has gained exclusive material, revealing

life under the siege. And if you want more background on

what is happening in Syria, you can get it through the BBC news website.

A group in the UK says that there are more than 20 teaspoons in sugar

-- of sugar in some hot drinks sold on the High Street. And it is not at

all impressed by these findings. More detail on what it is saying it

should be done in a few minutes. The Canadian plane and train maker

bombard EA is the largest manufacturer in Northern Ireland and

it has announced plans to cut 1000 jobs in northern Ireland, equivalent

to 20% of its workforce. -- Bombardier. The company is also

closing 270 posts elsewhere in the country. This was the reaction of

some of the workers at its plants in Belfast today.

I just hope I'm still employed next year.

So it will affect the younger ones more than me.

It is shocking, but what can you do? The company has a plan and it is

doing its best for us. I am not really sure.

Our lead story at the moment is that a car bomb in Ankara in Turkey has

killed 28 people, close to the parliament and also Turkey's

military headquarters. Some of the main stories, the story that is

gripping India. A media tycoon has been formally charged with the

murder of his stepdaughter. He is the former CEO of Star India. The

BBC India as the story. Indonesia has banned tumbler. The Indonesian

government says the site has been distributing porn. -- has banned

Tumblr. Recently, a messaging app had to block gay orgies or face a

ban. -- gay emojis. That is on the BBC news up.

Let's talk about a face-off between Apple and the FTI because they will

contest the court order instructing it to help FBI investigators access

data on the iPhone of the man behind the San Bernardino gun attack. I am

sure you will remember this. It happened in December, an attack on a

social services centre in San Bernardino in Southern California.

14 people lost their lives. Earlier today, Apple posted this statement

on its website. It was a message to all of us taking an interest in the

story. In it, they explained why they were against the order. Let's

speak to Michelle Fleury, live from New York. To be honest, I thought,

how can Apple contest this? If you were told to do something by the

court, don't you have to follow those orders? Nobody is contesting

or debating whether the FBI issued access the phone, which was a

company formed that they were given authority to take hold of. What is

at stake here is this. When you use a phone, often you can put in a

security code, and have about ten attempts before the iPhone actually

starts to wipe data off your phone as part of a security measure, in

the event that it was stolen. What the FBI are asking for is that Apple

help them come up with a software, allowing it to make more than ten

attempts at putting in a pass code, so that they can have an unlimited

goal at trying to crack the code. Apple is pushing back and here is

what is at stake according to privacy experts. They say they do

not want to set a precedent that could actually fundamentally change

how safe are our information is on the phone. That this would actually

be about creating a back door to allow people to get into phones. On

this occasion it is the government but the case being made by Apple is

that next time it could be a hacker or a repressive regime or a

terrorist organisation and this is why they say that they are prepared

to fight this ruling by an American court. Very interesting. Let's find

out about a British campaign group which has been investigating sugar,

more specifically the amounts of sugar in some hot drinks for sale on

the High Street in the UK. They say that some of the drinks they

measured have over 20 teaspoons of sugar.

A daily routine or an occasional treat?

New research suggests some hot drinks from high street cafes should

The report today by campaigners Action on Sugar says that

many of these drinks are excessively sweet.

It analysed 131 of them from nine of the biggest chains in the UK

and found that 98% had high levels of sugar.

To put it in context, this can of cola contains nine

teaspoons of sugar but compare that to this caramel latte,

And this chai latte containing 20 teaspoons of sugar.

The worst offender is this hot mulled fruit drink containing 25

Eating a lot of sugar is linked to increased risks of obesity. But if

we're going out to our coffee shop and driving three times the maximum

recommended sugar in one drink, that is an excessive amount. We asked

what they thought -- people thought about a drink with twice as much

sugar as a can of cola. That does surprise me

that it is double. I don't order drinks like that

for that very reason. Starbucks responded saying

it is committed to reducing sugar by 25% by 2020 and already offers

a wide range of lighter options. Costa said it had already

taken significant steps Pressure has been growing for the

government to bring in a tax on sugary drinks after evidence from

abroad that it can choose the amount that people buy. A decision is

expected on its much delayed obesity strategy, which might be published

over the next few weeks. I will be back in a couple of

minutes. Remember, your comments and questions are very welcome.