18/08/2011 The One Show

Hello and welcome to The One Show with Alex Jones and Matt Baker.

Tonight, Dom Littlewood has the borough in the battle against child

autism. And on A level results day, we are

going back to school to try to pass the very famous exam, called, put

your hand in a box with an animal, when you don't know what the animal

is! And with us, the real live animal man it is Sir John Stevens!

-- Steve Backshall! What a lovely reception! Even a scream and a

cheer. Any way, the story in the headlines today, the story that

shocked the nation, is the story of Ian Martin Redmond who was attacked

and killed by a shark. Our thoughts go out to his family. What is there

to say about this? This is so desperately rare. In the Seychelles,

these are the attacks there are for the first time in the 0. This does

not really happen. Six people in the whole world have been killed by

sharks in a year. Since the 15 hundreds, less than 600 people have

been killed by sharks. This is a tragedy, but it is unbelievably

rare. Does it make you afraid? No. I have

dived with sharks loads of times. I'm filming with great whites next

week. They are just as safe to dive with as dolphins and Wales, but

this is a -- whales and but once in a while, things happen.

Now, then, thanks to better medical know-how more children than ever

are being diagnosed with autism. Dom Littlewood has the story of how

a robot is giving parents hope. It is said about 500,000 people in

the UK live with autism. The disability affects how a person

communicates with and relates to other people. It affects how they

make sense of the world around them. Auto istic children like Eden can

suffer immense anxiety every day. She can be physically aggressive.

It is upsetting. No-one wants to be hurt by their child, but she can

flip out. She is tiny. Her day to day routine is all set

out. She does like her routines. She like as timeline of where she

is at any time in the day. What is her autoyim like? She has a

-- she is at the higher end of the autism spectrum. 7 For parents like

Clare, help is at hand. Behavioural therapy is the norm,

but time, -- but today, I'm meeting a teacher whose pushing the

boundaries even further. Meet Kaspar a robot used for the

first time in autism therapy. Generally children have

difficulties in autoyim in the areas of conversation,

communication, socialism and fantasy. We are targeting all of

the areas, but mainly social interaction.

What makes Kaspar different? He is not an expressive robot. We remove

the features that autistic children have trouble with.

Kaspar's simplyified fence means that the children can learn more

easily that a smile means happy and a frown is unhappy.

One example of a positive tactile interaction is this... If you were

to hit the robot,... The robot indicates that this is a

billionaire that can hurt. So we want them to reflect on the

consequences of what they do. I have come to Tracks a specialist

school in Hertfordshire, where Eden is about to put Kaspar to the test

with a series of games. We have a game, one child controls

the robots by pressing the buttons. The other child coppice the robot.

So they play an imitation game. Today, Ben is playing the role of

the other child. He is hiding, I'm hiding too.

Eden hits the buttons that control his expressions.

Ben shows the same expression on his face.

What is the face now? Sad. Ben is getting results.

No now, what is this? Happy. This is the first time she playing

directly with me instead of the robot. For me, this was a big step

what we did. I am really surprised. Really taken with it. Up until now,

I have not had 24 this interaction. It is not just Eden, other children

like Ronnie are learning too. The parents are noticing their

change in behaviour. He knows the difference between the

sad face and a happy face it has calmed him down a lot. I would love

to have Kaspar at home. It is hard to tell what is the most

effective treatment for autism, every child is unique, but one

thing is for sure? Where do you want to go? We need to go to school.

The social interaction taught by Kaspar offers real hope for Eden

and many others with autism. Thanks to Eden and her mum. Good

news, Eden is doing so well, she is joining her friends at the local

school in September. Now, Dr Mark Porter is here with

Kaspar. I'm sure lots of viewers out there, when they saw Kaspar,

would have thought that is a scary robot, but when it is explained you

can understand why? You have to look at Kaspar through the eyes of

a child with autism. They look at you, and it is too much. It is

overload. It is scary. They would probably ignore or avoid you.

Kaspar is simple. That attracts them. He is designed to be what he

is to them. You have to remember that.

You use the cues that you deal with your four-year-old, but that causes

anxiety in a child with autism. Watching the film, watching Eden

interact with the row boat and Ben, I would never have guessed that she

had autism. She looked like a normal child. That is something

that you don't see in children with autism. They are very different.

Steve, you were saying that you have a lot of letters from parents

with autoistic children? I knew nothing about autism until I did a

kids wildlife series. It is total yael overwhelming, -- totally

overwhelming. They say that they switch on and find this type of

thing really easy to relate to. I found it overwhelming to get this

feedback. For all of the parents who are

worried that their child may have autism, what are the signs?

thing to notice is that you notice that something is not right. That

they are different to other children. There could abdelay with

language development, they may not interact with you or other children.

As they get older, you see the signs that they are lorns, they

have obsessive routines, not good at reading situations.

-- they are loners. And call the GP? Yes.

Now, moving with the train- traveling public, we are now facing

a hike in fares. Alex Riley set out to help passengers let off some

steam. COMMENTATOR: We are now arriving at

London's Liverpool Street where the train terminates.

I don't like to be the bearer of bad news, but according to figures,

trains are becoming overcrowded. Commuters have to pay up to 30%

more in ticket prices too. So we are standing up and being asked to

pay more for the privilege. Is it a wonder that people are so stressed!

It is hard getting off the train when it is packed With the crowds

it annoys me. Having to stand up when you are paying money for a

seat. It is frustrate, it makes me want

to punch something, but you can't do that.

Well, in China, you can chump these. Since last week, stressed out

commuters are urged to work out frustrations on goint punch bags

placed at train stations, the Chinese may be on to something here.

I decided to set up our very own The One Show commuter stress buster.

To help out, we enlisted this fella! Do you ever get stressed?

No? Never. How was the journey this morning?

little stressful. Allow me to remove that stress, to

take that stress away, we have the commuterer stret buster here. Use

this to take out the frustrations. -- commuter stress buster.

There is one for Boris! Just think, the price is going up, you are not

getting enough seats! Go on, hit it! You are being justled. Somebody

has a dog, they are slobbering all over your trousers. You have an

important meeting in the morning! We have the answer, it is T'ai Chi,

if you would like to come over. It has changed your life, hasn't

it? Yes, thank you very much. Look at you, you are so benign.

I am so relaxed. Inhale, exlail. Do one minute.

I feel relaxed. It was fantastic! You need to put this here every day,

I think. Now, that felt good! Amazing. We

have had that stress buster in the office. It is in shreds! Speaking

of which, are you stressed? No! I spend my entire life working

outdoors with animals, how can you ever be stressed? It is the best

way to spend your life. And if you are stressed, you just

pull out a caiman! I have to say, that would be weird, but this is

friend of mine, a little caiman, a couple of months old. At this stage

it is cute, but they get to be fearsome looking when they are

adults. Let's talk about your new book,

Looking For Adventure, you have had an incredible career, traveling all

over the world, but why here, why Papua New Guinea? It is an

incredible place. It is somewhere where I went when I was eight or

nine years old. It seemed frightening. It is an island of

cannibals and I remember thinking that is the most terrifying

frightening place on the planet. I did not get the opportunity to

explore there until I was in my early 20s, I was working for the

Rough Guides. I went out there for adventure, it was appalling. I was

unprepared. I got scared, frightened it came to a sorry end,

but a few years later I got the opportunity to go back there and to

discover new species and go to parts of Papua New Guinea that

people had never been to before. It was one of the great expeditions of

my life. Putting that together with a book along with a bit about what

has driven me, why I do what I do for a living and how I ended up

here, I got that. A great bobbing, but we have to

talk about the Alan Dedicoat. It is massively successful. It started

off as a kids' television, now it is on prime time. What is it that

you think is so fascinating -- Deadly 60.

I think that we have a fascination with animals big or small.

Especially something that could do us danger. You see the fascination

everywhere. For me, though, it goes on further, it is all about animals

that are deadly in their own world. If you are an aphid, then a lady

aphid is the most deadly animal in the world.

That slight change of perspective has allowed me to film thousands of

species. You do get right in there. Let's

have a look at Sunday night's programme with a massive squid.

At first, he was not that pleased to see us! Look at all of the tink

is squirting into the water. That is the method that the squid uses

to get away from its predators. No predator will know where it is

behind the smoke screen. Look at it now, covering the camera! OK. I'm

going to gently try to take control of the head... Oh,! I have got it.

I have got my first squid under water! APPLAUSE! Massive! So, you

have done the deadly 60, what happens now? It does not end. We

are doing one, two, three series. The more you spend doing these

things, the list is eternal. We could carry on doing it forever.

So, caiman's escaped, by the way! It is unbelievable, look after

yourself! Thanks, Steve, and we are really looking forward to the

Animal Challenge later on! In your book was a wonderful picture of you

with our book mand your old friend, George McGavin. Here you are.

George McGavin has a film about a little species that packs in a very

big punch. Cardiff Bay is Europe's largest

waterfront development. Full of fashionable restaurants and

apartments. Yet, this pretty facade hides a pesty problem. Midgis,

millions of them. Breeding fewer accountsly under the water.

But whilst the Midgis are being dealt with, another unwelcome

creature was discovered lurking beneath the surface. On a

monitoring trip of the bay, the harbour authority came across

something that they had never seen in the water before, the killer

shrimp! An alien species from Eastern Europe. Professor Ormerod

has begun to unravel a mystery that's been hitting the news across

the country. The headlines make it seem enormous,

but how serious an issue are they? In conservation terms lots and lots

of evidence that has come out before suggests that they could be

really quite damaging. So they feed rapidly on things like insects.

They outcompete other shrimps. There is a risk that they could be

feeding on things like fish eggs. Originally from the Caspian and

black seas, the killer shrimps are spreading fast, hitching rides on

the bottom of boats. In parts of Europe, they have caused local

extinction of native shrimps, the effects are being felt through the

food chain. This is why it is worrying that they have arrived on

our shores. Estimate how many do you think --

think are in the bay? Anything from about 300 for are a square metre,

up to more than 5,000 per square metre.

They appear to be doing well here. One of the questions once they were

discovered is what is making them so abuntened.

They have discovered that the answer lies with another alien

under the water. The zebra mussel. There we go.

You can see in among them the shrimps?. Yes, in large numbers.

Yes, they are all over the place. Look at that they are everywhere!

They don't look big, and they don't look like they could kill much!

Well, they are clearly eating something, so it is off to the lab

to find out what. These are some of the same shrimps

with collected this morning in Cardiff Bay from the patch of rope

where all of the zebra mussels were. What is fascinating about the

shrimps is the contents of their guts. They contain the waste

products of the zebra mussels, with so many mussels in the bay, it is

clear that the shrimps have lots to feed on. Explaining their abundance,

but, t looking at their mouth parts it is obvious that they are capable

of eating more. Research has shown, when there are no mussels around

they can be vorairbgs -- voracious predators, shown her devouring a

native shrimp. What happens if these escape from

the bay? What are the risks of that? If they were to break out of

Cardiff Bay to move into the river system, possibly feeding on other

invertebrates, reducing the number of eggs, this could mean a serious

issue if this broke out. So serious, that the Environment

Agency have put killer shrimps at the top of their Most Dangerous

species list, but there are things to do to stop them spreading. If

you are a boater or fisherman or diver, there are steps to take to

help to contain the problem. Wash your kit and dry it thoroughly. If

you find the killer shrimp, Tel Aviv where you found it.

Yeah, but don't let it put you off. Apart from the killer shrimp,

Cardiff Bay is really nice. The killer shrimp, are they on your

Deadly 60? Not yet, but they could They are destructive, so definitely,

yet. Not as impressive as the shimp,

though? Maybe no. Earlier, we asked Steve to have a

go at our celebrity slo-mo with a little help from our feathered

friend. We set you up with a massive eagle owl. Here we are in

slo-mo. That owl is impressive. You can see all the details of its

wings. This is a young male. A fully grown female owl could have a

wing span of two metres. They could be capable of killing and flying

away with a fox. They have even been capable of scoffing down a

hedgehog too! We can pop that on the DVD and you have have it when

you get home! Thank you very much. For the servicemen and women who

suffer injuries from the front line, learning to cope at home can be an

even harder battle. Tobin is determined to do her bit

for our service men and women and the whole village has decided to

chip N Now, the reason I've come to this

village in Dumfries, is to meet an extraordinary woman doing amazing

things to help young servicemen, some of whom have had life-changing

injuries, she is doing all of this from her own home. A few years ago,

when it seemed that almost every day, the news told us of service

personnel killed on the front line, former brigadier's daughter,

Jennifer Tobin, said she could not stand by.

My father was a surgeon. I have space here, I just looked at

the lads coming back on the television news reels and I thought,

of course, they need a holiday. 42 Commando have found themselves

in the thick of frontline action, but today, ten of their rank have

headed north to Plymouth to enjoy a week of Jennifer's hospital who --

hospitality. I am glad to see you here. You are

here to have fun. All of the people are here because they want to be

here for you. Jennifer's generosity is helped

with the other members of the community. Some to do household

cores, and baking, and one of the servicemen gets a massage.

It relieves the stress and the tension.

All of the service personnel, have been medically downgraded, many of

them unable to return to duty, she has helped hundreds of them get

back on their feet. Chris was injured with a roadside

bomb. We went over a roadside IED. I was

thrown up and my legs were stuck in the top of the vehicle, it fell

then back down. What does a week like this give

you? You must be getting back into shape, what does a week like this

give you outside of that? It let's you unwind a little bit. Gets you

off camp, to relax, to get back into the swing of things.

There is nothing that the real life action heroes like better than

extreme sports. Jennifer has persuaded local organisers to pitch

LAUGHTER! It's about testing the body and finding actions that still

work, that the body still works, and about feeling life again.

Another local supporter is former major Richard Herman, who runs

activities at a local sailing centre.

Jennifer is an extraordinary lady, she has the communities together,

the men together, it helps to take their mind off the experiences

they've been through, it gives them a fun but still reasonably

challenging environment. Some of the lads have minor injuries

keeming them away from duty, but overall, the figures are sobering.

In the last five years in the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq,

16,000 UK personnel have been injured. Many of them will have to

live with the injuries for the rest of their lives.

With we talk about military perpbl, there are some with very serious

and -- military personal, there are many with serious scarring? We had

one chap who could not climb a wall. We tied him to another strong chap

and got them climbing up a wall again. The effect on him was

fantastic. Jennifer relies on donations, one

member of the local Scottish Parliament was so impressed, he is

donating a quarter of his pension to the centre to fund a dedicated

member of staff. There are hopes of further recognition and wider

support that their good work will continue and grow. On behalf of

myself and all of the lads from 4 dp commando, we have had an amazing

time. -- from 42 Commando. We have had an

amazing time. Thank you.

What a super job Jennifer has got. Now, then, we know that you know

your creatures, Steve, to be fair, I can hardly tell a gerbil from a

giraffe! I promise, there are no giraffes in here! What you have to

do is put your hand inside. I promise you, it will not do any

damage. So, we are putting our hands

blindly into the unknown, without gloves, to play... What's it

Bacshall's box of beasties! So, we genuinely don't know what is in the

boxes, but you are going to give us some clues, are you? I will.

Matt, you go first! This is an animal that has caused a lot of

damage around the world. Am I OK? You are doing good, go

over to the right... Oh! What you are touching are the poison glands

on its back. It does see create a toxin, you pli

have to wash your hands afterwards. Go to the right.

Go to the right. You are doing good. Any guesses?

idea? Is it scaley? Is it a reptile? It is an amphibian.

Is it a ter pin? No? It is, almost it is a toad! A pretty good guess.

Alex, you are up next. Honestly, there is no need. I would

not give you anything... It will not bite you, I promise.

Argue! It is a baby animal. Hello! You will frighten it!

think it's a rabbit. No, it is something that will

attack and kill a rabbit. No! Keep going. Try a bit more.

Is it a little fox? No, it is very young, it is Fife weeks old, it is

a baby ferret. Matt, over to you -- It is only

five weeks old it is a baby ferret. Matt, over to you. You carry on.