31/05/2016 The One Show

Hello and welcome to The One Show with Matt Baker.

Our guest this evening is a man who has left his mark -

His next giant leap is conquering Mars.

It's true to say there's a real buzz in the studio

tonight - please welcome Honourable Lunar Pioneer, Dr Buzz Aldrin!

Nice to have you with us. I cannot believe that! It is not quite

official yet! You like going for titles overhear! We are working on

it! We have been reading up on you. You have an extraordinary past.

Buzz, your father was an aviation pioneer.

And your mum was even called Marion Moon.

Your career was written in the stars. What would you want to be as

a young child? And aviator. And barely aviator pioneer, aviation was

all around my family, my uncle was flying aeroplanes, my aunt was a

stewardess for Easter airlines. About the same time I was born.

Aviation all-around. And my father was the manager of new work airport.

Just before World War II started. I was a teenager, seeing the effects

of aeroplanes and their effectiveness. I bet your family

could not believe what you went on to do? My word! And the liveable! --

unbelievable. We'll be hearing more about your

amazing life and your new book Buzz, you're one of

the few people to have travelled at 17,500mph -

albeit in space. And when you come back, you are

going faster than that! I will have to give you a lesson! On

aerodynamics! This is good. We are focusing on speeding.

But speeding down here on Earth is fast becoming

a thing of the past - especially if you're travelling

on the A9 in Scotland, as Kevin Duala has been finding out.

Loch Morley beach in the heart of the Scottish Cairngorms. Beautiful.

And tranquil. But get to hear and it is a different story. This is the

A9, the main route through Scotland. The highway to the Highlands but it

hasn't deadly reputation. Near misses. Close shaves. Bumper to

bumper. Around 80 people every year are killed or seriously injured on

this road. -- eight. It is no surprise that the A9 is home to the

UK's longest stretch of prominent average speed cameras, costing over

?3 million. They cover over 100 mile 's. Chances are they could be coming

to a road near you soon. The One Show has been given exclusive access

to a study by the RAC about the rapid growth of the average speed

cameras. Richard Ayoade is the author. It is likely we shall see

growth, they are becoming more popular with local authorities and

the people who control major roads. Motorists think they are fairer

because they don't just take the individual speed at any point and

they are better at reducing casualties. For the first time they

have been mapped. There are over 250 miles of them across the UK, double

and two years ago. Official figures claim average speed cameras have

halved serious crashes on the A9 but campaigner Mike Burns is convinced

that micro-dash-macro not convinced. Surely the speed cameras is a good

thing the smack they would be a good thing if speed was the problem and

we discovered when we went further is that speeding was less than 2% of

accidents. The quality of driving is reported as far from improving.

Drivers are finding it equally as frustrating and have to really

concentrate on this road for 100 mile 's and it is not a place were

driving at speed by anyone. I can see his point because I am stuck

behind a lorry. Do I overtake or run the risk? What are my options?

Patience, taking in the scenery? I am going to get to my destination,

but safely. Figures suggest average speed cameras cut deaths and serious

injuries by 70%. One in 10,000 drivers who pass through them face a

fine. Stewart is in charge of the cameras on the A9. Cameras are not

loved by everyone but I think a lot more people on the A9 recognised the

benefits they bring. What we have seen here since July last year until

December was for the first time since records began in the 1970s, no

fatal accidents at any point. When somebody says they don't think they

work and twist statistics, they are not, they are making a difference.

How do people feel about them? Time for a change of scene. The top of

Cairngorm mountain. I have to say, absolutely beautiful. With

everything here from tourists to smoked salmon being transported by

roads, is it worth the extra journey times the cameras can cause? In

Florida blue on traffic reports there are always problems on the A9,

safety is paramount and that has to come before the convenience of the

driver. I always allocate extra time for any hold-ups. I never rush.

Forward thinking and planning is always a good thing. I use the A9

forthcoming at North and there are some moments of Terry overtaking and

cars trying to squeeze in front of trucks and some people go to fast so

I think this is a good thing. People seem to like them here and if our

survey is borne out, we will see a lot more of them. In the meantime, I

am Ofcom, at an average speed of no more than 60 mph. -- I am going

home. They just increase my blood pressure! You are very aware of

that! They make you feel slightly sick!

The research The One Show carried out has made

The second most read story on the BBC News website. These cameras

appear to be proliferating. Yes, the length of the UK network

covered by permanent average speed cameras has more than

doubled since 2013. Then, 127 miles of road

were covered. Now it's more than

263 miles in total. There are 51 different systems

across the UK and the first place was Nottingham. The longest stretch

of road is the A9 between Dublin and Inverness and the shortest is Tower

Bridge in London. -- Dunblane. You don't have film any more? Why is

that? All of these pictures... When they first started they had 35mm

film but it is digital now. These days they are cheaper. If you are a

council buying them in early 2000 they would set you back ?1.5 million

for every mile and now they are ?150,000. We are not encouraging

breaking speed limits at all. But... Is any sort of leeway? Some

percentage that you can get away with? You are committing an offence

if you go even one-mile over the official speed limit.

But the National Police Chiefs Council suggests police forces don't

prosecute until drivers exceed a margin of error of 10%

of the speed limit to take into account driver concentration,

If you are going at 35 mph in a 30 mile zone, you might avoid the fine.

At 36, perhaps on the eastbound carriageway going out of Brighton,

as I did ten years ago, you might get a fine, as I did! Smile at the

camera! Is that the trick is Mike or wink! Perhaps some people do that! A

hand signal perhaps? Only one of them comes to mind! Some of them

might not work! Going fast but not getting a big fine? The cameras we

commonly use, fixed flashing cameras, a study into those find

that reports of their demise has been exaggerated. Only one fifth are

not working, and we talk about film and its cameras some of them have

gone out of date. But can't enter cancelled all of the speed cameras

but it left them in place like scarecrows! But none of them work.

However, it has been announced they will put new ones in. If you see the

sign that says Cameron- smile! As you drive along... You don't even

need the camera! With the sign, people will slow down! The deterrent

effect. And they last met, a couple of years ago I was flashed twice in

one journey, half a mile apart. You did not tell me that these

cameras flash! Is it true that discretion can rule and sometimes

you will only get one set of points? It comes down to the definition of

whether it was the same occasion and a magistrate or police officer might

decide the same occasion might amount to the same journey or

separate breaking of the speed limit on the same journey. Technically,

you could get done twice. A lot depends on whether they have paid

for the camera! They have to make their money back! That is also an

acquisition. Have you got all the information you wanted? Yes, I feel

ready to go! Good luck with the journey! Thank you.

Apart from being one of the first humans to have stepped foot

on the moon, you served as a fighter jet pilot during the Korean War,

He has an asteroid and crater named after him and continues to be

an advocate of space science and planetary exploration.

So let's remind ourselves why you're a lunar pioneer.

A superb palette. Buzz Aldrin,... -- pilot. Three, two, one, we have

liftoff! Apollo 11, how do you read? The Eagle has landed. That is one

small step for man... One giant leap for mankind.

APPLAUSE. When you see those pictures, how

does that make you feel? Older! What emotions does that create? I like

parades. I was in the Memorial Day parade in Washington. As far as the

moon is concerned... There are parades on the moon. Not yet! We

might send someone people... Maybe! -- send more people.

You've decided to share some of the rules you live your life

by with us in your new book, No Dream Is Too High.

The first lesson is, the sky is not limit. Easy for you to say! Is a

true that after you set foot on the moon for the first time, and came

back to earth, daily struggle because you had picked, in a sense?

-- peaked. If we send you to the moon, when you came back, life would

be a little different. The One Show... Who did the big show! On the

Moon! Your life would be different and mine was, also. Maybe it is like

some of the soldiers that comeback. They have a time readjusting because

of things that happened. People forget them. They do not remember.

And they are ignored, maybe. That did not happen here. We make

speeches. We meet kings and queens. That is what I mean by changing your

life. You will be known. How do you put that into

perspective, then? What was the key with dealing to the fact that you

went to the moon and life goes on? Well, my decision was to go back to

the air force. I happened to be the first astronaut who decided to go

back. And I didn't quite get the assignment I was hoping for at the

Air Force Academy, but I was unusual, because I had no test pilot

training when I applied. Most of the others did. That was the sort of

career I wanted. It turned out, if you want to go out there, at least

Life magazine said so, you have to be trained as a test pilot, I

wasn't. So I applied anyway, my friend called me and said, but I

applied again the next year, with a little persistence, a trip or two to

show the people what I was doing at MIT, rendezvous in space. That was

going to be pretty valuable. One of your other lessons is maintain your

spirit of adventure. Now, what we love about you, Buzz, you have been

to the highest and the deepest points, because you love under the

water, this is your happy place. Wide? Where did that love come from?

What do you feel that you do not get on the surface? When you are down 30

feet and just moving around, looking at the corals and the little fish,

and you look up and see the water, the surface, everybody else is up

there. They have all sorts of problems, I don't have any problems!

I'm just down here. No, really, it is a fantastic way to get out of

this world. Exactly, it is another world, you cannot quite put your

finger on why, we just wait wonderful photograph of you with a

whale shark. They are big! They are massive! Is it right that you were

80 when you did that? I had to ask my son, because he was following and

arranging the trip, I said, whale shark? What is that? Well, it's not

a wail and it's not a shark. It does not have to come up to breathe, it

has got small teeth, a shark has got big teeth. I checked that out before

I...! Listen, the book that you have written is full of so many of your

life lessons, and wonderful anecdotes to go with the gender

everyone of them. It certainly makes you think, very much worth a read.

-- to go with each and every one of them. No Dream Is Too High is out

now. Sometimes you do not learn lessons unless you write them down!

Failure is always an option, that is one of my favourites. You have

shared some of your life lessons, so what we did, we asked our viewers

whether they would be kind enough to share some of theirs, this is what

they have to say. If you don't ask, you don't get.

Seize the day. Have fun and enjoy life. It is never too late. I have

recently gone back to college. I just felt the need to, like, almost

reinvent myself. I never wanted to look back with regret. My life

mantra is positive mental attitude. What you see on my face is the

result of a car accident. I spent nearly six months in hospital. From

that, I believe firmly that it is my positive mental attitude which got

me to where I am today. My life mantra is to never give up.

Aim high and achieve your goals. Treat others with the respect that

you would like to be treated with. I am Alison, and I am 54. I had a

sister, Heather, who died five years ago of breast cancer, and I learned

from that experience that life is far too short. And do not take

yourself too seriously. That is what my sister would have wanted me to

live by, and I have since the day she died. She will be up there now,

looking down, saying go for it, girl.

Wasn't that wonderful? Thank you to each and every one of you. Keep your

mind open to possibilities, show me your friends and I will show you

your future. That is so true! Second comes right after first, of course!

I like this one, trust your gut and instruments. Very good if you are an

astronaut! And always keep laughing. That is my favourite one. You know

Murphy's law? You know that? Ish! It is like the failure one. If

something can go wrong, it will. I always like these, we could go on

for ever, luck is a lifetime of preparation for a moment of

opportunity. You say that quite a lot. It is true, though, you have

got to be ready! So you have conquered the moon and you are on to

Mars, what is the vision? I never thought of it as conquering, we

kicked up some dust! That is pretty much conker, we will go with Congo.

What about Mars, then? What is the vision? -- conquer. It is the

destination that has been mentioned by maybe five presidents, but I

think we are going to make it a little closer. Because we have got

to do something, because we have been getting lower and lower and

lower. Are you predicting that we will have, like, almost, I don't

know, a town almost out there that people will go to and stay there for

ever? Is that these thought? It has been called a base, and if you have

a base on Mars, it would be nice to design and and then put a base on

the moon, practice doing it there. You could do it for other countries

to make use of, design it, landed, build it. So now we know how to do

these things. There is a lot of that in my cycling pathways to Mars. It

is not visit Mars and then come back. Most of the plans that Nasa

has, they do that, but you can occupy, because if you visit and

come back, Mars is empty, nobody is there. So it is to inhabit. You can

occupy, people can stay, someone else comes in, then they come home.

You end up with a fixed number of people. But now you are sending

people and bringing them back all the time, it would be much better to

inhabit, go there and stay. That would be something. You would put a

lot of money into picking those people. There is a lot of red, white

and blue flying around as you wave your arms up and down, can we have a

look at your sock as well? I don't know if you can see, beautiful red,

white and blue socks. New York skyline! I am sure that this anthem

would have played many times as this picture was shown around the world.

But I bet, Buzz, did you know that the anthem is actually, ready, a

British export? Now then! De Star Spangled Banner is

quintessentially American and has been delayed for more than 100 years

and patriotic events and ceremonies. It became the official bash in

London in 1931. The words may be American, but it originated this

side of the pond as the official song of a wealthy gentleman's club

in London. The Anacreontic Society health parties for amateur

musicians. Its name came from an ancient Greek poet. The gentleman

would enjoy food and music, joining in for the club anthem.

SINGING For a communal anthem, this is a

notoriously hard tune to sing. It is easy to sing if you are

professionally trained, it has this huge range. It goes from here to

here. It can't be that hard. # Me to end wine... #

At which point... You are struggling. I could see why

it was written for a musical society, because even for a good

amateur, it is really quite tricky, isn't it? But you cannot keep a good

tune a secret, and soon the melody was being used with different

lyrics, not just in Britain but also abroad. The melody quickly travelled

to America, and it was on September the 14th 1814 that the version we

know today came into being as British ships bombarded the American

Fort McHenry, American lawyer Francis Scott Key was on a British

ship and negotiating the release of a prisoner. Seeing the fort's

belated American flag flying throughout the fight, he was

inspired to write a poem, which is set to the tune from the Anacreontic

Society. It included anti-British lines like, their blood has washed

out their foul footsteps' pollution, words which are still sung to this

day. So, ironically, the Americans had adopted a British melody as the

basis for the anthem, but who was it that wrote the music? The original

sheet music still exists, but the composer was not credited and seemed

lost for ever in history. That was until the 1970s, two centuries after

it was written. A librarian at the US library of Congress bothered the

composer's name in a gentleman's account of his visit to the

Anacreontic Society. The connection confirmed that the US national

anthem Tuesday June written by John Stafford Smith. -- used a tune. He

was the son of the organist at Gloucester Cathedral. This is his

memorial. Loved by the Anacreontic Society for his songs, he was

invited to become a member, and it is easy to see how one of his

melodies would be adopted as a club anthem. The Anacreontic Society

continued for more than two decades, until the Duchess of Devonshire

attended one evening. She hid behind the screen, but the gentleman felt

they had to tone down their jokes, and many resigned in protest. By

1792, the society was no more. As for John Stafford Smith's legacy,

well, his melody is stitched into the very fabric of American life.

Whenever the national flag is unfurled. And Gloucester Cathedral

still flies the Stars and Stripes in honour of a citizen's achievement.

So who better to perform the original Anacreontic Society song

than the Gloucester Cathedral choir? SINGING

It is the truth! Thanks so much, Buzz. It has been

wonderful. From the man on the moon to the angel of the North, tomorrow

we have got Alan Shearer! Shears, Buzz!

Mr Reginald Keys? We're from Army notification.

About your brother. He's been shot dead.