Internet Nina and the Neurons

# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go

# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show

# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans

# By doing her experiments with potions and with bangs

# Touch your tongue Tongue

# Fingers Fingers

# Eyes Eyes Ears Ears

# Nose Nose

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Luke he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch

# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents and Belle she hears so much

# Bud is Ollie's brother he helps us with our taste

# They're Nina's little Neurons and they're coming to your place

# Touch your tongue Tongue

# Fingers Fingers

# Eyes Eyes Ears Ears

# Nose Nose

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know, yeah!

# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

# Oh, yeah! #

Oh, hello! I've got myself all a bit tangled. Look at my nice picture!

I've joined up all the bits of string to make

a web for my toy spider.

Tickle, tickle!

Oh, I hear a beep, I see a flash, I wonder what they're going to ask.

-Hi, Nina!

-Hi!

-We've got a question for you.

-How does the internet work?

That's a great question! How does the internet work?

We use the internet all the time to look for websites,

videos and information. But how does all that stuff get to our computer?

Come down to my lab and we'll investigate.

-ALL: See you soon, Nina, bye!

-Bye!

Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one

and I know just who to ask. OK, Neurons, time to get to work.

ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.

OK. Today's question is how does the internet work?

Which Neuron do you think will be most useful

-in helping us find the answer?

-Me!

-Me!

-Me!

-Me!

-Me!

Will it be fabulous Felix?

I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.

Will it be beautiful Belle?

I send messages to brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.

-Will it be lovely Luke?

-For looking and seeing, day or night,

I'll help you with your sense of sight.

Will it be awesome Ollie?

If it's pongy or whiffy but you can't tell,

-my messages help your sense of smell.

-Or will it be baby Bud?

Sour, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat!

It's Luke and Belle!

ALL: Go, Belle, go, Luke, go, Belle, go, Luke!

Go, Belle, go, Luke! Go, Belle!

Today's question is how does the internet work?

We use our eyes and ears to enjoy videos,

games and other things on the internet, so Luke and Belle,

our seeing and hearing neurons will be helping us today.

Right, I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.

James loves eating lasagne.

Peter likes watching rugby.

Zac loves playing superheroes.

My mum lets me on the internet.

I watch videos on my computer.

I just tend to network.

But they all want to know how does the internet work, so today,

for one day only, Zac, James and Peter become the experimenters!

-Hi, guys!

-ALL: Hi, Nina.

Welcome to my lab and thank you for your great question -

how does the internet work?

To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.

Whoo-hoo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!

Let's think about the internet.

-What do you use it for?

-Looking at websites.

-Playing games.

Yes, we can look at websites like the CBeebies website.

And you can look up videos and information, too.

We can do loads of things on the internet.

But you always need to let a grown-up know

-when you want to use the internet.

-That's right, Ollie, you do.

Grown-ups help us use the internet safely.

So, experimenters, how do you see things on the internet?

-On the computer.

-On my mum's phone.

Yes, we can use computers, phones or a tablet, like this.

All these things can use the internet.

But how do they get to the websites we want to look at?

Let's play a game to find out.

We are going to make a pretend Internet.

Let's imagine that all these knobs are lots of different

smartphones, tablets and computers all over the world.

The white ones are in people's homes or offices

and the red ones are big, huge computers called servers.

The servers are where the websites are stored.

Websites are made by people and they're full of words,

-pictures, videos...

-And sounds, and music, Nina.

And sounds and music, Belle!

All these things have to be stored somewhere,

so they're kept in these big computers called servers.

At the moment, none of the computers on our board are joined up.

So the people at home or work can't see the websites

-that are stored on the servers. What can we do?

-Join them up.

Yes, join them up! Connect them.

Let's get connecting!

OK...

Well done, experimenters. All our pretend computers are connected.

So if this one wants to see a website that is stored on this

server, then the server will send information all along here...

..to the computer.

And the web is so big and complicated that there are lots of

ways to travel around it.

And we can see things from all around the world, Nina.

We can, Luke. It's brilliant, isn't it?

But what happens when we're connected to the internet?

How do we get all those pictures and information

and other brilliant stuff?

I think we need to go and find out more about how

all these things zoom about.

Oh, goody! I love this bit. I wonder where Nina is taking us.

Nina said we're going to find out how things zoom about

-on the internet.

-Zooming about?

Maybe we're going to see racing cars? Vroom!

I don't think it's going to be cars zooming about. Look!

Wow, experimenters! Look at those big tunnels.

We'll use those big tunnels to find out more about how

information travels on the internet when all the

computers are connected up.

So all the games and videos and words

and pictures we might want to see on the internet are found on websites.

Can you remember where websites are stored?

Servers.

That's right, websites are stored on big computers called servers.

So if we want to look at a website,

the server has to send a copy of the website to our computer.

But that server could be really far away in another country.

So if you want to see a picture of a dinosaur on a website

from a server in America, the picture has to be sent

all around the world to our computers here.

That's really far, Nina.

It would take days!

Luckily, it doesn't, Belle. When we click onto a website,

we see the picture in just a second or two.

Here's a picture of a big dinosaur.

-Now, if I tried to run with this, would I be able to go very fast?

-No.

-Do you think I could go through one of the tunnels easily with it?

-No.

No, you're right - it might get stuck.

That's a bit like information on the internet.

Big bits of information can't travel very fast and can get stuck when

there's lots of information around, like a traffic jam.

But if you break the information into little bits, they can travel

separately on different cables on the web and get there faster.

So I'll break up this picture.

I want you guys to take a piece each and carry them

through the tunnel as fast as you can and look -

these pieces are numbered and that will help us at the other end.

So you'll go through different tunnels, but you'll end up

at the same place. Ready...steady, go!

You're all here! But the picture is jumbled up.

We need to put it back together again and we can use the numbers.

So who had number one? Number one.

And number two? Excellent.

What about number three then, Peter?

There it is. Number three.

Well done, experimenters. That's just like how the internet works.

The server splits up the dinosaur picture

into lots of tiny, numbered bits and then sends

them down different cables to our computer.

At the other end, our computer

puts them back together so we can see the picture.

But the internet is really big, so how do we find the things we want?

Time for another experiment.

Here we have lots and lots of stuff.

There's not as much stuff as on the internet,

-but it's too much for us to look through easily, isn't it?

-ALL: Yes!

For this experiment, we'll pretend all this stuff

is what's on the internet.

I need something from our internet.

You guys will be the search engines that look for me.

Search engines work by looking for keywords,

so if you were trying to find a website about dogs,

the search engine would look for the word "dog" on websites.

Then it would show you the websites that had something to do with dogs.

Now, for my search, the keyword is blue.

Blue! You need to use your eyes, experimenters.

Fantastic - but I'm sorry, those aren't what I wanted.

There are too many blue things, Nina. The experimenters didn't know

-what blue thing you wanted.

-You're right, Luke. I didn't give

the experimenters enough information.

There are so many blue things, if you showed me them all,

we'd be here all day. So I need to give you some more keywords.

OK, the keywords are blue, kitchen and cups.

Go!

Blue cups! Perfect. Just what I wanted!

-Now, how did you know where to look?

-We looked at the signs.

That's right, you saw signs for two of our keywords - kitchen and cups.

That meant you could narrow the search down to just that area.

This is really important when you look on the internet.

I'm sure you would have found me a blue cup eventually without

the words kitchen and cup, but it would have taken a really long time.

You need to give search engines the right keywords to

narrow down their search. One or two words might not be enough.

Your question was how does the internet work?

I think we've answered it.

The internet is lots and lots of websites connected

all over the world by cables.

The websites are stored on big computers called servers.

Information zooms around the internet very fast.

That's because it's split up into pieces to move around.

Our computer has to put all the pieces back together at the end,

just like a jigsaw puzzle.

We use search engines to find things on the internet.

They're superfast and work by looking for keywords.

-So I hope that's answered your question.

-Thanks, Nina. Bye!

You're welcome, bye!

If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,

go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it faster

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it better

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it faster

ALL: Go digital!

-# Computers and technology help us every day

-Yay!

-# Making our lives easier in each and every way

-Way!

# Help us understand things and make it very clear

-# They make tricky tasks a piece of cake... #

-I like cake!

# If you're trying to understand the world

# But the answer is invisible

# Invisible

# Use the power of computers

# Switch it on Switch it on, switch it on

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it faster

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it better

-# Go digital

-If you want to do it faster

# Go digital! #

Amazing technology is all around us, making our lives faster

and easier and giving us an even more exciting future.

So, wherever you go and whatever you do,

remember to go digital! See you again soon! Bye!

-ALL: Bye!

-Go digital!