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Navigating Highland glens, | 0:00:10 | 0:00:12 | |
rolling countryside, river valleys, | 0:00:12 | 0:00:15 | |
and city sprawl. | 0:00:15 | 0:00:17 | |
Britain's canals cut a sedate path | 0:00:17 | 0:00:19 | |
through some of the country's finest scenery. | 0:00:19 | 0:00:22 | |
Canals were the transport arteries | 0:00:23 | 0:00:25 | |
at the heart of a booming industrial age. | 0:00:25 | 0:00:28 | |
A network of locks, tunnels and aqueducts | 0:00:28 | 0:00:31 | |
helped carry goods to every corner of the land and beyond, | 0:00:31 | 0:00:36 | |
transforming 19th century Britain into an economic superpower. | 0:00:36 | 0:00:41 | |
Today, over 2,000 miles of restored canals offer a gateway into a different world. | 0:00:43 | 0:00:49 | |
For me and many others, the towpaths alongside them | 0:00:51 | 0:00:54 | |
offer the perfect way to explore this heritage on foot. | 0:00:54 | 0:00:58 | |
Hello, welcome to Wales. | 0:01:11 | 0:01:12 | |
Just look at that lovely, green valley. | 0:01:12 | 0:01:15 | |
It might be tucked away, | 0:01:15 | 0:01:17 | |
but hidden down there | 0:01:17 | 0:01:19 | |
is one of the greatest stories of canal engineering in the world. | 0:01:19 | 0:01:23 | |
This is the Vale of Llangollen, on the edge of Snowdonia. | 0:01:24 | 0:01:29 | |
It was this valley which presented a considerable challenge | 0:01:29 | 0:01:32 | |
for the canal engineers of the late 18th century | 0:01:32 | 0:01:35 | |
who wanted to develop a major route to cross it. | 0:01:35 | 0:01:39 | |
The man who came up with the solution for that crossing was Thomas Telford. | 0:01:39 | 0:01:43 | |
His ambitious response was to create an aqueduct, | 0:01:43 | 0:01:47 | |
the likes of which had never been seen before. | 0:01:47 | 0:01:50 | |
It was a bold plan that catapulted him centre stage as a civil engineer. | 0:01:50 | 0:01:55 | |
There is Telford's great masterpiece. | 0:01:57 | 0:02:00 | |
An icon of engineering that allows water to fly. | 0:02:00 | 0:02:05 | |
He called it his "stream through the skies". | 0:02:05 | 0:02:08 | |
And today, I'm going to find out why it's become a World Heritage Site. | 0:02:08 | 0:02:12 | |
This phenomenal creation spanning over 1,000 feet | 0:02:15 | 0:02:18 | |
is also 126 feet high. | 0:02:18 | 0:02:19 | |
And it's the final destination of my walk today. | 0:02:23 | 0:02:26 | |
By the time I've finished, I'll be standing on top of this amazing aqueduct, | 0:02:26 | 0:02:30 | |
looking down on the River Dee, the water source for the Llangollen Canal | 0:02:30 | 0:02:34 | |
which also winds through this valley. | 0:02:34 | 0:02:36 | |
I'll be learning about the incredible engineering that was need to make all of this possible. | 0:02:38 | 0:02:43 | |
And when the Llangollen Canal was completed, it spawned a whole new world. | 0:02:43 | 0:02:47 | |
By the late 18th century, canals changed the map of Britain forever. | 0:02:57 | 0:03:02 | |
A new and growing network of transport superhighways dominated the landscape. | 0:03:02 | 0:03:06 | |
Canals had arrived, connecting towns and cities with Britain's industrial heartlands and export hubs. | 0:03:06 | 0:03:13 | |
In this flourishing climate, | 0:03:15 | 0:03:16 | |
Thomas Telford was appointed by the Ellesmere Canal Company | 0:03:16 | 0:03:20 | |
to link a remote and rural Wales | 0:03:20 | 0:03:22 | |
with England and beyond. | 0:03:22 | 0:03:23 | |
Horseshoe Falls is where I'm starting, | 0:03:26 | 0:03:28 | |
and six miles later, I'll end dramatically | 0:03:28 | 0:03:31 | |
on Telford's famous aqueduct. | 0:03:31 | 0:03:33 | |
Intriguingly, my walk actually starts here, on the banks of the River Dee, | 0:03:38 | 0:03:42 | |
from where the aqueduct draws | 0:03:42 | 0:03:44 | |
the one and a half million gallons of water it needs to fill it. | 0:03:44 | 0:03:48 | |
Horseshoe Falls is a local beauty spot, which Telford created, | 0:03:50 | 0:03:54 | |
to channel the river water into his canal. | 0:03:54 | 0:03:56 | |
I'm going to meet a walking guide, born and bred in this valley, Bryn Hughes, | 0:03:56 | 0:04:01 | |
who can tell me more about the origin of the canal. | 0:04:01 | 0:04:03 | |
Hi there, Bryn, hello. | 0:04:03 | 0:04:05 | |
Croeso i Gymru, Julia! | 0:04:05 | 0:04:07 | |
Top of the morning to you as well. | 0:04:07 | 0:04:09 | |
Bryn's going to show me where the canal actually starts. | 0:04:09 | 0:04:12 | |
Telford's great master stroke was to use this plentiful water source as it poured off the mountains. | 0:04:15 | 0:04:21 | |
By creating this weir, part of the river could be channelled into this collecting reservoir. | 0:04:23 | 0:04:29 | |
Today, this little pump house marks the spot where the canal begins. | 0:04:29 | 0:04:33 | |
So is that it? | 0:04:38 | 0:04:40 | |
It's tiny! | 0:04:42 | 0:04:43 | |
Well, it is, but it does draw in six million gallons of water daily, into the canal system. | 0:04:44 | 0:04:51 | |
So this section is just a narrow feeder into the system. | 0:04:51 | 0:04:54 | |
There was no need to build a wide section here to connect with the River Dee. | 0:04:54 | 0:04:59 | |
Now, the prize at the end of this canal is the aqueduct, | 0:04:59 | 0:05:02 | |
but please help me with the pronunciation. | 0:05:02 | 0:05:05 | |
The Pontcysyllte Aqueduct. | 0:05:05 | 0:05:06 | |
-Say that again. -Pontcysyllte. | 0:05:06 | 0:05:08 | |
Pont-cyll-yll-te? | 0:05:08 | 0:05:09 | |
"Pont" is "bridge", of course, | 0:05:09 | 0:05:11 | |
and "cysyllte" is the Welsh word "to join". | 0:05:11 | 0:05:14 | |
So it's cy-syll-te. | 0:05:14 | 0:05:16 | |
Cysyllte. | 0:05:16 | 0:05:17 | |
-Pontcysyllte. -Pontcysyllte. | 0:05:17 | 0:05:19 | |
-So you just say it quickly. Pontcysyllte. -All one word. | 0:05:19 | 0:05:22 | |
-Pontcysyllte. -Pontcysyllte. Right, I'll practise that. Pontcythyllte. | 0:05:22 | 0:05:26 | |
It's like you haven't got your teeth in. Pontcysyllte. | 0:05:26 | 0:05:29 | |
I'd better go and see it while I'm learning how to say it. | 0:05:29 | 0:05:33 | |
-To help you on your way, here's a little book about the canal. -Thank you. | 0:05:33 | 0:05:37 | |
Look out for the slate works at Pentrefelin, which is now a motor museum, | 0:05:37 | 0:05:41 | |
half a mile downstream. | 0:05:41 | 0:05:43 | |
Fantastic, thank you very much. Pontcysyllte. | 0:05:43 | 0:05:45 | |
Pontcysyllte. | 0:05:45 | 0:05:47 | |
How do you say "rain" in Welsh? | 0:05:48 | 0:05:51 | |
Bwrw glaw. | 0:05:51 | 0:05:53 | |
Bye. | 0:05:53 | 0:05:54 | |
My six-mile walk today takes me through this lush valley, | 0:05:57 | 0:06:01 | |
which, 200 years ago, was a remote, rural backwater. | 0:06:01 | 0:06:04 | |
Back then, there was an even bigger, more ambitious canal network being planned, | 0:06:05 | 0:06:10 | |
which had 1,200 speculators stampeding to invest. | 0:06:10 | 0:06:13 | |
The idea was to connect the three rivers of the Mersey, Dee and Severn by canal. | 0:06:15 | 0:06:20 | |
This network would crucially reach into the industrial regions surrounding Wrexham, | 0:06:20 | 0:06:25 | |
where reservoirs would supply the water to keep the canals topped up. | 0:06:25 | 0:06:29 | |
Work was already well underway on Telford's aqueduct | 0:06:29 | 0:06:33 | |
and the section leading towards England, when disaster struck. | 0:06:33 | 0:06:37 | |
In 1801, the money ran out, | 0:06:37 | 0:06:39 | |
and plans to continue north across the aqueduct towards Wrexham | 0:06:39 | 0:06:43 | |
had to be abandoned. | 0:06:43 | 0:06:45 | |
Now, with no reservoirs for water supply, | 0:06:47 | 0:06:49 | |
Telford's crowning glory could be left quite literally high and dry. | 0:06:49 | 0:06:53 | |
My walk today was Telford's answer to the problem. | 0:07:00 | 0:07:03 | |
A six-mile water line. | 0:07:03 | 0:07:05 | |
But it's a route that was never actually meant to exist. | 0:07:05 | 0:07:09 | |
And in building this canal, Telford opted for the most efficient route that he could. | 0:07:11 | 0:07:16 | |
So that means a walk which hugs the higher contours and stays at a nice, steady level throughout. | 0:07:18 | 0:07:23 | |
Time indeed, to soak up the very tranquil surroundings | 0:07:24 | 0:07:28 | |
of this lovely, green corridor. | 0:07:28 | 0:07:30 | |
There's something so peaceful about walking alongside water. | 0:07:36 | 0:07:41 | |
Watching the leaves and the foliage drift along the surface. | 0:07:41 | 0:07:46 | |
And these fronds waving at you from the canal bed. | 0:07:46 | 0:07:49 | |
They're mesmerising. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:53 | |
For the first half mile or so, | 0:08:06 | 0:08:08 | |
you can actually see the bottom of the canal and its jagged bedrock. | 0:08:08 | 0:08:12 | |
It's no surprise that it took them four years to cut this entire line. | 0:08:12 | 0:08:16 | |
Then the walk opens out into the hamlet of Pentrefelin. | 0:08:19 | 0:08:22 | |
The canal engineers knew that nestling in the hills here | 0:08:22 | 0:08:26 | |
were slate quarries, | 0:08:26 | 0:08:27 | |
hungry to take advantage of the new form of transport, which the canal offered. | 0:08:27 | 0:08:32 | |
It might have been built to supply water, | 0:08:32 | 0:08:34 | |
but once it arrived, new opportunities for trade were quickly taken up. | 0:08:34 | 0:08:39 | |
I'm well above the river now. | 0:08:39 | 0:08:42 | |
From here, you can see the river flowing down the valley, | 0:08:42 | 0:08:46 | |
but the canal stays dead level. | 0:08:46 | 0:08:48 | |
And there's the motor museum that Bryn was telling me about, | 0:08:51 | 0:08:55 | |
which is the old slate works. | 0:08:55 | 0:08:57 | |
Wales is said to have roofed the world, | 0:09:01 | 0:09:04 | |
and this now-quiet spot was part of that golden industrial age. | 0:09:04 | 0:09:07 | |
The little building and the tree on the left are still here today. | 0:09:07 | 0:09:11 | |
The arrival of the canal crucially opened up a route to England, | 0:09:13 | 0:09:16 | |
where there was a growing demand for this much sought-after building material. | 0:09:16 | 0:09:21 | |
At its height in 1881, | 0:09:22 | 0:09:24 | |
loaders shifted hundreds of tonnes of slate onto waiting barges. | 0:09:24 | 0:09:28 | |
Horses rattled via a tram road from the quarry above, | 0:09:28 | 0:09:32 | |
and inside the building now occupied with vintage cars, | 0:09:32 | 0:09:35 | |
slate was shaped and planed, then heaved onto the waiting canal boats. | 0:09:35 | 0:09:40 | |
By the late 19th century, | 0:09:42 | 0:09:44 | |
commercial traffic had also reached a peak, | 0:09:44 | 0:09:46 | |
and fly-boats were in operation. | 0:09:46 | 0:09:48 | |
These were the express couriers of their day, | 0:09:48 | 0:09:52 | |
travelling round the clock. | 0:09:52 | 0:09:53 | |
Who would know that there was so much activity here once upon a time? | 0:09:57 | 0:10:01 | |
As a walker, you could easily walk on through | 0:10:01 | 0:10:03 | |
without giving it a second glance. | 0:10:03 | 0:10:06 | |
Originally, before the invention of steam engines, | 0:10:09 | 0:10:11 | |
it was horses that pulled the boats. | 0:10:11 | 0:10:14 | |
Today, the only traffic on this one-mile stretch before the town of Llangollen, | 0:10:16 | 0:10:21 | |
are sightseeing boats that are still horse-drawn. | 0:10:21 | 0:10:24 | |
Hello. | 0:10:24 | 0:10:25 | |
Nice little afternoon on the canal. | 0:10:25 | 0:10:28 | |
Hiya. | 0:10:29 | 0:10:31 | |
Hiya. Be with you in a minute. | 0:10:31 | 0:10:33 | |
I'm meeting Peter Furness, the current owner of one of Llangollen's oldest attractions. | 0:10:33 | 0:10:38 | |
-Stanley, is it Stanley? -Stanley. | 0:10:38 | 0:10:40 | |
Hello, Stanley. | 0:10:40 | 0:10:41 | |
Come on, then, Stanley. | 0:10:41 | 0:10:43 | |
Oopsadaisy. | 0:10:43 | 0:10:44 | |
And how long's this been going on? | 0:10:45 | 0:10:48 | |
Pulling tourists up and down the canal? | 0:10:48 | 0:10:50 | |
-Over 125 years now. -Really? | 0:10:50 | 0:10:52 | |
So who started it? Whose idea was it? | 0:10:52 | 0:10:54 | |
Er, a character by the name of Captain Jones | 0:10:54 | 0:10:57 | |
started the whole thing off, 1884. | 0:10:57 | 0:11:00 | |
And where did he get the idea? Do you know? | 0:11:00 | 0:11:03 | |
I don't know, but he was ahead of his time in the sense that | 0:11:03 | 0:11:06 | |
he spotted some potential in the tourist market. | 0:11:06 | 0:11:09 | |
Tourism wasn't unknown in those days | 0:11:09 | 0:11:11 | |
but it was only in its infancy. | 0:11:11 | 0:11:13 | |
He was a ship's captain with the White Star line. | 0:11:13 | 0:11:16 | |
The story goes that one day he fell off the bridge of his ship, | 0:11:16 | 0:11:20 | |
allegedly whilst drunk. | 0:11:20 | 0:11:23 | |
The White Star line, perhaps thinking it wasn't good for their image to have a drunken captain... | 0:11:23 | 0:11:29 | |
Who'd have thought? Who'd have come up with that idea? A drunken captain. | 0:11:29 | 0:11:33 | |
So they pensioned him off. | 0:11:33 | 0:11:35 | |
And with his pension, he purchased two redundant ship's lifeboats | 0:11:35 | 0:11:39 | |
from the docks at Liverpool, | 0:11:39 | 0:11:40 | |
brought them to Llangollen, | 0:11:40 | 0:11:42 | |
and started the horse-drawn boats of Llangollen. | 0:11:42 | 0:11:45 | |
They've been going ever since. | 0:11:45 | 0:11:47 | |
-That's quite a story, isn't it? -It is. | 0:11:47 | 0:11:49 | |
And of course, tourism is one of the main attractions in this valley now, isn't it? | 0:11:49 | 0:11:54 | |
It certainly is. It's a very major player in the local economy. | 0:11:54 | 0:11:59 | |
Thomas Telford, of course, played his part in that, | 0:11:59 | 0:12:02 | |
building the canal, | 0:12:02 | 0:12:04 | |
big improvements to the A5 main road, | 0:12:04 | 0:12:06 | |
and the major one now is the International Eisteddfod, | 0:12:06 | 0:12:10 | |
held every year in Llangollen. | 0:12:10 | 0:12:12 | |
-Eisteth-fod. -Eisteddfod. | 0:12:12 | 0:12:13 | |
That's the music festival? | 0:12:13 | 0:12:15 | |
That's the music festival, yeah. | 0:12:15 | 0:12:17 | |
I know you'll be walking a bit further along the canal soon, | 0:12:17 | 0:12:21 | |
and you'll see the International Eisteddfod Pavilion | 0:12:21 | 0:12:24 | |
beside the canal. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:25 | |
A very iconic building. | 0:12:25 | 0:12:27 | |
-Right. I might have a little sing-song. -Indeed. | 0:12:27 | 0:12:31 | |
Right, well, I shall try and get a bit more horsepower on. | 0:12:31 | 0:12:34 | |
-Lovely to meet you. -OK. -Thanks a lot. | 0:12:34 | 0:12:36 | |
SINGING | 0:12:46 | 0:12:48 | |
I don't have long to get my voice in tune | 0:12:48 | 0:12:50 | |
before I reach this rather unusual canalside spectacle. | 0:12:50 | 0:12:54 | |
Ooh. | 0:12:54 | 0:12:55 | |
It's like a little... Millennium Dome. | 0:12:58 | 0:13:02 | |
A mini Millennium Dome. | 0:13:03 | 0:13:04 | |
Eisteddfod literally means "to be sitting together", | 0:13:07 | 0:13:10 | |
and its origins lie in the 12th century Welsh tradition | 0:13:10 | 0:13:14 | |
of gathering to celebrate language, poetry and literature. | 0:13:14 | 0:13:17 | |
The first International Eisteddfod was held in 1947 | 0:13:17 | 0:13:22 | |
to promote a message of post-war peace. | 0:13:22 | 0:13:26 | |
Today, this is the Pavilion where over 5,000 artists | 0:13:26 | 0:13:29 | |
from over 50 different countries | 0:13:29 | 0:13:31 | |
perform and compete to audiences of more than 50,000. | 0:13:31 | 0:13:35 | |
Locals say the International Eisteddfod is where Wales welcomes the world. | 0:13:36 | 0:13:41 | |
It's even been the unexpected launch pad for some highbrow careers. | 0:13:41 | 0:13:45 | |
In 1955, Pavarotti came to compete with his father, | 0:13:45 | 0:13:49 | |
and their choir from Modena. | 0:13:49 | 0:13:51 | |
They won the male voice choir competition, | 0:13:51 | 0:13:54 | |
which he said was the most important experience of his life, | 0:13:54 | 0:13:58 | |
and inspired him to turn professional. | 0:13:58 | 0:14:01 | |
He returned 40 years later to give a triumphant, free and tearful concert. | 0:14:01 | 0:14:06 | |
Think about all the thousands of people who've sung their little lungs out in there. | 0:14:07 | 0:14:12 | |
And it all takes place right next to the canal. | 0:14:12 | 0:14:15 | |
This canal has a history of drawing people to it, | 0:14:18 | 0:14:20 | |
like the writer George Borrow who came here in 1854 | 0:14:20 | 0:14:24 | |
and discovered a hidden culture and lifestyle. | 0:14:24 | 0:14:27 | |
Llangollen was at the heart of it. | 0:14:27 | 0:14:29 | |
In his book Wild Wales, he wrote, | 0:14:31 | 0:14:33 | |
"I walked along the bank of the canal." | 0:14:33 | 0:14:36 | |
"Presently I came to a barge." | 0:14:36 | 0:14:39 | |
"The boatman was in." | 0:14:39 | 0:14:40 | |
"I entered into conversation with him, | 0:14:43 | 0:14:45 | |
and he told me the canal and its branches extended over a great part of Britain." | 0:14:45 | 0:14:50 | |
"The boats carried slates, | 0:14:50 | 0:14:51 | |
and he was generally three weeks on a journey." | 0:14:51 | 0:14:54 | |
"The boatmen and their families lived in little cabins aft." | 0:14:56 | 0:15:00 | |
"They passed by many towns, | 0:15:00 | 0:15:02 | |
but he liked no place as much as Llangollen." | 0:15:02 | 0:15:06 | |
After two miles, I arrive on the outskirts of Llangollen. | 0:15:09 | 0:15:12 | |
This is the end of the line for these modern narrowboats, | 0:15:12 | 0:15:15 | |
which have travelled in the opposite direction to me from the aqueduct. | 0:15:15 | 0:15:19 | |
They won't be going any further. | 0:15:19 | 0:15:21 | |
It's too shallow for these engine-powered boats to go where I've just walked, | 0:15:21 | 0:15:25 | |
and there's nowhere beyond this mooring basin to turn around. | 0:15:25 | 0:15:29 | |
Looks like a pretty good spot to hole up for the night. | 0:15:31 | 0:15:35 | |
-Hello. -Hiya, hello. | 0:15:39 | 0:15:40 | |
It might be a nice place to stop, | 0:15:42 | 0:15:44 | |
but there are plenty of walkers who, like me, are treading the towpath. | 0:15:44 | 0:15:48 | |
Good luck. Keep walking. | 0:15:50 | 0:15:51 | |
And you. | 0:15:51 | 0:15:53 | |
Arriving in Llangollen is a reminder | 0:15:57 | 0:15:59 | |
of how much this canal helped advance industrialisation in this part of rural Wales. | 0:15:59 | 0:16:04 | |
Although its initial purpose was simply to draw water from the river, | 0:16:07 | 0:16:11 | |
trade and then tourism became natural by-products. | 0:16:11 | 0:16:14 | |
The canal also enabled materials to be brought in | 0:16:14 | 0:16:17 | |
to build the very thing which spelled its demise, the railways. | 0:16:17 | 0:16:22 | |
The arrival of the train in 1816 | 0:16:23 | 0:16:25 | |
sounded the death knell on the canal, | 0:16:25 | 0:16:27 | |
and the last trade boat ploughed its waters | 0:16:27 | 0:16:30 | |
on the eve of the First World War. | 0:16:30 | 0:16:32 | |
So it's tourism which is now the main trade of this valley, | 0:16:33 | 0:16:36 | |
boosted in 2009 by its World Heritage title, | 0:16:36 | 0:16:40 | |
awarded both to the canal and its formidable aqueduct. | 0:16:40 | 0:16:44 | |
This new status has put Llangollen on the world tourist map, | 0:16:44 | 0:16:48 | |
and would you believe it, | 0:16:48 | 0:16:49 | |
Harrison Ford and Calista Flockhart have even come here | 0:16:49 | 0:16:53 | |
to escape Hollywood on a narrowboat holiday. | 0:16:53 | 0:16:56 | |
Hiya. Looks like fun. | 0:16:56 | 0:16:58 | |
You've got the easy job. | 0:16:59 | 0:17:01 | |
What's perhaps surprising is that this World Heritage title | 0:17:01 | 0:17:05 | |
extends along the whole of my canal walk, | 0:17:05 | 0:17:08 | |
as well as the aqueduct. | 0:17:08 | 0:17:09 | |
This status recognises the astonishing problems | 0:17:11 | 0:17:13 | |
which the engineers overcame in carving this route. | 0:17:13 | 0:17:16 | |
It wasn't blasted with dynamite. | 0:17:16 | 0:17:18 | |
Instead, the full six miles were cut by hand through solid rock, | 0:17:18 | 0:17:23 | |
with only the basic tools of a pick, shovel and a barrow. | 0:17:23 | 0:17:27 | |
And it's this determination | 0:17:27 | 0:17:28 | |
to overcome such seemingly impossible obstacles, | 0:17:28 | 0:17:32 | |
which contributed to the coveted World Heritage title. | 0:17:32 | 0:17:35 | |
You can see how seriously difficult it must have been | 0:17:36 | 0:17:39 | |
to channel through this rock. | 0:17:39 | 0:17:41 | |
And because this slender route | 0:17:41 | 0:17:43 | |
was never originally intended for heavy traffic, | 0:17:43 | 0:17:46 | |
it's created some interesting navigational challenges | 0:17:46 | 0:17:49 | |
for today's novice boater. | 0:17:49 | 0:17:51 | |
And for me, there's the chance to immerse myself in another great canal tradition, | 0:17:52 | 0:17:56 | |
the art of gongoozling, a lovely old canal word, | 0:17:56 | 0:17:59 | |
which simply means stopping, staring, | 0:17:59 | 0:18:02 | |
and watching a bit of canal life go by. | 0:18:02 | 0:18:05 | |
This swing bridge which links farmland might make life for the cows easier, | 0:18:12 | 0:18:16 | |
but for boaters, there are only inches on either side. | 0:18:16 | 0:18:20 | |
Looks like a tight squeeze. | 0:18:20 | 0:18:22 | |
It's his first one, so... | 0:18:24 | 0:18:25 | |
Ooh, here we go. | 0:18:25 | 0:18:27 | |
Are we going to touch the side? | 0:18:27 | 0:18:30 | |
No. You've done this before. | 0:18:30 | 0:18:33 | |
A little bit. Not much, though. | 0:18:33 | 0:18:36 | |
Very good. I was expecting a little crunch. | 0:18:36 | 0:18:39 | |
Well done. | 0:18:43 | 0:18:44 | |
Ooh, millimetres to go, there. | 0:18:46 | 0:18:49 | |
Phew! And he's through. | 0:18:54 | 0:18:56 | |
Out the way. | 0:19:02 | 0:19:03 | |
Today this charming stretch of waterway is one of the country's most popular, | 0:19:03 | 0:19:09 | |
with over 15,000 boats travelling along it each year. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:13 | |
But boat traffic like this is a far cry from the original design | 0:19:13 | 0:19:17 | |
that Telford conceived. | 0:19:17 | 0:19:19 | |
Back then, keeping his visionary aqueduct stocked with water was paramount | 0:19:19 | 0:19:24 | |
and he was determined to succeed. | 0:19:24 | 0:19:26 | |
In 1793, he wrote, | 0:19:26 | 0:19:29 | |
"It is the greatest work, I believe, now in hand in this kingdom." | 0:19:29 | 0:19:33 | |
Hiya. Hello. | 0:19:39 | 0:19:41 | |
I must get myself on one of those in a minute. | 0:19:42 | 0:19:45 | |
Today, boats can steadily chug their way along a pretty uncomplicated route. | 0:19:45 | 0:19:51 | |
By following the natural contours, | 0:19:51 | 0:19:53 | |
Telford cleverly avoided the need for any locks. | 0:19:53 | 0:19:56 | |
As the River Dee flows steadily downwards, | 0:19:57 | 0:19:59 | |
the canal, instead, sticks above it, hugging the valleyside. | 0:19:59 | 0:20:03 | |
The tree-lined banks open out to glorious, wide views. | 0:20:03 | 0:20:06 | |
The river's a long way down now, | 0:20:09 | 0:20:11 | |
which means my stream in the sky can't be too far away. | 0:20:11 | 0:20:16 | |
So before I start on the final stretch of my walk, | 0:20:19 | 0:20:22 | |
there's time to enjoy one last view, | 0:20:22 | 0:20:24 | |
and a bit of towpath foraging. | 0:20:24 | 0:20:26 | |
Hiya. A bit of blackberry-picking? | 0:20:27 | 0:20:30 | |
Just a bit, yeah. | 0:20:30 | 0:20:31 | |
Oh, that's nice. | 0:20:31 | 0:20:33 | |
Crumble pie. | 0:20:33 | 0:20:35 | |
Crumble pie? Are you going to make it? | 0:20:35 | 0:20:37 | |
-No, I am. -Good. | 0:20:37 | 0:20:38 | |
-All going to make it. -Do you live around here? | 0:20:38 | 0:20:41 | |
Yeah, we live in Llangollen. | 0:20:41 | 0:20:43 | |
It must be lovely to be so close to everything. | 0:20:43 | 0:20:46 | |
Yeah, it's beautiful. You've seen the escarpment? Have you come from Horseshoe Falls? | 0:20:46 | 0:20:51 | |
Climbing and walking and mountain biking, it's great. | 0:20:51 | 0:20:54 | |
-All good outdoor stuff I approve of. -How far are you walking? | 0:20:54 | 0:20:57 | |
-To the end, to the aqueduct. -OK. | 0:20:57 | 0:20:59 | |
Hopefully it's not too much further. | 0:20:59 | 0:21:02 | |
-You haven't been over it before? -No. | 0:21:02 | 0:21:04 | |
-It's quite exciting. -So I've heard. | 0:21:04 | 0:21:06 | |
-It's quite exciting if you bike over it. -Yeah, I can't wait to see it. | 0:21:06 | 0:21:10 | |
-Quite a drop. -Yeah, just beautiful, gorgeous views down the valley. | 0:21:10 | 0:21:14 | |
Got a pretty good view here, though. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:16 | |
-It's not bad, is it? -It's lovely. | 0:21:16 | 0:21:18 | |
Right, I shall get on, then, for my prize. Lovely to meet you. | 0:21:20 | 0:21:24 | |
-Do you want a blackberry? -Yeah, I'll take a blackberry. | 0:21:24 | 0:21:27 | |
-Lovely. Have a good crumble, guys. -Thank you. Happy walking. | 0:21:27 | 0:21:30 | |
The aqueduct is certainly going to be a grand finale to my walk, | 0:21:34 | 0:21:37 | |
and its ambition is perhaps all the more astounding | 0:21:37 | 0:21:41 | |
because it came so soon after the first engineering experiments with cast iron. | 0:21:41 | 0:21:45 | |
Telford had been an instant convert to this new alternative to stone. | 0:21:45 | 0:21:49 | |
You can barely make it out amongst the trees, | 0:21:51 | 0:21:54 | |
but there's my first glimpse of the aqueduct. | 0:21:54 | 0:21:58 | |
It took 200 men and ten years, | 0:22:08 | 0:22:09 | |
but it was eventually completed in 1805. | 0:22:09 | 0:22:12 | |
Given the scale, it's extraordinary that its construction almost went without a hitch. | 0:22:18 | 0:22:24 | |
One man died in the process, | 0:22:28 | 0:22:29 | |
which a contemporary account describes rather starkly. | 0:22:29 | 0:22:33 | |
"He experienced no suffering, | 0:22:33 | 0:22:34 | |
as the tremendous height from which he fell caused instant dissolution." | 0:22:34 | 0:22:39 | |
Well, there's a warning. | 0:22:39 | 0:22:41 | |
Back down on the walk, the aqueduct is just over a mile away. | 0:22:48 | 0:22:51 | |
The thrilling bit is going across it, | 0:22:51 | 0:22:54 | |
so I'm heading to where the feeder canal joins the aqueduct, | 0:22:54 | 0:22:57 | |
where I'm hoping to find an intriguing local character, | 0:22:57 | 0:23:00 | |
Jones the Boats. | 0:23:00 | 0:23:02 | |
someone I've heard has a head for heights and might just be able to help me cross the big one. | 0:23:02 | 0:23:07 | |
That's what I'm after. | 0:23:07 | 0:23:09 | |
Hello, hello. I know who you are. | 0:23:10 | 0:23:12 | |
How are you doing, Peter? | 0:23:12 | 0:23:14 | |
Fine, thank you. | 0:23:14 | 0:23:15 | |
-How much do I have to pay to get across the aqueduct? -Well, seeing as it's you, hop on. | 0:23:15 | 0:23:20 | |
That's what I wanted to hear. | 0:23:20 | 0:23:22 | |
You lead the way. | 0:23:22 | 0:23:23 | |
There we are. | 0:23:23 | 0:23:25 | |
Great, I'll put that away in there out the way. | 0:23:25 | 0:23:28 | |
-The aqueduct's clear so we'll go. -Perfect. | 0:23:28 | 0:23:31 | |
We're now leaving the basin area behind. | 0:23:34 | 0:23:37 | |
It's a real hub, and the gathering point for people building up to make the big crossing. | 0:23:37 | 0:23:42 | |
So what are the rules? How do you make sure that you get your place? | 0:23:43 | 0:23:47 | |
It's a simple system. If you can see your way clear, you can go. If you can't, you wait. | 0:23:47 | 0:23:52 | |
Well, we can definitely see our way clear, so we're on our way. | 0:23:52 | 0:23:56 | |
Now, I feel now as if I should be on that side. | 0:23:56 | 0:24:00 | |
-Um... -To get the full view. | 0:24:00 | 0:24:02 | |
Yes, well, if you'd like to come round. | 0:24:02 | 0:24:04 | |
I want the full experience here. | 0:24:04 | 0:24:06 | |
Right. Be careful, though, as you can see. | 0:24:06 | 0:24:09 | |
I will. Oh, my God! | 0:24:09 | 0:24:12 | |
That's mad! | 0:24:15 | 0:24:16 | |
It is quite incredible. I don't know anything like this in the country. | 0:24:18 | 0:24:23 | |
No, it is the highest navigable aqueduct in the country. | 0:24:23 | 0:24:27 | |
And to be able just to be here, | 0:24:27 | 0:24:29 | |
like this, hanging off the edge. | 0:24:29 | 0:24:31 | |
-Yes. -It's incredible. | 0:24:31 | 0:24:33 | |
It's been here 200 years. | 0:24:33 | 0:24:35 | |
The engineering is quite extraordinary. | 0:24:54 | 0:24:57 | |
I mean, how's this been constructed? | 0:24:57 | 0:24:59 | |
Well, it stands on 18 stone pillars, | 0:24:59 | 0:25:03 | |
local stone, brought down from the hills around, dressed on site. | 0:25:03 | 0:25:06 | |
Then the blocks were held together | 0:25:06 | 0:25:09 | |
with a mortar strengthened with ox blood and lime. | 0:25:09 | 0:25:11 | |
1700 oxen were used in the process, apparently. | 0:25:14 | 0:25:16 | |
-Not the place to be an ox. -No. | 0:25:16 | 0:25:19 | |
And then the trough that we're in is cast iron. | 0:25:20 | 0:25:24 | |
And so as a sealant, he came up with a gasket that was Welsh flannel | 0:25:25 | 0:25:31 | |
dipped in boiling sugar, and then the edges sealed off with lead. | 0:25:31 | 0:25:36 | |
And so, all the cooks usually tell me, | 0:25:37 | 0:25:39 | |
"Boiling sugar, oh, yes, treacle toffee." | 0:25:39 | 0:25:42 | |
And that's what's keeping the water in at the moment. | 0:25:42 | 0:25:46 | |
So we're basically in a big bath that's held together by toffee. | 0:25:46 | 0:25:50 | |
Well, it... | 0:25:50 | 0:25:52 | |
I suppose that's basically it, yes. | 0:25:52 | 0:25:54 | |
Fair enough. | 0:25:54 | 0:25:56 | |
But it's lasted this long. | 0:25:56 | 0:25:57 | |
It's lasted this long. It doesn't leak and hasn't leaked. | 0:25:57 | 0:26:01 | |
I would just hitch a lift with you every time if I could. I love it. | 0:26:02 | 0:26:06 | |
I'd be very glad for you to do that. | 0:26:06 | 0:26:08 | |
Right, I'll do a little bit of ducking and diving. | 0:26:08 | 0:26:11 | |
There we are. | 0:26:11 | 0:26:13 | |
And I shall make my exit. | 0:26:13 | 0:26:14 | |
Thank you very much indeed. | 0:26:14 | 0:26:16 | |
Thank you very much. That was fantastic. Safe as you go. | 0:26:16 | 0:26:19 | |
-Yep. -See you. | 0:26:19 | 0:26:21 | |
-See you, bye. -Bye. | 0:26:21 | 0:26:22 | |
Well, I've got to do it by foot now, haven't I? | 0:26:29 | 0:26:32 | |
Its name might be a bit of a tongue-twister, | 0:26:36 | 0:26:39 | |
and its height can also tie your stomach in knots, | 0:26:39 | 0:26:41 | |
but one thing is very clear. | 0:26:41 | 0:26:43 | |
This "stream through the skies" is a phenomenal piece of engineering. | 0:26:43 | 0:26:47 | |
It rubs shoulders with the likes of Stonehenge and the Taj Mahal | 0:26:52 | 0:26:56 | |
as a World Heritage Site. | 0:26:56 | 0:26:57 | |
But it also remains Telford's great legacy. | 0:26:57 | 0:27:00 | |
A grand plan on a grand scale, | 0:27:00 | 0:27:02 | |
that's never since been repeated. | 0:27:02 | 0:27:05 | |
And this is what he so brilliantly managed to achieve. | 0:27:07 | 0:27:10 | |
He took the water from the River Dee, | 0:27:10 | 0:27:12 | |
and made it fly above itself. | 0:27:12 | 0:27:15 | |
It's this bridge which brings so many people to this part of Wales. | 0:27:49 | 0:27:53 | |
They come, quite rightly, to gasp and gaze in admiration. | 0:27:53 | 0:27:58 | |
And even though this is the big prize, | 0:27:58 | 0:28:01 | |
back there, the story unfolds, | 0:28:01 | 0:28:03 | |
of a river and a canal entwined for hundreds of years, | 0:28:03 | 0:28:07 | |
that have helped pave the fortune of this green valley. | 0:28:07 | 0:28:10 | |
Llangollen Canal, you beauty. | 0:28:10 | 0:28:13 | |
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd | 0:28:35 | 0:28:38 | |
E-mail [email protected] | 0:28:38 | 0:28:42 |