Episode 1 Great War Diaries


Episode 1

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Transcript


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'We, for our part, were "military"

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'and bandaged little messenger boys in the park.

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'I do believe we all felt like...doing our bit.

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'The messenger boys' wounds were always conveniently placed,

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'and they never screamed and writhed or prayed for morphia

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'when they were being bandaged.

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'And shoulders were not shot away,

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'nor eyes blinded, nor men's faces mushed.'

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Papa! Papa!

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'On this day in August, I was looking for my father

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'out in the fields.'

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Papa!

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'The bells had been ringing for hours.'

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Pap! Papa!

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'When it is not a feast day, the bells chime only

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'when there is a fire, or something really bad has happened.

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'They were ringing not only in our village,

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'but also in the neighbouring town.

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'How different the bells sounded on that day,

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'as if they were a portent of things to come, calling for help.'

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Papa! Papa!

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'My father was a colonel of the Kuban Cossacks, a proud, hard man.

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'On this day, he hugged and kissed me without a word.

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'He had never done so before.'

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BELLS TOLL

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'On a certain radiant morning seven weeks ago,

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'we learned that a man and woman had been murdered in a distant country.

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'We felt deeply for the great family who had known many tragedies,

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'but the murder of the Grand Duke and Duchess of Austria

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'in the town of Sarajevo had nothing to do with us - so we thought.

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'We were wrong.

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'War had been declared.

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'The thing which we had talked of for years had happened.

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'And with the lifting of the veil of that peace, which concealed the hate

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'behind it, Germany stood revealed as England's old and implacable enemy.'

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And now, what would the gash of a sabre look like?

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Would it cut through the middle of the face?

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No, the face must surely be preserved.

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Perhaps a slice through the shoulder?

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'We were not ready, we did not pretend to be ready,

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'but we meant to fight whether we were ready or not.

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'Also we meant to go on fighting till the end.

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'The war was a matter of national honour.

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'Even though Englishmen do not feel hate, they very often feel rage.'

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My, my, I'm terribly excited.

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We're going to take care of all these men. Bandage, wash...

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Most importantly, we must smile.

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All of you must maintain your smile.

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I call it the Patent Patriotic Smile. It looks somewhat like this.

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You must learn to carry it in all situations -

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it will keep up the men's courage.

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No doubt we should start there.

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'I, Sarah Macnaughtan, am Scottish and proud of it.

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'I was born in 1864 into a wealthy family.

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'To me, it has always been important to use my wealth to alleviate

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'the sufferings of others and to do good.

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'As a Red Cross volunteer,

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'I have lived through the wars in South Africa and the Balkans,

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'so it is only natural that I should

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'report for duty as an auxiliary nurse at the front in Belgium.

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'Travelling with me is a group of inexperienced young women,

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'who also want to assist the British Army in the most brutal conflict

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'it has ever faced.'

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Give me a hand here, would you, dear?

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Don't forget your jacket. Oh, your suitcase.

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Allow me, ladies.

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I'm Dr Henry Beavis and you've been assigned to me.

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Sarah Macnaughtan, sir. Our outfit is complete.

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All the women of our group are prepared to partake

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in the toughest of tasks to aid the wounded.

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The wounded?

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My dear ladies, what do you expect you'll be doing?

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Forgive me, Doctor...Beavis.

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I can assure you that with my experience in the South African War...

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And I can assure YOU,

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this is no mere skirmish with a couple of natives.

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Cooking, cleaning and food distribution are precisely

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the tough tasks you can look forward to. Shall we?

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'Karl argues against it with every reason he can think of.

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'I feel somewhat grateful that he should fight for him.'

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'I am Kathe Kollwitz, mother, wife, Social Democrat

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'and above all, artist.

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'It is the suffering of the working class that drives me.

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'I must draw it, must show it to the world.

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'We, on the other hand, are doing very well.

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'I am called Germany's most important female artist.

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'Karl is a successful doctor

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'and we live with our son Peter in Berlin - where else?

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'Here, for all its modernity, power is still in the hands

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'of the arch-conservative Prussian nobility, and above all,

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'in the hands of the heel-clicking military that keeps them there.

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'At its head is Emperor Wilhelm II,

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'a ruler who seems unable to distinguish fantasy from reality.

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'Since the day I was born, Germany has won all the wars it fought.

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'We have forged a mighty empire through these victories,

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'but with it, fear, even hatred, from our neighbours.

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'We feel, in fact, surrounded by enemies.

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'A feeling of pressure, and inconsolability.

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'Of the impossibility of sacrificing Peter.'

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'One speaks in vain

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'because the boy's silence overwhelms my own inner feelings.'

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SINGING

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# It's a long way to Tipperary... #

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# Allons enfants de la Patrie... #

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PATRIOTIC NATIONAL SONGS

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PATRIOTIC NATIONAL SONGS

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PATRIOTIC NATIONAL SONGS

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'Our Cossacks were getting their horses ready to board the train.

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'The men showed off their courage and contempt of death,

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'as is required by tradition. They did not show their feelings.

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'I remembered an old war tradition, which my father had told me about.

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'The women follow the Cossacks as they go to war

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'and stay as close as possible to the army.

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'Why should it be any different this time?'

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'I had only one word ringing in my ears - war, war, war.

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'Against whom and why? The tsar had ordered it

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'and a Cossack never asks.'

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'I am Marina Yurlova and I'm 14 years old.

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'I live in the south of our mighty Russian Empire

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'in a small village by the river Kuban.

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'As the daughter of a Cossack colonel,

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'I'm always ready for adventure.

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'We Cossacks are feared warriors.

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'Because of this, we form the tsar's personal bodyguards.

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'Ordained by God, he rules over all Russians.

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'Nicholas II seems to me to be a very sad tsar.

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'Again and again, he has had to endure horrible news.

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'He has lost wars and even faced revolutions.

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'Now all of Russia seems to be losing its mind.

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'We Cossacks are the only ones he can always rely on...

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'..and he does.'

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'War. Everywhere, people on the streets.

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'And within me the feeling

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'we've endured long enough the pressure, the embrace of the enemy.

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'Now we are attacked and must defend ourselves.

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'Now we can live again.

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'It is as though we are awakened from an oppressive dream.'

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'And now it was all done.

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'That sacrifice my son drew me to and to which we drew Karl.

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'I must say something about my altered attitude towards the war.

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'For the first time, I felt the absolute togetherness of the people.

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'I felt I was beginning anew,

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'as though none of the old values were left,

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'as though everything had to be put to the test.'

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'I can't write, can't think connectedly,

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'can't get the idea of anything with any fullness.

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'I simply piffle through the whole of every day, thinking about what

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'I could do to hide my few years over the age limit.

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'I think I have an idea.'

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'I am Charles Edward Montague and at 48 years old, getting on a bit.

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'When I was a young man, I went up to Oxford,

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'where I became an ardent pacifist.

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'Today I live in London,

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'the capital city of the greatest empire the world has ever known.

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'At the moment, I am working as a journalist

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'for the Manchester Guardian.

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'But since the German attack on Belgium I am a pacifist no longer.

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'This injustice, this barbaric act of violence against a defenceless

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'people must be stopped.

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'And who can stop the Germans, if not us?

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'The wrath of the ordinary people is incredible.

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'German stores are ravaged.

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'Everything that is even remotely reminiscent of the hated Huns

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'is laid in ruins.

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'But for me, wrath alone is not enough.

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'I've decided to volunteer for the army,

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'even though I am some years over the age limit of 42.'

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Charles Edward Montague.

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Mountaineer. Swimmer. Sporting fit.

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41 years old, sir.

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Do you have a family?

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A wife and seven children, sir.

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And are things so bad at home that this will be your gift to your wife?

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Sir?

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Montague.

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How old are you?

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I mean, your real age,

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and don't you dare take me for a fool.

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'I just wanted to fight, like the rest of the country.

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'I felt an appetite for danger

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'and after all these years sitting behind a desk,

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'a passion for any fresh enterprise.

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'In a word, for more life.'

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48, sir, but only just.

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You know, it's rather scandalous, what you're doing here.

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If I hadn't seen that life-saving medal-ribbon on your jacket,

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I would have had you hauled off. Understood?

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Yes, sir!

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Montague. Out there, you won't be saving any lives. You'll be killing.

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Is that clear to you?

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'Peter and the others went to the barracks early for a medical examination.

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'They returned at six o'clock. They'd all been turned down.'

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'Hope...that we might be able to keep him at home.'

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PHONE RINGS

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'In times like these,

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'one realises how stupid it is that these children are going to war.

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'The whole thing is so desolate and mad.

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'This silly thought, that surely they will not take part in such

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'madness, and then, like a cold shower, you realise...they must.

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They must.

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A MAN SCREAMS

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'All my previous ideas of men marching to war had a touch

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'of heroism, crudely expressed by quick-step and smart uniforms.

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'Today I see men so broken

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'that their own mothers would hardly recognise them.

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'Their uniforms are stiff with blood and have to be cut off.'

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The wounded are collected in the courtyard.

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They carry labels with their names, regiment numbers,

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the types of wounds they have.

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You're here to ensure the men have something to drink.

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Fetch yourselves a handcart.

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I want to see tea, coffee and water here at all times.

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Understood?

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EXPLOSION

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Oh, you'll get used to it.

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The Germans don't normally fire at us

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but we're so close to the front, you never know your luck.

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Right, follow me.

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'The first sound of shells is unexpected and a little startling.

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'It is a curious sound of rending,

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'increasing in violence as the missile comes toward one,

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'giving one plenty of time to wonder whether it intends to hit one or not.'

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EXPLOSION

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'I saw French and Russian money in Peter's jacket.

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'then I take it all out again, because if he were taken prisoner,

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'he could be executed if French banknotes were found on him.

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'I'm only sewing in German gold for him now.'

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'We kiss goodbye. He thanks me. I thank him.

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'Suddenly, I sense something - my son will die.'

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'I bade farewell to my darling today.

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'Just as the train started to move, I was gripped by a sudden fear -

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'for now, I was letting go of everything that made life worth living.'

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'Dear mother, you will see I have left Aberystwyth as you feared.

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'My only two real friends have gone.

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'I have done nothing to dishonour you as my parents,

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'but on the contrary I believe that I will make you proud.'

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'Off to the front.

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'I asked my wife not to come with me to the station to say goodbye.

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'It would have taken away whatever little courage I have left.'

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'I kiss Nurya for the last time.

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'She calls out, "You promised not to cry!" I feel ashamed.

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'As my comrades sing, I cannot hold back the tears.'

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'I am not exaggerating when I say that I felt neither remorse nor fear.

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'I was a Cossack.

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'I was driven by a blind instinct to follow the men into war.

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'To be caught up in the tide was an adventure for me,

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'just as I had always dreamed it would be.'

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'"War", sang the iron wheels, "War, War" - a monotonous, contented song.

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'We passed many trains, all filled with men,

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'marching towards victory, or so we thought.'

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'Papa has told us that war has been declared between France and Germany.

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'Three regiments have already left for the border.

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'The soldiers are very happy. We can hear the cannons from here.'

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'The battle of Altkirch has happened.

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'Our soldiers took the town with their bayonets

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'and our cavalry went after the German rearguard.

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'The soldiers carry in triumph the border-posts they had uprooted.'

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'I am Yves Congar.

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'I am ten years old and I live in Sedan.

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'My father is too old now to go off with our regiments

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'and fight the Boche.

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'It's not the first time we have had to fight the Prussians -

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'both he and Grandpa remember only too well our last war -

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'the catastrophe of 1870-71.

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'To our shame, it was here, it was our city,

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'where we lost the decisive battle against Germany.

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'And after our defeat, we had to hand over Alsace and Lorraine,

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'two of our richest provinces, to Germany.

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'The whole nation is ashamed

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'and we never stop talking about it in school.'

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'We will never be able to live in peace

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'with such bloodthirsty neighbours,

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'everyone knows that.

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'But we had to be clever, we need allies to take on this monster.

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'Russia, and even England, our old enemy.

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'Together, united, we will defeat the Germans.'

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'The great battle has not begun yet.

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'Whenever German planes come to bomb us,

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'we shoot them down with cannon fire.

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EXPLOSION

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'We have already shot some down between Florenville and Carignan.

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'Today, the German planes flew overhead,

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'but then they turned away.'

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EXPLOSION

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SCREAMING

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'I had the rotten luck to be blown up while instructing our company in bombing.

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'There was not a great report, but a strong flame.

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'I was pushed back by the explosion.

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'When I looked round, I saw half a dozen men in great pain.'

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'To make a million volunteers into soldiers is a difficult undertaking.

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'I, at my age and with no experience at all, am now a plodding

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'grenadier sergeant, or ringleader of bomb-throwers.

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'Accidents are bound to happen.'

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Montague? Montague!

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You, you were lucky, my old friend.

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Luck? Call this luck?

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My moustache is gone. I suppose my wife never liked it anyway.

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But the hair? All that trouble.

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When can I go back to the men?

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You'll have to be patient.

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'On the eastern front, the battle has been raging for days.

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'If you are quiet and pay close attention,

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'you can feel the ground shake softly.

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'It is an ominous feeling.'

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'My name is Elfriede Kuhr and I am just a girl, worse luck.

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'Even worse, I am only 12 years old.

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'If only I was older - and a man - I could fight!

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'But here I am, stuck in this backwater with Grandmother,

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'who looks after me.

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'We live in Schneidemuhl, in the province of Posen,

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'where our great German Empire borders Russia.

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'And here, nothing ever happens at all.

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'But now, we are at war, and the Russians are advancing.

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'So like almost all girls in my class,

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'I have begun to write a war diary.

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'This is "to capture this glorious time", as our teacher puts it.'

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'At school, the teachers have told us

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'it is a duty towards our fatherland not to use foreign words.

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'At first, I didn't know what they meant by that.

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'Now I understand. We shouldn't use the word "Adieu" - it's French.'

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'From now on, I am to call Mama "Mutter",

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'but "Mutter" isn't gentle enough. I think I'll say "Muttchen".'

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'I've just arrived here in the slums of Woolwich,

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'in the outskirts of London.

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'The roads here are vile, cut to bits and thick with mud.'

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You lost your way?

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Excuse me, could you please point me in the right direction?

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I'm looking for hall number two of the munitions factory.

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SHE MIMICS

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Such a fine lady!

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What's your business here?

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Another volunteer, I suppose?

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It's over there.

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Won't be seein' that one 'ere again!

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Want to make a bet?

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Show me your papers!

0:31:390:31:41

Oh... Oh, God.

0:31:440:31:46

Oh, God!

0:31:460:31:48

'I am Gabrielle West.

0:31:570:31:59

'Papa, who chose my somewhat unusual name, has always tried to

0:32:010:32:05

'protect me from the unpleasantries of the outside world.

0:32:050:32:09

'So for 24 years I have lived a sheltered and carefree life...

0:32:090:32:15

'but no longer.

0:32:150:32:17

'We are at war and as a patriot I feel I must do my bit, too...

0:32:170:32:22

'..so I have set about looking for a job.

0:32:240:32:26

'It's not about the money, of course, but about serving my country.

0:32:270:32:32

'With the men gone to war,

0:32:320:32:34

'we women are desperately needed to work in the factories that

0:32:340:32:38

'make the bombs and grenades, which supply the front line.'

0:32:380:32:42

I've a good deal of experience, having worked with the Red Cross.

0:32:440:32:48

Would you like to see my references?

0:32:480:32:50

And are you familiar with THIS kind of environment?

0:32:500:32:53

What on earth is that?

0:32:550:32:58

Sulphuric and nitric acid.

0:32:580:33:00

Together, they're important in producing dynamite

0:33:000:33:02

and the explosives our men out there in France need.

0:33:020:33:06

A couple of hundred tonnes of this stuff a day.

0:33:060:33:08

'The particles of acid land on your face and make you nearly mad,

0:33:110:33:15

'like pins and needles, only much more so.

0:33:150:33:19

'They get up your nose and down your throat

0:33:190:33:21

'and into your eyes, so that you are blind

0:33:210:33:24

'and speechless by the time you make your escape.'

0:33:240:33:28

Did the Red Cross teach you how to handle the um...

0:33:280:33:31

the effect of this stuff, in case of an emergency?

0:33:310:33:35

Well, the procedure is relatively simple -

0:33:360:33:39

if conscious, give an emetic.

0:33:390:33:41

If blue in the face, apply artificial respiration.

0:33:410:33:44

If very blue - oxygen - but perhaps that's obvious to you.

0:33:440:33:49

I'm afraid the Red Cross simply had me running a large kitchen.

0:33:490:33:53

Really? In our kitchen, we have two nieces of the Duchess of Wellington.

0:33:530:33:58

And sadly, they couldn't tell the difference between a turnip

0:33:580:34:01

and a boiled egg.

0:34:010:34:03

There's some room here by me, if you like.

0:34:030:34:05

'The people are restless.

0:34:150:34:17

'I have heard that some families have already left Schneidemuhl.

0:34:170:34:21

'Trenches are being dug just a few kilometres outside the city.'

0:34:210:34:24

EXPLOSION

0:34:580:35:00

EXPLOSION

0:35:300:35:33

EXPLOSION

0:36:020:36:04

'My papa was right.

0:36:100:36:12

'We could hear the endless thump of the cannons from here...'

0:36:120:36:15

EXPLOSION

0:36:150:36:17

'..and also the sound of firearms and machine guns.

0:36:170:36:19

'Grandpapa, who always talks of the war of 1870, wonders if

0:36:190:36:24

'the whole town won't explode.'

0:36:240:36:26

'In my heart, a sort of cease-fire had set in.

0:36:320:36:36

'I did not need to cry any more, sometimes I was quite happy.

0:36:360:36:41

'As long as the boy is still alive, the feeling creeps over me

0:36:410:36:45

that everything will perhaps not be so bad.

0:36:450:36:48

'Moreover, there are good reports of the war in France.

0:36:480:36:51

'It might all be over in a few weeks' time.'

0:36:510:36:54

'Now and then artillery fire, some German snipers.'

0:36:580:37:02

-Good morning, Sir.

-Excuse me, Sir.

0:37:030:37:07

'Mainly we have been waiting.

0:37:070:37:08

'One can hardly imagine the ubiquitous muckiness,

0:37:110:37:14

'mud and stench of the whole front.

0:37:140:37:16

'That is the real enemy.

0:37:180:37:19

'I have had a little dose of trench fever

0:37:290:37:31

'and it isn't getting any better.

0:37:310:37:33

'Rather worse in these conditions.

0:37:350:37:37

'Should I really have insisted on serving in the trenches?

0:37:390:37:43

'The one thing of which no description given in England

0:37:490:37:51

'has given any true measure is the universal misery of it all.

0:37:510:37:56

'After the heavy losses of the first battles,

0:37:560:37:59

'our soldiers invented out of pure instinct of self preservation

0:37:590:38:03

'a new kind of warfare -

0:38:030:38:05

'the trench.

0:38:050:38:07

'Entire labyrinths spring up behind the front lines.

0:38:100:38:13

'Digging trenches soon fills up most of our daily lives.

0:38:130:38:18

'The devastating effects of shells and bullets

0:38:180:38:21

'are only survivable underground.

0:38:210:38:23

'But still the Germans are advancing.

0:38:260:38:28

'We are able to hold them back here in the very last corner of Belgium,

0:38:280:38:33

'but I fear that further south in France

0:38:330:38:35

'the situation daily grows more and more ominous.'

0:38:350:38:39

SHOUTING BEHIND DOOR

0:38:400:38:42

'Tuesday, terrible Tuesday! They are here!

0:38:440:38:48

'The barbarians are walking past our windows.

0:38:480:38:50

'I hear a soldier bark out an order.'

0:38:500:38:52

BANG ON DOOR

0:38:520:38:54

Achtung!

0:38:540:38:55

'It sounds something like "aa-rr-n-charr!"

0:38:550:38:58

'The Germans are at Monsieur Benoit's front door.

0:39:000:39:04

'They make sure that no soldiers are hiding there.

0:39:040:39:07

TWO GUNSHOTS

0:39:130:39:16

WOMEN CRY

0:39:160:39:18

'They shot his dog to stop his barking from alerting

0:39:180:39:21

'the French about the German patrols.'

0:39:210:39:23

BANGING ON DOOR

0:39:250:39:28

'I'm sure I will never experience anything

0:39:390:39:42

'so horrible for the rest of my life.'

0:39:420:39:44

'I think I have seen too much pain lately.

0:39:470:39:50

'I now live from five o'clock in an atmosphere of bandages and blood.

0:39:510:39:57

'Blood-stained mattresses and pillows

0:39:580:40:00

'are carried out into the courtyard.

0:40:000:40:02

'There is always a pile of bandages and rags being burnt,

0:40:040:40:08

'and a youth stirs the horrible pile with a stick.

0:40:080:40:11

'A queer smell permeates everything...

0:40:130:40:15

'..and the guns never cease.

0:40:170:40:18

'The guns were so close now that the air began to shake with them

0:40:210:40:25

'and some houses around our hospital were hit by shells and took fire.

0:40:250:40:29

'The roads are lined and filled with people, walking or in carts

0:40:320:40:35

'and carriages, all trying to get away.

0:40:350:40:37

'These poor people are doomed to leave behind everything

0:40:390:40:42

'that only a few weeks ago seemed so permanent.

0:40:420:40:46

'Now their whole world lies scattered in ruins.

0:40:480:40:51

'One hears this is not just in Belgium, but all over Europe.

0:40:520:40:56

'The continent has not faced such horrors

0:40:560:40:58

'for more than 100 years.'

0:40:580:41:00

'We walk all day. There is no water anywhere,

0:41:020:41:05

'only in the hoof-prints of horses.

0:41:050:41:09

'With a spoon, we scoop up tiny mouthfuls of the foul liquid.'

0:41:090:41:13

'This place is worse than a wasteland, with nothing

0:41:140:41:18

'but ashes ahead of us,

0:41:180:41:20

'and in the middle of the ashes, human souls, freezing and hungry.'

0:41:200:41:24

'Emiel went away with one pair of shoes

0:41:240:41:27

'and after that I haven't seen the poor boy again.

0:41:270:41:31

'I often remember him, together with my other brothers and sisters,

0:41:310:41:35

'but Emiel I remember most of all.'

0:41:350:41:37

'We only had time to take what we could fit into a suitcase.

0:41:380:41:41

'I had only one thought in my head - "Where should we go?"

0:41:410:41:45

'Where in heavens name COULD we go?'

0:41:450:41:48

'Those fleeing were running into each other,

0:41:490:41:52

'as though they were escaping a burning theatre.

0:41:520:41:55

'Friendliness, humanity - it was all swept away.

0:41:560:42:00

I don't know what you're bringing, Miss Macnaughtan,

0:42:100:42:12

but it certainly isn't coffee.

0:42:120:42:14

No, Doctor Beavis, this is good Scotch whisky.

0:42:140:42:18

I bought it myself.

0:42:180:42:19

It's for the men.

0:42:210:42:22

I thought that, mixed with water, it might help soothe them,

0:42:220:42:26

strengthen their organism, and most importantly help them sleep.

0:42:260:42:30

What can I say? Can't do any harm. Poor buggers.

0:42:300:42:35

As a Scot, I can assure you that a little whisky always helps.

0:42:350:42:39

Time for some tea?

0:42:480:42:50

Thank you.

0:42:530:42:54

Two pieces of sugar for me!

0:43:020:43:03

Only one each, I'm afraid.

0:43:030:43:05

We're wastin' away 'ere

0:43:050:43:07

and you won't even give us enough sugar for our tea?

0:43:070:43:10

The sugar is rationed, I assure you. It isn't my decision.

0:43:100:43:14

I'm feeling dizzy.

0:43:180:43:19

Please don't make a scene over a piece of sugar!

0:43:190:43:22

SHE BREATHES HEAVILY

0:43:220:43:25

She's falling, catch her!

0:43:250:43:26

'The ether in the cordite affects the girls.

0:43:280:43:32

'It gives some headaches, hysteria and sometimes fits.

0:43:320:43:36

'If a worker has the least tendency to epilepsy,

0:43:360:43:39

'even if she has never shown it before,

0:43:390:43:42

'the ether will bring it out.

0:43:420:43:45

'Some of the girls have 12 fits or more, one after the other.'

0:43:450:43:49

SCREAMING IN THE DISTANCE

0:43:500:43:53

'We dosed the men.

0:43:540:43:56

'It seemed to do them a wonderful lot of good.

0:43:560:43:59

'Also, it pulled them together,

0:44:010:44:04

'and they got some sleep afterwards.

0:44:040:44:06

MEN COUGHING AND MOANING

0:44:060:44:08

'100 beds filled with men in pain give one something to think about,

0:44:300:44:37

'and it's during pain that these attitudes of suffering

0:44:370:44:42

'strike one most.

0:44:420:44:43

'Some of them bury their heads in their pillows, like shot partridges

0:44:430:44:50

'seek to bury theirs in autumn leaves.'

0:44:500:44:53

Still, you should be glad you weren't caught by a bullet.

0:44:580:45:02

Not even a scratch, Sir.

0:45:020:45:04

Bronchitis. Temperature of 103. Measles rash.

0:45:070:45:11

Let that be enough, Montague.

0:45:140:45:16

'I can't dispute the justice of it.

0:45:210:45:23

'For though I felt wholly young till I was burnt,

0:45:280:45:31

'I begin to feel an old crock...

0:45:310:45:33

HE SIGHS IN PAIN

0:45:330:45:35

..out of place among the boys.

0:45:350:45:38

'The Kaiser has ordered that after so many victories,

0:45:490:45:53

'school is to be cancelled.'

0:45:530:45:54

'The news came so late,

0:45:590:46:00

'that we still had to have maths and geography.

0:46:000:46:03

'Worst luck.'

0:46:030:46:04

'Tannenberg, what a victory!

0:46:210:46:24

'Not only in school, throughout the city euphoria prevails.

0:46:240:46:28

'The Russians are defeated.

0:46:300:46:32

'We have taken over 60,000 prisoners.

0:46:320:46:34

'The Russians flee and are forced back into the lakes and swamps

0:46:380:46:43

'where they must surely perish miserably.'

0:46:430:46:46

'We are lucky still to be alive.

0:47:370:47:40

'Everything feels unreal, but we have to get used to it.

0:47:400:47:44

'The town is filled with Germans.

0:47:440:47:46

'Captain Nemnick, a German officer, is living with us.'

0:47:470:47:50

'This morning, he had four chickens cooked.

0:47:570:48:01

'His ordinance officer ate a whole one to himself.

0:48:010:48:04

'In history class, I read, "The Huns came to France

0:48:250:48:29

'and burned everything that stood in their way."

0:48:290:48:32

'How is it possible that after 1,400 years, we have such a barbaric

0:48:320:48:37

'and destructive race once again in Europe?'

0:48:370:48:40

'Peter's birthday.

0:48:460:48:48

'Antwerp has fallen, and the sky is once again blue.'

0:48:480:48:52

'For the first time in our lives, today, on October 10th, we,

0:49:130:49:17

'dedicated Social-Democrats, we are hanging out

0:49:170:49:21

'the Kaiser's black, white and red flag.

0:49:210:49:23

'From the boy's room. For both Peter and Antwerp.

0:49:230:49:27

'Above all, though, for Peter.'

0:49:270:49:29

LOUD EXPLOSION, MEN SCREAMING

0:49:300:49:33

They should have been back hours ago to pick us up.

0:49:330:49:35

It looks like they have forgotten us, my dear.

0:49:360:49:40

But the severe cases are still here...and us.

0:49:400:49:44

'Here we found the wounded all yelling like mad things,

0:49:460:49:49

'thinking they were going to be left behind.'

0:49:490:49:52

We shan't be able to leave now.

0:49:540:49:56

Let us take all the wounded down to the coal cellar.

0:49:560:49:59

Lads, surely we're not going to run away

0:50:020:50:04

from these ghastly German shells, now, are we?

0:50:040:50:08

'This assurance that we did not mean to desert them

0:50:080:50:10

'seemed to bring a curious sense of safety to the men,

0:50:100:50:14

'as if a handful of women could protect them from bursting shells!'

0:50:140:50:18

'I've been assigned the night shift,

0:50:220:50:24

'which means 24 hours without a bed...and without sleeping.

0:50:240:50:30

'What rotten luck!'

0:50:300:50:31

I thought I could manage, do my bit,

0:50:370:50:41

but I just don't have what it takes for this kind of work.

0:50:410:50:45

The country might in fact do rather better without the likes of me.

0:50:450:50:50

-My dear Miss West...

-EXPLOSION

0:50:500:50:52

-We're under attack!

-Now, now, calm down!

0:50:520:50:55

Calm down, ladies.

0:50:550:50:57

Hurry to the shelter!

0:50:570:50:58

Go on. Calmly. That's it.

0:50:580:51:01

Hurry, please. And keep calm!

0:51:030:51:06

ALARM BLARES

0:51:060:51:08

'The Zeppelin.

0:51:130:51:14

'Before the war, admired as a marvel of German technology.

0:51:140:51:18

'Now, turned into an indiscriminate killing machine.

0:51:190:51:22

'Night after night, their airships cross the Channel, dropping bombs

0:51:220:51:27

'on London, our port cities in the south, and even over Scotland.

0:51:270:51:32

'The damage they cause is usually not great, more it is the feeling

0:51:320:51:38

'that England is no longer an island, safe from enemy attack.'

0:51:380:51:43

EXPLOSIONS

0:51:430:51:46

Where is Mary Morgan?

0:51:570:51:59

Where is Mary Morgan?

0:52:070:52:09

Mary?

0:52:150:52:16

ALARM BLARES

0:52:180:52:20

'This airplane was high up, like a small sausage in the sky.

0:52:250:52:30

'Three search lights were playing on it

0:52:300:52:33

'and then all the guns began.'

0:52:330:52:34

Mary?

0:52:360:52:38

Mary!

0:52:450:52:47

It's OK, I'm here.

0:52:510:52:53

EXPLOSIONS, GUNFIRE

0:52:550:52:59

MEN MOANING

0:53:070:53:11

'Not a man remained with us.

0:53:110:53:13

'Our staff consisted solely of women.

0:53:140:53:17

'I did not fancy this small coal cellar gave any protection whatever,

0:53:200:53:26

'and there was always the chance that the building above

0:53:260:53:28

'might collapse and fall on top of us.

0:53:280:53:30

'But that was one of the chances which had to be accepted.

0:53:300:53:34

'And the fact of being in any sort of a cellar had a certain

0:53:340:53:36

'pretention of safety about it, which satisfied the men.'

0:53:360:53:39

Two sugars for you, was it?

0:54:020:54:04

Thank you.

0:54:140:54:16

LOUD EXPLOSION

0:54:210:54:23

'We sat in the cellar with one night-light burning,

0:54:230:54:26

'and with 70 wounded men to take care of,

0:54:260:54:29

'two of them were dying.

0:54:290:54:32

'There was only one line of bricks between us and the shells.

0:54:320:54:36

'Now they came over at a rate of four a minute.

0:54:360:54:38

'Still we all smiled and made little jokes.'

0:54:380:54:41

Well, now, who can still give me a patent patriotic smile?

0:54:410:54:47

Well, what with all the men I had on top of me today...

0:54:490:54:53

SHE LAUGHS

0:54:530:54:55

'I found myself wishing that for me a shot would come

0:54:550:54:59

'and finish the horrible thing.

0:54:590:55:01

LOUD EXPLOSIONS CONTINUE

0:55:010:55:04

'We sat there all night.

0:55:060:55:08

'We ourselves got away only by chance the next morning.

0:55:120:55:16

'This very day the Germans captured the city of Antwerp.

0:55:180:55:21

'But elsewhere they were being defeated.

0:55:230:55:26

'Paris held on and the Germans had to withdraw.

0:55:260:55:29

'But as summer turned to winter,

0:55:300:55:32

'our own counterattacks got bogged down in the mud and rain.

0:55:320:55:36

'Everywhere lay destruction and death,

0:55:400:55:44

'nowhere was there to be found a decisive victory.

0:55:440:55:48

'After a mere three months of this terrible war,

0:55:530:55:56

'a million men have fallen.'

0:55:560:55:59

'It is my sad duty to inform you that your son,

0:56:010:56:05

'in the accomplishment of his duties towards King and country...'

0:56:050:56:09

-IN FRENCH ACCENT:

-'..has given his greatest sacrifice to the republic,

0:56:090:56:12

'for the glory and honour of France...'

0:56:120:56:15

IN GERMAN ACCENT: '..may you and your family accept the eternal

0:56:150:56:18

'gratitude of the Great Habsburg dynasty and of all its members.

0:56:180:56:21

'Rest assured that this death...'

0:56:210:56:23

-IN RUSSIAN ACCENT:

-'..was neither in vain, nor will it ever be forgotten.

0:56:230:56:26

'It was during our most recent attack

0:56:260:56:28

'that your son bravely rushed into the fray, and was killed...'

0:56:280:56:32

-IN BELGIAN ACCENT:

-'..we, the officers, share your grief

0:56:320:56:35

'at the death of this wonderful comrade and kind-hearted man.

0:56:350:56:38

'We buried him where he fell.'

0:56:380:56:41

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