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I've been travelling the world for the past 25 years. | 0:00:03 | 0:00:06 | |
I've met so many people in so many countries | 0:00:08 | 0:00:10 | |
that everyone thinks of me as the man who's been everywhere. | 0:00:10 | 0:00:14 | |
But in all these years, there's been one big gap in my passport. | 0:00:15 | 0:00:19 | |
Nothing less than the fifth largest country on Earth. | 0:00:20 | 0:00:24 | |
A country blessed with a melting pot of peoples | 0:00:26 | 0:00:29 | |
and an abundance of resources. | 0:00:29 | 0:00:31 | |
A country that's risen almost out of nowhere | 0:00:33 | 0:00:35 | |
to become a 21st-century superpower. | 0:00:35 | 0:00:38 | |
It's the host of the next World Cup | 0:00:39 | 0:00:42 | |
and the next Olympic Games. | 0:00:42 | 0:00:44 | |
It's a country whose time has come. | 0:00:44 | 0:00:46 | |
How can I say I've seen the world when I haven't seen Brazil? | 0:00:48 | 0:00:52 | |
OK, waterfall, we defy you! | 0:00:53 | 0:00:56 | |
We defy you! | 0:00:56 | 0:00:58 | |
In this episode, I'll be meeting a lot of people I feel I've met before, | 0:01:09 | 0:01:13 | |
in an epic landscape, both natural and man-made. | 0:01:13 | 0:01:16 | |
For this is southern Brazil, | 0:01:16 | 0:01:19 | |
where European and Asian immigrants | 0:01:19 | 0:01:21 | |
have created a very different culture from the rest of the country. | 0:01:21 | 0:01:25 | |
And it can still spring plenty of surprises. | 0:01:25 | 0:01:27 | |
I don't know what I'm doing to the ecological balance here, but there you go! | 0:01:27 | 0:01:31 | |
CHUCKLES | 0:01:31 | 0:01:33 | |
Well, I'm on the last leg of my Brazilian journey. | 0:01:48 | 0:01:52 | |
We're sailing down the coast from Rio. | 0:01:52 | 0:01:54 | |
Behind me is Brazil's other rainforest, | 0:01:54 | 0:01:57 | |
the Mata Atlantica, the Atlantic rainforest. | 0:01:57 | 0:02:00 | |
We're approaching a town which was once one of the most prosperous in the whole of Brazil. | 0:02:00 | 0:02:04 | |
It's called Parati, where the gold came out and slaves went in. | 0:02:04 | 0:02:09 | |
300 years ago, Parati lay at the end of the Camino d'Oro, | 0:02:12 | 0:02:16 | |
the Gold Trail, which led through the mountains | 0:02:16 | 0:02:19 | |
to the goldmines of the interior. | 0:02:19 | 0:02:21 | |
It was a road built by slaves for other slaves | 0:02:23 | 0:02:26 | |
to carry the gold, which, for 100 years | 0:02:26 | 0:02:28 | |
made this little town fabulously wealthy. | 0:02:28 | 0:02:31 | |
But pirates made a habit of robbing the galleons that set sail from Parati. | 0:02:34 | 0:02:39 | |
The gold trade moved north, and the town fell into a steady decline | 0:02:39 | 0:02:43 | |
which left it largely untouched by the modern world. | 0:02:43 | 0:02:47 | |
A living embodiment of the colonial period can be found here | 0:02:47 | 0:02:51 | |
in the shape of Prince John De Orleans e Briganza, | 0:02:51 | 0:02:54 | |
a staunch republican who's heir to the Brazilian throne. | 0:02:54 | 0:02:58 | |
I think people would be quite interested to know | 0:02:58 | 0:03:01 | |
that there was, there is still a royal line in Brazil, | 0:03:01 | 0:03:05 | |
which you represent. | 0:03:05 | 0:03:07 | |
It's a very interesting story, yes. | 0:03:07 | 0:03:09 | |
Peter the First, my great-great grandfather, | 0:03:09 | 0:03:12 | |
he was married to Leopoldina Habsburg from Austria. | 0:03:12 | 0:03:17 | |
-Napoleon was married with her sister, Marie-Louise. -OK. | 0:03:17 | 0:03:20 | |
-Napoleon was the brother-in-law. -Yes. | 0:03:20 | 0:03:23 | |
'Brother-in-law or not, the Portuguese court fled Napoleon's invading troops | 0:03:23 | 0:03:27 | |
'for the safety of Brazil. | 0:03:27 | 0:03:30 | |
'Their arrival, in Don John's opinion, | 0:03:30 | 0:03:32 | |
'laid the foundations of today's nation state.' | 0:03:32 | 0:03:35 | |
A very interesting thing. Brazil, before their arrival, was a colony. | 0:03:35 | 0:03:40 | |
After their arrival in 1808, Brazil turned into a nation. | 0:03:40 | 0:03:45 | |
From one moment to the other, the founding of many institutions, | 0:03:45 | 0:03:49 | |
cultural, scientific, and political institutions. | 0:03:49 | 0:03:53 | |
-Is she one of the princesses? -Yes. | 0:03:53 | 0:03:55 | |
-Princess Isabel. -Beautiful. -She signed the law giving total freedom to slaves in 1888. | 0:03:55 | 0:04:02 | |
-She's your great... -Great-grandmother. Yes. Grandmother of my father. | 0:04:02 | 0:04:06 | |
The gold that lay on the other side of the mountains may have run out, | 0:04:10 | 0:04:13 | |
but it's been replaced by something else the rest of the world buys from Brazil. | 0:04:13 | 0:04:18 | |
A half-hour flight from Parati, | 0:04:20 | 0:04:21 | |
brings me to one of Brazil's great success stories. | 0:04:21 | 0:04:24 | |
Well, it was until I took the controls! | 0:04:27 | 0:04:29 | |
I'm in the simulator at Embraer, a Brazilian aircraft builder | 0:04:33 | 0:04:37 | |
which turns out 200 planes a year. | 0:04:37 | 0:04:40 | |
From being almost bankrupt 15 years ago, | 0:04:49 | 0:04:52 | |
it's now the third largest manufacturer of commercial planes | 0:04:52 | 0:04:56 | |
in the world. | 0:04:56 | 0:04:57 | |
Some people still think of Brazil | 0:04:57 | 0:04:59 | |
as being too laid-back and relaxed | 0:04:59 | 0:05:02 | |
for the competitive world of modern industry. | 0:05:02 | 0:05:04 | |
Embraer, with its smart management, technical expertise | 0:05:04 | 0:05:08 | |
and skilled 17,000-strong workforce is the perfect riposte. | 0:05:08 | 0:05:12 | |
This is a company snapping at the heels of Boeing and Airbus. | 0:05:12 | 0:05:16 | |
And they've found a job for me in the paint shop | 0:05:22 | 0:05:24 | |
with Felipe Galvan. | 0:05:24 | 0:05:26 | |
For me, this colour blue is difficult to paint. | 0:05:26 | 0:05:28 | |
-Is it? Why? -Because the blue is very dark. Like a mirror. -Yeah. | 0:05:28 | 0:05:34 | |
When I paint it's difficult to pass, the speed. | 0:05:34 | 0:05:37 | |
-I need to very, very specifically... -You have to be very careful | 0:05:37 | 0:05:42 | |
otherwise, yeah. | 0:05:42 | 0:05:43 | |
-It's enough? -These are my fashionable shoes! | 0:05:43 | 0:05:47 | |
These are Paul Smith of London. | 0:05:47 | 0:05:49 | |
Paul, if you're watching, look what they're doing! | 0:05:50 | 0:05:53 | |
-Redesigning your shoes! -The shoes Nike. | 0:05:53 | 0:05:56 | |
-Nike. -Nike?! -Made in Brazil! Made in Brazil! -No, no, no. | 0:05:56 | 0:06:01 | |
-Now we're ready to paint. -What colour? | 0:06:01 | 0:06:03 | |
-The colour is dark blue. -Oh, no. It's a difficult one. You told me. -Yes. | 0:06:03 | 0:06:07 | |
That's a lovely colour. It's sort of azure blue. | 0:06:07 | 0:06:10 | |
Very, very blue. | 0:06:10 | 0:06:13 | |
-OK? -Wow. Yeah. -Ready to paint. | 0:06:13 | 0:06:15 | |
-Paint your shoes, no? -Yeah, good. | 0:06:15 | 0:06:17 | |
Get off! | 0:06:17 | 0:06:19 | |
-Right, so this goes on. -Put your mask. | 0:06:20 | 0:06:22 | |
Wow! | 0:06:24 | 0:06:25 | |
Space man time! | 0:06:25 | 0:06:27 | |
Your hair, it's blue! | 0:06:27 | 0:06:28 | |
'Felipe, having finally got over his obsession with my shoes, | 0:06:28 | 0:06:31 | |
'turns his attentions to a bigger game. | 0:06:31 | 0:06:34 | |
'The tail fin of a Kazakhstan airliner.' | 0:06:34 | 0:06:37 | |
Two fingers here? All right. | 0:06:46 | 0:06:48 | |
Press! Press! Press! | 0:06:48 | 0:06:51 | |
-Yes? Let's go again. -Right. | 0:06:57 | 0:06:59 | |
OK. That's it. | 0:07:03 | 0:07:05 | |
Now we need to wait ten minutes | 0:07:05 | 0:07:08 | |
until the surface has got cold. | 0:07:08 | 0:07:11 | |
You must be hungry. What time did you have breakfast? | 0:07:11 | 0:07:13 | |
-4.00am. -4.00am? -4.00am. | 0:07:13 | 0:07:16 | |
-4.30am. -Yeah. -And lunch now. And another breakfast 2.00pm. -Ah. | 0:07:16 | 0:07:21 | |
So you have three meals a day by 2.00pm? | 0:07:21 | 0:07:23 | |
-What food do you like? What's your favourite? -Meat. | 0:07:23 | 0:07:27 | |
-Barbecure. -"Barbecure"? Barbecue! Oh, yeah. | 0:07:27 | 0:07:30 | |
-Brazilians love barbecue. -Yeah. -Yeah. | 0:07:30 | 0:07:32 | |
Now pasta! | 0:07:32 | 0:07:34 | |
Always pasta. | 0:07:34 | 0:07:36 | |
Do you have a surprise? | 0:07:37 | 0:07:39 | |
Surprise pea. | 0:07:39 | 0:07:41 | |
-What? -Surprise pea. -Surprise pea? | 0:07:41 | 0:07:44 | |
There. It's good. | 0:07:44 | 0:07:46 | |
'Felipe was so keen to get a job at Embraer | 0:07:46 | 0:07:49 | |
'that he left his own engagement party to make the interview. | 0:07:49 | 0:07:53 | |
'He's never looked back.' | 0:07:53 | 0:07:55 | |
The first time I entered the building, the paint shop, | 0:07:55 | 0:07:58 | |
I saw many guys painter there. | 0:07:58 | 0:08:01 | |
And I stood just looking. It was amazing painting. "Whoosh!" | 0:08:01 | 0:08:05 | |
-Yeah. -And I told myself, "I want to be one of them." | 0:08:06 | 0:08:09 | |
And I have friends, other friends there, | 0:08:09 | 0:08:13 | |
and they helped me to get the job here. | 0:08:13 | 0:08:15 | |
-Does it pay well? -Yeah. Pays very well. | 0:08:15 | 0:08:18 | |
What sort of... | 0:08:18 | 0:08:20 | |
-Today, I earn more or less 3,500 reals a month. -3,500 reals a month. | 0:08:20 | 0:08:26 | |
-That's about £1,500. I'm just trying to think, a month. Not bad. -Not bad. | 0:08:26 | 0:08:31 | |
-So how did it change your life? -Everything. | 0:08:31 | 0:08:34 | |
-Like what? -Because this job I bought my apartment, my house. Everything that I have today. | 0:08:34 | 0:08:39 | |
And I have a good car, a good life. I have a good life. | 0:08:39 | 0:08:45 | |
-Yeah. -I buy everything. I have Xbox. | 0:08:45 | 0:08:47 | |
-I buy my Xbox. Everything. -Yeah. | 0:08:47 | 0:08:50 | |
What would you like to do? Would you like to go up from painting | 0:08:50 | 0:08:54 | |
to some other thing? To administration? | 0:08:54 | 0:08:57 | |
No, I don't think about this. I like to be a painter. | 0:08:57 | 0:09:00 | |
-That's enough for me. -You're happy doing what you're doing. -Yeah. | 0:09:00 | 0:09:03 | |
I stop with what I have now. | 0:09:03 | 0:09:05 | |
'He's an enviable combination of hard work and happiness. | 0:09:05 | 0:09:09 | |
'Embraer's speciality is short-haul commercial jets. | 0:09:12 | 0:09:15 | |
'One of their regular customers is Dutch carrier KLM. | 0:09:15 | 0:09:19 | |
They've taken 21 Cityhoppers | 0:09:19 | 0:09:22 | |
and are today taking delivery of their 22nd. | 0:09:22 | 0:09:25 | |
It's an important moment marked by a very silly ceremony... | 0:09:27 | 0:09:30 | |
..involving the Brazilian seller, the Dutch buyer and me! | 0:09:31 | 0:09:34 | |
-You wear the clogs? -OK, yes. | 0:09:36 | 0:09:38 | |
Good for flying! | 0:09:38 | 0:09:40 | |
OK. There we go. | 0:09:40 | 0:09:42 | |
I hope they fit. They look a little big for me. Oh, they're very snug! | 0:09:43 | 0:09:48 | |
Is it just one? | 0:09:48 | 0:09:50 | |
There we go. | 0:09:52 | 0:09:53 | |
Thank you very much. That's very kind of you. | 0:09:53 | 0:09:55 | |
What is next is we have Dutch fish. What you call eels. | 0:09:55 | 0:09:59 | |
It's smoked eel. When it's smoked, we call it "paling". | 0:09:59 | 0:10:03 | |
-Paling. Oh, I never knew that. -Very similar to your name. | 0:10:03 | 0:10:07 | |
People ask where my name comes from. | 0:10:07 | 0:10:10 | |
I've never heard it coming from smoked eel! | 0:10:10 | 0:10:14 | |
So that's something useful. | 0:10:14 | 0:10:15 | |
-I like eel. -You should try it. -OK. | 0:10:15 | 0:10:18 | |
-Just try it. -Thank you very much. | 0:10:23 | 0:10:25 | |
I'll be the first to try it. A bit of "paling". | 0:10:25 | 0:10:28 | |
It's really good. | 0:10:28 | 0:10:31 | |
It might seem a bit whacky, but this is a very important part of the whole delivery process. | 0:10:41 | 0:10:47 | |
Because they're here, the KLM people, to do final checks | 0:10:47 | 0:10:51 | |
and then in a week's time, they'll have to write the big cheque | 0:10:51 | 0:10:54 | |
to pay for the plane. | 0:10:54 | 0:10:56 | |
So that's why everyone's very happy and jolly, | 0:10:56 | 0:10:59 | |
but underneath it all, there's a lot of money hanging on this cloggy, palingy moment! | 0:10:59 | 0:11:04 | |
-Can I have one more? -Of course! | 0:11:08 | 0:11:09 | |
I like this paling. | 0:11:09 | 0:11:11 | |
For some reason. I don't like all paling. | 0:11:11 | 0:11:14 | |
'Taisse is the woman from Embraer who's been cashing in those big KLM cheques | 0:11:19 | 0:11:24 | |
'for the past few years.' | 0:11:24 | 0:11:25 | |
You've obviously got a good relationship with KLM. | 0:11:25 | 0:11:28 | |
Does anybody else provide smoked eels and... | 0:11:28 | 0:11:32 | |
No, no. Not really. | 0:11:32 | 0:11:34 | |
But I must confess, in the beginning, we were expecting something more serious, | 0:11:34 | 0:11:40 | |
more cool. | 0:11:40 | 0:11:41 | |
Then, when they come, they come with smiling faces and very open-minded talking to us, | 0:11:41 | 0:11:48 | |
doing this kind of exchange culture thing. | 0:11:48 | 0:11:50 | |
So it surprised us a lot. | 0:11:50 | 0:11:53 | |
GREETING | 0:11:53 | 0:11:55 | |
How do you feel when it all goes through? | 0:11:57 | 0:11:59 | |
Do you feel proud of what's being done here? | 0:11:59 | 0:12:01 | |
Totally, yes. Totally. | 0:12:01 | 0:12:02 | |
To see the airplane going back home with the customer very satisfied, | 0:12:02 | 0:12:10 | |
it's part of us. We are proud of it, | 0:12:10 | 0:12:12 | |
we are proud of our product and we represent Brazil. | 0:12:12 | 0:12:15 | |
This is for us. It's crazy. | 0:12:15 | 0:12:18 | |
Crazy it may be, but as another 40-million-worth of airliner takes to the sky, | 0:12:25 | 0:12:30 | |
one Brazilian company is getting it exactly right. | 0:12:30 | 0:12:33 | |
A few minutes' flying time from Embraer, | 0:12:36 | 0:12:39 | |
the vast megalopolis of Sao Paulo, largest city in the southern hemisphere, | 0:12:39 | 0:12:43 | |
rises like a man-made forest. | 0:12:43 | 0:12:46 | |
40 million people, one in five Brazilians, | 0:12:46 | 0:12:50 | |
live in Sao Paulo and its surrounding state. | 0:12:50 | 0:12:53 | |
This is the economic and financial heart of Brazil, | 0:12:53 | 0:12:57 | |
and it's already full to overflowing. | 0:12:57 | 0:13:00 | |
The very rich Paulistas have grown so impatient with the crush and the congestion | 0:13:06 | 0:13:11 | |
that they no longer live on the ground | 0:13:11 | 0:13:13 | |
but in the skies above. | 0:13:13 | 0:13:14 | |
Sao Paulo is the helicopter capital of the world. | 0:13:17 | 0:13:21 | |
It's not surprising that it's also the traffic jam capital of the world. | 0:13:21 | 0:13:27 | |
One of them recently reckoned to be nearly 200 miles long! | 0:13:27 | 0:13:31 | |
So here in the city, there are 400 helicopters making 300 journeys a day. | 0:13:31 | 0:13:36 | |
The rich and successful go from building to building | 0:13:36 | 0:13:39 | |
to make meetings without ever having to touch the ground. | 0:13:39 | 0:13:43 | |
I'm going with one of those people today. In the helicopter with Wilson Quintella, | 0:13:43 | 0:13:47 | |
king of Brazilian garbage! | 0:13:47 | 0:13:50 | |
Wilson Quintella can look down on Sao Paulo with some satisfaction. | 0:13:59 | 0:14:03 | |
Last year, his waste management company, Estre Ambiantal, | 0:14:03 | 0:14:08 | |
made a £400 million turnover | 0:14:08 | 0:14:10 | |
from everything that Sao Paulo throws away. | 0:14:10 | 0:14:13 | |
Wilson, like many multi-millionaires, | 0:14:15 | 0:14:18 | |
travels his empire by air. | 0:14:18 | 0:14:20 | |
Today, he's flying me to one of his biggest landfill sites, | 0:14:20 | 0:14:23 | |
just outside Sao Paulo. | 0:14:23 | 0:14:25 | |
"Waste is just the beginning" is the company slogan. | 0:14:25 | 0:14:29 | |
As far as Wilson's concerned, | 0:14:29 | 0:14:31 | |
every rubbish tip has a silver lining. | 0:14:31 | 0:14:33 | |
-So you're in the right business. Garbage is big business. -Yes. | 0:14:36 | 0:14:41 | |
It's growing a lot. | 0:14:41 | 0:14:42 | |
We... Brazil brought about 40 million people who was in poverty. | 0:14:42 | 0:14:47 | |
40 million people who were poor are now consumers? | 0:14:47 | 0:14:50 | |
It's making 40,000 tonnes per day. | 0:14:50 | 0:14:53 | |
That's the waste of a city like Sao Paolo. | 0:14:53 | 0:14:56 | |
Wilson, this is not just about collecting people's garbage. | 0:14:56 | 0:14:59 | |
-This is business, isn't it? -Oh, yeah. -It's big money. | 0:14:59 | 0:15:02 | |
-Yeah. Well, big money, I don't mean... -I don't know. | 0:15:02 | 0:15:05 | |
-Not big money. -Your profits last year were good. -It is good, yeah. | 0:15:05 | 0:15:09 | |
And it's growing all over the world. | 0:15:09 | 0:15:12 | |
But I believe the most interesting thing is that we can do an environment business | 0:15:12 | 0:15:17 | |
joined with an economical business. | 0:15:17 | 0:15:20 | |
We can get money from the recycle. | 0:15:20 | 0:15:22 | |
I believe that is what will change completely this market for now on work. | 0:15:22 | 0:15:26 | |
Maybe one day we are going to pay to the garbage. | 0:15:26 | 0:15:30 | |
For instance, like cans, like paper, all these have a market. | 0:15:30 | 0:15:35 | |
Nowadays, China imports more plastic coming from the recycling business | 0:15:35 | 0:15:41 | |
than the total consumption of Brazil, in terms of plastic. | 0:15:41 | 0:15:46 | |
Recycling used to be confined to poor people scavenging rubbish tips. | 0:15:46 | 0:15:50 | |
Wilson acknowledges their contribution | 0:15:50 | 0:15:53 | |
by offering them a safe and secure role in his business. | 0:15:53 | 0:15:56 | |
In Brazil, this market is booming | 0:15:56 | 0:15:58 | |
because we are having economic growth | 0:15:58 | 0:16:01 | |
and besides that we have a new law | 0:16:01 | 0:16:03 | |
that obliges to finish with dumping | 0:16:03 | 0:16:07 | |
and obliges at least to recycle 20% of the total waste. | 0:16:07 | 0:16:10 | |
It's going to be a revolution in Brazil, | 0:16:10 | 0:16:12 | |
as we have a huge opportunity for companies like ours. | 0:16:12 | 0:16:16 | |
Not to make money, but to do something good for society. | 0:16:16 | 0:16:19 | |
-And make a profit. -And make some money. -Come on. | 0:16:19 | 0:16:22 | |
The scavengers who eke a living from rubbish dumps | 0:16:28 | 0:16:30 | |
have recently received the ultimate accolade. | 0:16:30 | 0:16:33 | |
To become characters in one of Brazil's hugely popular soap operas. | 0:16:33 | 0:16:37 | |
Avenida Brasil. | 0:16:37 | 0:16:39 | |
THEY SPEAK PORTUGUESE | 0:16:39 | 0:16:41 | |
One of the stars of Avenida Brazil is Carolina Ferraz, | 0:16:57 | 0:17:00 | |
a much-admired actress with over 20 soaps under her belt. | 0:17:00 | 0:17:04 | |
She's the perfect person to show me round the make-believe world | 0:17:04 | 0:17:08 | |
where the stories are filmed | 0:17:08 | 0:17:09 | |
and to explain just how they do it. | 0:17:09 | 0:17:11 | |
And here, if you look, you have all the outside cities. | 0:17:12 | 0:17:17 | |
They built the scenario outside. | 0:17:17 | 0:17:19 | |
Each soap opera has its own. | 0:17:19 | 0:17:21 | |
So we go there and shoot. | 0:17:21 | 0:17:24 | |
Shall we get out and have a look? | 0:17:24 | 0:17:25 | |
DIRECTS IN PORTUGUESE | 0:17:27 | 0:17:30 | |
So what's actually happening now in this part of the story? | 0:17:38 | 0:17:42 | |
They are shooting the soap opera, telenovela, called Avenida Brasil. | 0:17:42 | 0:17:45 | |
Which is the one I'm shooting now as well. | 0:17:45 | 0:17:48 | |
And this is the neighbourhood, the outside set. | 0:17:48 | 0:17:51 | |
We have the poor neighbourhood. Everything that happens, happens here. | 0:17:51 | 0:17:54 | |
-This is the poor neighbourhood? -They don't know we're shooting. | 0:17:54 | 0:17:57 | |
-Everything is happening. -Everyone's acting. We're acting, they're acting. | 0:17:57 | 0:18:02 | |
It's very realistic, actually. | 0:18:03 | 0:18:06 | |
A lot of extras, | 0:18:06 | 0:18:08 | |
a lot of camera shooting at different angles. | 0:18:08 | 0:18:11 | |
If you think about it, we shoot something like 30 scenes per day. | 0:18:11 | 0:18:14 | |
-30 scenes a day. -So it's like shooting a whole movie a week. | 0:18:14 | 0:18:18 | |
What sort of character do you play? | 0:18:18 | 0:18:20 | |
I play part of the comic part of the soap opera. | 0:18:20 | 0:18:25 | |
I play a very rich woman who is going to lose everything. | 0:18:25 | 0:18:28 | |
I'm going to become poor and I'm going to come and live here. | 0:18:28 | 0:18:30 | |
-Doesn't sound very comic! -It's in the comic way. It's not tragic. | 0:18:30 | 0:18:35 | |
-No. -I'm going to come here | 0:18:35 | 0:18:37 | |
and I'm going to make lots of confusion with all the characters. | 0:18:37 | 0:18:41 | |
It's going to be fun! | 0:18:41 | 0:18:42 | |
IN PORTUGUESE | 0:18:42 | 0:18:45 | |
There's something about soap operas. | 0:18:52 | 0:18:54 | |
I see them on television sets all over Brazil. Tell me how popular they are. | 0:18:54 | 0:18:59 | |
It's like our Hollywood. People love it. | 0:18:59 | 0:19:01 | |
People truly don't go out of their houses because they want to stay and watch the soap operas. | 0:19:01 | 0:19:07 | |
And because we don't have a soap opera that goes on for ten years, | 0:19:07 | 0:19:11 | |
our soap operas they go on for something like six to eight months, maximum eight months. | 0:19:11 | 0:19:18 | |
So everybody knows that it's going to end. | 0:19:18 | 0:19:20 | |
So everybody wants to follow it to know what is going to happen and how it's going to finish. | 0:19:20 | 0:19:25 | |
Who is going to marry who in the end. | 0:19:25 | 0:19:27 | |
-This is... -You say everybody. What size of audience does that mean? | 0:19:27 | 0:19:31 | |
It's huge. It's something like 72 million people watching you every night. | 0:19:31 | 0:19:37 | |
It's amazing. It's crazy, isn't it? | 0:19:37 | 0:19:39 | |
Is it like people working out their own dreams through you? | 0:19:39 | 0:19:43 | |
Or is it more real life? | 0:19:43 | 0:19:46 | |
They sort of have a social obligation. | 0:19:46 | 0:19:50 | |
They always bring different issues, topic issues, that people as a society should discuss. | 0:19:50 | 0:19:57 | |
Because it's so popular. | 0:19:57 | 0:19:59 | |
And we are in such a poor country. | 0:19:59 | 0:20:02 | |
So we use this, because it's very popular, | 0:20:02 | 0:20:04 | |
to debate different issues. | 0:20:04 | 0:20:06 | |
Setting a part of Avenida Brasil in the rubbish dump | 0:20:11 | 0:20:14 | |
has given a voice to a previously marginalised under-class. | 0:20:14 | 0:20:18 | |
This is what is new in Brazil. | 0:20:23 | 0:20:25 | |
They're starting to have these kind of characters coming out | 0:20:25 | 0:20:29 | |
and they're speaking to society. | 0:20:29 | 0:20:31 | |
-This is what is fresh now. It's so... -Previously, no-one would have bothered about them or listened. | 0:20:31 | 0:20:37 | |
They wouldn't have space to come out. | 0:20:37 | 0:20:39 | |
That's not about people paying attention to them, | 0:20:39 | 0:20:42 | |
they didn't just have the chance to come out. | 0:20:42 | 0:20:45 | |
And you think this is because Brazil itself is more confident and prosperous | 0:20:45 | 0:20:49 | |
so they don't feel threatened by people at the bottom of the pile? | 0:20:49 | 0:20:53 | |
Now people have more real chances. | 0:20:53 | 0:20:56 | |
Increasingly, the voices that are being heard in Brazil | 0:20:58 | 0:21:02 | |
are the voices from the shanty town, | 0:21:02 | 0:21:04 | |
none louder than that of Criolo. | 0:21:04 | 0:21:07 | |
Criolo is a rapper, poet and composer. | 0:21:11 | 0:21:14 | |
His poems are eloquent but enigmatic, | 0:21:14 | 0:21:17 | |
delivering a message that has struck a chord | 0:21:17 | 0:21:19 | |
with a generation who have grown up at the bottom of the pile. | 0:21:19 | 0:21:22 | |
Carolina is an admirer, and has taken me to meet him. | 0:21:22 | 0:21:26 | |
When you were growing up and what you saw around, | 0:21:26 | 0:21:29 | |
did it make you angry in any way, the way people were treated? | 0:21:29 | 0:21:34 | |
The way people lived? Did it make you angry with the system? | 0:21:34 | 0:21:37 | |
-TRANSLATOR: -'We can't feel how hot the pot of soup is | 0:21:40 | 0:21:43 | |
'if we are the vegetables inside the soup. | 0:21:43 | 0:21:45 | |
'Our system here has been broken for 80 years | 0:21:45 | 0:21:50 | |
'and we are the ones paying for the super-glue to keep the thing together.' | 0:21:50 | 0:21:53 | |
The economy is going well at the moment. It seems to be going well for Brazil. | 0:21:53 | 0:21:59 | |
Do they notice any change as a result of that? | 0:21:59 | 0:22:02 | |
'The detail seems to be in the word he used before - "seems" to be going well.' | 0:22:08 | 0:22:13 | |
Yeah. | 0:22:13 | 0:22:15 | |
'Anyway, we have to think that this situation | 0:22:17 | 0:22:21 | |
'has to last for at least 50 years, | 0:22:21 | 0:22:23 | |
'otherwise I don't know. | 0:22:23 | 0:22:26 | |
'To think that five or ten years would change a single leaf under this tree.' | 0:22:26 | 0:22:30 | |
His bleak views might be uncomfortable for many Brazilians. | 0:22:32 | 0:22:36 | |
But the man himself doesn't behave like a prophet of doom. | 0:22:36 | 0:22:40 | |
Criolo remains engagingly loyal to the streets where he grew up. | 0:22:44 | 0:22:48 | |
Streets where poverty is endemic, | 0:22:48 | 0:22:51 | |
but where the compensations, like the music that nurtured him, | 0:22:51 | 0:22:54 | |
still raise the spirits. | 0:22:54 | 0:22:56 | |
On the other side of Sao Paulo | 0:23:22 | 0:23:24 | |
are the affluent streets which cater for the burgeoning new middle class. | 0:23:24 | 0:23:28 | |
Someone who did more than most to set this tide in motion | 0:23:30 | 0:23:32 | |
is the man credited with turning the Brazilian economy round | 0:23:32 | 0:23:36 | |
in the 1990s. | 0:23:36 | 0:23:38 | |
He's former president Fernando Henrique Cardoso, | 0:23:38 | 0:23:41 | |
known to all as FHC. | 0:23:41 | 0:23:43 | |
I talked to him about his home city. | 0:23:43 | 0:23:46 | |
-Being in Sao Paulo, I'm aware of the importance of immigration to this city. -Yes. | 0:23:46 | 0:23:52 | |
I suppose people saw Brazil then as like America? | 0:23:52 | 0:23:57 | |
It was a dream for them. | 0:23:57 | 0:23:59 | |
This is a kind of America. In our minds, we are European. | 0:23:59 | 0:24:03 | |
We consider ourselves as kind of a part of Europe. | 0:24:03 | 0:24:08 | |
This is senseless, because we are not! | 0:24:08 | 0:24:09 | |
But then the feeling was much more European. | 0:24:09 | 0:24:13 | |
And I used to say in our culture, we are much more Americans than Europeans. | 0:24:13 | 0:24:19 | |
This is a new nation. Migration. | 0:24:19 | 0:24:21 | |
Blacks in Brazil like in America. | 0:24:21 | 0:24:24 | |
The true melting pot is not US, it's Brazil. | 0:24:24 | 0:24:27 | |
-Yes. Yes. -Because in the US, they live together. | 0:24:27 | 0:24:33 | |
-But they don't integrate each other. -No. | 0:24:33 | 0:24:35 | |
In Brazil, it's much easier to be part of the similar confusion of things. | 0:24:35 | 0:24:41 | |
-Yes. -It's how you live with the other is more relaxing here. No doubts. | 0:24:41 | 0:24:47 | |
What FHC calls "living with the other" | 0:24:50 | 0:24:53 | |
is something that characterises the cosmopolitan streets of Sao Paulo. | 0:24:53 | 0:24:57 | |
One of the largest of the many groups of immigrants | 0:24:59 | 0:25:02 | |
to have found their fortune here are the Japanese. | 0:25:02 | 0:25:04 | |
Here we are, the Sao Paulo Shimbun. | 0:25:12 | 0:25:15 | |
Something for every community. | 0:25:15 | 0:25:17 | |
Sao Paulo is a city of immigrants. | 0:25:17 | 0:25:19 | |
It's the sixth biggest city in the world, the largest city in the southern hemisphere | 0:25:19 | 0:25:23 | |
and it's made up of people from all other parts of the world. | 0:25:23 | 0:25:26 | |
In the country alone, there's 1.5 million Japanese in Brazil. | 0:25:26 | 0:25:30 | |
And see, they have their own papers, for which I must now pay. | 0:25:30 | 0:25:33 | |
Hello. Hola! | 0:25:33 | 0:25:35 | |
RELIGIOUS CHANTING | 0:25:36 | 0:25:39 | |
In the Liberdade district, which is the heart of the Japanese Brazilian community, | 0:25:45 | 0:25:50 | |
they're celebrating the start of Hanamatsuri, the traditional Japanese Flower Festival. | 0:25:50 | 0:25:56 | |
The priest is blessing one of the tiniest Buddhas I've ever seen! | 0:25:56 | 0:26:00 | |
The participants are mainly businessmen of a certain age. | 0:26:00 | 0:26:04 | |
But one of the younger onlookers is Jun Takake. | 0:26:04 | 0:26:07 | |
Why did they come to Brazil, your grandparents? | 0:26:07 | 0:26:11 | |
Because they were fortunate to work with agriculture here. | 0:26:11 | 0:26:13 | |
-Oh, in agriculture. -Yes. | 0:26:13 | 0:26:15 | |
They started to work in the farms to make money | 0:26:15 | 0:26:17 | |
to come back to Japan and to buy a farm and start to... | 0:26:17 | 0:26:21 | |
But most of them, they keep here. | 0:26:21 | 0:26:25 | |
-And they're still now here, and that's why I'm here! -Yeah. | 0:26:25 | 0:26:29 | |
My grandparents, they said, "No, Brazil is good. | 0:26:29 | 0:26:32 | |
"I want to keep stay here, not go back to Japan." | 0:26:32 | 0:26:35 | |
Is there any problem with Japanese inter-marrying with other immigrant groups or other races? | 0:26:37 | 0:26:43 | |
No, not now. In the beginning, yes. | 0:26:43 | 0:26:45 | |
But now we have a lot of these mixtures and cultures. | 0:26:45 | 0:26:49 | |
A lot of Brazilian Japanese marry with Brazilian girls. | 0:26:49 | 0:26:55 | |
And Italians or Russians or Germans. | 0:26:55 | 0:26:59 | |
No, it's not a problem. | 0:26:59 | 0:27:01 | |
Because we are in Brazil. I'm born in Brazil. | 0:27:01 | 0:27:04 | |
So I'm Brazilian Japanese. | 0:27:04 | 0:27:06 | |
Jun, like millions of other immigrants, | 0:27:14 | 0:27:16 | |
has been willingly sucked in to the collective identity | 0:27:16 | 0:27:20 | |
of the country he now calls home. | 0:27:20 | 0:27:22 | |
In some areas of life, non-Brazilian stereotypes are very much alive and well. | 0:27:23 | 0:27:28 | |
Supermodels, for instance, like Gisele Bundchen, | 0:27:28 | 0:27:31 | |
tend to the Teutonic. | 0:27:31 | 0:27:33 | |
Bundchen has made a fortune from not looking particularly Brazilian. | 0:27:33 | 0:27:37 | |
And, unsurprisingly, | 0:27:37 | 0:27:39 | |
she's become a model for all potential models. | 0:27:39 | 0:27:42 | |
Her brand of tall, long-legged elegance | 0:27:42 | 0:27:45 | |
is drawn largely from an area some way from Sao Paulo. | 0:27:45 | 0:27:48 | |
500 miles south, in the city of Blumenau, | 0:27:52 | 0:27:55 | |
white European immigrants predominate. | 0:27:55 | 0:27:58 | |
Here, where the buildings are half-timbered | 0:27:58 | 0:28:00 | |
and the beer drunk in steins, | 0:28:00 | 0:28:02 | |
is a fertile recruiting ground for some of the most sought-after models in the world. | 0:28:02 | 0:28:07 | |
One of them, a second-generation German, local girl Priscila Falaster, | 0:28:09 | 0:28:13 | |
is already well-established on the fashion runways of the world. | 0:28:13 | 0:28:17 | |
Is it a big ambition of girls in Brazil to be a model? | 0:28:17 | 0:28:23 | |
Like Gisele Bundchen, or someone like that? | 0:28:23 | 0:28:26 | |
-Is it something that girls want to be? -Yes. | 0:28:26 | 0:28:30 | |
Everybody wants so much to be a model here. | 0:28:30 | 0:28:33 | |
Maybe because we have Gisele Bundchen | 0:28:33 | 0:28:37 | |
and the girls say, "Oh, my God, I want this life." | 0:28:37 | 0:28:40 | |
Do you feel quite proud of what you've done, you know, | 0:28:40 | 0:28:45 | |
for you're here in Blumenau? | 0:28:45 | 0:28:47 | |
-Yes. -Do you feel quite good? You've done... -I am so proud. | 0:28:47 | 0:28:51 | |
I am so proud because I love here. | 0:28:51 | 0:28:54 | |
When I have been German, | 0:28:54 | 0:28:57 | |
I'm so happy because my grandfather is from there. | 0:28:57 | 0:29:02 | |
And here I am so proud | 0:29:02 | 0:29:04 | |
because it's one beautiful city. | 0:29:04 | 0:29:08 | |
And they have culture, do you understand? | 0:29:08 | 0:29:11 | |
And they have German's buildings. | 0:29:11 | 0:29:13 | |
-Yeah. -I love. I love here. | 0:29:13 | 0:29:16 | |
I think I know what she means | 0:29:27 | 0:29:29 | |
as I see everywhere around me | 0:29:29 | 0:29:31 | |
a world I'd never expected to find in the land of sun, sea and samba. | 0:29:31 | 0:29:35 | |
I've now reached the deep south of Brazil, | 0:29:38 | 0:29:40 | |
over 3,000 miles from where I started | 0:29:40 | 0:29:43 | |
just up by the Venezuelan border. | 0:29:43 | 0:29:45 | |
And the immigrants who've settled this part of Brazil are very different. | 0:29:45 | 0:29:49 | |
SPEAKS GERMAN | 0:29:49 | 0:29:51 | |
My preconceptions of Brazil need some readjusting | 0:29:56 | 0:30:00 | |
as I find myself drawn ever more deeply into a different place | 0:30:00 | 0:30:04 | |
and a different time. | 0:30:04 | 0:30:06 | |
In the small town of Pomoroj, | 0:30:08 | 0:30:10 | |
90% of the inhabitants not only speak German, | 0:30:10 | 0:30:13 | |
but speak it with a 19th-century Pomeranian dialect. | 0:30:13 | 0:30:17 | |
And funny hats are obligatory. | 0:30:17 | 0:30:19 | |
Like so many immigrants, the Germans of Pomeroj stick to their old ways | 0:30:24 | 0:30:27 | |
with a fervour that the homeland rarely equals. | 0:30:27 | 0:30:31 | |
Complete with whoops, yells, accordions, | 0:30:32 | 0:30:35 | |
and dances that Health and Safety would have banned years ago! | 0:30:35 | 0:30:38 | |
Drinking a lot of beer helps if you're wielding an axe right next to your foot! | 0:30:57 | 0:31:02 | |
I've been enlisted to help Ingo Pens, | 0:31:03 | 0:31:05 | |
who sells ice-cold Pilsner from a motorcycle side-car. | 0:31:05 | 0:31:09 | |
Ingo sees my potential as a travelling barman. | 0:31:09 | 0:31:12 | |
Ooh, what a creamy top that is. | 0:31:12 | 0:31:14 | |
OK? | 0:31:14 | 0:31:16 | |
Tip it up a little, dear. That's it. There we go. | 0:31:16 | 0:31:19 | |
-Hi. -Hi, yes, now you'll want a lot. You're hot. | 0:31:19 | 0:31:22 | |
You're hot. Heit. | 0:31:22 | 0:31:25 | |
Strong beer. There. | 0:31:25 | 0:31:26 | |
Oops. | 0:31:27 | 0:31:29 | |
-Prost. -Beifall. -Very good. To the team. To the team! | 0:31:32 | 0:31:36 | |
Then, just when I thought I could get quietly pissed... | 0:31:38 | 0:31:41 | |
Oh! Thank you! | 0:31:43 | 0:31:45 | |
Ah, well, here we go. | 0:31:47 | 0:31:49 | |
Ah. | 0:31:50 | 0:31:52 | |
-OK. Yes. -Yes. -Yes. All right, I've got that bit. | 0:31:52 | 0:31:55 | |
After some initial embarrassment, I get into the swing of it | 0:32:15 | 0:32:19 | |
and soon we're a fully-fledged dancing unit. | 0:32:19 | 0:32:22 | |
Thank you! | 0:32:33 | 0:32:34 | |
But you can only have so much fun. | 0:32:35 | 0:32:38 | |
And now it's time to get back on the road with Ingo. | 0:32:38 | 0:32:40 | |
At a leisurely pace, he takes me on his beer bike | 0:32:40 | 0:32:43 | |
to visit one of the oldest immigrant families in the area. | 0:32:43 | 0:32:47 | |
Hannah Laura has invited me to join her | 0:32:47 | 0:32:50 | |
and some of her 14 brothers and sisters and their children | 0:32:50 | 0:32:53 | |
for a traditional Pomeranian Sunday lunch. | 0:32:53 | 0:32:56 | |
SPEAKS GERMAN | 0:32:56 | 0:32:58 | |
Yeah. | 0:32:58 | 0:33:00 | |
Stir well. | 0:33:03 | 0:33:04 | |
What she's making now is a traditional Pomeranian stuffing | 0:33:04 | 0:33:09 | |
which was brought over from Germany... | 0:33:09 | 0:33:10 | |
..to have with the duck. | 0:33:12 | 0:33:14 | |
You've got to have a strong arm to do that. | 0:33:14 | 0:33:19 | |
In it goes. | 0:33:24 | 0:33:26 | |
PRAYS IN GERMAN | 0:33:28 | 0:33:31 | |
So how do you feel, Hannah Laura? | 0:33:52 | 0:33:55 | |
Do you feel German first | 0:33:55 | 0:33:57 | |
and Brazilian second | 0:33:57 | 0:33:59 | |
or do you feel Brazilian but German as well? | 0:33:59 | 0:34:02 | |
-TRANSLATION: -I feel German first. | 0:34:02 | 0:34:04 | |
In most of Brazil, the immigrant people, | 0:34:04 | 0:34:08 | |
whether they've come from Italy or Spain or Portugal, | 0:34:08 | 0:34:12 | |
they all become Brazilian. | 0:34:12 | 0:34:15 | |
But here, you remain very German. | 0:34:15 | 0:34:20 | |
You're very strongly attached to your German identity. | 0:34:20 | 0:34:23 | |
Why is that different from all the other immigrants in Brazil? | 0:34:23 | 0:34:27 | |
'I think it's maybe because our forefathers left us the culture | 0:34:32 | 0:34:37 | |
'and the customs. | 0:34:37 | 0:34:38 | |
'And every family from Germany | 0:34:38 | 0:34:40 | |
'wants to make sure it continues, | 0:34:40 | 0:34:42 | |
'wants to make sure we pass it on to our children and grandchildren | 0:34:42 | 0:34:46 | |
'so it doesn't die out.' | 0:34:46 | 0:34:48 | |
They call this the European Valley, | 0:34:53 | 0:34:55 | |
largely settled by Germans like Hannah Laura | 0:34:55 | 0:34:58 | |
who don't seem in any hurry to assimilate. | 0:34:58 | 0:35:01 | |
My evening with Ingo is hardly going to break the mould. | 0:35:01 | 0:35:04 | |
He's taking me to a bierkeller! | 0:35:04 | 0:35:06 | |
The band is led by a man called Michael Lochner, | 0:35:10 | 0:35:14 | |
who, for once, is not Brazilian German. | 0:35:14 | 0:35:16 | |
He's actually German German! | 0:35:16 | 0:35:19 | |
He came here for a beer festival, met a local girl and stayed. | 0:35:24 | 0:35:28 | |
His band is quintessentially Brazilian, | 0:35:35 | 0:35:38 | |
and they don't take it all too seriously. | 0:35:38 | 0:35:40 | |
One of their biggest hits is called White Sausage Samba. | 0:35:40 | 0:35:44 | |
So you're really dealing with a quite difficult fusion | 0:35:46 | 0:35:49 | |
of Brazilian and German and Portuguese and German. | 0:35:49 | 0:35:53 | |
It's quite challenging. | 0:35:53 | 0:35:56 | |
-It's very complicated. -And with the music as well. | 0:35:56 | 0:35:58 | |
You've got brass band and you've got guitar. | 0:35:58 | 0:36:01 | |
You're playing samba and you're playing oom-pah-pah! | 0:36:01 | 0:36:04 | |
-We recorded about 15 CDs. -OK. | 0:36:04 | 0:36:08 | |
Up until today, our record company | 0:36:08 | 0:36:12 | |
don't know where to put them - German, Brazilian, rocking. | 0:36:12 | 0:36:18 | |
What place in the record store will we put this record? | 0:36:18 | 0:36:23 | |
It's complicated. Folk? I don't know! | 0:36:23 | 0:36:25 | |
'He's not the only one who's confused. | 0:36:25 | 0:36:28 | |
'After a few beers, Michael looks distinctly like a woman!' | 0:36:28 | 0:36:32 | |
So the German and Brazilian senses of humour | 0:36:43 | 0:36:45 | |
can appreciate the same thing? | 0:36:45 | 0:36:49 | |
Or not? | 0:36:49 | 0:36:51 | |
I think it's different! | 0:36:51 | 0:36:53 | |
What's the German... All right, we know the German sense of humour. | 0:36:53 | 0:36:57 | |
It's nice and good. They love Monty Python so it must be great. | 0:36:57 | 0:37:00 | |
But Brazilian sense of humour? How different is that? | 0:37:00 | 0:37:03 | |
What do they laugh at? | 0:37:03 | 0:37:05 | |
It's... It's... For me, it's a little bit superficial. | 0:37:05 | 0:37:09 | |
Is it? Yes? | 0:37:09 | 0:37:11 | |
I think Brazil, it's a country for many immigrating countries - | 0:37:11 | 0:37:15 | |
Italians, Germans, Portuguese, | 0:37:15 | 0:37:18 | |
Spanish, all. | 0:37:18 | 0:37:19 | |
This is... It's complicated. | 0:37:19 | 0:37:21 | |
-Yes. -To mix this mixture, | 0:37:21 | 0:37:24 | |
to understand the same kind of humour. | 0:37:24 | 0:37:27 | |
The surprises of southern Brazil keep on coming. | 0:37:45 | 0:37:48 | |
Like this wonderful railway train. | 0:37:48 | 0:37:50 | |
Brazil's railway heyday was 100 years ago | 0:37:50 | 0:37:54 | |
and it's rare to find a train that still carries passengers. | 0:37:54 | 0:37:57 | |
We're running on a freight line | 0:37:57 | 0:38:00 | |
cut through the Mata Atlantica. | 0:38:00 | 0:38:02 | |
The scenery is spectacular | 0:38:02 | 0:38:04 | |
and we few lucky passengers | 0:38:04 | 0:38:07 | |
are thoroughly spoiled. | 0:38:07 | 0:38:09 | |
I'm sharing my champagne with a serious young Brazilian called Marcelo. | 0:38:09 | 0:38:14 | |
-It's a good way to see the forest, isn't it? -Yes. | 0:38:15 | 0:38:20 | |
Because there are no roads here, only the railway. | 0:38:20 | 0:38:23 | |
It gives us this chance to see it. It's beautiful. | 0:38:23 | 0:38:26 | |
Yes, it's so beautiful. And it's amazing | 0:38:26 | 0:38:29 | |
because 12% of the bio-diversity of the world is right here. | 0:38:29 | 0:38:34 | |
-12% of the bio-diversity of the world. -Yes. | 0:38:34 | 0:38:38 | |
You see all this, the forest, | 0:38:38 | 0:38:40 | |
and it makes you feel quite spiritual, in a way. | 0:38:40 | 0:38:43 | |
You know, about how this came to be. Why is it so beautiful, all that. | 0:38:43 | 0:38:47 | |
Do you have a religious belief? Are you a Catholic? | 0:38:47 | 0:38:51 | |
No, I'm a spiritualist. | 0:38:51 | 0:38:54 | |
-I believe in spiritualism. -Right. | 0:38:54 | 0:38:57 | |
-Yeah. -I believe in that. | 0:38:57 | 0:38:58 | |
And I believe too, that the forest is a big soul. | 0:38:58 | 0:39:02 | |
It provide us our energy, our light. | 0:39:02 | 0:39:07 | |
Everything that we need comes from the forests. | 0:39:07 | 0:39:10 | |
Do many people, young Brazilians like you, feel the same thing? | 0:39:10 | 0:39:15 | |
Yes, it's amazing because many people feel like me. | 0:39:15 | 0:39:19 | |
Many people now is feeling this important thing. | 0:39:19 | 0:39:22 | |
The nature, human people, the animals, | 0:39:22 | 0:39:25 | |
everything is connected. | 0:39:25 | 0:39:27 | |
We can change, we need to change this world. | 0:39:27 | 0:39:31 | |
We are part of everything. | 0:39:31 | 0:39:33 | |
What is your... | 0:39:34 | 0:39:36 | |
This is from Maori culture. | 0:39:36 | 0:39:40 | |
-Maori? -Maori culture. | 0:39:40 | 0:39:42 | |
I pass one week Dreaming with the Maori people. | 0:39:42 | 0:39:46 | |
-Dreaming? -Dreaming. -Oh, yes, doing the Dream culture. | 0:39:46 | 0:39:50 | |
And the Maori people, one man, | 0:39:50 | 0:39:52 | |
with tattoo, | 0:39:52 | 0:39:54 | |
is teaching me to carve. | 0:39:54 | 0:39:56 | |
-Oh, right. -I never did that before. | 0:39:56 | 0:39:58 | |
-Of course, I've seen that in... -This is the first job that I made. | 0:39:58 | 0:40:02 | |
And when I give for the person, like this, | 0:40:02 | 0:40:06 | |
-and have a pray. -OK. | 0:40:06 | 0:40:08 | |
I have a pray and desire everything. This is for you, Michael. | 0:40:08 | 0:40:12 | |
This is for you. You're gonna use this to protect. | 0:40:12 | 0:40:17 | |
To protect your family, to protect your body, | 0:40:17 | 0:40:20 | |
your mind, your spirits. | 0:40:20 | 0:40:22 | |
This is a gift for you right now. | 0:40:22 | 0:40:24 | |
OK. Receive my love, the universe love. OK? | 0:40:24 | 0:40:29 | |
Do you know you can feel? | 0:40:29 | 0:40:31 | |
This is for you. | 0:40:31 | 0:40:32 | |
-Thank you. -This is yours. | 0:40:34 | 0:40:36 | |
-This is mine? -This is for you. | 0:40:36 | 0:40:38 | |
This is for you. | 0:40:38 | 0:40:40 | |
That's... I'm very touched. | 0:40:40 | 0:40:42 | |
Very touched. | 0:40:42 | 0:40:44 | |
-Thank you. -This is a gift for you, my friend. | 0:40:44 | 0:40:46 | |
Michael. My old new friend. | 0:40:46 | 0:40:49 | |
-Thank you. -You are welcome. | 0:40:51 | 0:40:54 | |
My encounter with Marcelo is typical of many I've had on my way through Brazil. | 0:40:55 | 0:40:59 | |
There's a sense of openness and un-self-consciousness about people here. | 0:40:59 | 0:41:04 | |
If they like you, they'll tell you. | 0:41:04 | 0:41:06 | |
There's nothing better than a breath of Brazilian fresh air | 0:41:06 | 0:41:09 | |
to blow the dust off British reserve. | 0:41:09 | 0:41:12 | |
I can't leave Brazil without reminding myself once again | 0:41:21 | 0:41:24 | |
of the size, scale and beauty of its rarely visited interior. | 0:41:24 | 0:41:29 | |
I'm flying 500 miles to the west | 0:41:29 | 0:41:32 | |
where the central plateau drops away. | 0:41:32 | 0:41:34 | |
Below lies a very different vista of lagoon and forest. | 0:41:34 | 0:41:39 | |
It's the largest wetland in the world. | 0:41:39 | 0:41:41 | |
They call it the Pantanal | 0:41:41 | 0:41:43 | |
and the transport is traditional. | 0:41:43 | 0:41:45 | |
Take the camera off for the undignified bit! | 0:41:45 | 0:41:50 | |
-So, in like that. -Hold it there. | 0:41:51 | 0:41:53 | |
Very good. | 0:41:55 | 0:41:57 | |
-OK? -Good. | 0:41:58 | 0:42:00 | |
This is about the speed I like! | 0:42:00 | 0:42:02 | |
Thank you, Alex. Thanks. | 0:42:03 | 0:42:05 | |
'Alex and my fellow horsemen are the Brazilian counterpart | 0:42:12 | 0:42:15 | |
'of the Gauchos in Argentina, | 0:42:15 | 0:42:17 | |
'and here, as there, their life is inextricably linked to the movement of cattle. | 0:42:17 | 0:42:22 | |
'The young cattle are particularly vulnerable to predators, | 0:42:24 | 0:42:26 | |
'as I'm to find out.' | 0:42:26 | 0:42:28 | |
You're going to be looked at. | 0:42:33 | 0:42:35 | |
'This calf has been attacked and needs to be treated. | 0:42:36 | 0:42:39 | |
'One of the team keeps the mother at bay | 0:42:40 | 0:42:42 | |
'whilst Alex supplies some modern medicine.' | 0:42:42 | 0:42:45 | |
He has been attacked by a jaguar. | 0:42:53 | 0:42:56 | |
Oh, really? What damage has been done? | 0:42:56 | 0:43:00 | |
-Been attacked. -Yes, attacked. You see it has bitten his neck. -OK. | 0:43:00 | 0:43:03 | |
He's lucky because the mom is really courage. | 0:43:03 | 0:43:07 | |
-The mother would have attacked the jaguar? -Yes. Defending him. | 0:43:07 | 0:43:11 | |
I'm going to leave him. | 0:43:17 | 0:43:19 | |
-So you were just able to put some antiseptic on? -Yeah. | 0:43:23 | 0:43:27 | |
Antiseptic. If it's too big, | 0:43:27 | 0:43:29 | |
we get some dry shit. | 0:43:29 | 0:43:32 | |
-Dry shit? -And put it in. -Really? -Yeah. | 0:43:32 | 0:43:34 | |
-And that helps heal the wound? -Yeah. | 0:43:34 | 0:43:36 | |
You don't often see that. | 0:43:38 | 0:43:39 | |
Calf attacked by jaguar. | 0:43:39 | 0:43:41 | |
Anyway, better go. Calves to save, work to be done. | 0:43:41 | 0:43:45 | |
Come on, camera. | 0:43:45 | 0:43:47 | |
They respect the old ways here. | 0:43:50 | 0:43:52 | |
Even down to the mighty curved horn that's carried to summon the cattle. | 0:43:52 | 0:43:56 | |
There's a peace and serenity here in the Pantanal | 0:44:18 | 0:44:21 | |
that's like nectar after the crowded cities of the coast. | 0:44:21 | 0:44:25 | |
The cattle ranch, or fazenda, where I'm staying, | 0:44:26 | 0:44:29 | |
has been run by the Rondon family for nearly 100 years. | 0:44:29 | 0:44:32 | |
Pollyanna Rondon, the naturalist among the family, | 0:44:32 | 0:44:37 | |
tells me about the reality of living in a wetland. | 0:44:37 | 0:44:40 | |
The water will reach about 1.5 metres high. | 0:44:40 | 0:44:44 | |
Really? So where we are here, | 0:44:44 | 0:44:47 | |
-it would be up to about there. -Yes. -In the wet season. | 0:44:47 | 0:44:50 | |
We would never do walking here! | 0:44:50 | 0:44:52 | |
Just the top of my hat would be sticking out! | 0:44:52 | 0:44:54 | |
-They are ducks. -Yes. | 0:44:56 | 0:44:58 | |
-Over there, those big... Are they the jab... -Jabiru. Jabiru stork. | 0:44:59 | 0:45:04 | |
-Yes. They're the big... -There's a couple of Jabiru stork. | 0:45:04 | 0:45:08 | |
-They are dating already. -Are they? -They are. | 0:45:08 | 0:45:12 | |
They are normally in couples. They live together. | 0:45:12 | 0:45:15 | |
And over there we also have some aigrettes. | 0:45:15 | 0:45:18 | |
-Yes. -And we also have some ibis, over there. | 0:45:18 | 0:45:22 | |
-Yes. -We call quiticaca in Portuguese. | 0:45:22 | 0:45:24 | |
The names in Portuguese are related to the sound they produce. | 0:45:24 | 0:45:28 | |
This bird makes something like, "Quiticaca! Quiticaca!" | 0:45:28 | 0:45:32 | |
Right. | 0:45:32 | 0:45:34 | |
-I know the pentivi? That's a bird, isn't it? -Yes. | 0:45:34 | 0:45:37 | |
How does it go? | 0:45:37 | 0:45:39 | |
-Pentivi! Pentivi! -Pentivi! Yeah. | 0:45:39 | 0:45:41 | |
'Lunch with Pollyanna and her father-in-law | 0:46:01 | 0:46:04 | |
'is a simple affair of two pigs and a half a calf.' | 0:46:04 | 0:46:07 | |
Just to get an idea of the scale, the Pantanal is big, isn't it? | 0:46:07 | 0:46:11 | |
-It's an enormous area. -They say we are the size of Holland and Belgium together. | 0:46:11 | 0:46:16 | |
Holland and Belgium? | 0:46:16 | 0:46:17 | |
Belgium's always dragged in as a country to measure size by! | 0:46:17 | 0:46:21 | |
Holland AND Belgium! That's a tricky one! | 0:46:21 | 0:46:24 | |
'Guillerme Rondon is a descendant of the great Brazilian explorer, | 0:46:24 | 0:46:28 | |
'Colonel Candido Rondon, | 0:46:28 | 0:46:30 | |
'the first man to map and settle the Pantanal.' | 0:46:30 | 0:46:34 | |
This idea of Brazilian - what is Brazilian and all that. | 0:46:34 | 0:46:37 | |
Being a Pantanero, is something which is more important than being a Brazilian? | 0:46:37 | 0:46:42 | |
-Or is it... -You answer this! | 0:46:42 | 0:46:44 | |
SHE TRANSLATES | 0:46:44 | 0:46:47 | |
Yes. | 0:46:49 | 0:46:51 | |
-Yes. -Yes, because it's... | 0:46:51 | 0:46:53 | |
SPEAKS PORTUGUESE | 0:46:53 | 0:46:55 | |
-It comes from the soul. -Comes from the soul. | 0:46:55 | 0:46:58 | |
Yes, something you feel. Yes. | 0:46:58 | 0:47:00 | |
PORTUGUESE | 0:47:05 | 0:47:06 | |
I see this. Like Espacion who was serving the meat for us. | 0:47:06 | 0:47:10 | |
He's proud of being a Pantanal man. | 0:47:10 | 0:47:12 | |
Much more he would say that than a Brazilian. | 0:47:12 | 0:47:15 | |
Of course he's happy to be a Brazilian, | 0:47:15 | 0:47:17 | |
but he would say, "I am a Pantanal man." | 0:47:17 | 0:47:20 | |
-And be proud of it. -Yes. | 0:47:20 | 0:47:22 | |
'To see more of this unique wetland, | 0:47:30 | 0:47:32 | |
'I take to the river in the company of another proud Pantanal man, | 0:47:32 | 0:47:36 | |
'my guide, John. | 0:47:36 | 0:47:38 | |
'Pollyanna joked that they don't have big game here, | 0:47:39 | 0:47:41 | |
'only small game. | 0:47:41 | 0:47:43 | |
'But there's some impressively ferocious life on the riverbank.' | 0:47:43 | 0:47:46 | |
So tell me, John, it's a... | 0:47:47 | 0:47:49 | |
The spectacled or Paraguayan caiman. | 0:47:49 | 0:47:53 | |
-Yeah. -It reaches a maximum of three metres. | 0:47:53 | 0:47:56 | |
-Yeah. -They rest in the day and hunt at night. | 0:47:56 | 0:48:01 | |
What does it hunt? | 0:48:01 | 0:48:03 | |
-It hunts mainly fish. -Yeah. | 0:48:03 | 0:48:07 | |
Up to frogs and baby capybara | 0:48:07 | 0:48:10 | |
it can swallow whole. | 0:48:10 | 0:48:13 | |
They rest there with their mouth open, do they? | 0:48:13 | 0:48:15 | |
Ah, he's moved now. | 0:48:15 | 0:48:17 | |
Opening the mouth is for innards and metabolism. | 0:48:18 | 0:48:21 | |
-Ah. -Regulating the function of the ambience. -OK. | 0:48:23 | 0:48:27 | |
-Sorry. -Sorry! | 0:48:33 | 0:48:35 | |
Now here's something else I've never seen on safari before. | 0:48:40 | 0:48:43 | |
A capybara. | 0:48:43 | 0:48:45 | |
It's the largest rodent in the world. | 0:48:45 | 0:48:47 | |
Seems oddly embarrassed about the fact! | 0:48:47 | 0:48:50 | |
Tell me about the capybara. | 0:48:52 | 0:48:55 | |
The capybara is the biggest rodent of the world. | 0:48:55 | 0:48:59 | |
That is the male which reaches about 65 to 70 kilograms. | 0:48:59 | 0:49:07 | |
Do they live on land or in the water? | 0:49:07 | 0:49:09 | |
They spend some time on the land and in the water. | 0:49:09 | 0:49:13 | |
They're easy prey for puma and jaguar. | 0:49:13 | 0:49:15 | |
And jaguar, right. | 0:49:15 | 0:49:17 | |
And you said caiman can also eat them. | 0:49:17 | 0:49:20 | |
-The caimans eat the baby ones. -Eat the babies, yes. | 0:49:20 | 0:49:23 | |
-It can swallow whole. -Right. | 0:49:23 | 0:49:25 | |
Their self-defence is to jump in the water if it's scared of something. | 0:49:25 | 0:49:30 | |
OK. | 0:49:30 | 0:49:31 | |
As the day wears on, John finds a spot for some quiet fishing. | 0:49:38 | 0:49:42 | |
It's what he's trying to catch that worries me slightly. | 0:49:42 | 0:49:46 | |
-You're catching piranha? -Catching piranha, yes. | 0:49:46 | 0:49:50 | |
Let it go down. | 0:49:50 | 0:49:51 | |
Like this. | 0:49:51 | 0:49:53 | |
-Short and fast. -OK. | 0:49:53 | 0:49:54 | |
-OK? -Yep. | 0:49:54 | 0:49:57 | |
'I'm not a natural fisherman. | 0:49:57 | 0:49:59 | |
'But the thought that I might bring to the surface | 0:49:59 | 0:50:02 | |
'something that could strip the flesh from my bones in seconds | 0:50:02 | 0:50:05 | |
'makes me more than usually nervous.' | 0:50:05 | 0:50:07 | |
Yes, that's good. | 0:50:08 | 0:50:10 | |
Work the fish. Work the fish as well, please. | 0:50:10 | 0:50:12 | |
-Oh. -Escaped it. | 0:50:12 | 0:50:15 | |
John's refusal to let me give up strengthens my determination. | 0:50:17 | 0:50:21 | |
This is my Moby Dick moment. | 0:50:21 | 0:50:23 | |
It's him or me! | 0:50:23 | 0:50:25 | |
-Ahh! -Almost. -Almost! | 0:50:25 | 0:50:28 | |
I can feel it eating. | 0:50:31 | 0:50:33 | |
I can feel it nibbling. | 0:50:33 | 0:50:35 | |
If you have a long bite, just pull it up strong. | 0:50:35 | 0:50:38 | |
Pull up, not... Wait, wait! | 0:50:38 | 0:50:40 | |
-Ooh! -Wa-hey! | 0:50:40 | 0:50:42 | |
This has become dangerous! | 0:50:42 | 0:50:44 | |
Well, we got one! | 0:50:46 | 0:50:48 | |
'OK, I nearly took John's eye out, | 0:50:51 | 0:50:52 | |
'but at least I've seen a piranha. | 0:50:52 | 0:50:55 | |
'And where there's one, there must be others.' | 0:50:55 | 0:50:57 | |
OK. | 0:50:58 | 0:50:59 | |
Then, quite suddenly, | 0:50:59 | 0:51:01 | |
the struggle is over. | 0:51:01 | 0:51:02 | |
-May I help you? -Yep. | 0:51:02 | 0:51:05 | |
So hold like this. | 0:51:06 | 0:51:08 | |
OK. You can take it off. | 0:51:08 | 0:51:11 | |
-Take it off and hold like this. -Yes, John. | 0:51:11 | 0:51:13 | |
Sorry, old mate. Nothing against you personally. | 0:51:16 | 0:51:19 | |
-This kind is a... -Is this a... | 0:51:19 | 0:51:21 | |
Yellow piranha. This kind is a cannibal. | 0:51:21 | 0:51:24 | |
This kind is a cannibal piranha? | 0:51:24 | 0:51:27 | |
Hmm. | 0:51:27 | 0:51:29 | |
So it obviously thought this was another piranha. | 0:51:29 | 0:51:32 | |
Ooh, very sharp teeth. | 0:51:32 | 0:51:34 | |
-Very sharp. -Don't want to get near those. Yeah. | 0:51:34 | 0:51:37 | |
Let's have a look at it. | 0:51:37 | 0:51:39 | |
His teeth are worth a look. | 0:51:41 | 0:51:43 | |
Just introduce him to the viewers. | 0:51:47 | 0:51:49 | |
So he's a cannibal piranha | 0:51:49 | 0:51:50 | |
and that's the old teeth, yes. | 0:51:50 | 0:51:52 | |
That's pretty nasty. | 0:51:52 | 0:51:54 | |
There are some accidents here because this fish is very slippery. | 0:51:54 | 0:51:58 | |
-Slippery. It could suddenly... -People do not hold and escape the hand and bite. | 0:51:58 | 0:52:03 | |
I'm not going to hold it. No, absolutely not. | 0:52:03 | 0:52:06 | |
Are you going to make some sashimi with it? | 0:52:06 | 0:52:08 | |
-Here now? -Now? -It would be nice now. -OK. | 0:52:08 | 0:52:10 | |
Lovely here. | 0:52:10 | 0:52:12 | |
Freshest sashimi you'll ever get! | 0:52:13 | 0:52:16 | |
This is John's party-piece. | 0:52:16 | 0:52:18 | |
Five minutes ago, it was swimming around, | 0:52:19 | 0:52:21 | |
merrily looking for another... | 0:52:21 | 0:52:23 | |
Another piranha to eat. | 0:52:26 | 0:52:28 | |
Then disaster struck. | 0:52:28 | 0:52:30 | |
Palin, after 12 false attempts, | 0:52:31 | 0:52:33 | |
snatched the little beast from the water | 0:52:33 | 0:52:35 | |
and now it's sashimi time. | 0:52:35 | 0:52:38 | |
Just throw that to the caiman. Wow. | 0:52:48 | 0:52:51 | |
OK. | 0:52:52 | 0:52:53 | |
Caiman! | 0:52:53 | 0:52:55 | |
Here you are, caiman. | 0:52:55 | 0:52:57 | |
I don't know what I'm doing to the ecological balance, | 0:52:58 | 0:53:01 | |
but there you go. | 0:53:01 | 0:53:02 | |
A beautiful sky, isn't it? | 0:53:22 | 0:53:24 | |
Fantastic clouds. | 0:53:24 | 0:53:26 | |
-This place is so quiet. -It is, isn't it? | 0:53:29 | 0:53:31 | |
After you've spent a few days in Sao Paulo... | 0:53:33 | 0:53:35 | |
anywhere is quiet! | 0:53:35 | 0:53:38 | |
Here we go. | 0:53:42 | 0:53:44 | |
Here we go, a bit of piranha sashimi. | 0:53:50 | 0:53:52 | |
Mmm! | 0:53:54 | 0:53:56 | |
It's good. Very good. | 0:53:56 | 0:53:59 | |
Piranha sashimi at sunset. | 0:53:59 | 0:54:01 | |
Thank you, Brazil. | 0:54:04 | 0:54:06 | |
It's our last day here, | 0:54:31 | 0:54:34 | |
and as dusk turns to night, | 0:54:34 | 0:54:35 | |
Guillerme serenades us with his own songs of the Pantanal. | 0:54:35 | 0:54:39 | |
I'll be sad to leave the good company and immense restfulness of this place. | 0:54:46 | 0:54:49 | |
But another more epic wetland beckons. | 0:54:49 | 0:54:53 | |
The Iguazu Falls | 0:54:59 | 0:55:01 | |
is the biggest waterfall system in the world | 0:55:01 | 0:55:03 | |
and perhaps the most sublime of Brazil's natural wonders. | 0:55:03 | 0:55:07 | |
There couldn't be a more memorable place for me to end my journey. | 0:55:07 | 0:55:11 | |
This is where the borders of Brazil touch the borders of Argentina and Paraguay. | 0:55:12 | 0:55:17 | |
All three countries share responsibility for protecting the National Park | 0:55:17 | 0:55:22 | |
that surrounds the falls. | 0:55:22 | 0:55:24 | |
Biologist Marina Da Silva | 0:55:25 | 0:55:27 | |
came here from Sao Paulo to work on the Brazilian side. | 0:55:27 | 0:55:31 | |
She has to keep close contact with her neighbours. | 0:55:32 | 0:55:34 | |
-Over there, that's Argentine, is it? -Yes. That's the Argentine side. | 0:55:34 | 0:55:38 | |
-Brazil over there. -Yeah. | 0:55:38 | 0:55:39 | |
How do they all get on, Argentine, Paraguay and Brazil? | 0:55:39 | 0:55:42 | |
-Is it OK? -Quite interesting, you know? | 0:55:42 | 0:55:46 | |
We have a very good relationship among these three countries. | 0:55:46 | 0:55:52 | |
Anything you shouldn't talk about to them? | 0:55:52 | 0:55:55 | |
About soccer! | 0:55:55 | 0:55:57 | |
-We are completely... -Oh, dear. Deadly rivals! -Yeah. | 0:55:57 | 0:56:01 | |
-Don't talk about the World Cup! -No. | 0:56:01 | 0:56:04 | |
It's impossible. | 0:56:05 | 0:56:07 | |
Are you optimistic for the future of the protection of the environment? | 0:56:10 | 0:56:14 | |
Do you think things are going to be different in the next 10 to 15 years? | 0:56:14 | 0:56:17 | |
I think so. | 0:56:17 | 0:56:19 | |
I prefer to believe. | 0:56:19 | 0:56:22 | |
Because things are better than seven years when I arrived here. | 0:56:22 | 0:56:28 | |
So I have good reasons to believe. | 0:56:28 | 0:56:31 | |
People, the children, are different. | 0:56:31 | 0:56:35 | |
They think different about them. | 0:56:35 | 0:56:38 | |
The young people are more interested in the environment. | 0:56:38 | 0:56:42 | |
They don't like the behaviour of the parents, for example. | 0:56:42 | 0:56:46 | |
-Right. -The wrong behaviour about poaching, for example. | 0:56:46 | 0:56:52 | |
-So I really believe that things here will be better. -Yeah. | 0:56:52 | 0:56:56 | |
'Marina's view of what lies ahead is encouraging. | 0:56:59 | 0:57:01 | |
'She sees her country not just as a superpower, | 0:57:01 | 0:57:05 | |
'but a superpower with a social and environmental conscience. | 0:57:05 | 0:57:09 | |
'They'll face challenges, but with a new set of priorities.' | 0:57:09 | 0:57:12 | |
OK, waterfall, we defy you! | 0:57:20 | 0:57:22 | |
We defy you! | 0:57:22 | 0:57:24 | |
The Iguazu Falls seem to symbolise just how much Brazil has of everything. | 0:57:27 | 0:57:32 | |
How this bounty will be used by the next generation | 0:57:32 | 0:57:35 | |
will have repercussions far beyond its borders. | 0:57:35 | 0:57:38 | |
Well, I've come to the end of my Brazilian journey, | 0:57:45 | 0:57:48 | |
from the border with Venezuela in the north, | 0:57:48 | 0:57:50 | |
to the border with Argentina here in the south. | 0:57:50 | 0:57:53 | |
And from what I've seen and heard, | 0:57:53 | 0:57:55 | |
it only confirms my initial impressions | 0:57:55 | 0:57:57 | |
that Brazil is going to be a very powerful force for the future. | 0:57:57 | 0:58:01 | |
And I think they know it, too. | 0:58:01 | 0:58:04 | |
There's a sense of optimism, | 0:58:04 | 0:58:05 | |
a feeling that it's a good time to be Brazilian. | 0:58:05 | 0:58:08 | |
There are many problems here, | 0:58:08 | 0:58:10 | |
but there's also a remarkable sense of tolerance and harmony | 0:58:10 | 0:58:13 | |
and simple enjoyment of life. | 0:58:13 | 0:58:15 | |
Not bad qualities for a potential super-power! | 0:58:15 | 0:58:19 | |
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd | 0:58:51 | 0:58:54 |