Episode 10 Mastermind

First in the spotlight tonight is Geoffrey Snape, a geologist from Blackburn.

His subject - the history of New York.

Sally Mabey from Cardiff will answer questions on the Women's Institute.

Gareth Kingston, a marketing manager from Flitwick,

answers questions on the architect and designer Augustus Pugin.

And Chris Wills, a masters student from Manchester.

His subject - Wimbledon tennis singles since 1990.

APPLAUSE

Hello and welcome to Mastermind with me, John Humphrys.

Four more contenders about to take television's ultimate test of nerve and knowledge.

In the famous black chair, they will answer two minutes of questions on their specialist subject

and then two and a half minutes on general knowledge.

The winner goes through to the semi-finals and takes a step closer to owning the great glass bowl.

But the real prize is the honour of becoming the nation's Mastermind.

So let's get on with it and ask our first contender to join us, please.

-And your name is?

-Geoffrey Snape.

-Your occupation?

-Geologist.

-And your specialist subject?

-The History of New York City.

-Two minutes.

In 1892, which harbour location replaced Castle Garden

as New York's primary point of entry for immigrants?

-Ellis Island.

-Yes. Who was the last director general

of the Dutch colony of New Netherland, holding the post from 1647

till the colony surrendered to the English fleet in 1664?

-Peter Stuyvesant.

-Yes. What's the title of the landmark study

published by the police reporter and photographer Jacob Riis in 1890

that revealed the squalid living conditions of New York's poor?

-How The Other Half Lives.

-Yes. In which Harlem venue

did Duke Ellington and band begin their long-running residency in 1927?

-The Cotton Club.

-It was. In 1975, President Gerald Ford

refused a federal bailout for New York.

Which newspaper led with the headline "Ford To City: Drop Dead"?

-The Mail.

-Daily News. What were the Dead Rabbits, the Kerryonians

and the True Blue Americans, who were all active in New York City from the 1830s?

-Gangs.

-Yes. In the late 1930s, a former amusement park

was the site for the development of which present-day New York transport hub

-named after a city mayor?

-Repeat the question, please.

In the late 30s, a former amusement park was the site for the development

of which present-day New York transport hub named after a city mayor?

-LaGuardia.

-Yes. Which German-born businessman arrived in New York

as a fur trader, made a fortune in the first half of the 19th century

from Manhattan real estate and became the wealthiest living American?

-Jacob Astor.

-Yes. What was the original name of the skyscraper erected in 1902

that became known to New Yorkers as the Flatiron Building?

-Lincoln Building.

-The Fuller Building.

Which New York hotel became famous in the 1920s as the regular meeting place of,

among others, Dorothy Parker, Robert Benchley and Alexander Woollcott?

-Pass.

-Which American poet characterised Manhattan as,

"a city of orgies, walks and joys"

and as "a mettlesome, mad, extravagant city"?

-Walt Whitman.

-Yes. From 1841, who was the proprietor

of the American Museum on Broadway?

-Barnum.

-Yes. Central Park, created in the heart of Manhattan in the late 1850s,

was landscaped to a design by Frederick Law Olmsted

and which English-born American architect?

-Calvert Vaux.

-Yes. Which stadium, home of the Brooklyn Dodgers since 1913,

-was abandoned by the Dodgers in 1957...

-BEEP

I'll finish the question. ..and finally demolished in February 1960?

-Ebbets Field.

-Is correct. You had just one pass.

The hotel where all those famous people met, Dorothy Park and the rest, was the Algonquin.

As you knew. Geoffrey Snape, you have 11 points.

APPLAUSE

And our next contender, please.

-And your name is?

-Sally Mabey.

-Your occupation?

-Retired.

-And your specialist subject?

-The Women's Institute.

In which small community in Ontario, Canada,

did Adelaide Hoodless, a rural housewife,

establish the Women's Institute movement in 1897?

-Stoney Creek.

-Yes. The first British WI opened in 1915

in Llanfairpwll under the auspices of which society?

-The Agricultural Organisation.

-Yes. Which staunch liberal

became the first chairman of the National Federation of Women's Institutes in 1917?

-Lady Gertrude Denman.

-Yes. In 1940 in the scheme sponsored by the Ministry of Food,

what did the WI produce in vast amounts

with bottling and canning equipment from America?

-Jam.

-Yes. What is the name of the guild that was formed in 1920

in part to improve conditions of rural life

-by encouraging home and local industries?

-Pass.

Which song was unofficially adopted as the WI's anthem in the 1920s

despite some opposition on the grounds that it was an unsuitable allegory for women?

-Jerusalem.

-Yes. Who was the national chairman of the WI

during the Golden Jubilee celebrations of 1965

when thousands of members attended a garden party at Buckingham Palace?

-Mrs Batty Shaw?

-No, Mrs Gabrielle Pike.

What was the name of the WI's own magazine? First issued in 1919,

it was replaced in 2007 by WI Life.

-Home And Country.

-Yes. Which guild was formed in 1939

with a government grant of £500 to help members through

more intensive cultivation of their gardens and allotments?

-Pass.

-What was the name of the singing festival

that was held in the Royal Albert Hall in 1950

for which Vaughan Williams composed a cantata?

-The Brilliant And The Dark.

-The Folk Songs Of The Four Seasons.

Members of which local WI launched the Alternative Calendar in 1999

that provided a great deal of publicity, culminating in the film Calendar Girls?

-Rylstone and District.

-Yes. Which former journalist

became chairman of the NFWI in 2009?

-Pass.

-At the 2009 AGM, a resolution was passed

urging the government to increase funding for research

into the health of which endangered insect?

-Bee.

-Yes. Who was Lady Denman's vice chairman for over 20 years

until her sudden death in 1940? She was regarded as an outstanding scholar.

-Grace Hadow.

-Yes. Which campaign movement was formed in 1955

as a direct result of the WI's anti-litter resolution of 1954?

-Keep Britain Tidy.

-Correct. You had three passes.

It was Ruth Bond who took over in 2009.

The Produce Guild was formed in 1939 at the start of the war to help people grow more in their gardens.

And the name of the guild formed in 1920 was the Guild of Learners of Handicrafts.

You have, Sally Mabey, 10 points.

APPLAUSE

And our next contender, please.

-And your name is?

-Gareth Kingston.

-Your occupation?

-Marketing manager.

-And your specialist subject?

-The Life And Works Of Augustus Pugin.

Two minutes starting now. Which 16th century manor house in Lancashire

was Pugin's first commission as an independent architect?

He began renovating and extending it in 1837.

-Scarisbrick Hall.

-Yes. What is the one-word title of the book he published in 1836,

arguing the merits of gothic architecture and Catholic faith.

-Contrasts.

-Yes. Which feature of his original design for Scarisbrick Hall

became part of the Palace of Westminster?

-Clock tower.

-Yes. In 1833, who became his second wife

and the following year gave birth to his eldest son and heir, Edward?

-Louisa Barton.

-Yes. Who were the ceramics company

that Pugin used extensively for the production of encaustic flooring tiles?

His works include the floors in the Palace of Westminster.

-Minton.

-Yes. In which Irish town is the imposing St Mary's Cathedral,

begun in 1842 and designed by Pugin using a cruciform plan?

-Killarney.

-Yes. What style of architecture did he use

when he designed the Church of St James in Reading

in the grounds of a ruined abbey saying it was "best suiting the situation"?

-Early English Gothic.

-Norman. In 1835, Pugin was employed by two architects

to help in the competition to design the new Houses of Parliament,

the winner, Charles Barry, and which other?

-Gillespie Graham.

-Yes. Pugin's only pupil moved into his house

in Ramsgate in 1845. What was his name?

-John Hardman Powell.

-Yes. What internal feature of church architecture,

first included in his design for St Alban's, Macclesfield,

was considered essential by Pugin but disapproved of by prominent Catholics?

-Rood screen.

-Yes. The Church of St Augustine in Ramsgate

was designed and built at Pugin's own expense.

What local stone was used for exterior walls?

-Flint.

-Yes. What was the aristocratic title of John Talbot,

who became Pugin's chief patron after Pugin began working on

his ancestral home of Alton Towers?

-16th Earl of Shrewsbury.

-Yes. In 1843 he had his first major setback

when designs for rebuilding part of an Oxford college were rejected

because he was Catholic. Which college?

-Balliol.

-Yes. Pugin took part in the Great Exhibition of 1851.

What name was given to his display area,

showcasing his designs and the work of his regular craftsmen?

-Medieval Court.

-Correct. Who was the craftsman builder

who from 1838 until Pugin's death was one of his most trusted collaborators?

-Myers.

-George Myers is correct. No passes.

Gareth Kingston, you have 14 points.

APPLAUSE

And our final contender, please.

-And your name is?

-Chris Wills.

-Your occupation?

-Masters student.

-And your specialist subject?

-Wimbledon singles since 1990.

Two minutes. What's the nationality of Lleyton Hewitt, the only player

from outside America or Europe to win a Wimbledon men's singles title since 1990?

-Australian.

-Yes. Who was the ladies' number one seed at Wimbledon in 2011

despite never having won a grand slam trophy?

-Caroline Wozniacki.

-Yes. On the first Monday in 2009,

the Duke of Kent opened which new court

before the match between Laura Robson and Daniela Hantuchova?

-Court number three.

-Number two.

Who did Martina Navratilova defeat in the 1990 final

for her record-breaking ninth singles title?

-Zina Garrison.

-Correct. Which unseeded player did Andre Agassi beat

in the 1992 semi-final before winning the final?

-John McEnroe.

-Yes. Which Belgian brothers met in the first round in 2002,

the younger, Olivier, winning the match?

-Rochus.

-Yes. Tim Henman played in four Wimbledon singles semi-finals

including one in which he lost a five-set match

despite having won the third set six games to love. Who was his opponent?

-Goran Ivanisevic.

-Yes. Who won the 1991 men's singles

in a final in which both players were from the same country?

-Michael Stich.

-Yes. In 1997 at the age of 16 years and 278 days,

who became the youngest winner of the ladies' singles title in the 20th century?

-Martina Hingis.

-Yes. The first time the Centre Court roof

was closed for play was in 2009 during whose match against Dinara Safina?

-Erm... Venus Williams.

-No, Mauresmo.

What number seed was Venus Williams when she became the lowest seeded woman

to win the Wimbledon singles title in 2007?

-23.

-Yes. In 1994, the defending champion and number one seed Steffi Graf

lost in the first round to which player, who reached the semi-finals?

-Lori McNeil.

-Correct. Pete Sampras won every final from 1993 to 2000

except in 1996 when he was beaten in the quarter-finals by which player?

-Richard Krajicek.

-Yes. In 2011, to whom did the defending champion,

Serena Williams, lose in the fourth round,

after which Williams slumped 150 places in the world rankings to 175th.

-Marion Bartoli.

-Correct. What was the final score in the final set

of the longest match in lawn tennis history in which John Isner

beat Nicolas Mahut after 11 hours and five minutes play in 2010?

-70 games to 68.

-It was indeed. And what a match it was.

Chris Wills, no passes, you have 13 points.

APPLAUSE

So, that's the end of a very close first round. Let's look at the scores.

Fourth place, 10 points, Sally Mabey.

Third place, 11 points, Geoffrey Snape.

Second place, 13 points, Chris Wills.

in the lead, just, 14 points, Gareth Kingston.

APPLAUSE

Round Two now. General knowledge.

If there's a tie at the end, then the number of passes is taken into account

and the person with the fewer passes is the winner.

If they're tied on passes, as well, there'll be a tiebreak.

And the six highest-scoring runners-up will also claim a place in the semi-finals.

So all to play for. Let's get on with it and ask Sally Mabey to join us again, please.

And you start with 10 points from yours knowledge of the WI.

Let's see how you do with two and a half minutes of general knowledge.

In which Shakespeare play have Prospero and his daughter Miranda

been living on a lonely island for 12 years?

-The Tempest.

-Yes. In which sport does a small black ball have a coloured dot on it

to indicate its speed and bounce?

-Squash.

-Yes. Whose diary was saved for posterity,

partly by the actions of Miep Gies, who died in January 2010 ages 100?

-Anne Frank.

-Yes. In which medical drama series

was Janet played by Barbara Mullen, the housekeeper at Arden House?

-Dr Finlay's Casebook.

-Yes. James Lomax-Simpson, chief architect for Lever Brothers,

was responsible for development in which model village on the Wirral?

-Leverhulme.

-Port Sunlight. What name is given to a series of European wars

-that broke out in 1618 as a religious conflict in Bohemia?

-Pass.

Which singer/songwriter had his biggest UK hit

with Carole King's You've Got A Friend in 1971?

-Pass.

-In which Essex town does the oyster season begin with the mayor

dredging the first oyster and toasting the monarch with gin and gingerbread?

-Whitstable.

-Colchester. Who starred as Robert Langdon,

a professor of symbology, in the film version of The Da Vinci Code?

-Pass.

-Which Archbishop of Canterbury,

who won the military cross in the Second World War,

upset Mrs Thatcher when he preached reconciliation

at the service in St Paul's after the Falklands conflict?

-Robert Runcie.

-Yes. Which of Wagner's operas was described as,

"the kind of opera that starts at six o'clock.

"After it's been going for three hours, you look at your watch and it says 6:20"?

-Tannhauser.

-Parsifal. A Martha Gunn is the female equivalent

of what piece of pottery?

-Toby jug.

-Yes. Which stately home was built on land

by the River Derwent in Derbyshire bought by Sir William Cavendish in 1549?

-Chatsworth.

-Yes. Which small game bird is often roasted

wrapped in vine leaves and bacon and lays eggs widely sold as a delicacy?

-Quail.

-Yes. In the stories by Arthur Conan Doyle, what is the name

of Sherlock Holmes' older brother who holds a position in the government?

-Mycroft.

-Yes. The painting of Reverend Robert Walker skating on Duddingston Loch,

The Skating Minister, is usually attributed to which Scottish artist?

-Pass.

-Which country has land borders with Colombia to the north

and Peru to the east and south?

-Venezuela.

-Ecuador. What name is given to the two instances each year

when the sun is exactly above the equator, making night and day equal in length?

-Equinox.

-Yes. The East German secret police force was generally known by what name?

-Pass.

-The order Acarina comprises ticks

and which other small arthropods whose name means anything very tiny?

-Lice?

-Mites.

The little mite, and all that.

You have five passes. The East German secret police force are known as the Stasi.

It was Sir Henry Raeburn who painted the Reverend Robert Walker skating on Duddingston Loch.

Tom Hanks starred as Robert Langdon in the film version of The Da Vinci Code.

James Taylor had his biggest UK hit with You've Got A Friend.

And that name given to the European wars that broke out in 1618

was the Thirty Years' War.

I suppose they couldn't very well call it that at the time cos they didn't know how long...

Anyway, there we are. Five passes. Sally Mabey, 20 points.

APPLAUSE

And now Geoffrey Snape again, please.

And you begin with 11 points with your knowledge of New York.

Let's test your general knowledge. Here we go.

What name of German origin is given to singing or warbling

with changes from the normal voice to the falsetto?

-Yodelling.

-Yes. Which dish usually made from sheep's offal

and now associated with Scotland was popular in England until the 1700s.

-Haggis.

-Yes. Which footballer, now an actor, started his career at Auxerre

where he was fined for giving his goalkeeper a black eye?

-Pass.

-Who co-starred as the trucker Philo Beddoe

with an orangutan called Clyde in the 1978 film Every Which Way But Loose?

-Pass.

-Which soldier and statesman married Elizabeth Bourchier,

the daughter of a City of London trader, in August 1620?

-Pass.

-Which lake is the largest in Italy

and third largest in the Alpine region behind Lakes Constance and Geneva?

-Como.

-Garda. What is the usual name of the small area of public land

almost opposite the Houses of Parliament where politicians are often interviewed?

-Westminster Green.

-College Green.

The sackbut is an early form of which brass instrument

which retains the original slide mechanism?

-Trombone.

-Yes. Which Catalan artist born in 1893,

who was one of the foremost exponents of abstract art, took up ceramics in the 1940s?

-Dali.

-Miro. The term for what type of supporting structure

sometimes used to carry power lines originally referred to

any monumental gateway, especially of an Egyptian temple?

-Pylon.

-Yes. Which former Romanian leader and his wife

were executed on Christmas Day 1989

after being convicted of mass murder by a military tribunal?

-Ceausescu.

-Yes. Which Latin term is used to describe

the period of time between two reigns when the throne is unoccupied?

-Interregnum.

-Yes. Who presented the BBC2 television series'

A History Of Ancient Britain and A History Of Celtic Britain?

-Pass.

-The chacma is one of the biggest species of which large,

often aggressive monkeys characterised by their elongated dog-like snouts?

-Pass.

-Which popular poet who won Opportunity Knocks in 1975

has released volumes of poetry called Surgically Enhanced and With These Hands?

-Ian McMillan.

-Pam Ayres.

A diaphoretic is a medicine that induces what bodily function?

-Er, vomiting.

-Sweating.

Lyndon B Johnson's wife Claudia was known by what nickname?

-Lady Bird.

-Yes. Which guitarist replaced Mick Taylor

in the Rolling Stones in 1975 when they toured?

-He later became a permanent member of the group.

-Pass.

In June 2008, the International Astronomical Union

created a new category for dwarf planets

that are further from the sun than Neptune.

-After which former planet is the category named?

-BEEP

-Pluto.

-Is correct.

You had six passes. Ronnie Wood was the guitarist who replaced Mick Taylor.

The chacma is a baboon of sorts.

Neil Oliver presented A History Of Ancient Britain.

Oliver Cromwell married Elizabeth Bourchier. Clint Eastwood co-starred as Philo Beddoe.

And the footballer who gave his goalkeeper a black eye was Eric Cantona.

You have, Geoffrey Snape, 19 points.

APPLAUSE

And now Chris Wills, please.

You have 13 points with your Wimbledon knowledge. Two and a half minutes of general knowledge.

A type of brimless red felt hat in the shape of a truncated cone

is named after which Moroccan city where they were originally made?

-Fez.

-Yes. In the Bible, Samson's strength

was attributed to which part of his body?

-Hair.

-Yes. Who invented jeans in the mid-19th century

as durable work clothes reinforced with small copper rivets?

-Denim.

-Strauss. Which king led the English to victory

over the French at the Battle of Agincourt?

-Henry V.

-Yes. The 2010 Nobel Prize for Physics

was won by two Manchester University researchers

for work on graphene, a flat sheet of which element just one atom thick?

-Carbon.

-Yes. Which folk singer won

the Best British Female Solo Artist award at the 2011 Brits?

-Eliza Carthy.

-Laura Marling.

Who scored 766 runs during the 2010/11 Ashes series in Australia,

the second best total by any English batsman in a test series?

-Andrew Strauss.

-Alastair Cook.

Which religious philosopher, born in Copenhagen in May 1813,

became a major influence on Existentialism and Protestant theology?

-Niels Bohr.

-No, Kierkegaard. The name of what type of railway

where the carriages are generally pulled uphill by a cable

comes from the Latin for little rope?

-Funicular.

-Yes. Malcolm Williamson, who once worked as a nightclub pianist,

was the first non-British holder of which musical post?

-Master of the Queen's Music.

-Yes. Which 1998 film stars Jim Carrey

as an insurance agent who has unknowingly lived his life in a television studio?

-The Truman Show.

-Yes. In heraldry, what name is given to an X-shaped cross

usually occupying an entire field?

-Saltire.

-Yes. The Gulfs of Finland and Riga are inlets off which sea?

-Baltic.

-Yes. Which rare squirrel-like primate

found only in Madagascar has unusually long fingers,

especially the middle one, that's used to pull insects out of the bark of trees?

-Lemur.

-The aye-aye. What name was given to the telephone line

for motorists to complain about roadworks

-introduced as part of John Major's Citizen's Charter?

-Pass.

Who sang I Know Him So Well with Peter Kay for Comic Relief in March 2011?

-Susan Boyle.

-Yes.

Which American crime writer was influenced by

the murder of his mother in 1958, a crime that was never solved?

-Erm, Stephen King.

-James Ellroy. In butcher's shops, what name is given to

the cheaper meat of lamb or mutton cut first from the best end of the neck?

-Scrag end.

-Yes. In his Man And Superman,

George Bernard Shaw claims every man over 40 is a what?

-Failure.

-A scoundrel. The trademark of which film studios formed in 1928

was a radio tower on top of the Earth transmitting signals?

-RKO.

-Yes. Which Russian coin is worth 100th of a ruble?

-Kopek.

-Yes. What name is given to the stick with a padded ball at one end,

sometimes called a rest stick, used by painters to steady the brush hand?

-A maulstick.

-Correct. You had just one pass.

The telephone line John Major introduced,

didn't succeed brilliantly well I think it's fair to say, it's the cones hotline.

You have, Chris Wills, 27 points.

APPLAUSE

And finally, Gareth Kingston, please.

Right. You have 14 points and the score to beat is 27, which is a pretty chunky one.

Two and a half minutes of general knowledge starting now.

What kind of offal is combined with steak

for a traditionally British pie or pudding?

-Kidney.

-Yes. What season does Keats describe as

"a season of mists and mellow fruitfulness"?

-Autumn.

-Yes. Which city is the title of a song by Freddie Mercury

and Montserrat Caballe for the 1992 Summer Olympics?

-Barcelona.

-Yes. On social networking site Twitter, what name is given to

the symbol used before a word or phrase to mark key items?

-Hash tag.

-Yes. The first satisfactory fully-automatic recoil-operated machine gun

developed in around 1884 is named after its inventor,

working in England at the time. Who was he?

-Gatling.

-Maxim. Which footballer scored a record 260 Premier League goals

during his career with Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United?

-Shearer.

-Yes. What's the usual term originating in America

for a spirit, especially whisky, served undiluted over ice cubes?

-Liquor.

-On the rocks. In November 1934, which British steam locomotive

was claimed to be the first to reach a speed of 100 miles an hour?

-Mallard.

-Flying Scotsman. Which conductor, whose family made its fortune from pills,

who was born in St Helens in 1879, was noted for his pointed beard and sharp wit?

-Bliss.

-Beecham. What is the title of Frank McCourt's

bestselling autobiography about his impoverished upbringing in Limerick?

-Angela's Ashes.

-Correct. Which South Midlands county

is known as the county of squires and spires

because of its country mansions and churches?

-Staffordshire.

-Northamptonshire. Which painting by Velazquez of 1635

shows the symbolic handing over of the keys of a Dutch city

to the victorious Spanish army?

-Cadiz.

-The Surrender of Breda. What is the meaning of Scottorum Malleus

part of the inscription on Edward I's tomb in Westminster Abbey?

-Hammer of the Scots.

-Yes. In Spike Lee's 1992 film, Denzel Washington portrayed

which black activist politician, earning an Oscar nomination?

-Malcolm X.

-Yes. In Greek legend,

who swam the Hellespont at night to meet his lover, the priestess Hero?

-Narcissus.

-Leander. Which former NHS doctor

won the 1992 Perrier Comedy Award for Best Newcomer at the Edinburgh Festival?

-Harry Hill.

-Yes. Who resigned as David Cameron's communications director

in January 2011 in the wake of the phone hacking controversy

involving the newspaper he formally edited?

-Coulson.

-Yes. Which small South Atlantic island group, a dependency of St Helena,

is named after the Portuguese sailor who discovered it in 1506?

-Galapagos Islands.

-Tristan da Cunha.

In a standard three-pin electrical plug, two of the pins connect to

live and earth wires. What should the third connect to?

-Neutral.

-Yes. Which 19th century French acrobat

often varied his act of crossing Niagara Falls on a tightrope

by doing it blindfold or with a man on his back?

-Blondin.

-Yes. In the NATO phonetic alphabet, what is the letter P?

-BEEP Papa.

-Papa is correct.

No passes. That was an important point. Gareth Kingston, you have 27 points.

APPLAUSE

Well, very tightly fought at the end there. Let's have a look at those scores.

In fourth place, 19 points, Geoffrey Snape.

Third place, 20 points, Sally Mabey.

Second place, 27 points and one pass, Chris Wills.

First place, 27 points and no passes, Gareth Kingston.

APPLAUSE

Which means that Gareth Kingston is tonight's winner by a nose

and he goes through to the semi-finals. Congratulations to him.

Commiserations to Chris Wills, but with a score of 27, it's entirely possible

that we will see him, as well, in the semi-finals.

So, if you would like play an online version of Mastermind

or indeed be a contender on the next series,

do go to our website:

And do please join us next time for more Masterminds.

Thanks for watching. Goodbye.

APPLAUSE

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