Episode 20 Mastermind

First in the spotlight tonight, Ruth Green, a retired academic from Staffordshire.

Her subject is the English coast to coast walk.

Next, Phil Short, a project worker from Bangor.

He'll answer questions on the pop music of the '80s.

Danielle Tom, a PhD student from London.

Her subject, the satirical works of the 18th century artist William Hogarth.

And David Love, a financial planner from Wolverhampton.

His subject, the English composer Ralph Vaughan Williams.

Hello and welcome to Mastermind with me, John Humphrys.

Four more contenders are about to take television's ultimate test of nerves and knowledge.

In the famous black chair, they will answer two minutes of questions on their specialist subject

and then 2.5 minutes on general knowledge.

The winner goes through to the semifinals,

and takes a step closer to owning the great glass bowl.

But the real prize, the honour of becoming the nation's Mastermind.

So let's ask our first contender to join us, please.

And your name is?

Your occupation?

And your specialist subject?

Coast to coast walk in two minutes.

The walk devised by Alfred Wainwright in the early 1970s

runs for over 190 miles from St Bees in Cumbria

to which village on the North Sea coast?

Robin Hood's Bay.

Travelling west to east, it ascends its first summit

after leaving the village of Cleator.

-What is the name of this fell?

-Dent.

The route passes a ruined farmhouse

built for Lord Wharton's gamekeeper.

It stands above the confluence of Swinner Gill and the River Swale.

-What's the house called?

-Crackpot Hall.

By what name are the rock outcrops on the summit of Helm Crag popularly known

because of their shape viewed from below?

The lion and the lamb.

The monument at Black Dub commemorates King Charles II

and his army, drinking from a beck on their march from Scotland in 1651.

-What's the name of the beck?

-Pass.

After Ingleby Cross, the route is shared

by the Cleveland Way and which long-distance path

associated with coffin-carrying across the North York Moors?

The Lyke Wake Walk.

White Cross on Danby High Moor is known by what name

-because of its ungainly appearance?

-Fat Betty.

Which former shepherd's bothy at the head of Ennerdale

did Wainwright call the loneliest youth hostel?

Black Sail Hut.

What's the name of the footbridge over the River Eden

by which the route leaves Kirkby Stephen?

Frank's Bridge.

The cairns on a rigg near Hartley were built,

according to legend, to convince marauding Scots an English army was there.

-What's the rigg called?

-Nine Standards Rigg.

What's the name of the dismantled branch of railway

the route follows around the northern end of Farndale?

The Rosedale Ironstone Railway.

Between Grasmere and Patterdale there are two alternative routes,

one via Helvellyn and Striding Edge, the other across which crag?

St Sunday Crag.

Shap Abbey stands on the banks of which river?

The Lowther.

The halfway point's reached at which village in upper Swaledale

-where, Wainwright said, "Always there is the music of the river"?

-Keld.

The ravines the route passes near Gunnerside Gill

were created by the release of dammed water to remove topsoil

and expose minerals for mining.

-What local term is used for them?

-Hush.

What's the name of the boulders and pinnacles

popular with rock climbers on Hasty Bank before the route goes to Clay Bank Top?

-The Wainstones.

-Correct.

You had one pass.

That monument at Black Dub that commemorates King Charles.

-The name of the beck is Lyvennet.

-Yes.

-And that was your only slight falter, because you have a total of 15 points.

-Thank you.

Our next contender, please.

And your name is?

Your occupation?

And your chosen subject?

In two minutes.

Huey Lewis And The News, Jennifer Rush and Frankie Goes To Hollywood

all used the same song title.

-What was it?

-Power Of Love.

After the break up of The Jam,

what was the band Paul Weller formed with keyboard player Mick Talbot?

Style Council.

Before topping the charts with All Around The World in '89,

Lisa Stansfield featured on which group's top 20 hit,

-People Hold On, in the same year?

-Coldcut.

Despite being the bestselling album ever,

only one song on Michael Jackson's Thriller

reached the top of the UK charts.

-What was its title?

-Billie Jean.

Rose McDowall and Jill Bryson formed which duo

whose biggest hit was Since Yesterday in 1984?

Strawberry Switchblade.

The last of ABBA's hits to make the top five

before they split, entered the UK chart in December '81.

-What was its title?

-Super Trooper.

-No, One Of Us.

Under what stage name, that she found in the Edinburgh phone directory,

did the Gaelic folk singer Mary Sandeman release her 1981 chart topper Japanese Boy?

-Aneka.

-Yes. Which punk and new wave band,

whose drummer used the stage name Jet Black,

had 12 top 40 UK hit singles in the '80s?

-Stranglers.

-Yes.

Cliff Richard and the Young Ones reached the top of the singles chart in 1986

with a new version of which song that had given Cliff his first number one in 1959?

-Living Doll.

-Yes.

What surname was shared by all the members of Five Star

who topped the album chart with Silk And Steel in '86?

Pearson.

What was the title of Madonna's first UK number one single in '85?

The song featured in the film Desperately Seeking Susan.

Into The Groove.

Which single by Paul Hardcastle that reached number 19

in the UK charts in '85 features the voices of Laurence Olivier and Bob Hoskins?

-The Wizard?

-No, Just For Money.

In the '80s, Aretha Franklin had hits

with George Benson, the Eurythmics and Elton John.

Which other artist did she have her biggest hit with, in '87?

George Michael.

Which band, who topped the UK singles chart in 87,

were named after a Star Trek character from Mr Spock's home planet Vulcan?

-T'Pau.

-On which record label were the first Wham! singles

and the album Fantastic released before the band signed to Epic?

BEEP

-EMI?

-No, Inner Vision.

You have no passes, Phil Short. You have 12 points.

APPLAUSE

And our next contender, please.

And your name is?

And your occupation?

And your chosen subject?

Hogarth in two minutes.

Hogarth's first satirical print on a contemporary theme

was published in 1721, and refers to which financial scandal?

-The South Sea bubble.

-What's the alternative title of the painting

The Gate Of Calais where he pokes fun at the French and the Jacobites

after his own trip across the Channel in 1748?

O, The Roast Beef Of Old England.

"Morning" from The Four Times Of Day is set in which district of London?

-Covent Garden.

-Which engraving, published in 1751,

was Hogarth's response to the report

-"An Enquiry Into The Causes Of The Late Increase Of Robbers?"

-Gin Lane?

In the last scene of the 1751 series Four Stages Of Cruelty,

what happens to Tom Nero's heart after his execution?

It's eaten by a dog.

Which mock heroic poem by Samuel Butler

was illustrated by Hogarth in 12 plates and published in 1726?

-Hudibras.

-Yes.

What was the subject of the act of Parliament supported by Hogarth

that caused him to delay publication of his Rake's Progress

until it became law in June of 1735?

-Copyright.

-In the general election campaign of 1754,

which county was the inspiration for paintings

highlighting bribery and corruption in politics?

-Oxfordshire.

-Which series of six prints did Hogarth

first advertise to the London public in 1743,

proclaiming they would be engraved by the best Masters in Paris?

Marriage a-la-Mode.

How many paintings make up A Rake's Progress?

-Six.

-Eight. Which musical play inspired him

to paint a number of versions of the final scene between 1728 and 31?

-A Beggar's Opera.

-Yes. What a title did Hogarth give the 1763 reworked engraving

of his Self-Portrait With Pug

when he replaced his own image with that of a beer-swilling bear?

Pass.

Whom did Hogarth ask to produce cheaper woodcuts

of The Four Stages Of Cruelty because he wanted the poor to purchase them?

-George Virtue?

-John Bell.

In 1747, he published a series of 12 engravings in a style

appealing to apprentices to give them moral guidance.

-By what title is the series known?

-Industry And Idleness.

What's the companion print to Gin Lane which shows

a contrasting London, declaring "All is joyous and thriving industry?"

Beer Street.

In plate one of Hogarth's 1762 engraving of the times,

the firefighter depicted putting out the flames of conflict is said

to be either the King or which politician?

-Lord Bute.

-Indeed, the Earl of Bute.

You had one pass.

The title that he gave to that reworked engraving was The Bruiser.

You have, Danielle Thom, 13 points.

APPLAUSE

And our final contender, please.

And your name is?

Your occupation?

And your specialist subject?

Ralph Vaughan Williams, starting now.

In which Gloucestershire village was Vaughan Williams born on 12 October 1872?

-Down Ampney.

-Yes.

Which piece inspired by George Meredith's poem was written in 1914

but revised and received its first London performance in 1921?

-The Lark Ascending.

-Yes.

What was the name of Williams' aunt

who gave him music lessons?

-Sophie.

-Yes.

Which of his compositions was performed at Charterhouse

when he was at school there in August 1888?

-A piano trio.

-Yes. In G major.

Vaughan Williams went to Trinity College, Cambridge,

gaining a doctorate in music and a degree in what other subject?

-History.

-Yes.

Where was the first performance of

the Fantasia On A Theme of Thomas Tallis in September 1910?

Gloucester Cathedral.

He started at the Royal College of Music in 1890,

and studied composition with whom, the composer of Jerusalem?

-Hubert Parry.

-Yes.

He composed five variants of an English folk song between 1938 and 1939.

What was the name of the song?

-Dives And Lazarus.

-Yes.

Which popular song composed by Vaughan Williams

that begins "Within the woodlands flow'ry gladed"

was probably first performed at Hooton Roberts

near Rotherham in September 1902?

-Linden Lea.

-Yes.

What was the name of the shepherd whose singing of a song

called Bushes And Briers at Ingrave in Essex in December 1903

was a breakthrough moment for Williams?

-Charles Potiphar.

-Yes.

At the Royal College of Music he met which other composer

with whom he became a lifelong friend?

-Gustav Holst.

-Correct.

Williams was the musical editor of which book first published in 1906?

It went on to sell over five million copies in the next 50 years.

-The English Hymnal.

-Yes.

In 1905, his sister Margaret founded a festival

in which Vaughan Williams conducted village choirs

for the rest of his life. What was it called?

-The Leith Hill Festival.

-Yes.

In 1914, at the age of nearly 42 he enlisted

as a private in which Army Corps?

-The Royal Army Medical Corps.

-Yes.

For which 1948 film did Vaughan Williams compose the music,

later using it as the basis of his Seventh Symphony?

-Scott Of The Antarctic.

-Yes.

Which coastal town did he visit on the 9th and 10th January 1905

where he collected songs such as The Captain's Apprentice

-and A Bold Young Sailor...

-BEEP

..that inspired his first Norfolk Rhapsody?

-King's Lynn.

-Is correct. No passes.

A perfect round. 16 points.

APPLAUSE

Well, what a cracking first round. Let's have a look at the scores.

In fourth place, 12 points, Phil Short.

Third place, 13 points, Danielle Thom.

Second place, 15 points, Ruth Green. In the lead, 16 points, David Love.

Which takes us to the General Knowledge Round now.

And if there's a tie at the end of it,

then the number of passes is taken into account

and the contender with the fewer passes is the winner.

And if they're tied on passes as well, there will be a tie-break.

The six highest scoring runners-up will also claim a place

in the semi-finals.

So, let's get on with it and ask Phil Short to join us again, please.

And you got a very strong 12 points

with your knowledge of Pop Music of the '80s.

Let's see how you do with your General Knowledge.

Two and a half minutes starting now.

Which town is the home of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club

regarded as golf's ruling body?

-St Andrews.

-Yes.

What name meaning sent out was given to

each of the 12 disciples who were closest to Jesus?

-Pass.

-Which secret agent created by another author

is the hero of Jeffery Deaver's 2011 novel Carte Blanche?

-James Bond.

-Yes.

What kind of song is a berceuse,

the name comes from the French for to rock or to cradle?

-Lullaby.

-Yes.

In some Native American mythologies which wolf-like mammal

of the North American plains was the chief animal of the age before humans?

-Sasquatch.

-Coyote.

What name is given to a very low resistance path

in an electrical circuit that can cause damage through excessive currents?

-Line of resistance.

-Short circuit.

Which American army general commanded forces

that liberated Kuwait in the 1991 Gulf War?

Norman Schwarzkopf.

Which character played by George Cole used the catchphrase,

"A nice little earner" and "'Er indoors"?

-Arthur Daley.

-Yes.

What's the patriotic hymn with words by Cecil Spring-Rice

and music from the movement Jupiter in Holst's Planets Suite?

-Battle Hymn Of The Republic.

-I Vow To Thee, My Country.

Which English football club founded in 1862 claims to be

the world's oldest surviving professional football league club?

-Notts County.

-Yes.

Which South American republic gets its name from an Italian city

because explorers who arrived there saw Indian villages

on stilts over water?

-Venezuela.

-Yes.

Following the establishment of the Tate Modern

on the South Bank,

the original Tate gallery at Millbank changed its name.

What's it now known as?

-National.

-No, Tate Britain.

Which breed of cattle is named after the former county

in south-west Scotland where it originated?

-Angus.

-Ayrshire.

Which former lawyer, now a writer of legal thrillers,

served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1983-1990?

-John Grisham.

-Yes.

What statutory days of rest were introduced by an act of Parliament of 1871?

-Bank holidays.

-Yes.

Which 2001 cult film stars Jake Gyllenhaal

as an introverted student who has visions of a rabbit

who tells him the end of the world is nigh?

-Donnie Darko.

-Yes.

In 1974, Barbara Edwards became the first woman to present

what type of broadcast on BBC television?

-Colour.

-The weather forecast.

Which bloodthirsty play by the Jacobean dramatist

John Webster features the wicked Vittoria Corombona as the title character?

Pass.

On which Welsh bay are the village of Mumbles

and the headland that it's named after?

-Gower.

-Swansea.

In May 2011, a rose was unveiled at the Chelsea Flower Show

bearing the name of which place of worship whose own Rose Window

-was extensively damaged in 1984?

-BEEP

-York Minster.

-Is correct. You had two passes.

That bloodthirsty play by John Webster

featuring the wicked Vittoria was called The White Devil.

And when Jesus sent out his disciples they were apostles.

Two passes. Phil Short, you have 23 points.

And now, Danielle Thom again, please.

And you start out with 13 points

with your knowledge of William Hogarth.

Let's see how you get on with General Knowledge.

What was the name of the policy of separation of the races

practised in South Africa from 1948 until the early '90s?

-Apartheid.

-Yes.

Which of the performing arts provide the setting

for the 2010 psychological thriller film Black Swan?

-Ballet.

-Yes.

What Greek word's used for a pastry

consisting of many thin layers, brushed with melted butter?

-Baklava.

-Filo.

Who visited the Irish village of Moneygall in May 2011

in search of ancestors, and joked that the apostrophe

in his surname had been lost over the years?

Pass.

In 1488, which Portuguese navigator led the first European expedition

to round the Cape of Good Hope?

-Vasco da Gama.

-No, Dias.

In a hit TV series, which New Jersey mafia boss

was played by James Gandolfini?

-The Sopranos.

-Yes.

In Hindu mythology, what animal is Kamadhenu who grants wishes and desires?

-A monkey.

-Cow.

Which town where Osama Bin Laden was living

until his death is named after a 19th-century British officer

who lived there and wrote a poem about it?

-Sir Richard Burton.

-Abbottabad.

In which indoor sport is the playing surface divided into three areas

known as the defending, neutral and attacking zones?

-American football.

-Ice hockey.

Ben Drew who won three awards at the 2011 Ivor Novello ceremony

is better known by what name?

Pass.

Which Dorset resort features in Jane Austen's Persuasion

and is the setting for John Fowles's novel The French Lieutenant's Woman?

-Lyme Regis.

-Yes.

Which large nut, grows in the Seychelles, gets its name

because it was found floating in the Indian Ocean

before the palm producing it was known?

-Coconut.

-Coco de mer.

What male pseudonym was adopted by the 19th-century French novelist

born Amantine Aurore Lucile Dupin

who was noted for her affair with Chopin?

-George Sand.

-Yes.

Satsuma, a cream-coloured decorated pottery,

is made in which country?

-Japan.

-Yes.

Which anonymous street artist was nominated for an Oscar in January 2011

for his documentary Exit Through The Gift Shop?

-Banksy.

-Yes.

In electronic technology, what do the initials LCD stand for?

-Light control display.

-Liquid crystal display.

Which novel written by Roald Dahl features Aunt Sponge

and Aunt Spiker and a group of insects?

James And The Giant Peach.

Which American state is known as the Green Mountain State?

-Montana.

-Vermont.

In cinematography, what term is used for the strip

on the margin of the film that carries all the audio content of the film?

Pass.

In which opera by Pietro Mascagni is the Easter Hymn sung?

Pass.

Which pioneer of make-ups, specifically designed for screen actors,

-was born in Lodz in 1877?

-BEEP

-Max Factor.

-Max Factor is correct.

You had four passes. That opera by Mascagni is Cavalleria Rusticana.

The term used for that strip down the side of the film,

it's soundtrack.

That's all. I know.

Ben Drew is better known as Plan B.

And that bloke who visited Moneygall in May 2011

in search of his ancestors was somebody called Obama.

Four passes. Danielle Thom, you have 22 points.

And now, Ruth Green again, please.

And you start this round with 15 points.

Let's see how you get on with your General Knowledge. Here we go.

Two and a half minutes starting now. In rowing,

whose duties include steering the boat

and issuing instructions to the crew?

-The cox.

-Yes.

The characters in which musical include Juan Peron and Che

who was played by David Essex in the original stage version?

-Evita.

-Yes.

What name is given to the clear jelly used to coat foods

-such as cold meat or fish?

-Aspic.

-Yes.

Which story by Charles Perrault was first published in the late 1690s

under the title La Belle Au Bois Dormant?

Pass.

Which early symphony by Gustav Holst containing an elegy

for William Morris as its slow movement is named after

a range of hills near Cheltenham?

-The Cotswolds.

-Yes.

What name is given to the corridors entered

from each side of the Speaker's chair

through which MPs pass to register votes?

Pass.

Which flowering shrubs are named after a 16th-century German botanist

and give their name to a reddish-purple colour seen in the blooms of some species?

-Wisteria.

-Fuchsia.

The McDonalds were the central characters of which TV series

loosely based on the Highland novels of Sir Compton Mackenzie?

Pass.

In horseracing, what race makes up the Triple Crown

with the Belmont Stakes and the Preakness Stakes?

-Kentucky Derby.

-Yes.

Which English painter and rival of Gainsborough

became the first president of the Royal Academy in 1768?

-Reynolds.

-Yes.

Which major French city port was founded in around 600 BC

by Greek traders from Asia Minor?

-Marseille.

-Yes.

What name is given to the cells distributed

over the surface of the tongue that give information about flavours?

-Taste buds.

-Yes. Sir Julian Huxley

and Sir Peter Scott were leading lights in the founding

of which international conservation body, now known by its initials, in 1961?

-RSPB.

-No, WWF.

Which carol is sung as the traditional dish is carried in

before Christmas at Queen's College, Oxford?

It's one of the oldest English carols.

-St David's City.

-No, The Boar's Head Carol.

In the referendum of May 2011,

a proposal to introduce a different system of voting in British general elections

was defeated by a majority. What was the system?

-Proportional Representation.

-Alternative Vote.

Which poem by Keats opens with:

"Oh, what can ail thee, knight-at-arms, Alone and paling loitering?"

-Lady Of Shalott.

-La Belle Dame Sans Merci.

Which stadium that opened in 1999 stands on land reclaimed

from the River Taff and given by the Marquis of Bute

to the city of Cardiff for recreational purposes in 1803?

-Millennium Stadium.

-In the Roman Catholic Church,

what title's given to one at the completion

of the first stage towards canonisation?

-BEEP Pass.

-Well, I can tell you

because your time is up. Venerable.

That's what you become. And your other passes.

The Monarch Of The Glen was that television series

loosely based on Compton Mackenzie's novels.

In Parliament, they pass through, the House of Commons,

they pass through the division lobbies when they go off to vote.

That fairy story by Charles Perrault was The Sleeping Beauty.

Four passes. Ruth Green, you have a total, now, of 24 points.

And finally, David Love again, please.

And you start out with 16 points.

And the score you have to beat with your General Knowledge is 24.

Let's see how you do. Here we go.

Which board game was developed by Charles Darrow, a heating engineer,

who used the names of streets in Atlantic City as part of his design?

-Monopoly.

-Yes.

Which novel features the lawyer Atticus Finch

-and his daughter?

-To Kill A Mockingbird.

What name from the French for spindle-shaped is given

to the main body of an aircraft?

-Fuselage.

-Yes.

Jack Slipper was famous for his pursuit of which escaped criminal?

-Ronald Biggs.

-Yes.

Which 16th-century Venetian artist

who's thought to have trained under Titian

was responsible for the vast series of paintings for the Scuola di San Rocco?

-Tintoretto.

-Yes.

What term for a bunch of bananas can also be used

for a bundle of tobacco leaves tied together

or a branched rootstock of ginger?

Pass.

Dijon is the historic capital of which French region

famed for its wine production?

-Burgundy.

-Yes.

Which King of Macedonia first restored order in his own country

before going on to gain ascendancy

over almost the whole of Greece by 338 BC?

-Philip.

-Yes.

What cabinet post did David Miliband hold

from 2007 until the general election in 2010?

-Foreign Secretary.

-Yes.

In March 2011, the amateur jockey Sam Waley-Cohen

riding Long Run won which race in record time?

-The Oaks.

-No, Cheltenham Gold Cup.

Which Cornish resort is named after an Irish princess

who, according to legend, was wafted across the sea from Ireland

on a leaf to land there in about the fifth century?

Um...

-Isolde.

-No, St Ives.

What three-word greeting is associated with the US armed forces

radio DJ Adrian Cronauer?

It is the title of a film about him starring Robin Williams.

Good Morning, Vietnam.

An omelette made with haddock, grated cheese and cream

was created at The Savoy Hotel for which British novelist?

-Arnold Bennett.

-Yes.

In Greek mythology, the Minotaur had the body of a man and the head of a...?

-A bull.

-Yes.

Whose song Sir Duke was a tribute to the jazz musician Duke Ellington?

Pass.

What is the catalogue of celestial objects

that the British amateur astronomer Kenneth Glyn Jones

made a 110th addition to, in 1966?

Pass.

Which Radio 4 horticultural forum

is chaired either by Eric Robson or Peter Gibbs?

Gardeners' Question Time.

Who wrote the sporting verse Vitae Lampada

that ends with the words, "Play up! Play up! And play the game"?

-Newbolt.

-Yes.

In architecture, what term is used for the top course of brickwork

in a wall which usually slopes in order to throw off water?

-Pass.

-In the music hall song...

-BEEP

I'll finish the question.

..written and sung by Will Fyfe which city did he say he belonged to?

-Glasgow.

-He did indeed.

I Belong To Glasgow. Four passes.

-That top course of masonry is the coping.

-Coping.

Coping stone or whatever.

The name of the catalogue of celestial objects

is the Messier catalogue.

Stevie Wonder did Sir Duke, a tribute to Duke Ellington.

And it is a hand of bananas or tobacco leaves or whatever.

Well, don't worry about it because you have a total score,

-now, David Love, of 30 points.

-Thank you.

So, a very clear winner at the end of that game.

Let's have a look at the scores.

In fourth place, 22 points, Danielle Thom.

Third place, 23 points, Phil Short.

Second place, 24 points, Ruth Green.

First place, a big 30 points, David Love.

Which means, of course, that David Love is tonight's winner

and he goes through to the semifinals.

Congratulations to him.

If you would like to play an online version of Mastermind

or, indeed, be a contender on the next series, do go to our website.

And do, please, join us next time for more masterminds.

Thanks for watching, goodbye.

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