Episode 24 Mastermind

First in the spotlight tonight is Peter Gaskell,

a teacher from Caerphilly. His subject, The Grateful Dead.

Next, Terence Saunders, a musician from Essex,

and his subject is the novels of Wilkie Collins.

Lindsay Ashford's a novelist from Aberystwyth and she'll be answering

questions on the history of Bedlam, Bethlem Hospital.

And James Maple, a chemistry teacher from Tring.

His subject, the English Civil Wars.

AUDIENCE APPLAUDS

Hello and welcome to Mastermind with me, John Humphrys.

Tonight's contenders will each make the short

and very daunting walk to the black chair where

they will answer two minutes of questions on their specialist subject

and then two and a half minutes on general knowledge, and the winner

will go through to the next round, the semifinal,

and take a step nearer to being crowned the nation's Mastermind,

an honour so much more precious than mere baubles.

Let's get on with it and ask our first contender to join us, please.

-And your name is?

-Peter Gaskell.

-Your occupation?

-Teacher.

-And your specialist subject.

-The Grateful Dead.

The Grateful Dead, in two minutes. Which singer and founding member of the band suggested the name

-Grateful Dead after finding the words together in a dictionary entry?

-Jerry Garcia.

-Yes.

On which major record label was their first self-titled album released on the 17th of March, 1967?

-Warner Brothers.

-Yes. What name did the band, then consisting of Jerry Garcia, Bob Weir

and Ron McKernan perform under when they played their first

show at the Tangent in Palo Alto on the 25th of January 1964?

-The Warlocks.

-Mother McCree's Uptown Jug Champions.

Which author best known for One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest invited

-the Grateful Dead to be the house band at his drug-fuelled parties?

-Ken Kesey.

-Yes.

What is the name of the band's part-live second album

released in July 1968?

-Anthem of the Sun.

-Yes.

On which small independent label was the band's first single

Don't Ease Me In released in the summer of '66?

Pass.

What music festival did the band play at on the 16th of August, '69,

-a performance they thought of as one of their worst ever?

-Woodstock.

-Yes.

After Brent Mydland's death of a drug overdose,

the Grateful Dead had two stand-in keyboardists.

One was Vince Welnick, who became the permanent replacement.

-Who was the other?

-Bruce Hornsby.

-Yes.

What nickname was given to the original band member Ron McKernan

-because of his unkempt appearance? He died in March '73, aged 27.

-Pigpen.

Yes. The Grateful Dead's early posters and album cover artwork

including their trademark skull and roses motif was created by Stanley Mouse and which other artist?

-Alton Kelley.

-Yes.

Which single from the band's '87 studio album In The Dark,

their first new album for seven years,

-gave them their only American top ten hit single?

-Touch of Grey.

-Yes.

What was the name of the band's manager, the father of their drummer,

-who made off with a record advance of over 150,000?

-Lenny Hart.

-Yes.

At which free concert in December '69 did the Grateful Dead refuse to

go on stage after trouble with the Hells Angels who had been

-hired as security?

-Altamont.

-Yes.

In which country did the Grateful Dead play three open air benefit concerts in September '78?

The last of them coincided with a lunar eclipse. TIMER BEEPS

Egypt. Egypt is correct. You had just one pass.

That small independent label on which they released Don't Ease Me In was

Scorpio Records.

Peter, you scored 12 points. AUDIENCE APPLAUDS

And our next contender, please.

-And your name is?

-Terence Saunders.

-Your occupation?

-Musician.

-And your chosen subject?

-The novels of Wilkie Collins.

The novels of Wilkie Collins, in two minutes.

John Herncastle stole the sacred diamond

known as the Moonstone during the storming of an Indian city in 1799. What was the city?

-Seringapatam.

-Yes. In Armadale, Allan Armadale and Ozias Midwinter spent a night on board

a wrecked ship off the coast of the Isle of Man. What's the ship's name?

-La Grace de Dieu.

-Yes.

In The Woman In White, Count Fosco is at an opera

-when he recognises Professor Pesca. What is the opera?

-Traviata.

Lucrezia Borgia.

In No Name, who is described as having a bilious brown eye on the

lookout for employment and a bilious green eye in a similar predicament?

-Captain Wragge.

-Yes. What is the number of the room in the sanitorium

where Lydia Gwilt is killed by the poison gas she intended for Allan Armadale?

-Nine?

-Four. An ancestor of the central character in The Black Robe

was given Vange Abbey and its lands by Henry VIII.

What was the ancestor's name?

-Romayne.

-Yes, Lewis Romayne.

In Collins' detective story, The Law and the Lady, what verdict was passed

on Eustace Macallan at his trial for the murder of his first wife?

-It's referred to in the novel as the Scotch Verdict.

-Not proven.

-Correct.

In the historical novel, Antonina,

Goisvintha and her child are the only survivors of a massacre of Goth hostages by the Romans.

-In which city did that massacre take place?

-Rome.

-Aquileia.

Which of the characters in The Moonstone is introduced as a grizzled

elderly man, so miserably lean that he looked as

if he'd not got an ounce of flesh on his bones in any part of him?

-Sergeant Cuff.

-Yes.

In The Evil Genius, Mrs Presty suggests the bad temper of the judge

presiding over the divorce of her daughter is probably caused by an illness that she calls

-"a constitutional infirmity." What is it?

-Pass.

What does Franklin Blake find along with a letter in the tin case

-hidden by Rosanna Spearman at the Shivering Sand?

-Some chains.

No, his own nightgown.

In I Say No, what is the name of the landlord of the Hand-in-Hand Inn who

-testifies at the inquest into the death of Emily Brown's father?

-Mr Rook.

-Yes.

Which of Collins' novels is considered to be

an attack on vivisection, which is described by one character

as "useless and detestable cruelty"?

-Heart and Science.

-Yes. Correct. TIMER BEEPS

You had just one pass.

That illness that Mrs Presty calls a constitutional infirmity is gout.

Terence, you have eight points.

And our next contender, please.

-And your name is?

-Lindsay Ashford.

-Your occupation?

-Novelist.

-And your chosen subject?

-The history of Bedlam.

Bedlam, in two minutes. Starting now.

Bethlem or Bethlehem Hospital also became commonly known as Bedlam.

What was the name of the London alderman who founded the priory that

-became Bethlem Hospital in Bishopsgate in 1247?

-Simon Fitzmary.

-Yes.

Which architect and polymath designed the new Bedlam Hospital in Moorfields

that accepted its first patients in 1676?

-Robert Hooke.

-Yes. Who was the physician

who took over as keeper of Bethlem Hospital in 1619?

He was accused of embezzlement and neglect of the patients

-and was dismissed in 1634?

-Helkiah Crooke.

-Yes.

In 1547, Bethlem was granted to the city of London.

Which nearby hospital used as a prison subsequently took over its

management and continued to jointly administer it until 1948?

-Bridewell.

-Yes. A seamstress

who attacked George III with a dessert knife in 1786 was

-committed to Bethlem for life. What was her name?

-Margaret Nicholson.

Yes. What was the name of the periodical published by the satirist

Ned Ward in which he described his visits to the hospital with other

-tourists who paid a penny to look at the patients?

-The London Spy.

Yes. Who were the medical practitioners who were the physicians

at Bethlem Hospital for four generations?

-The first, Dr James, took up his appointment in 1728.

-Monro.

-Yes.

Which major London railway terminus is built on the site of the original Bethlem Hospital?

-Liverpool Street.

-Yes. Which Victorian artist became an inmate

after stabbing his father to death in 1843, convinced he was the devil?

-Richard Dadd.

-Yes. The death of a young woman in Bethlem in 1851

led to the Home Secretary granting permission to the lunacy

commissioners to inspect the hospital. What was her name?

-Hannah Hyson.

-Yes. Which facility that opened in Berkshire in 1863 took over care

-of the criminally insane from the criminal asylum at Bethlem?

-Broadmoor.

-Yes.

James Tilly Matthews was diagnosed with paranoid delusions and committed to Bethlem in 1797.

What did he call the machine that he claimed was being

-used by a gang of villains to control his mind?

-The Air Loom.

-Yes.

In 1930, Bethlem Hospital moved from St George's Fields, Southwark, to Beckenham in Kent.

What institution now occupies the remains of the former hospital building in Southwark?

-The Imperial War Museum.

-Yes. From the mid-1700s, the holder of which post...

TIMER BEEPS ..at Bethlem Hospital made most of the medical decisions

and was responsible for formulating medicines for patients?

-The Apothecary.

-The Apothecary is correct.

Lindsay, no passes. A perfect round. 14 points.

AUDIENCE APPLAUDS

And our last contender please.

-And your name is?

-James Maple.

-Your occupation?

-Chemistry teacher.

-And your chosen subject?

-The English Civil Wars, 1642 to 1651.

The English Civil Wars.

What was the first major battle of the civil wars, fought on the 23rd of October 1642,

two months after Charles I had formally declared

-war on parliament by raising his standard in Nottingham?

-Edgehill.

Yes. Who commanded the parliamentary army at the Battle of Edgehill?

-He was defeated at Lostwithiel in 1644.

-The Earl of Essex.

-Yes.

What act of parliament, passed in 1645, stripped peers

and MPs of their military or naval commands?

-Um, the Self-denying Ordinance.

-Yes.

In which battle of July 1644 did Newcastle's Whitecoats stand their

-ground, allowing other Royalists to flee, but were wiped out as a result?

-Marston Moor.

-Yes.

What was the nickname given to the cavalry regiment

of Sir Arthur Haselrig because of his heavy plate armour?

-Lobsters.

-Yes. What was the name of the governor of Hull

who refused Charles' entry into the city in April 1642 and was proclaimed a traitor by the king?

-He was executed by parliament in 1645.

-Sir John Hotham.

-Yes.

What was the agreement between the English parliament

and the Scottish Covenanters in 1643 by which the Scots would give

military support against the king in return for church reform?

-The Solemn League and Covenant.

-Yes. What was the political movement behind the 1647 manifesto

called "an agreement of the people which advocated religious toleration and electoral reform"?

-The Levellers.

-Yes. Charles I was executed in January 1649.

Which executive body of 41 members was established in February to

-implement domestic and foreign policy?

-The committee of the...

No, pass.

On the 21st of March 1646, where was the last Royalist field army

commanded by Sir Jacob Astley defeated by a parliamentary force?

-Stow-on-Wold.

-Yes.

On 3 December 1651, a Royalist army under the future Charles II was

defeated by Oliver Cromwell in the last major battle of the civil wars.

-What was it called?

-Worcester.

-Yes. Who was the governor of Pembroke

who instigated a rebellion in March 1648 by refusing to hand over the town's castle to

a new model army garrison cos his men were owed back pay by parliament?

-Colonel Poyer.

-Yes.

On the 6th of December 1648, MPs who were willing to continue negotiations

with the king were excluded from the Commons.

TIMER BEEPS What name was given to this action after the army colonel

-who carried it out?

-Pride's Purge.

-Pride's Purge is correct.

You had just one pass.

That executive body of 41 members was known as the Council of State.

-James, you have 12 points.

-Thank you.

-AUDIENCE APPLAUDS

A good high-scoring round there.

Let's have a look at all of the scores.

In fourth place, eight points, Terence Saunders.

Joint second place, 12 points apiece, Peter Gaskell and James Maple.

In the lead with 14 points, Lindsay Ashford.

So the general knowledge round now,

and if there's a tie at the end of it,

the number of passes is taken into account

and the person with the fewer passes is the winner,

and if they're tied on passes as well there has to be a tie-break.

The six highest scoring runners-up in this round will also be able to claim

a place in the semifinal. Plenty to play for.

Let's get on with it and ask Terence to join us again, please.

You start with eight points with your knowledge of Wilkie Collins' books.

A lot of them to choose from.

And let's see how you do with your general knowledge. 2.5 minutes now. Here we go.

Which Swedish tennis player won 11 Grand Slam singles titles between

1974 and '81 but never won the Australian or United States Opens?

-Bjorn Borg.

-Yes. Which 1936 romantic epic by Margaret Mitchell is reputed to have sold

-a million copies six months after its publication?

-Gone With The Wind.

-Yep. Who was the lead singer, chief songwriter and rhythm guitarist of the Kinks?

-Pass.

Which word for "crudely-made alcoholic drink"

comes from the name of an Alaskan people who made strong

-liquor from fermented dough and sugar?

-Vodka.

-Hooch.

Which river that reaches the sea near Rhyl gave its name to the former

-county of northeast Wales that was formed in 1974?

-Dee?

-Clwyd.

What small, grey crustacean often found under stones or in decaying

timber has regional names such as parsons pig, billy button and cheesy bob?

-Crab.

-Woodlouse.

According to their titles, the set of dances composed by Brahms

-and the rhapsodies composed by Liszt originated in which country?

-Hungary.

Yes. Which First World War field marshal was president of Germany

-from 1925 to '34?

-Hindenburg.

-Yes.

What term describes words such as "bang", "cuckoo" and "sizzle"

-that imitates the sound they describe?

-Onomatopoeic.

-Yes.

Which organisation was founded in Chicago in 1905 to do good in local

communities and to promote a world fellowship of business

-and professional men?

-Rotary.

-Yep.

Which ancient Greek physician gives his name to the oath sworn by

-medical students on graduating?

-Hippocrates.

-Yes.

In a story about Washington Irving, who falls asleep as a subject of

King George III and wakes up 20 years later as a free American citizen?

-Rip Van Winkle.

-Yes. Which British writer and producer directed the

-films Bugsy Malone, Evita and Midnight Express?

-Pass.

Which political anthem became the Labour Party's theme song in 1925

and is sung at the end of the party's conference?

-The Red Flag.

-Yes.

The epic Sanskrit poems, The Mahabharata and The Ramayana,

-form part of the literary tradition of what religion?

-Hinduism.

-Yes.

Which country was known as British Honduras until 1973

-and was a British colony until its independence in '81?

-Pass.

Which American classic horse race is known as the Run for the Roses

because the winner is draped with a blanket of them?

-Kentucky Derby.

-Yes. What is the title of Richard Hooker's 1968 novel

set in the Korean War that led to a TV series and a film

based on his experience working as a war surgeon?

-M*A*S*H.

-Yes.

An arts centre opened in Malibu in 1997 funded by the estate

of an American industrialist said to have been the richest man

at the time of his death in 1976.

-Who was he?

-Paul Getty.

-Yes.

What name's given to the drugs that treat allergies

-such as hay fever and to prevent travel sickness?

-Antihistamine.

TIMER BEEPS Yes. Started so I'll finish.

Smithy, Danny and Plug are among pupils at which school that first

-appeared in the Beano comic in the 1950s?

-The Bash Street Kids.

-Yes.

The Bash Street was the name of the school. You had three passes.

Belize became independent in 1981. Used to be British Honduras.

Sir Alan Parker produced and directed those films, Bugsy Malone, etc.

And Ray Davies was the lead singer of The Kinks

and all those other things as well.

You've scored now, Terence, a total of 23 points.

And now Peter again, please.

And you begin this round with 12 points.

You have to beat 23 at this stage of the game.

Can you do it with your general knowledge?

In which US state is the Napa Valley renowned for its wine production?

-California.

-Yes. Which Beatle cofounded the production company HandMade films

responsible for such films as The Missionary and A Private Function?

-George Harrison.

-Yes. In what sport did the Putney rules, drawn up in 1878,

prevent people such as mechanics, artisans and labourers

-from taking part in amateur competition?

-Pass.

Which real-life 19th-century heroine lived on Longstone,

-one of the outermost of the Farne Islands where her father was the lighthouse keeper?

-Pass.

Which left-wing MP did Harold Wilson say "immatures with age"?

-Dennis Skinner.

-Tony Benn.

In Greek mythology, who was the king of Corinth

condemned to role a huge stone up a hill for eternity?

Some legends claim this was as punishment for trying to cheat death.

Pass.

Which spectacular mountain range of northern Italy takes its name

from the 18th-century French geologist who studied the region?

-Dolomites.

-Yes.

"Dance, then, wherever you may be" is a line of a song

-with lyrics by folk musician Sydney Carter. What is the song?

-Pass.

Which play by Oliver Goldsmith has the alternative title

-The Mistakes of a Night?

-Pass.

What name is given to the class of opiate-like chemicals

in the brain that reduce pain as well as producing a feel-good sensation?

-Pass.

-Which foodstuff, a staple of the cowboy's diet, became

popular in Britain, canned in tomato sauce in the early 20th century?

-Beans.

-Yes. Baked beans. Which county on Ireland's west coast

is bounded by Galway on the north, Tipperary on the east and Limerick

and the Shannon Estuary on the south?

-Sligo.

-Clare. Who wrote the Just William stories,

first published as a collection in 1922?

Pass.

Which British sculptor created Single Form, unveiled in 1964,

in memory of friend Dag Hammarskjold,

the former Secretary General of the United Nations?

-Pass.

-The redwing and fieldfare are both winter visitors to Britain.

Which family of songbirds that includes the blackbird

-are they the members of?

-Thrush.

-Yep.

What name from the colour of part of their uniform was given to

Mussolini's armed squads of fascists

and to members of Sir Oswald Mosley's British Union of Fascists?

-Blackshirts.

-Yes.

An 18th-century Austrian composer's works were catalogued chronologically

by Ludwig von Kochel, each work being identified by a K-number.

-TIMER BEEPS Who was the composer?

-Mozart.

Mozart it was. You had eight passes.

Barbara Hepworth was that sculptor who created Single Form.

Richmal Crompton wrote the Just William stories.

Endorphins are what the brain creates.

-Yes. You know them all afterwards, don't you?

-Yep.

-Strange.

She Stoops to Conquer was the Oliver Goldsmith play.

Lord of the Dance. "Dance, then, wherever you may be" and all that.

Sisyphus kept rolling the rock up the hill.

Grace Darling was the 19th-century heroine who lived on Longstone.

-And that rather posh sport, certainly in those days, was rowing.

-OK.

Eight passes. Peter, you scored 19 points.

And now James again, please.

And you also start out with 12 points with your knowledge

of the Civil Wars, and 23 is still the score to beat.

So let's see how you get on. 2.5 minutes of general knowledge.

In chapter two of the book of Genesis, God created

woman from what part of Adam's anatomy?

-A rib.

-Yep. Large parts of an upland area in Wiltshire

owned by the Ministry of Defence is used for military training.

-What is the area called?

-Salisbury Plain.

-Yes.

Which Ravel one-act ballet based on a Spanish dance brought him

-great success after its first performance in 1928?

-Pass.

Who was the chief TV commentator in Westminster Abbey

at the coronation of the Queen in 1953?

-Richard Dimbleby.

-Yes. Which north African city

and sea port takes its name from the Arabic for "the islands"

-because of several small islands that once existed in the bay?

-Tunis?

Algiers. Which artist born in Crete in 1541 painted elongated figures

that led some 20th-century critics

to think he had the optical disorder astigmatism?

-El Greco.

-Yes. The controversial process of extracting gas or

petroleum by injecting a high-pressure fluid into

-underground rock is commonly known by what name?

-Fracking.

-Yes.

In which 1925 film does Charlie Chaplain play a tramp who

-tucks into a Thanksgiving Day meal of a boiled boot?

-Pass.

Which financial and trading organisation originated in 1698

when the businessman John Castaing began listing commodity prices

-at Jonathan's Coffee-House in Cornhill?

-The stock exchange.

-Yes.

The seeds of which plant when crushed and sweetened

make the traditional Middle Eastern confection halva?

-Pass.

-What name was given to the seven-inch vinyl records

introduced by RCA Victor in 1948?

-It came from the speed that they revolved on the turntable.

-45s.

-Yes.

In 1901, who became American president just six weeks

short of his 43rd birthday? The youngest man to have held the office.

-Hoover.

-No. Teddy Roosevelt.

Theo Walcott, Gareth Bale and Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain

began their professional playing careers with which football club?

-Southampton.

-Yes.

In Victorian sideshows, what insects were exhibited in circuses

and performed tricks such as pulling wagons and walking on high wires?

-Fleas.

-Yes. Whose novel, Cakes and Ale, first published in 1930,

is about the wife of a distinguished author

widely thought to be based on Thomas Hardy?

-Laurie Lee.

-Somerset Maugham.

Which French department's attractions include the cave at Lascaux

and the medieval towns of Sarlat and Brantome?

Pass.

Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz both claimed to be

-the inventor of which branch of mathematics?

-Calculus.

-Yes.

In Norse mythology, who is the cunning and mischievous god

who tricked the blind god Hod into killing his brother Baldr

-with a piece of mistletoe?

-Pass.

The best-known work by author and journalist Hunter S Thompson

is about fear loathing in which American city?

-TIMER BEEPS.

-Las Vegas.

-Las Vegas is correct.

You had five passes.

That cunning and vicious god who tricked his brother was Loki,

or "Lo-kee".

The Dordogne is where the cave at Lascaux and all the rest of them are.

Sesame gives you halva if you crush the seeds.

The Chaplain film was The Gold Rush.

-And Ravel's Bolero.

-No!

-Yes.

Always worth taking a guess. There you go.

But, James, you have 23 points.

And finally, Lindsay again, please.

And you start out with 14 points with your knowledge of Bedlam.

23 is still the score to beat. Here we go. 2.5 minutes.

Under what pseudonym

did Charles Lutwidge Dodgson publish his Alice books?

-Lewis Carroll.

-Yes.

Which lobster dish shares its name

with a month in the French revolutionary calendar?

-Lobster thermidor.

-Yes. Which series of two-man space missions was

launched by the United States in 1965 and '66 preceding the three-man

-Apollo missions?

-Pass.

The 1990s drama series The House Of Eliott starring Louise Lombard

and Stella Gonet as proprietors of a fashion house was set in what

decade of the 20th century?

-The 1920s.

-Yes.

Which river is the second-longest in Africa after the Nile?

-The Congo.

-Yes. What British government department

did Patrick McLoughlin, who has a fear of flying,

take over from Justine Greening in 2012?

-The Home Office.

-The Department for Transport.

Renishaw Hall and the village of Eckington in Derbyshire was

-the inspiration for locations in which novel by DH Lawrence?

-Pass.

In Saint-Saens' Carnival of the Animals,

which creatures amble along to a version of Offenbach's Can-can

played extremely slowly?

-Elephants?

-Tortoises. What name that comes from the six demands

drafted by the radical William Lovett was given to the movement

-in favour of working class rights founded in 1838?

-Pass.

The greyish specks on the inside of the cheek known as Koplik's spots

are an early sign of which childhood illness?

-Measles.

-Yes.

Which US state gets its nickname "the Bluegrass State"

from the grass found there?

-Tennessee.

-Kentucky.

In Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Imelda Staunton plays

a professor installed at Hogwarts

as the new Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher. Who is the professor?

-Professor McGonagall.

-Umbridge.

Which racquet game known as poona was played by British Army

officers in India in the 19th century?

-Tennis.

-Badminton.

What mythological bird burns itself to ashes on a pyre

and is reborn from the flames?

-The phoenix.

-Yes.

Whose 1971 album Tapestry is one of the bestselling albums of all time?

-Carole King.

-Yes. Which TV executive,

a former controller of BBC One and BBC Two,

hosts the Imagine series of arts documentaries?

-Alan Yentob.

-Yes. Which 1941 novel by James M. Cain that was typical of

the hard-boiled school of writing was turned into a TV miniseries starring

-Kate Winslet in 2011?

-Pass.

The town of Lyndhurst in Hampshire is the capital of which woodland area?

-The New Forest.

-Yes. What name from the Latin for "tongue"

is given to a dictionary of technical terms or words

-found at the end of a specialised text?

-Pass.

The Danish designer Georg Jensen worked particularly with which metal?

-Steel.

-Silver. Which fairground ride...

TIMER BEEPS ..with a revolve vertical wheel with seats suspended from its rim

is named after it American inventor, a bridge builder from Pittsburgh?

-Ferris wheel.

-Ferris wheel is correct.

You had five passes.

Glossary is the name for a dictionary of technical terms.

Mildred Pierce became the TV miniseries in 2011.

Chartism comes from the list of six demands drafted by William Lovett.

Lady Chatterley's Lover was... HE LAUGHS

..Renishaw Hall and Eckington and all that.

And Gemini was the series of two-man space missions.

And that last answer really mattered, Lindsay.

You have scored 24 points.

AUDIENCE APPLAUDS

Well. What a tight contest that was. Let's look at the scores.

In fourth place with 19 points, Peter Gaskell.

Joint second place, 23 points apiece, Terence Saunders and James Maple.

In the lead, in first place with 24 points - Lindsay Ashford.

Which means of course that Lindsay is tonight's winner

and she goes through to the semifinals. Congratulations to her.

If you would like to be a contender in the next series,

do go to our website:

And you can follow us on Twitter:

And do join us again next time for more Mastermind. Thanks for watching.

Goodbye.

APPLAUSE