Episode 1 University Challenge

APPLAUSE

University Challenge.

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello, welcome to a new series of University Challenge

as students from across the land do battle in this studio

for the most prized trophy in the world of quizzing.

There is no money at stake, not even a soft toy memento,

the best they can expect is a £5 voucher

to buy themselves a meal in the canteen here.

They do it solely for fun, for glory

and to prove taxpayers' money is well spent on education.

Some of them just like showing off a bit, too.

Around 100 institutions applied to compete but the trophy

can only be captured by one of the 28 teams

who you will see over the next few weeks.

Let's meet the first two.

Trinity Laban is the UK's only Conservatoire

of both music and contemporary dance

and is made up of two institutions which joined forces in 2005.

The Trinity College of Music and the Laban Dance Centre,

named after the Hungarian choreographer Rudolf Laban.

It's blessed with two enviable campuses in London,

reflecting the old and new,

one being the King Charles Court at the old Royal Naval College

in Greenwich designed by Sir Christopher Wren,

the other being the Laban Building in Deptford

designed by Herzog and de Meuron

which won the Riba Stirling prize in 2003.

Past students include the conductor Sir John Barbirolli

and the choreographer Matthew Bourne.

The institution is making its debut on this series.

The team tell us they're keen to show that dancers and musicians

have more than one string to their bow. Ho ho.

Representing about 1,000 students with an average age of 25,

let's meet the team.

Hello. I'm Claire Barton from Dunedin, New Zealand,

studying a PGA in performance voice.

Hello, I'm Diccon Cooper from Newquay in west Wales

studying for a Masters in jazz double bass.

And their captain...

Hi, I'm Sam Draper from Stroud in Gloucestershire

and I'm studying for a Bachelor of Music as a violinist.

Hello. I'm Amber Jackson-Bond

from Staffordshire and I'm studying for a BA Honours in Dance Theatre.

APPLAUSE

The University of York will celebrate its 50th birthday

next year having been created

after the Robbins Report on Higher Education in the 1960s.

Alumni include the comedian Harry Enfield,

a hatful of MPs including Louise Ellman and Harriet Harman

and the writers Graham Swift, Helen Dunmore and Anthony Horowitz.

You'd no doubt like news of the famous campus ducks

which we pass on without fail every time a York team qualifies.

We're delighted to report they now have their own Facebook page

with a gorgeous pouting duck of the day every day.

Playing on behalf of those ducks and about 15,000 fellow students,

with an average age of 22, let's meet the York team...

Hi, my name is Alex Leonhardt, I'm from Porthcawl in South Wales

and I'm studying for a Masters degree in political philosophy.

Hello. I'm Robin Virgo from Stamford in Lincolnshire

and I'm studying chemistry.

And their captain...

Hi, I'm Rebecca Woods from Chester in Cheshire

and I'm studying for an MA in psycholinguistics.

Hello, I'm Edward Haynes from Warwickshire

and I'm studying for a PhD in biology.

APPLAUSE

Same old rules. 10 points for starters,

15 for bonuses. Fingers on the buzzers.

Here's a starter for 10.

What everyday foodstuff links

the architect of Keble College Oxford,

flowering plants of genus ranunculus,

generally avoided by livestock,

a winter squash with a yellowish brown rind

and insects of order lepidoptera?

-Butter?

-Butter is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

Right. The first set of bonuses are on a shared name, York.

Newmanites and Puseyites were names given to members

of which 19th Century movement

which sought a renewal of Catholic thought in the Anglican Church?

Don't know.

They were part of the Oxford Movement.

Who, in 1258, led the Barons' rebellion which forced Henry III

to accept the Provisions of Oxford

establishing a new form of government in England?

-Simon De Montfort.

-Correct.

Which monarch convened the Oxford Parliament,

the third of the three parliaments of the "exclusion" crisis?

-Charles I?

-It was Charles II.

10 points for this... Known formally as

"an allocation of time motion",

what term was adopted in the UK in the late 19th Century

to describe the enforced closure of parliamentary debate

by analogy with a device used in revolutionary France?

BUZZER

-Guillotine?

-Guillotine is correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on economics, York.

The Road To Serfdom

is among the works of which Austrian-born British economist,

a key influence on the governments of Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan?

-Hayek.

-Correct.

Keynes unsuccessfully proposed a plan for world monetary reform at which conference in 1944?

It instead approved the establishment of the World Bank

and the International Monetary Fund.

Would it be the Vienna conference?

The Vienna conference?

No, the Bretton Woods agreement.

Who was prime minister in 1976 when the UK underwent a sterling crisis

and was forced to seek a rescue package from the International Monetary Fund?

Callaghan.

-Callaghan.

-Correct.

10 points for the starter. In Chinese medicine

what English word denotes each of a set

of pathways in the human body along which vital energy is said...

-Chakra?

-No, you lose five points.

..vital energy is said to flow.

It can also mean a circle of constant longitude

passing through a given place on the Earth's surface

and the terrestrial poles.

BELL

Chi?

No, it's a meridian. 10 points for this...

The fictional character Sal Paradise and Pinkie Brown

as well as Ian Curtis, the lead singer of Joy Division

are among the roles of which actor born in Yorkshire in 1980?

BELL

Sam Curtis.

Anyone want to buzz from York?

BUZZER

Jamie Bell?

No, it's Sam Riley. 10 points for this...

According to tradition who became the first high priest

to serve in the Temple of Jerusalem built by Solomon appearing...

-Aaron?

-No, you lose five points.

..appearing in the Old Testament in the First Book of Kings,

he also gives his name to an anthem composed by Handel

for the coronation of George II.

BELL

Zadok.

Zadok is right. Performed in every coronation since then.

And your bonuses this time are on bone morphology.

The frontal, coronal, sagittal and squamosal

are among the fibrous tissues that ossify gradually after birth

to fuse the plate-like bones forming which specific structure

of the human skeleton?

-Skull?

-No, it's the cranium.

The skull includes the mandible.

Articulating with the lumbar vertebra above and the coccyx below,

which wedge-shaped bone in the adult human body is made up mainly

of five vertebrae which are separate in childhood

and become fully fused only by about the 26th year?

-Sacrum?

-Correct.

Developed in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris,

which bone of the leg ossifies usually from a single nucleus

of cartilaginous tissue at around the age of three to six?

-Femur.

-No, it's the patella, or kneecap.

We are going to take a picture round.

Your picture starter is an illustration of a film format,

it is not to scale.

I simply want you to tell me what term denotes this format,

relating to its size?

BELL

35mm?

Correct. The 35 mill refers to the width of the photographic film.

For your bonuses you'll see diagrams

representing three more film formats still used today.

Five points if you can simply tell me how they're usually known?

None is to scale. Firstly...

Cine film?

No, that's Super 8. Cine film's not precise enough.

Secondly, what measurement denotes this format?

16 millimetre?

No, that's 70 millimetre

and finally what measurement denotes this format?

16 millimetre.

That is 16 millimetre, yes. 10 points for this...

After a Nazi propagandist stated that the Luftwaffe

would bomb every building in Britain that was marked with three stars

in a certain travel guide, what collective name

was given to the 1942 air attacks on the cities of Exeter,

Norwich, Bath, York and Canterbury?

BUZZER

The Michelin attack?

No. One of you buzz, Trinity Laban?

The AA Attack?

No, they were Baedeker raids or the Baedeker Blitz.

10 points for this...

Give the three-word name of the blood vessel

that is formed from both brachio-cephalic veins

and which also receives blood from the azygos vein.

It receives blood from the head, arms and upper chest

before emptying into the right atrium of the heart.

BUZZER

-The carotid artery?

-No.

Jugular?

No, it's the superior vena cava. 10 points for this...

What two-word term was coined by the German-born psychologist

of Danish extraction, Erik H Erikson,

to describe an inability to reconcile conflicting aspects

of one's personality?

Bipolar?

No. York?

Paranoid schizophrenia?

No. It's identity crisis. 10 points for this...

Giving its own subtitle Death of a Dictator,

Orson Welles' 1937 Mercury Theatre production

of which play by Shakespeare was noted for its depiction

of the mob killing Cinna the poet

and the adoption of contemporary Italian fascist dress?

-Julius Caesar?

-Correct.

Your bonuses this time are on poisoners in literature.

The schoolmaster, Mr Pugh, somewhat put-upon by his domineering wife

enjoys reading a copy of the Lives of the Great Poisoners

in which work by Dylan Thomas?

THEY CONFER QUIETLY

-Nominate Leonhardt.

-Under Milk Wood.

-Correct.

Unusual in detective fiction of the time in that the murderer's identity is revealed in the first line,

which novel of 1931 written under the pseudonym Francis Iles

concerns a doctor slowly poisoning his domineering wife?

-No.

-It's Malice Aforethought.

In the first person narrative of a historical novel of 1935,

which Roman emperor suspects he's being killed

by the poisoned mushrooms supplied to him on the orders

of his domineering wife Agrippina?

THEY CONFER QUIETLY

-Caligula?

-No. It's Claudius in Claudius the God.

10 points for this... Answer as soon as you buzz.

Giving your answer in radians, what is the argument of the complex

number one plus i square root three

where i is the square root of minus one?

BUZZER

Pi?

Anyone like to buzz from Trinity Laban?

BELL

One.

It's pi over three. 10 points for this...

What parasite links a run-down cinema, a street market selling...

BUZZER

-Flea.

-Flea is correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on shipwrecks, York.

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

was the author of a poem about which schooner

inspired by an actual wreck

off the Massachusetts coast in 1839?

The Plymouth.

No, it's the Hesperus.

Sharing its name with a major river of France,

which Royal Mail steam ship went down in the British Virgin Islands

as the result of a hurricane in 1867?

The wreck is now a popular site for divers.

-The Loire.

-No, it was the Rhone.

And finally, which painting by Theodore Gericault

was shown at the 1819 salon as a "Scene of Shipwreck"?

-The Hesperus.

-No. It's the Raft Of the Medusa.

10 points for this... The IWC

was formed in 1946 with the aim of safeguarding

for future generations the great natural resources

represented by stocks of which mammal?

BUZZER

-Whales?

-Whales is correct. It's the International Whaling Commission.

These bonuses, York, are on astronomy.

Which French astronomer born in 1730 gives his name to the list of astronomical objects

designed to help distinguish between permanent objects in the sky

and transient ones such as comets?

-No.

-It's Charles Messier.

Messier 110 is the latest addition to the catalogue

included in 1967 after it had been found as a bright satellite

of which large spiral galaxy, the nearest such neighbour of the Milky Way?

-Andromeda.

-Andromeda.

-Correct.

Added in 1953, M108 can be observed as an edge-on spiral galaxy

near to Beta Ursae Majoris

a pointer star traditionally known by what name?

-Polaris?

-No, it's Merak.

We'll take a music round.

For your music starter you'll hear two pieces of popular music

by two different bands.

The two bands have one member in common.

10 points if you can give me his name.

# Looking at the world through the sunset in your eyes

# Travelling the train through clear Moroccan skies

# Ducks and pigs and chickens call Animal carpet wall-to-wall... #

# Hey Mr Tambourine Man play a song for me

# I'm not sleepy and there ain't no place... #

BUZZER

-Paul Simon.

-No. Trinity Laban, one of you buzz?

You may not confer.

One of you may buzz.

OK, I'll tell you. It's David Crosby

who was in both Crosby, Stills and Nash and in The Byrds.

So music bonuses shortly. In the meantime, another starter question.

Which novel by Charles Dickens takes place partly in America

where the hero goes to seek his fortune? Its characters include Tom Finch...

BELL

-Martin Chuzzlewit.

-Yes.

APPLAUSE

Right, you get the music bonuses, then.

There are three more pop Venn diagrams,

that is tracks by two bands with a common member.

Again, in each case, I want the name of the person who plays or played in both bands.

Again, you need to listen to two tracks that segue into each other

and get the identity. Here we go.

# City dweller, successful fella

# Thought to himself "Oops, I've got a lot of money"

# Caught in a rat race terminally. #

# Na-na-na, na-na-na

# Na-na-na, na-na-na. #

Damian Albarn.

No, it was Alex James who was in both Blur and Fat Les.

Secondly.

# Have you seen her, have you heard?

# The way she plays there are no words

# To describe the way I'm feeling. #

# How would you feel if I was to kneel

# Right down at your feet? #

No, we don't know.

That was John Squire who was in both the Stone Roses and the Seahorses.

And finally...

# Now my head is spinning

# At the back of my mind. #

# Is it wrong to want to live on your own?

# No, it's not wrong but I must know

# How can someone so young...? #

-No, sorry.

-That was Johnny Marr

who was in both Electronic and the Smiths. Right, 10 points for this.

If potassium chloride

is subjected to electrolysis,

at which electrode will chlorine be liberated?

BELL

-The anode.

-Correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

Your bonuses are on West Africa.

In each case, the answer is a Francophone country.

Firstly, in 1958, Ahmed Sekou Toure

became President of the first independent French-speaking African state and remained in office

until his death in 1984.

Which country did he rule?

-Algeria.

-No, it was Guinea.

At the time of his death in 1993, Felix Houphouet-Boigny

was Africa's longest serving head of state.

Which country had he ruled since independence in 1960?

-Algeria.

-No, that was the Ivory Coast.

And finally, Leopold Sedar Senghor was president of which republic from 1960

until his retirement in 1980?

(Senegal?)

-Senegal?

-Senegal is right.

Another starter question. Which contemporary arts centre

in Bristol takes its name

from a double portrait of 1434 by Jan van Eyck.

BUZZER

-The Ambassadors.

-No.

BELL

-The Arnolfini?

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses are on a building in Rome.

Having the largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world,

the church of Santa Maria Rotonda is also known by what single word name?

-The Pantheon.

-Correct.

The only source of natural light in the Pantheon is a round opening

in the centre of the dome around eight metres in diameter and known by what Latin name

indicating an organ of the body?

-Ocular.

-Oculus is correct.

In the 17th Century, the Pantheon's roof was stripped of bronze

for use in which artist's altar canopy in St Peter's?

-Bernini?

-Bernini is correct.

10 points for the starter question. Listen carefully.

The family Hominidae comprises seven distinct species,

two species each of gorillas and orang-utans and three others.

For 10 points, name two of them.

BUZZER

-Chimpanzees and bonobos.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on insect products.

Secreted by female scale insects of the Coccidae family,

the purified gelatinous glazing agent used to coat pills

and sweets such as jellybeans is known by what name?

-Carnauba wax.

-No, it's shellac.

Made from aquatic insects inhabiting the gravel at the bottom of rivers and streams,

zazamushi is a dish traditional to the cuisine of which country?

-Japan?

-Japan.

-Correct.

Which food additive is prepared from carminic acid,

a red dye stuff obtained by crushing females of Dactylopius coccus,

a scale insect of Central America?

-Cochineal.

-Cochineal is correct.

We're going to take a second picture round.

The picture starter is a photo of a city.

All you have to do is identify it.

BELL

Abu Dhabi?

-No, one of you buzz from York.

-BUZZER

-Dubai?

-Dubai is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

That picture was from the observation deck

of the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world.

For the picture bonuses, you're going to see three more photographs

of cities taken from some of the world's tall buildings.

Again, all you have to do is identify the city.

Firstly...

-New York?

-It's New York, guys. That's the answer.

No, no, no. Is it Toronto?

-The Space Needle's in Seattle.

-Seattle?

Seattle? Seattle.

No, that's Shanghai, seen from the Shanghai World Financial Centre.

Secondly...

-Taipei, I think.

-Taipei.

No, that's Kuala Lumpur from the Petronas Towers. And finally...

Miami?

Miami doesn't have a tall tower.

Somewhere that's coastal. Um...

Istanbul.

No, Chicago from the Willis Tower.

10 points for this. The Belgian cartoonist

Georges Remi used a phonetic version

of his reversed initials to form which pseudonym?

BELL

-Herge.

-Correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses are on political families. This could give you the lead.

Who was elected President of France in 1848,

largely on the strength of his name?

-Napoleon III.

-I'll accept that.

That was his title. He was Louis-Napoleon, really.

Until Elizabeth II surpassed him in early 2011, who was the longest lived British head of state?

He assumed the position for a brief period after the death

of his father and lived to the age of 85 after his removal from power.

-George III.

-George III.

No, he died about 81 or something. It was Richard Cromwell.

And finally in 1962, which member of a prominent political family

was elected to a vacant US Senate seat for Massachusetts?

-Kennedys.

-The Kennedys.

Which one?

(Patrick).

-Patrick.

-No, it was Edward.

10 points for this.

What name, meaning she-goat, was given in Greek mythology

to the fire-breathing creature with the head of a lion,

the body of a goat...

-Chimera?

-Chimera is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

Right, your bonuses this time are

on word pairs, York University. The second word in each case

is formed by adding the letter 'O' to the first.

For example, concert and concerto.

In each case, give both words from the definition.

Firstly, large branch of a tree and unsatisfactory place of consignment or oblivion.

-Limb and limbo.

-Limb and limbo.

-Correct.

Secondly, prudishly disapproving and a variety of summer cabbage.

-Let's have it.

-No idea.

-It's prim and primo.

And finally, sudden rush of wind and enjoyment and enthusiasm.

-Gust and gusto.

-Gust and gusto

is correct. 10 points for this.

Given two integers, A and B, what number is equal to the product

of their highest common factor and their lowest common multiple?

BUZZER

-AB.

-AB is correct. A times B, yes.

Right, your bonuses this time are on a chemical element.

Heavy spar and witherite are among the main ores of which chemical element

in group two of the periodic table?

It's found naturally only in combination with other elements.

THEY CONFER QUIETLY

-..So it's going to be below. Strontium.

-Strontium?

-Strontium.

-No, it's barium. Compounds of barium, particularly barium nitrate,

have been used in fireworks to impart what colour to the flames?

Green?

No, barium. Green.

Correct. Which opaque compound of barium is used as a meal before a medical X-ray,

usually of the upper gastro-intestinal tract?

-Let's have it, please.

-Barium carbonate.

No, it's barium sulphate. Just over three minutes to go.

10 points for this.

An abnormal craving for unusual foods common in pregnant...

-Pica.

-Correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on geometry, York University.

The term acute angle describes what range of degrees?

-0-90.

-Correct.

What six letter term describes an angle greater than 180

but less than 360 degrees?

-Reflex.

-Correct.

Finally, what term describes an angle that's greater than

or equal to 90 and less than or equal to 180?

-Obtuse.

-Correct.

Another starter question. The hoist of the flag of Cameroon,

the top strip of the flag of Iran, the bottom strip of the flag

of Bolivia and the fields of the flags of Bangladesh and Brazil...

BUZZER

-Green.

-Are green, yes.

APPLAUSE

Bonuses this time on UNESCO World Heritage sites in Spain.

Known for its palaeolithic paintings of bison, horses and deer,

which cave in northern Spain was discovered by chance in 1879?

What's the famous one?

-Granada?

-No, it's Altamira. Dedicated to St Lawrence, which royal monastery and palace in Madrid

became the centre of political power during the last years

of the reign of Philip II?

-The Escorial.

-Escorial.

Correct.

The World Heritage Site at the Alhambra Palace, the Generalife residence and the Albayzin district

is located in which Andalusian city?

Barcelona?

No, Andalusia...

Em, Valencia?

-Valencia.

-No, it's Granada. Another starter question.

Awarded the Prix Goncourt in 2010, The Map And The Territory

is a work by which controversial French author

whose previous works include Platform and Atomised?

BUZZER

-L'Eclusiere?

-No. One of you buzz from Trinity Laban.

BELL

-Houellebecq.

-It's usually pronounced

'Welbeck', Michel Houellebecq, but, yeah, sure. Good. Right,

15 points for these bonuses if you get them.

They're on works in the Musee D'Orsay in Paris.

In each case, name the French artist from the list of their paintings.

Firstly, The Bellelli Family, L'Absinthe,

also know as In A Cafe, and Blue Dancers.

-Matisse.

-No, it's Degas.

The Balcony, The Fife Player and Portrait of Emile Zola.

-Toulouse Lautrec?

-No, it's Manet. And finally,

The Swing, The Bathers and Ball at the Moulin de la Galette.

-Come on, let's have it, please.

-Seurat?

-No, it's Renoir.

10 points for this. In botany, what class of animal

pollinates those flowers

described as entomophilous?

BUZZER

-Insect.

-Correct.

Your bonuses, York University, are on the shipping forecast.

The shipping forecast areas of North Utsira and South Utsira

lie off the West Coast of which country?

-Norway.

-Correct.

GONG RINGS

And at the gong, Trinity Laban have 105, York University have 185.

Anything over 100

is a very respectable score

so thank you very much for taking part, Trinity Laban.

Nice to see you for the first time, hope you come back again.

York University, 185, a very convincing performance from you.

We look forward to seeing you in the next stage.

I hope you can join us next time for another first-round match

but until then, it's goodbye

-from Trinity Laban...

-Goodbye.

-..it's goodbye from York University...

-Bye.

..and it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.

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