Episode 11 University Challenge

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. The lights are on and we're about to find out if anyone's home,

as two more teams of students compete for a place

in the second round.

Winners go through automatically,

losers could get the chance to play again

if their score warrants a chance to redeem themselves.

Now, the University of Bath began life in 1856 in nearby Bristol

as a trade school, which later enjoyed the patronage

of the Merchant Venturers Society

which, at one time, virtually controlled Bristol's port.

After several different incarnations,

the university received its charter in 1966

and is based primarily on a campus overlooking the city of Bath.

Justin King rose from Bath to become boss of Sainsbury's,

Diana Organ and Eric Joyce rose - if that's the right verb -

to become Labour MPs,

and Bill Giles, the weather forecaster, is another alumnus.

Representing around 14,000 students and with an average age of 22,

let's meet the Bath team.

Hi, I'm Joe Kendall. I'm from Bristol

and I'm studying economics and international development.

Hi, I'm Adam Salvesen. I'm from Oxford and I'm studying biology.

-And their captain.

-Hello, I'm Matthew Wise.

I'm originally from Surrey and I'm studying for an MSc

in the modern applications of mathematics.

Hi, I'm Toby Smith. I'm from Clitheroe in Lancashire

and I'm studying physics.

APPLAUSE

The University of Liverpool began life as a university college

in 1882 and is one of the original redbricks,

with its Alfred Waterhouse-designed Victoria building

being said to have inspired the term.

It received its Royal Charter in 1903

and was the first university to establish departments

in oceanography, architecture and biochemistry.

Alumni include the biographer Lytton Strachey,

the literary critic Frank Kermode,

the horror author Clive Barker

and the Poet Laureate, Carol Ann Duffy.

Representing about 20,000 students and with an average age of 26,

let's meet the Liverpool team.

Hi, I'm Sasha Torregrosa-Jones.

I'm originally from London and I'm studying physics.

Hello, my name is Jonathan Tinsley.

I'm from Newcastle and I study physics.

-And this is their captain.

-Hi, I'm Andy Jones,

from Ormskirk in Lancashire and I'm studying dentistry.

Hi, I'm Agneau Belanyek.

I'm from Southampton and I'm studying computer science.

APPLAUSE

Rules are as constant as the Northern Star.

10 points for starters, 15 for bonuses.

Fingers on the buzzers, here's your first starter for 10.

Which historical figure links a tragedy by Schiller,

dramas by Jean Ennui and George Bernard Shaw

and Voltaire's poem La Pucelle?

Born around 1412, she was...

-Joan of Arc.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

First blood to you, then, Liverpool.

And your bonuses are on a historian.

Born in 1834, which historian

is especially remembered for the aphorism,

"Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely"?

THEY WHISPER

Caesar?

Nominate Belanyek.

Julius Caesar.

-Born in 1834?!

-LAUGHTER

No, it's Lord Acton.

Secondly, for five points.

Lord Acton was the founder editor of which comprehensive history,

of which only the first two volumes appeared before his death in 1902?

-Encyclopaedia Britannica?

-Yeah?

I'd go with it.

-Encyclopaedia Britannica.

-No, the Cambridge Modern History.

A leader of the liberal Roman Catholics in Britain,

Acton went to Rome in 1870

to organise opposition to which doctrine,

defined authoritatively at the first Vatican Council?

Any ideas?

I don't know.

Er, no. Pass, sorry.

It's Papal Infallibility. Right, 10 points for this.

Briefly imprisoned for protesting against a dam project

in India in 2002, which author and anti-globalisation campaigner

was awarded the Booker Prize in 1997 for her novel

The God Of Small Things?

-Arunhati Roy.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

Now, these bonuses - your first set, Bath - are on national theatres.

Firstly, for five points.

The National Theatre of Ireland, Dublin's Abbey Theatre,

was the scene of a riot among members of the audience

for the premiere in 1907 of The Playboy Of The Western World

by which Irish playwright?

Say something Irish-sounding. Say O'Grady.

Paul O'Grady.

Paul O'Grady. Right. No, it was JM Synge.

The National Theatre of Wales launched in 2009,

since when its programme has included

The Passion, staged in Port Talbot

and starring which actor born there in 1969?

Hector?

An actor from Port Talbot is...

Richard Burton. Go for Richard Burton.

Richard Burton.

Er, no, it's Michael Sheen.

And finally, in which London theatre

was the National Theatre of Great Britain founded in 1963?

It was based there until it moved to its new home

on the South Bank in 1976.

-Pass.

-That was at the Old Vic. Right, 10 points for this.

Meanings of what five-letter word include, in botany,

the husk or shell of a fruit

or the lower bract of a floret of grass,

in mathematics, a subsidiary theorem,

and in literature,

a heading indicating the subject of a composition?

-Lemma.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses are on radiation, Bath.

What term is used to describe

electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the approximate range

of 0.01 to 10 nanometres

and energy between 0.12 and 120 kiloelectron volts?

-Gamma rays.

-Gamma rays, X-rays.

Gamma rays.

No, they're X-rays. X Radiation.

The first cosmic x-ray astronomy satellite

launched from the San Marco platform off the coast of Kenya in 1970.

It was given what name, the Swahili for freedom?

SETI.

SETI?

SETI's the only one...

It's the Search For Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence...

-No, pass.

-It's Uhuru.

And finally, the strongest known extra-solar source of X-rays,

the double star Scorpius X-1, around 9,000 light years away,

is what type of stellar remnant?

Stellar remnant?

-Neutron star.

-Neutron star, will we try it?

-We'll try neutron star.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

Time for a picture round. Let's see how you get on with it.

You're going to see a map of a mountain range.

10 points if you can name the range.

-The Apennines.

-The Apennines is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

For your bonuses, three other maps of mountain ranges

in countries around the Mediterranean.

Five points for each you can name. Firstly...

Dolomites, or something.

Are the Dolomites there?

-Slavic or something?

-No.

-Dolomites.

-The Dolomites?!

No, they're the Pindus Mountains in northern Greece and, well,

stretching into Albania there.

And secondly...

Is that the Black Sea?

-What's Turkey?

-It's too far south.

Try the Steppe, or something.

-Nominate Smith.

-The Steppe.

No, they're... Absolutely not! No, they're the Taurus Mountains.

Finally...

That's the Atlas Mountains.

-Atlas Mountains.

-Correct. Right, 10 points for this.

Meanings of what precise noun include, in phonetics,

the exhalation of breath when articulating a sound

and, in more general speech,

a hope or ambition of achieving something?

-Aspiration.

-Yes.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses, Liverpool, are on a Roman author.

The Pumpkinification Of Claudius is one translation of the title

of a satire on the deification of the Roman emperor,

the work being attributed to which Stoic philosopher,

dramatist and statesman?

Zeno?

I don't know the Stoics.

I don't know.

-Zeno.

-No, it's Seneca.

Seneca was forced to commit suicide for his alleged involvement

in the conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso

to assassinate which Roman emperor in AD 65?

Claudius? Something like that. Caligula?

I can't remember who it is.

Claudius, Claudius.

-Claudius.

-No, it's Nero.

Telling of a Roman general's revenge

on the Queen of the Goths, which play by Shakespeare

is thought to have been inspired in part by a tragedy of Seneca?

THEY WHISPER

Nominate Jones.

Coriolanus.

No, it's Titus Andronicus.

10 points for this.

Yuka Sato of Japan won the first gold medal

at which major sporting and cultural event,

inaugurated in Singapore in August 2010?

The next one is scheduled for Nanjing in 2014.

The Asian Games.

No. One of you may buzz from Liverpool.

Nope. It's the Summer Youth Olympics.

10 points for this.

What short noun, meaning a dividing ridge of unploughed land,

or a roughly-squared beam of timber,

is also used figuratively as a verb,

meaning to refuse something or to shy away from a task?

-Block.

-No, you lose five points

..or to shy away from a task, as if having encountered an obstacle?

Shirk.

No, it's balk. 10 points for this.

"A canker'd granddam

"and a monstrous injurer of Heaven and Earth"

is a description by a character in Shakespeare's King John

of which Queen, the mother of the title character?

-Eleanor of Aquitaine.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses are on Home Secretaries, Liverpool.

Which Labour politician became Home Secretary in October 1940

and held the post until May 1945?

His reforms included placing the fire services

under the control of the Home Office.

THEY WHISPER

-Attlee.

-No, that was Herbert Morrison.

Secondly, which former Prime Minister later held the post

of Home Secretary for more than nine years,

a period that included the Peterloo Massacre of 1819?

THEY WHISPER

-Palmerston.

-No, that was Henry Addington.

Finally, who served as Home Secretary

until the outbreak of World War II, but is better known for a pact

fashioned during his time at the Foreign Office,

which was intended to end hostilities in Abyssinia?

Oh, it's the Bryant Pact.

Bryant.

No, it was Sir Samuel Hoare.

10 points for this. Known in French as Reine Claude,

the name of which variety of sweet plum consists of

a colour followed by the surname of the man

who introduced it to England from France...?

-Greengage.

-Greengage is right, yes.

APPLAUSE

Bath, these bonuses are on feasts.

Its Greek-derived name meaning manifestation, which feast day

of the Christian calendar follows Twelfth Night?

-It's Epiphany.

-Advent?

-It's not a feast day.

-12 days after. So, it's like 6 January.

-Let's have an answer.

-It's Epiphany, then, if it's 6 January.

-Epiphany.

-Correct.

What is the Hebrew name for the Jewish Feast Of Lots,

celebrated in February or March and commemorating the deliverance

of the Jews from a massacre planned by the Persian Vizier Haman?

No, it's not Passover. No. No.

-I'll try anyway. Passover.

-No, it's Purim.

And, finally, the Celtic religious festival Lughnasadh,

the feast of the God Lugh,

is celebrated in which month

on the same day as the Christian Lammas Day?

Pick a month.

June.

-April.

-No, it's August.

10 points for this starter question.

In physiology, what type of lymphocyte

is the main agent of cell-mediated immunity?

They're produced in bone marrow...

B-lymphocytes.

No, you lose five points there.

..they're produced in bone marrow, migrate to the thymus to mature

and circulate between lymph nodes and bloodstream.

T-killer cells.

Yes, that's a subgroup. T-cells or T-lymphocytes.

Right, you get a set of bonuses then, Bath, on human genetics.

If non-disjunction of a chromosome occurs in meiosis,

two of the daughter gametes will show trisomy.

What abnormality would be seen in the other two daughter gametes?

Nominate Salvesen.

-There will only be singer...single chromatids.

-Meaning?

Meaning that they will show monomy.

That's correct. Monosomy, yes.

One chromosome will be missing.

What name is given to the genetic disorder caused by

trisomy in chromosome 18?

-Nominate Salvesen.

-Down's Syndrome.

No, it's Edwards Syndrome.

And, trisomy of which chromosome causes Down's Syndrome?

-You don't know?

-I don't know.

1 to 23, so just take a guess.

-Two.

-No, it's 21.

Right, we're going to take a music round.

For your music starter, you'll hear an excerpt from a film soundtrack.

10 points if you can name the film in which it featured.

INDIAN MUSIC PLAYS

-Slumdog Millionaire.

-Yes.

APPLAUSE

A.R. Rahman's score for Slumdog Millionaire won

Best Original Score at the 2009 Academy Awards.

For your bonuses, you're going to hear excerpts from three more

Oscar-winning original scores from 2000 onwards.

Again, in each case,

I want the name of the film the piece was composed for.

Firstly, for five...

CELLO SOLO PLAYS

THEY WHISPER

Million Dollar Baby.

No, it was Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. And secondly...

JOLLY MUSIC PLAYS

THEY WHISPER

-The Artist.

-No, it's Up. And finally...

MUSIC PLAYS

-Brokeback Mountain.

-Correct.

Right, 10 points for this.

Which chain of volcanic islands

stretches over 1,200 miles in the North Pacific

westward from Alaska, towards the Kamchatka Peninsula?

-The Aleutian Islands.

-Correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses, Bath, are on belated achievements.

Firstly, despite having directed films such as

Taxi Driver, Raging Bull and Goodfellas,

Martin Scorsese's first Academy Award for Best Director

was for which film of 2006?

-The Departed.

-Correct.

After 14 consecutive seasons as National Hunt champion jockey

and 14 failed attempts to win the Grand National,

who finally won the race at his 15th attempt in 2010?

-Frankie Dettori.

-I'm going to go with that, yeah.

-Frankie Dettori.

-No, it was AP McCoy.

Which British author was honoured posthumously

by the Booker Prize Foundation in 2011,

having been nominated five times during her lifetime?

Just say an author.

Er, pass.

That was Beryl Bainbridge. 10 points for this.

Hampton House, Belfast, Millburngate, Durham,

Old Hall Street, Liverpool and 3 Northgate, Glasgow

are four of the regional offices of which UK Government service

which has its London office at Olympia House?

Passport Office.

It's the Identity And Passport Service, yes.

APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses, Liverpool, are on military awards.

Preceding the Victoria Cross by two years,

which medal was instituted in 1854 to recognise acts

of outstanding courage by other ranks during the Crimean War?

George Cross.

-I don't know.

-I have no idea.

-It's too late.

-Gallantry, or something...

-George Cross.

-No, it's the Distinguished Conduct medal.

And, secondly, in 1855, the Royal Navy introduced

which equivalent to the DCM, represented by the abbreviation CGM?

G could be gallantry.

-Something gallantry.

-Common?

-Combat gallantry?

-Combat Gallantry Medal.

-No, it's Conspicuous Gallantry Medal.

And finally, which late medieval order of chivalry

was revived by George I as a regular military order,

and was expanded and divided into two classes,

military and civil, by the Prince Regent in 1815?

The Knight's Garter?

-The Knight's Garter.

-It's the Order Of The Bath.

10 points for this starter question.

What is the derived SI unit of magnetic flux density...?

-Tesla.

-Correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on an English scientist, Bath.

Born in 1773,

which English scientist gives his name to the term

for a numerical constant that describes the elastic properties

of a solid undergoing tension or compression?

Young's Constant. It might be Young.

Hook or Young?

-Young.

-Correct. Thomas Young, Young's modulus.

A qualified physician in 1793, Young identified the changes

occurring in which specific part of a human sensory organ?

-Retina?

-I think... Yeah, it's got to be the eye.

Retina.

No, it's the lens of the eye.

And finally, Young also deciphered foreign proper names

on which objects, rediscovered on the Nile Delta in 1799?

-Rosetta Stone.

-Correct.

We are going to take a picture round now.

You will see an illustration of a character

created by Charles Dickens.

For 10 points, name the character.

Is it Mrs Homp?

Anyone want to buzz from Bath?

Miss Haversham?

No, it is Mrs Gamp from Martin Chuzzlewit. Picture bonuses shortly,

see if you can buzz in on this starter question.

You must buzz immediately.

What is the only positive integer that is twice the sum of its digits?

11? Sorry.

So you should be.

-Two?

-No, it's 18. Another starter question.

The Volta Bureau Research Library was founded in Washington DC

in the 1880s by which Scottish-born scientist and inventor

with the Volta prize money awarded him by the French government?

Logie Baird?

No, Liverpool, one of you buzz?

-Maxwell?

-No, it was Alexander Graham Bell. Another starter question.

JCF, WF, JC, another JC, JL, JM, CPE and JS are the initials

of the given names of which family of composers?

-Bach.

-Bach is correct, yes.

You will be thrilled to hear that you get the picture bonuses.

To mark the author's bicentennial this year

your bonuses, three more of Joseph Clayton Clarke's

sketches of characters in Dickens novels, in each case, five points

if you can name the character and the novel in which they appear.

Firstly for five points.

THEY WHISPER

Fagan and Oliver Twist.

No, that's Captain Cuttle in Dombey And Son. Secondly...

-Bill Sikes, maybe?

-Yeah, Bill Sikes.

Bill Sikes, Oliver Twist.

No, it's Quilp in The Old Curiosity Shop. And finally...

Is it Uriah Heap?

It doesn't look at all like Uriah Heap! He's thin.

No, it is Mr Micawber in David Copperfield. 10 points for this.

What is the Arabic word for lawful,

used to refer to meat from...

-Halal.

-Halal is correct, yes.

Your bonuses are on artists born in the 1880s.

Early Sunday Morning and Second Story Sunlight are works

by which US artist, active mainly in New York?

-Hopper?

-Correct.

The Bride of the Wind and the Prometheus and Thermopylae triptychs

are among works of which Austrian-born artist

who became a British citizen in 1946?

-Klimt?

-No, it was Oscar Kokokschka.

Coming Out Of School, The Football Match and Peel Park, Salford

are works by which English artist?

-Lowry.

-L.S. Lowry is right. 10 points for this.

One single word is the motto of the state of California?

One of the few state mottos not in English or Latin,

it means "I have found it," and it is associated...

-Eureka?

-Eureka is correct, yes.

Your bonuses this time are on world currencies, specifically

those that in recent years have had a value greater than the US dollar.

In each case, identify the currency and the country from

the three letter code of the International Standards Organisation.

First, for five points, KWD.

Nominate Kendall.

-Korean Won?

-No, it's the Kuwaiti Dinar. Secondly, AZN.

-Let's have it.

-Pass.

It's the Azerbaijani New Manat.

Finally, CHF.

-Swiss Franc? Swiss Franc.

-Correct.

Three and a half minutes to go, 12 points for this.

Which 12th century Welsh chronicler and Churchman was the author of

The History Of The Kings Of Britain?

-St Anselm?

-No, Liverpool, one of you buzz.

Thomas Becket?

It was Geoffrey of Monmouth. 10 point for this.

The Goleston Palace

and the Azadi Tower are among prominent buildings in which

capital city, located around 100 kilometres south of the Caspian Sea?

-Istanbul?

-No, one of you buzz from Bath.

Moscow?

South of the Caspian Sea? No, it's Tehran. 10 points for this.

"Fat liver" is the literal meaning of the French name...

Foie gras.

Foie gras is correct.

Your bonuses this time are on an element.

With atomic number 50,

which element has the greatest number of stable isotopes?

Let's have it, please, come on.

-Iron?

-No, it is tin.

Originally meaning an alloy of silver and lead,

what is the Latin name for tin,

from which its chemical symbol is derived?

-Let's have it, please.

-St...

-I don't know.

-It is Stannum, you were nearly there.

What alloy of tin consists of around 90 percent tin with the rest

usually being copper and antimony?

Try brass?

No, it's pewter. 10 points for this.

What invertebrate garden pest shares its name with a unit of mass

used in the obsolete foot-pound second system,

being the mass accelerated...

-Slug?

-Slug is correct, yes.

Your bonuses are on playwrights under the age of 30.

Written at around 28,

which playwright's last work was 4.48 Psychosis,

produced posthumously in 2000, five years after her first play,

Blasted, had brought her to public attention?

-Pass.

-It was Sarah Kane. That Face, which opened at

the Royal Court in London 2007,

was written at the age of 19 by which playwright?

-Pass.

-That was Polly Stenham.

Finally, which British playwright was still in her 20s

when her play, Enron, opened at the Chichester Festival Theatre in 2009?

-Pass.

-That was Lucy Prebble. 10 points for this.

Answer as soon as you buzz.

What is the relative molecular mass of calcium carbonate...

40. 100.

I'm sorry, I have to accept your first answer

and I can't offer it to them

because you've given us the right one. You lose five points.

10 points for this.

2011 saw the completion of a multibillion-dollar project

to build a dam 25km long across the Gulf of Finland,

designed to protect which former capital city from flooding?

Moscow?

No. Liverpool, one of you buzz.

-St Petersburg?

-It was St Petersburg.

These bonuses are on pain, Liverpool.

Meaning "nerve pain,"

-what medical term is used of pain in the area covered...

-Neuralgia.

-Neuralgia is correct. The term myalgia...

-Muscle pain.

-Sorry?

-Muscle pain.

-Correct.

Deriving from the Greek term, rachialgia denotes pain

in which part of the skeleton?

-Spine?

-Spine is correct. Another starter question.

In geology, the Udden-Wentworth scale is used to classify what?

Hardness?

No, anyone buzz from Liverpool?

It's particle size or grain.

10 points for this. The Andaman and Nicobar islands,

the Sunda Trench and island nations including...

GONG

University of Liverpool have 110, Bath University have 125.

It wasn't the highest scoring match but it was an exciting one.

Liverpool, we're going to have to say goodbye to you, I'm afraid.

Congratulations, Bath, we shall look forward to seeing you in round two.

I hope you can join us next time for another first-round match,

but until then it's goodbye from Liverpool University.

ALL: Goodbye.

-It's goodbye from Bath University

-ALL: Goodbye.

And it's goodbye from me, goodbye.

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