Episode 5 University Challenge


Episode 5

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Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman!

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Hello.

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Ahead of us, another 30 minutes of intellectual shove-ha'penny

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as two teams of students attempt to prove themselves worthy

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of a place in the second round.

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The losers could also qualify to play again

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if their score is good enough.

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Queen Mary became a part of the University of London in 1915

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but began life in 1887 as the People's Palace,

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a philanthropic centre for East Londoners

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which combined educational, cultural and leisure opportunities,

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until it was decided that leisure was getting in the way

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of everything else and had to be stopped.

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It's the result of mergers between four colleges,

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and now has three faculties,

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of which two are devoted to the sciences,

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including Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry.

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Alumni include the cricketer WG Grace

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and the authors Sarah Waters and JG Ballard,

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as well as Graham Chapman of Monty Python fame, and the rarely-seen

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man of mystery, the voice of University Challenge, Roger Tilling.

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Representing around 17,000 students and with an average age of 25,

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let's meet the Queen Mary team.

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Hi, I'm Patrick Woodburn, I'm originally from Woldingham,

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in Surrey, and I'm studying medicine.

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Hello, I'm Alistair Haigh, from Harrogate in North Yorkshire,

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and I'm studying biology and psychology.

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Their captain.

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Hello, I'm Luca Cavalli from South London,

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and I'm studying a Masters in physics.

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Hello, I'm Michael Hammond, I'm from North London,

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and I'm studying history.

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APPLAUSE

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Jesus College, Oxford was founded by Elizabeth I in 1571

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and is the only Oxford college to date from her reign.

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A driving force behind its establishment

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was a wealthy churchman, Hugh Price,

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and its original aim was the education of future clergyman.

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It's known as the Welsh college,

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and up until 1915 it had an almost unbroken succession of principals

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who either came from Wales or were of Welsh descent.

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One of the college's traditions is the Turl Street Dash,

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a fancy dress bike race which Jesus always wins by conveniently

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forgetting to invite any other colleges to take part.

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Tonight's four represent around 470 fellow students,

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and as the oldest of them is only 21, they weren't even born

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when their college last won this series in 1986.

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Let's meet them.

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Hi, I'm Matt Hitchings, I'm from London,

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and I'm reading for a Masters in Mathematical Modelling.

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Hi, I'm Frankie Goodway, I'm from North London,

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and I'm reading English.

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And their captain.

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Hello, I'm Guy Brindley, I'm from Worcestershire,

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and I'm reading Classics.

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Hi, I'm Johnny Woodward, I'm from Winchester,

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and I'm studying Engineering.

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APPLAUSE

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OK, the rules endure from generation to generation

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so I won't bother to remind you of them.

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Fingers on the buzzers, here's your first starter for ten.

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"The House Of Silk", "A Scandal In Belgravia"

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and "A Game Of Shadows" are among...

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Sherlock?

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I can't accept that, I'm sorry,

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and I'll have to take five points off, too.

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..are among recent creative endeavours that feature

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which enduring fictional detective?

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Sherlock Holmes.

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Sherlock Holmes is correct, yes. Sherlock's the name of the television series.

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Right, the first set of bonuses, Queen Mary, are on place names.

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In each case, I want the male given name that links the following.

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What male given name is found in the name of a sound

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in the Gulf of Alaska, a historic town in Virginia,

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and a Highland town near Ben Nevis?

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William.

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Correct. A lake and waterfalls in the Democratic Republic of the Congo,

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a town in County Durham, and the main port of the Falkland Islands?

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-Stanley.

-Correct.

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A new town in County Durham, a city in Cambridgeshire

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on the River Nene, and a Russian city at the mouth of the Neva?

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Pass.

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It's Peter, as in Peterlee, St Petersburg, and so on.

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Right, ten points for this. "The Lion of the North" is a soubriquet

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associated with which 17th-century Swedish monarch...

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Gustavus Adolphus.

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Correct, yes.

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Right, your bonuses, Jesus, are on flowers in Shakespeare.

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Firstly, for five points.

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In Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", Oberon's speech

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"I know a bank where the wild thyme blows" also refers to which flower,

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a member of the rose family sometimes known as sweet briar?

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Damask?

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No, it's eglantine.

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In the same speech, Shakespeare rhymes "eglantine"

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with the name of which flower,

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a species of honeysuckle which Oberon describes as luscious?

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Columbine?

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No, it's woodbine.

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The same speech refers to which flower, noted for its colouring

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and sometimes known as heartsease, which Oberon describes as nodding?

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Primrose?

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Foxglove?

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No, it's Violet. Ten points for this starter question.

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Used of the state of a wire or string stretched between two points,

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or the force exerted by it on a support,

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what term can also be defined as a strained condition of feeling,

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or mutual relations...

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Tension.

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Tension is correct, yes.

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Right, these bonuses are on British islands and their wildlife, Jesus College.

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Which archipelago, 44 miles west of Benbecula, is a World Heritage site

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and has Britain's largest population of fulmars?

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-Saint Kilda?

-Correct.

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Which island off the south-west tip of Pembrokeshire

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is a site of special scientific interest and, with its sister island, Skomer,

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is noted for its colony of Manx Shearwater?

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Ramsay?

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No, it's Skokholm.

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The shore and waters around which island in the Bristol Channel

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are England's first statutory marine nature reserve?

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Lundy.

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Lundy.

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Correct. Ten points for this starter question.

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Born in 1906, which playwright said of his best known work that

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"Its early success was based on a fundamental misunderstanding."

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"Critics and public alike insisted on interpreting in allegorical

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"or symbolic terms a play which was striving all the time

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"to avoid definition"?

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Samuel Beckett?

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Samuel Beckett is correct. Talking about Waiting For Godot.

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Right, your bonuses, Jesus College, are on fluvial geography.

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What two-word term describes the lengthening of a river's course

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by erosion backwards from its source?

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Silting up.

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No, it's headward erosion. What term denotes a sudden change of stream direction

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at the point where the headwaters of a less vigorous river

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are diverted into a more rapidly eroding channel?

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-(Splitting.)

-Splitting?

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No, that's the elbow of capture.

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And finally, name either of the rivers in mid-Wales that are involved in capture.

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The elbow of capture lies about 20 kilometres to the east of Aberystwyth.

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-(Where does The Severn start?

-No, no.)

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(The Wye? I don't know what...)

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The Wye.

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No, it's the River Rheidol and the River Teifi.

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Right, we're going to take a picture round, now.

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For your picture starter, you're going to see a map of Europe.

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For ten points, simply tell me what specific status

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links all the cities marked on it.

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Cities of culture?

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Indeed. They're the European Capital of Culture, yes.

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Those are all who have held the title since the year 2000.

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For picture bonuses, you will see maps showing pairs of cities

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that have held the title in particular years.

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In each case, simply give me the names of the two cities marked.

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Firstly, for five.

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Lille and Genoa.

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Correct. Secondly...

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Amsterdam and Porto?

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No, it's Rotterdam and Porto. And finally...

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Bergen and Liverpool.

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No, it's Liverpool and Stavanger.

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Ten points for this. In chemistry, what term describes

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the specific reaction in which the same compound or element

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is simultaneously oxidised and reduced...

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Redox.

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I'm afraid you lose five points.

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..For example, chlorine reacting with dilute sodium hydroxide

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to form sodium chloride and sodium chlorate?

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Is any of you going to buzz?

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It's disproportionation.

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Bad luck, Jesus. I'd asked for the specific reaction.

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Ten points for this.

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What name is shared by two plants?

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One is a form of thistle native to the Mediterranean, its edible parts

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being the bracts around the unopened flower.

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The other has edible tubers and a name deriving in part

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from a corruption of the Italian for sunflower.

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Fennel?

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No. Jesus College, one of you buzz.

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I'll tell you, it's artichoke. Ten points for this.

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Which three-letter Latin word can be concatenated with the letters R K

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to give one of the smallest known physical objects,

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and with the letters...

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Qua?

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Correct, yes. Q-U-A.

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Right, these bonuses are on writers' block.

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Following six years of creative paralysis, Amy Rosenthal wrote the play On The Rocks,

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in which she alludes to the panic that writer's block induced

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in which New Zealand short story writer?

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Pass, sorry.

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It was Katherine Mansfield. Referring to the writer's block that plagued him,

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who wrote to his agent "I feel that this is almost too much for me",

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12 years after the publication of his first novel Almayer's Folly?

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Hemingway.

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No, it was Joseph Conrad.

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And finally, which poet's spell of writer's block appeared to have ended

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by 2009 with The Cinder Path,

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his first new collection for seven years?

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It won't be Ted Hughes!

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Just any current poet.

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Seamus Heaney.

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No, it was Andrew Motion.

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Ten points for this.

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Master of the Jewels in 1532, Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1533,

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Principal Secretary and Master of the Rolls in 1534

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and Lord Privy Seal in 1536 were all positions obtained

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by which of Henry VIII's ministers, who was executed on charges...

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Thomas More?

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No, you lose five points.

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..on charges of heresy and treason in 1540?

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Cardinal Wolsey?

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No, it was Thomas Cromwell. Ten points for this.

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In 2011, the former French Government Minister

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Christine Lagarde began a five-year term as managing

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director of which United...

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The International Monetary Fund.

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Correct.

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These bonuses, Jesus College, are about British monarchs

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and their relations.

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Firstly, what relation was William IV to Queen Victoria?

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Great-uncle.

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No, he was just an uncle.

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What relation was Edward I to Henry II?

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Grandson?

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No, he was great-grandson.

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And finally, what relation was Charles II to James II?

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Brother.

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Correct. Ten points for this.

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In the measurement of geological time, what is the first subdivision

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of an eon, consisting of periods of several hundred million years?

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An example would be the Cenozoic.

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Era.

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Era is correct, yes.

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Right, these bonuses are on mathematics.

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What is the dual of a regular dodecahedron - that is,

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the solid whose vertices occupy the same space

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as the midpoints of the faces of the dodecahedron?

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Icosahedron?

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Correct, a regular icosahedron, yes. If the side lengths of the aforementioned dodecahedron are 1,

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what is the side length of the dual icosahedron?

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Root two?

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No, it's the golden ratio,

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which is the square root of five plus one all divided by two.

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And finally, continuing in the same vein, homophonically speaking,

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which mathematician, considered the founder of group theory,

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was killed in a duel in May 1832?

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Galois?

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Correct. Right, we're going to take a music round now.

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For your music starter,

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you'll hear an excerpt from a piece of popular music.

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Ten points if you can give me the name of the artist.

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# The loveliness of Paris

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# Seems somehow sad... #

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Sammy Davis Jr?

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No. You can hear a little more, Jesus.

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# ..gay

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# The glory that was Rome... #

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Frank Sinatra?

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No, it's Tony Bennett. So, music bonuses shortly.

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Another starter question,

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so fingers on the buzzers in the hope of getting those music bonuses.

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Ten points for this. In terms of the spelling of their name,

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what links the capital of Uzbekistan,

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the alternative name of Ayers Rock,

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the southernmost continent and the hometown...

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They end in A? No, sorry.

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I'm sorry, and I didn't finish it.

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The hometown of the Beatles, so you lose five points.

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Queen Mary, one of you buzz.

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They start and end with the same letter.

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Correct.

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Well, you failed to recognise

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I Left My Heart In San Francisco from Tony Bennett.

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Your bonuses are three Tony Bennett duets,

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all recorded to coincide with the singer's 85th birthday.

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In each case,

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I simply want you to name the artist with whom Mr Bennett is singing.

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Firstly.

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# She doesn't like crap games with barons and earls

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# Won't go to Harlem in ermines and pearls

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# And I definitely won't dish our dirt

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# With the rest of those girls

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# That's why the lady is a tramp

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# I love the free, fresh wind in my hair. #

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Joss Stone?

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No, Lady Gaga. Secondly.

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# Stranger in paradise

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# Don't send me in dark despair

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# From all that I hunger for

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# But open your angel's arms. #

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Andrea Bocelli?

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Correct.

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And, finally.

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# My life a wreck, you're making

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# You know I'm yours... #

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-Amy Winehouse.

-Yes.

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Right, fingers on the buzzers. Another starter question.

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Ordained as a priest in 1703,

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which Venetian composer was a major influence on the development of...

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Antonio Vivaldi.

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Correct.

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You can retake the lead with these bonuses.

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They're on the artist Maggi Hambling.

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Firstly, for five points.

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In 1980, Maggi Hambling became the first artist in residence

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at which London institution, during which time

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she produced a series of portraits of the actor and comedian Max Wall?

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-Royal Academy?

-No, it was the National Gallery.

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Secondly, a granite and bronze work of 1998

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near London's Charing Cross station

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is designed as a seat and bears the title A Conversation With...

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which literary figure?

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-Oscar Wilde?

-Correct.

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Hambling designed the two 12-foot high steel scallop shells

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installed on Aldeburgh beach in 2003 to celebrate the life

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and work of which composer?

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Benjamin Britten.

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Correct. Right, level-pegging. ten points for this.

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On which island of the eastern Pacific

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is the volcanic cone of Rano Raraku,

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the place at which the rock for the giant statues known as...

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Easter Island.

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Correct, yes.

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You retake the lead.

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Your bonuses, this time,

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are on shorter words that can be made using any of the nine letters

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of the word "Epeolatry", meaning, of course, the worship of words.

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In each case, give the word from the definition.

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Firstly, the national gemstone of Australia, a form of hydrated

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silica, noted for rich iridescence and the play of changing colours?

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Opal.

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Correct. Secondly, a game of Basque origin,

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in which players hurl a ball against a marked wall

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using a basket-like racket strapped to the wrist?

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I'm afraid we'll have to pass.

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That's pelota.

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And finally, mechanical or habitual repetition of something

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to be learnt, often without regard to meaning? For example, preparation for a quiz.

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-Rote.

-Rote is correct.

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Another starter question, now.

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Give either of the similar sounding words

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that indicate the author of the 17th-century religious work Grace Abounding,

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and a painful swelling of the big toe?

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Bunion?

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Bunion is right, yes.

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Your bonuses this time are on geology.

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Igneous rocks are classified as acid or basic according to the level

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of what compound within them?

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Calcium carbonate?

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No, it's silica, or silicon dioxide.

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Secondly, igneous rocks formed at depth are called plutonic,

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while those formed at the surface are called volcanic.

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What term denotes those rocks formed in between?

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Hermetic?

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No, it's hypabyssal.

0:19:260:19:28

And finally, which potassium-rich feldspar,

0:19:280:19:30

found in igneous rocks, usually occurs as white or pink crystals,

0:19:300:19:34

and has a name derived from the Greek for "straight" and "breaking"?

0:19:340:19:37

Quartz.

0:19:400:19:42

No, it's orthoclase. We're going to take our second picture round now.

0:19:420:19:45

For your starter, you'll see an illustration of a scene in a novel.

0:19:450:19:48

Ten points if you can identify the illustrator.

0:19:480:19:50

Lewis Carroll?

0:19:580:20:00

No.

0:20:000:20:01

Queen Mary, one of you buzz.

0:20:010:20:02

No idea? It's John Tenniel. It was indeed for a book by Lewis Carroll.

0:20:040:20:08

Right, so, picture bonuses shortly.

0:20:080:20:10

Another starter question in the meantime.

0:20:100:20:12

Answer as soon as you buzz.

0:20:120:20:13

What is the minimal number of positive cubes needed

0:20:130:20:16

to add together to make 23?

0:20:160:20:18

Four.

0:20:220:20:24

Queen Mary?

0:20:240:20:25

Three.

0:20:270:20:29

No, it's nine. Ten points for this.

0:20:290:20:31

Which savoury dish has a name derived from an old French word

0:20:310:20:34

for the blade of a sword or knife, or for a thin plate,

0:20:340:20:38

possibly referring to its shape?

0:20:380:20:39

Crepe?

0:20:420:20:44

No. Jesus, one of you want to buzz?

0:20:440:20:47

Pizza?

0:20:470:20:48

No, it's omelette!

0:20:500:20:53

Ten points for this.

0:20:530:20:54

In physics, what quantity is given by the double integral

0:20:540:20:57

with respect to time of acceleration?

0:20:570:20:59

Distance.

0:21:010:21:02

Distance travelled is correct, yes. Displacement.

0:21:020:21:05

So we revert to the picture bonus questions, then, you lucky chaps.

0:21:080:21:13

Having seen one of Tenniel's original illustrations

0:21:130:21:16

for Alice's Adventures In Wonderland, your picture bonuses are

0:21:160:21:19

three 20th-century works inspired by Carroll's stories of Alice.

0:21:190:21:23

I simply want the name of the artist in each case. Firstly, for five.

0:21:230:21:27

Dali?

0:21:320:21:34

No, that's by Magritte. Secondly.

0:21:340:21:36

Hockney?

0:21:430:21:45

That's by Sir Peter Blake, But Isn't It Old. And, finally.

0:21:450:21:48

Is that Dali, by any chance?

0:21:570:22:03

Yes, it is!

0:21:580:21:59

Right, ten points for this. In 2010,

0:21:590:22:03

which tennis player became the seventh player

0:22:030:22:05

to win all four grand slam tournaments...

0:22:050:22:08

Rafael Nadal?

0:22:080:22:09

Correct.

0:22:090:22:11

Your bonuses are on alloys, Jesus.

0:22:130:22:15

Phosphor bronze, an alloy used when resistance to wear

0:22:150:22:19

and corrosion is important, is made from copper, phosphorus

0:22:190:22:21

and which other element?

0:22:210:22:23

Tin?

0:22:280:22:29

Correct. What is the principal metal in the alloy called gunmetal,

0:22:290:22:32

which also contains zinc and tin?

0:22:320:22:35

Chromium?

0:22:390:22:42

No, it's copper. Muntz metal consists of 60% copper

0:22:420:22:46

and 40% zinc in the form of what alloy?

0:22:460:22:49

Brass?

0:22:530:22:55

Correct. Four and a half minutes to go, ten points for this.

0:22:550:22:57

What part of the human body is incised to provide drainage

0:22:570:23:00

for an infection in the procedure called myringotomy?

0:23:000:23:03

The brain?

0:23:050:23:06

Anyone want to buzz from Queen Mary?

0:23:060:23:09

The skull.

0:23:120:23:13

No, it's the eardrum. Ten points for this. The solar powered spacecraft launched in 2011 on a mission

0:23:130:23:19

to Jupiter is named after which goddess?

0:23:190:23:22

Juno.

0:23:220:23:24

Juno is correct, yes.

0:23:240:23:26

Jesus College, these bonuses are on authors.

0:23:280:23:30

In each case, name the person who wrote the following.

0:23:300:23:33

All three names begin with the same two letters.

0:23:330:23:35

Firstly, for five.

0:23:350:23:37

Born around 480 BC, the Athenian playwright whose works include

0:23:370:23:40

Alcestis, Medea and The Bacchae?

0:23:400:23:42

-Euripides.

-Correct. Second, a Bishop of Caesarea,

0:23:420:23:45

author of the early fourth-century ecclesiastical history?

0:23:450:23:49

Come on, let's have an answer, please.

0:23:580:23:59

Eumenedes.

0:23:590:24:00

No, it's Eusebius. And finally, a Swiss mathematician,

0:24:000:24:04

author of the 1748 treatise Introduction To Analysis Of The Infinite?

0:24:040:24:09

Euler.

0:24:090:24:11

Correct. Ten points for this. One of the few English words

0:24:110:24:14

to contain the letter U twice in succession, what term may be preceded by...

0:24:140:24:18

Vacuum?

0:24:190:24:20

No, you lose five points.

0:24:210:24:23

..may be preceded by dialect, gas-liquid or space-time?

0:24:230:24:26

Continuum.

0:24:290:24:31

Correct.

0:24:310:24:32

Your bonuses now are on chemistry, Queen Mary.

0:24:340:24:37

What inorganic substance is detected by Nessler's reagent?

0:24:370:24:40

Calcium.

0:24:500:24:52

No, it's ammonia. In the Ostwald process,

0:24:520:24:55

ammonia is oxidised with air in the presence of a platinum catalyst.

0:24:550:24:58

What inorganic acid is the final product of this process?

0:24:580:25:03

Sulphuric?

0:25:070:25:08

No, it's nitric acid.

0:25:080:25:10

What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in an atom of nitric acid?

0:25:100:25:13

Plus two.

0:25:180:25:19

No, it's plus five. Ten points for this.

0:25:190:25:22

The name of which spirit links a collection of poetry by Sylvia Plath,

0:25:220:25:26

a biography of Shelley, a satellite...

0:25:260:25:28

Ariel?

0:25:280:25:30

Ariel is right, yes.

0:25:300:25:32

Queen Mary, your bonuses are on US presidents.

0:25:330:25:36

In each case, name the president from the description.

0:25:360:25:39

Firstly, the governor of Virginia from 1779 to 1781.

0:25:390:25:42

-Jefferson.

-Correct.

0:25:440:25:45

Secondly, the Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913.

0:25:450:25:49

Wilson.

0:25:520:25:54

Wilson is right.

0:25:530:25:54

And finally, the governor of New York state from 1928 to '33.

0:25:540:25:57

Truman?

0:26:020:26:03

No, it was Franklin D. Roosevelt.

0:26:030:26:05

Ten points for this.

0:26:050:26:06

A river, Christmas, a moon and a pair of shoes

0:26:060:26:08

all share what colour according to Elvis Presley?

0:26:080:26:11

Blue.

0:26:120:26:14

Blue is right, yes.

0:26:140:26:16

Your bonuses, Queen Mary, are on dressmaking terms.

0:26:170:26:21

Also used in the roasting of meat, what term can denote large,

0:26:210:26:23

temporary stitching used to join a seam?

0:26:230:26:25

Spit?

0:26:290:26:30

No, it's basting. What term for a wedge-shaped piece of cloth

0:26:300:26:33

is also used for a similarly shaped piece of land

0:26:330:26:35

and occurs occasionally in place names?

0:26:350:26:39

Come on.

0:26:420:26:44

-Pass.

-It's gore.

0:26:440:26:46

And finally, what time meaning a cut or line diagonal to

0:26:460:26:49

the grain of a woven fabric also means a slant or prejudice?

0:26:490:26:53

Gradient.

0:26:530:26:54

No, it's bias. Ten points for this.

0:26:540:26:56

The word "cataclysm" is derived from the Greek word

0:26:560:26:58

for what type of natural disaster?

0:26:580:27:01

Earthquake?

0:27:030:27:04

Anyone want to buzz from Queen Mary? Quickly, come on..

0:27:040:27:07

Tidal wave.

0:27:070:27:09

No, it's a flood or a deluge. Ten points for this. What two-word term

0:27:090:27:12

describes an economic system containing both private and state enterprises?

0:27:120:27:17

Mixed economy?

0:27:180:27:20

Correct. Your bonuses, this time, are on place names.

0:27:200:27:23

All three answers begin with the same two letters.

0:27:230:27:25

GONG

0:27:250:27:27

And, at the gong, Queen Mary, London have 120 points,

0:27:270:27:31

Jesus College, Oxford have 150.

0:27:310:27:33

Well, I think we're going to be saying goodbye to you, Queen Mary.

0:27:390:27:42

You established an early lead,

0:27:420:27:44

and if we'd gone on another ten minutes,

0:27:440:27:45

who knows what might have happened?

0:27:450:27:47

But I think we're going to be saying goodbye to you on 120.

0:27:470:27:49

Jesus College, congratulations.

0:27:490:27:51

We shall look forward to seeing you in round two.

0:27:510:27:53

I hope you can join us next time for another first-round match,

0:27:530:27:56

but until then, it's goodbye from Queen Mary, London.

0:27:560:27:58

Goodbye.

0:27:580:27:59

-It's goodbye from Jesus College, Oxford.

-Goodbye.

0:27:590:28:02

And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.

0:28:020:28:04

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