Episode 7 University Challenge

University Challenge.

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. It's something of a David and Goliath fixture tonight

as a university college takes on a redbrick university giant.

At stake is a place in the second round.

Lincoln College, Oxford was founded by Richard Fleming, the Bishop of Lincoln, in 1427,

and it's said to be Oxford's best preserved college

because its relative poverty over the centuries spared it

from much rebuilding or, as the freshers' handbook puts it,

"There are no grotty '60s annexes to spoil the pretty bits."

One of its traditions takes place on Ascension Day

when hot pennies are thrown off the tower to local schoolchildren,

apparently in order to teach them about greed.

What a pity those nice people at RBS didn't go to school there.

Alumni include John Wesley, the children's writer Dr Seuss

and the novelist John le Carre, who based the character of George Smiley

on Lincoln's rector, the historian Vivian Greene.

Representing around 600 students,

and with an average age of 23, let's meet the Lincoln team.

Hi, I'm Victor Jones.

I'm from South Africa and I'm reading for a doctorate in plant sciences.

Hi, I'm Michael Hopkins, originally from Haywards Heath in West Sussex

and I'm reading biochemistry.

-And their captain.

-Hi, I'm Jacqui Thompson.

I'm from Orange County, California

and I'm reading for a doctorate in experimental psychology.

Hi, I'm Hugh Reid.

I'm from Winchester and I'm reading for a doctorate in history.

APPLAUSE

Manchester University traces its roots to the early 19th century

and today claims to be the largest single-site university in the UK,

with about 40,000 students.

It has a distinguished record on this programme,

having won the competition three times and it is, of course,

the current holder of the trophy.

Among its teaching staff have been the Nobel laureates Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr,

and among its students have been the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein,

the novelist Anthony Burgess and, more recently, the physicist Brian Cox, who's now a professor there.

Representing a student body over 60 times the size of their opponents tonight

and with an average age of 28, let's meet the Manchester team.

Hi, I'm David Brice.

I'm from Kingston upon Thames and I study economics.

Hi, I'm Adam Barr. I'm from Muswell Hill in North London

and I'm studying physics with astrophysics.

And this is their captain.

Hi, I'm Richard Gilbert.

I'm from Warwickshire and I'm studying linguistics.

Hi, I'm Debbie Brown.

I'm from Buxton in Derbyshire

and I'm studying for a PhD in pain epidemiology.

APPLAUSE

OK, the rules are the same as they always are -

10 points for starters, 15 for bonuses,

five-point penalties for incorrect interruptions to starter questions.

Fingers on the buzzer, here's your first starter for 10.

What was defined by Buckminster Fuller as a...

Was it buckyball?

I'm afraid you lose five points in very short order.

Right, you get the rest of it, Lincoln College.

Defined by Buckminster Fuller as a self-balancing,

28-jointed adapter-based biped,

an electrochemical reduction plant

and a universally distributed telephone system

needing no service for 70 years if well-managed.

-Geodesic dome?

-No, it's a human being.

10 points for this. Listen carefully.

Words meaning musical or expressive, not figurative or metaphorical,

and firm in allegiance to a person or institution

all begin and end with which letter...

-L.

-L is correct. Lyrical, literal and loyal.

Right, the first bonuses are to you, then, Lincoln College.

They're on former Soviet republics

from the opening sentence of the country's introduction in the CIA World Factbook.

In each case, identify the country from the description.

Firstly, this country's lands were united under Mindaugus in 1236.

Over the next century, through alliances and conquest,

it extended its territory to include most of the present-day Belarus and Ukraine.

Would that be, like, Moravia or...?

INAUDIBLE

-Silesia?

-It's Moravia, I think.

-Moravia.

-No, Lithuania.

For centuries, the eastern part of this country

formed part of the Persian province of Khorasan.

In medieval times, Merv was one of the great cities of the Islamic world.

-Turkmenistan.

-Yeah, Turkmenistan.

-Turkmenistan.

-Correct.

Formerly part of Romania, this country was

incorporated into the Soviet Union at the close of World War II.

Moldova?

-Moldova.

-Moldova is correct, yes.

10 points for this starter question.

In biology, what term is used for the space enclosed by an organ,

such as the bladder or a tubular structure such as the gastrointestinal tract?

The same word is the SI unit for the measure...

-Lumen.

-Lumen is correct, yes.

Right, your second set of bonuses are on mathematics.

Introduced by the English mathematician John Wallis in 1655,

what is denoted by the mathematical symbol

sometimes called the lemniscate from the Latin for ribbon?

-Infinity.

-Infinity.

-Correct.

In the form of a letter of the Hebrew alphabet with a subscript,

what symbol is used to represent the smallest infinite cardinal number in set theory?

Is it chai, no?

-It might be.

-Chai.

No, aleph-null, aleph-naught, or aleph-zero.

What name is given to a line that acts as the limit of a curve,

such that its distance from the curve

approaches zero as the line tends to infinity?

-Asymptote.

-Yeah, asymptote.

Correct. 10 points for this. The Pinch: How The Baby Boomers

Took Their Children's Future And Why They Should Give it Back

is a work by which politician who became the MP for Havant in 1992?

After the 2010 general election,

he was appointed minister of state for universities and science.

-David Willetts.

-Correct.

Right, your bonuses this time are on stage works, Lincoln College.

Which playwright's stage work Anne Boleyn

premiered at Shakespeare's Globe in July 2010?

His other plays include the Romans In Britain and Pravda.

-Was it...Howard Brenton.

-Howard Brenton?

-Howard Brenton.

-Correct.

The Donmar Warehouse's production of which play by Friedrich Schiller

transferred to Broadway in April 2009 with Janet McTeer in the title role?

It's a female title role. Schiller...

-Ophelia.

-No, it was Mary Stuart. And finally,

what is the three-word alternative title of Shakespeare's Henry VIII,

an early performance of which caused the Globe Theatre to burn down in 1613?

-Too Many Wives?

-Too Many Wives?

-No, it's All Is True.

Right, we're going to take a picture round now.

For your picture starter, you're going to see

a logo of an international animal welfare organisation.

10 points if you can identify the organisation from the logo.

Born Free.

It is the Born Free Foundation, yes.

Following on from that, three more animal welfare organisation logos.

Five points for each you can identify. Firstly...

World Wildlife Fund?

-We don't know.

-I'll show you. It is the League Against Cruel Sports.

Secondly...

Farm animals or something? Some sort of welfare thing. I don't know.

-Heifer International?

-No, that is Compassion in World Farming.

And finally...

It's, like, the thing where they don't test on animals.

It's the RSPCA, isn't it?

RSPCA.

No, that's the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals.

All of them have to work on brand recognition, don't they?

Right, 10 points for this.

"It's no part of a prime minister's duty to take a country into a war

"which he thinks you can't win."

These words were attributed to which Prime Minister

by Alec Douglas-Home, his parliamentary private secretary...

-Eden?

-No, his parliamentary private secretary at the time.

You lose five points.

-Churchill?

-No, it was Neville Chamberlain.

10 points for this.

Deriving ultimately from the Greek meaning burn or sacrifice,

what name is given to a herb with both medical and culinary uses,

which often forms part of the Arabic condiment za'atar and the European bouquet garni?

-Thyme?

-Thyme is correct, yes.

Your bonuses, Lincoln College, are on whales.

From the structure through which they filter food from water,

what term is used to describe whales such as

the Rorqual, Blue, Fin and Humpback?

Baleen.

Correct. Dall's, True's, Spectacled and Harbour

are species of which family of toothed whales,

related to, but more compact than, dolphins?

-Porpoise.

-Porpoise.

-Correct.

Which toothed whales have only two teeth at the upper jaw tip,

the left one of which in males is a straight protruding tusk?

-Narwhal.

-Narwhal.

-Correct.

Another starter question for 10 points,

see if you can get going with it, Manchester.

Bituminous, Barnett, Bearpaw, Wheeler and Burgess

are among words that may describe formations or varieties...

-Shale.

-Shale is correct, yes.

OK, you're off the mark.

-Well, you're on the mark now.

-LAUGHTER

Here are your bonuses. They're on US comic book artists.

Which prolific illustrator and writer was the creator of Fritz The Cat in 1959

and, in 2009, produced an illustrated version of the book of Genesis.

Do you know this? Do you know this?

-I don't know.

-Any ideas?

-No.

-I don't know.

-We don't know.

It's Robert Crumb.

Secondly, Harvey Pekar, who died in 2010, created which comic book chronicle of the mundane?

It formed the basis of film of 2003

which starred Paul Giamatti as Pekar.

It's one word and it's like unbelievable or...

-Incredible, something like that.

-No, it was American Splendor.

And finally, Wilson is a 2010 work by which US graphic novelist

who previously published the books David Boring and Ghost World?

Erm, don't know. Erm...

-Alan Moore.

-No, it's Daniel Clowes. 10 points for this.

Meaning passionate with emotion,

what French word links the title of Beethoven's Piano Sonata No 8...

-Appassionato?

-No, you lose five points.

No 8 in C Minor and the subtitle of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No 6?

I'll tell you. It's Pathetique. 10 points for this.

Long-listed for the Booker Prize in 2010,

which novel by the Australian Christos Tsiolkas

tells of an altercation at a barbecue between a young boy and an adult...

-The Slap.

-The Slap is correct, yes.

Right, your bonuses this time are on mathematics.

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every positive integer

can be written uniquely as a product of one or more of which type of number?

-ALL: Primes.

-Primes.

The statement that every polynomial equation having complex coefficients and positive degree

has at least one complex route is known as the fundamental theorem of which branch of mathematics?

-Number theory?

-Number theory?

-No, it's algebra.

A part of the fundamental theorem of calculus

states that one can retrieve a function up to addition of constants,

by performing which operation to its integral?

Differential.

-Differential.

-Differentiation is correct, yes.

10 points for this starter question.

Which body within the solar system has features which include

the plateau Tellus Regio, the canyon system Hecate Chasma

and the volcano Maat Mons?

-Mars.

-Anyone like to buzz from Lincoln?

Take your time.

-Venus.

-Venus is correct, yes.

Your bonuses this time, Lincoln, are on tennis.

The first African-American to win the men's singles championships at Wimbledon,

which sportsman gives his name to the main tennis stadium of the US Open?

-Arthur Ashe.

-Arthur Ashe is correct.

Secondly, the second-largest court of the Roland Garros stadium in Paris is named after which player?

Nicknamed La Divine, she dominated Wimbledon

and the French championships in the early 1920s.

-Pass.

-That's Suzanne Lenglen.

And finally, in 2000, the organisers of the Australian Open

renamed Melbourne Park Centre Court in honour of which player

who won over 180 titles in a 23-year career?

-Rod Laver?

-Sorry?

-Rod Laver.

Nominate Reid.

Rod Laver.

Rod Laver is correct, yes.

A music round now. For your music starter, you'll hear

a piece of dance music which samples a piece of classical music.

For 10 points, I want you to give me the title of the original classical work and the composer.

MUSIC STARTS

-Samuel Barber, Adagio For Strings.

-Correct.

And you get, after that, three more tracks featuring pieces of popular music which sample classical works.

In each case, I want the composer of the classical work.

# But who's the dummy? Cos now you done lost your hustler

# A down-ass brother got replaced by a buster... #

-Pachelbel.

-Pachelbel is correct. And, secondly...

# Believe me when I say to you

# I hope the Russians love their children, too... #

-Prokofiev?

-It was, yes! And, finally...

# Who ever thought the sun would come crashing down?

# My life in flames My tears concrete the pain

# We fear the end The darkest, deepest riverbed

# My book of life ain't complete without you here

# Alone I sit and reminisce... #

-Mozart?

-No, that's Bach's Air On The G String.

10 points for this. Born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1809,

which literary figure gives his name to the annual awards

presented by the mystery writers of America to honour...

-Edgar Allen Poe.

-Correct.

These bonuses, Manchester, are on a 19th-century Chancellor of the Exchequer.

Quote - "Described as a natural second-in-command,

"Sir Stafford Northcote served as chancellor to which

Prime Minister from 1874 to 1880?

THEY WHISPER INAUDIBLY

-Gladstone?

-No, it was Disraeli.

In its coverage of the 1874 general election, The Times had predicted erroneously that,

"Whoever is Chancellor when the budget is produced, it will be abolished."

To what revenue-raising device, first introduced in 1799, was it referring?

-BOTH: Income tax.

-Income tax.

-Correct.

In 1878, Northcote raised income tax to five pence in the pound,

following increased expenditure on military preparations against which country?

-What year?

-1878.

THEY WHISPER INAUDIBLY

-Was it the Crimea?

-Yeah, I think...

-No, no, no.

-Go for China.

-China.

-No, it was Russia. 10 points for this.

In February 2012, which country beat Cote d'Ivoire in a penalty shoot-out...

-Zambia.

-Zambia is correct, yes.

The African Cup of Nations.

Right, your bonuses are on systems of propulsion this time, Manchester.

What common name is given to a rotary engine that converts fluid flow into work?

-Impeller.

-Impeller?

-Impeller.

-Impeller.

-No, it's a turbine.

What kind of aircraft engine uses a gas turbine to drive a propeller?

-BOTH: Turbo prop.

-Turbo prop.

-Correct.

-What kind of engine uses an aircraft's forward motion as a compressor...

-BOTH: Ramjet.

..and thus operates most efficiently at supersonic speeds?

-Ramjet.

-Ramjet or scramjet or a stovepipe jet is correct.

10 points for this. Which Dutch city gives its name to the treaties of 1713

that concluded British involvement...

-Utrecht.

-Utrecht is correct, yes.

Lincoln, your bonuses this time are on pairs of composers born in the same year.

In each case, name both the composers from the works listed.

Firstly, the composers of Polonaise In A Flat Major

and Symphony No 3 In E Flat Major, The Rhenish, were both born in 1810.

That's probably Chopin and...

Was it Schumann, possibly?

Schumann, Mahler maybe?

-Chopin and Mahler.

-No, it's Chopin and Schumann.

Secondly, the composers of a German Requiem and the opera Prince Igor, both born 1833.

-Was Prince Igor Stravinsky?

-No.

Sorry?

THEY WHISPER INAUDIBLY

-It's not Tchaikovsky. It's Stravinsky or...

-Glinka?

-Or who?

-Glinka.

What was the first one?

Come on, let's have an answer.

Brahms and Glinka.

No, it's Brahms and Borodin.

And finally, the composers of the opera Pagliacci

and the choral work The Dream Of Gerontius, both born 1857?

Leoncavallo and the other is...

-Could be Mahler.

-No, it's too late for Mahler.

Leoncavallo and...

Erm...

Britten.

Britten.

No, it was Elgar. Bad luck. Leoncavallo and Elgar.

10 points for this.

Otherwise known as the auricle,

what term from the Latin for feather or fin

denotes the most visible part of the outer ear present...

-Pinna.

-Pinna is correct, yes.

These bonuses, Manchester, are on place names.

Kingston, Jamaica was named in honour of which British monarch

who'd come to the throne three years before the city was founded in 1692?

-William III?

-William.

-William III.

-Correct.

The 16th century Portuguese explorer Lourenco Marques gave his name

to a southern African capital now known by what name?

Portuguese - that either going to be...

Angola or, it might be Mozambique.

If it's Angola, it would be, erm...

-Lesotho?

-No, it's not going to be Lesotho.

-I think Maputo.

Go for it.

-Maputo.

-Correct.

The market town in central France formally known as La Haye en Touraine

was renamed in the early 19th century in honour of which philosopher born there in 1596?

1596? Descartes?

-Descartes?

-Yeah, go ahead.

-Descartes.

-Correct.

Our second picture round now. For your picture starter,

you're going to see a painting.

10 points if you can name the artist.

-Chagall?

-Anyone like to buzz from Lincoln College?

-Rubens?

-No, it's Hieronymus Bosch.

So, picture bonuses shortly.

10 points if anyone can get this starter question.

First published in 1957, Vance Packard's book The Hidden Persuaders

explained the methods used by which industry in tailoring campaigns...

-Advertising.

-Advertising is correct, yes.

Right, that painting by Hieronymus Bosch depicted the seven deadly sins.

They were scenes from everyday life rather than allegorical representations thereof.

For your bonuses, you will see three sections of the painting.

In each case, I want the sin depicted. Firstly, for 5...

-Sloth?

-Yeah. Probably sloth, yeah.

-Sloth.

-That is sloth, yes. Secondly...

-Vanity.

-Vanity.

Er, no. It's pride. Pride's the sin.

And finally...

Gluttony.

Gluttony.

Gluttony is correct, yes. Right, 10 points for this.

A work of 1763 entitled The Sleeping Beauty

modelled on Louis XV's mistress Madame du Barry

is the oldest work on display at which London location?

-Whitechapel.

-No, anyone want to buzz from Manchester?

National Portrait Gallery?

No, it's Madame Tussauds. 10 points for this.

Lenient ethics is an anagram of the single-word name

of which landlocked state, noted for its...

-Liechtenstein.

-Liechtenstein is correct, yes.

Your bonuses are on autonomous communities of Spain.

Which autonomous community of Spain consists of the island group that includes Minorca and Ibiza?

-Balearics?

-Balearics, yeah.

-The Balearics.

-Balearic Islands is correct.

The Picos De Europa National Park is in the western part

of which autonomous community?

Its capital is Santander.

-Is that Galicia?

-THEY WHISPER AUDIBLY

Aragon.

-It's north-west.

-North-west of Galicia, then.

-Yeah.

-Galicia, north-west?

-Yeah.

-Galicia.

-No, it's Cantabria. A World Heritage site and a place of pilgrimage,

which city is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia?

-Santiago de Compostela.

-Correct.

Five minutes to go, 10 points for this. Which element is next in this sequence given in reverse order?

Vanadium, titanium, scandium, calcium and what?

-Potassium.

-Potassium is correct, yes.

Your bonuses, Lincoln College, are on words that can be made

using any of the eight letters in the word clueless. In each case, give the word from the definition.

Firstly, a sediment that forms during the fermentation of wine or beer.

-Lees.

-Sorry?

-Lees.

-Nominate Jones.

-Lees.

-Lees is correct.

Secondly, the basic monetary unit of Romania.

-Skola or something?

-Skola?

-No, it's the leu.

And finally, on a computer spreadsheet,

the spaces formed by the intersections of rows and columns.

-Cell.

-Sorry?

-Cell.

-Oh, cell.

-Cell is right, yes.

Right, 10 points for this. Four minutes to go

The founder of the Royal Ballet,

born Edris Stannus in County Wicklow in 1898

is more commonly known by what name?

-Alicia Markova?

-No. Lincoln College, one of you buzz?

You don't know?

It's Dame Ninette de Valois.

10 points for this.

The smallest possible social group defined in sociology,

how many members does a dyad have?

-Two.

-Two is correct.

Your bonuses are on Greek mythology this time, Manchester.

Named after the son of the nymph Kleodora

and the human Kleopompus, which Greek mountain

is associated with the god Apollo and was said to be the home of the Muses?

-Parnassus.

-Yeah.

-Parnassus.

-Correct. Which mountain in Crete is sacred

to the goddess Rhea and is said to be the site of the cave in which she gave birth to Zeus?

Ida.

-Ida.

-Correct.

Which densely wooded mountain was said to be the home of the centaurs

and allegedly provided the timber from which the Argo was constructed?

-Don't know. Mount Olympus?

-No, it's Mount Pelion.

10 points for this.

What is the acceleration of a particle of mass three kilograms

when subjected to a linear force of 51 Newtons?

18?

Manchester, one of you buzz?

-17.

-Yes, 17 metres per second squared.

Right, your bonuses this time, Manchester, are on Royal residences.

The private home of four generations of British sovereigns,

which royal residence was the scene of the first Christmas broadcast in 1932?

-Sandringham.

-Sandringham?

-Yeah.

-Sandringham.

-Correct.

Bagshot Park in Surrey is the residence of which member of the Royal Family who married in 1999?

-Oh, was that Prince Andrew?

-No, it's Edward.

-OK.

Prince Edward.

Yes, the Earl of Wessex.

Built by Henry VIII, which palace was the residence of English monarchs for 300 years

and remains an official residence of the sovereign?

-Er, Hampton Court?

-No, it's St James's Palace.

10 points for this. Answer as soon as you buzz.

The names of two US states

end in a letter S that is not pronounced as an S.

For 10 points, name both.

Arkansas and Missouri.

No. Manchester, one of you buzz?

-Arkansas and Illinois.

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on a shared name element.

The official name of China can be abbreviated to PRC. For what do those initials stand?

-People's Republic of China.

-Correct.

The People's Will revolutionary organisation assassinated which Russian Tsar in 1881?

-Alexander II.

-Alexander II.

-Correct.

Which country on the Red Sea gained independence in 1993

after its Peoples Liberation Front

-successfully fought for secession from Ethiopia?

-Djibouti?

-Eritrea.

OK.

-THEY TALK OVER EACH OTHER

-Come on!

-Eritrea.

Correct. 10 points for this.

Born in 1777, which German mathematician gives his name

both to a unit of magnetic induction and to...

-Gauss.

-Gauss is correct, yes.

Level pegging. Your bonuses now are on place names.

Around the size of the Isle of Mull,

and at a latitude of 38 degrees north,

Sado is the sixth largest island of which country?

-Is that Japan?

-Quickly.

-I don't know.

-China maybe?

-Canada.

-Come on.

-Canada.

-No, it's Japan.

Reaching the Atlantic Ocean near the city of Setubal,

the Sado is a major river of which country?

Portugal.

-Portugal.

-Portugal is correct, and at the gong!

At the gong, Lincoln College, Oxford have 175,

Manchester University have 180.

Well, bad luck, Lincoln.

It was a great performance from you

and it was snatched away from you right at the death there,

but I would guess that 175 will certainly be enough for you

to come back as one of the highest-scoring losing teams.

So, thank you very much.

It was a great game and, Manchester, I thought there was no possibility

of you winning that for much of the contest.

I bet you did, too, when you were minus 10!

Anyway, it's a great performance. Congratulations.

We shall look forward to seeing you in round two.

I hope you can join us next time for another first round match.

-It's goodbye from Lincoln College, Oxford...

-Goodbye.

-..goodbye from Manchester University...

-Goodbye.

..and goodbye from me. Goodbye.

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