Episode 18 University Challenge


Episode 18

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win the first place in the quarter-finals.

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Whichever team wins tonight will join them.

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The team from Downing College, Cambridge,

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scored 260 points in their first round match against St John's College, Oxford.

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They answered impressively on Newtonian mechanics, quadratic equations

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and rivers in Nottinghamshire,

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although at one point we did catch them all counting up to seven on their fingers!

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Let's meet the Downing College team again.

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Hello. I'm Tom Claxton, from Grantham in Lincolnshire

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and I'm reading Natural Sciences.

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Hi. I'm Georgina Phillips from Shoreham-by-Sea in Sussex and I'm studying Geography.

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And their captain. Hello, I'm John Morgan from Abingdon in Oxfordshire

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and I'm studying for a PhD in Theoretical Chemistry.

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Hi. I'm Tom Rees from Guildford, and I do Maths.

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APPLAUSE

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The team from Queen's University Belfast

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were neck and neck for much of their first-round match against Aberdeen University,

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Hi. My name is Suzanne Cobain.

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I'm from County Down and I'm reading History.

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Hello. I'm Gareth Gamble from Lurgan in County Armagh

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and I'm studying medicine. And their captain.

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Hello. I'm Joseph Greenwood from Manchester and I'm studying for a PhD in Irish Theatre.

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Hello. I'm Alexander Green from Lytham in Lancashire

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and I'm studying for a PhD in Plasma Physics.

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APPLAUSE

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OK. Let's just get on with it, then. Fingers on buzzers. Here's your first starter for ten.

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Highlighting the number of stabbings in Shakespeare,

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"Mrs Schofield's GCSE" is a response by which poet

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to the removal of another of her works from a GCSE syllabus...

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Carol Ann Duffy. Correct.

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Queen's, your first set of bonuses are on a zoological term.

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Native to south and south-east Asia, it's generally recognised as being the world's largest venomous snake.

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King Cobra? Black Mamba? Largest.

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Black Mamba.

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No, it's the King Cobra. An eagle devouring a serpent

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appears on the flag of which Latin American country?

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Mexico. Correct. Another starter question.

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"The American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonisation

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"by any European powers."

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These are the words of which US president in a speech...

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Monroe. The origin of the Monroe Doctrine is correct.

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These bonuses, Queen's, are on a word.

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Give either of the two Greek-derived words defined by John Stuart Mill in 1868

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as something that is "too bad to be practicable", in contrast to its opposite,

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"a proposal that is impracticably ideal".

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P.D. James. Correct. Noted for his dystopian works,

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which author's first novel, The Drowned World,

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was published in 1962?

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John Wyndham. No, it was J.G. Ballard.

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Ten points for this. In topology,

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what term describes a function between topological spaces

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for which the inverse image of any open set is open,

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a definition that captures the informal notion

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that the function changes gradually, as the variable changes?

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Convex.

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No. Anyone like to buzz from Queen's?

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Concave. No, it's continuous. Ten points for this. Listen carefully.

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John Donne's Meditation number 17

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includes a sentence that begins, "No man is an island."

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Isotopes. Correct.

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What is the name of the equilibrium between the keto- and enol- forms of a compound?

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Pass.

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Tautomeric or tortomerism.

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Two different physical forms of the same element within the same phase are called what?

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Allotrope. Allotrope is correct. Ten points for this.

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What term was coined by the Irish-born painter Robert Barker

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to denote his works from the 1780s onwards

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consisting of large-scale single canvasses

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intended to be displayed on the interior walls of a cylindrical structure

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and viewed from the inside?

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Panorama.

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Correct.

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These bonuses are on the works of Karl Marx.

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Hunter/gatherers. No, it's Communist.

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The subject of an 1845 work by Marx,

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which German philosopher established himself as the mentor of the Young Hegelian or Left Hegelian movement

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with such works as "The Essence of Christianity"?

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Kant. No, it was Ludwig Feuerbach.

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Finally, Marx's pamphlet "The Civil War in France"

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was concerned with which insurrection of 1871 against the French government?

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The Franco Prussian War? No, it's the Paris Commune.

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We're going to take a picture round.

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Basic sponge, yes.

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Delia Smith's works have accompanied many a student leaving home for the first time.

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For your bonuses, you'll see a list of ingredients for three more of her recipes.

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For each one, I want the name of the finished product.

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Caramel. It is caramel, yes.

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Secondly, the specific name of this sauce.

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Parsley sauce. No, that's Bechamel sauce.

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Finally, the two-word term for what's being made here.

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by the French philosopher Destutt de Tracy to denote a science of ideas,

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what term has come to mean a total system of thought and emotion

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by which a social or political group makes sense of the world?

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Discourse.

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Nope.

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Hegemony. No, it's ideology. Ten points for this.

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Which of Shakespeare's characters has been described thus:

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"Mostly, he likes to watch. He's melancholy, brooding and sentimental

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"and some have seen in him a rough sketch for Hamlet.

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"Others find him little more than a self-deluding, jaundiced, one-time libertine."

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The character in question appears in As You Like It

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and delivers the speech "All the world's a stage."

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Benedict.

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No. Downing, one of you buzz.

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Falstaff. No, it's Melancholy Jaques. Ten points for this.

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Three questions on royal spouses for you, Queen's.

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Described by Churchill as "disposed by remarkable appetite and thirst for all the pleasures of the table",

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George of Denmark was the husband of which British monarch?

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Queen Anne. Correct.

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After his marriage to a British monarch,

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who was married successively to Elizabeth of Valoire and to Anna of Austria?

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Pass.

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Phillip II of Spain.

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Finally, which future monarch married Lord Guildford Dudley

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the year before they were both executed at the Tower of London?

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Mary, Queen of Scots. No, it was Lady Jane Grey. Ten points for this.

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In his office at Princeton University,

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Albert Einstein displayed portraits of Faraday, Newton and which Scottish scientist

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Which German scientist gives his name to the principle

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that one cannot simultaneously know the exact momentum and position of a particle?

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Heisenberg. Correct.

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Which Austrian scientist gives his name to the principle

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whose consequence is that no two electrons in a molecule can be in the same quantum state?

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Pauli. Correct. Which Austrian scientist conjected the possibility

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of a cat that was simultaneously dead and alive?

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Schrodinger. Correct. Ten points for this.

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In compound nouns, which seven-letter gerund

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may follow words including frequency, bed, channel, bar and island?

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Alone, the same word may refer to the use of a traditional flavouring agent in beer.

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Hopping. Hopping is correct, yes.

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Right, Queen's. These bonuses are on West Africa.

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Nominate Green. Senegal.

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No, the Republic of Guinea.

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Secondly, which two major rivers flow north-west from the Fouta Djallon

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and give their names to neighbouring countries on the West African coast?

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No, we don't know. Senegal and Gambia is the answer.

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Which river rises in the Guinea Highlands

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and flows north-east through Mali before entering the country to which it gives its name?

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Nominate Green. Niger.

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Niger is correct, yes. Ten points for this.

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A decision by the International Hydrographic Organisation in 2000

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delimited a fifth world ocean with the unique distinction of being a large circum-polar body of water...

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South Sea. South... No. You lose five points.

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What is the fourth and last?

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Gotterdammerung. Correct.

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Secondly, published from 1957, Justine, Balthazar, Mountolive and Clea

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form a tetralogy by Lawrence Durrell named after which Mediterranean city?

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Naples. No, it's Alexandria. The Alexandria Quartet.

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And finally, the four Shakespeare plays sometimes known as the major tetralogy

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begin with the tragedy of which king who ruled from 1377?

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Come along, then, please.

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Puccini, Turandot. Correct.

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Nessun Dorma is almost synonymous with the 1990 FIFA World Cup.

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For your bonuses, you'll hear three other pieces of classical music

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used for TV coverage of football tournaments.

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In each case, I want the tournament and the year in which the music was used.

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Firstly for five.

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MUSIC: Peter and the Wolf by Prokofiev

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Euro 2012.

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Spot on. Well done. It was from Peter and the Wolf, of course.

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Secondly.

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MUSIC: Pavane by Gabriel Faure

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1998 World Cup.

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Yes, it was Faure's Pavane. And finally...

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2004, Holland and Belgium.

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No. Bad luck. It was Euro 2008. But well done otherwise.

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Queen of the Night Aria from The Magic Flute.

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Ten points for this. The name of which composite nuclear particle containing six quarks

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forms the first eight letters of a book of the Old Testament?

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Deuteronomy. No. Anyone want to buzz from Downing?

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Deuteron. Deuteron is correct, yes.

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Deuteronomy was the book in the Old Testament.

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Your bonuses, Downing College, are on mathematics.

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Given the mathematical function F,

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what name is given to the function whose composition with F equals the identity function?

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X to the third, minus one.

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No, it's the cube root of Y minus one.

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Finally, written as a function of Y,

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what is the inverse of the function Y equals E to the power X?

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LN of Y.

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That's correct. The natural logarithm of Y.

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Ten points for this. On 25 December 1991

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who resigned as president of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

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at the same time that this polity was dissolved?

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Gorbachev. Mikhail Gorbachev is right.

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Queen's, these bonuses are on pairs of proper names

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that differ only by the addition of the letter B as the initial letter.

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For example, Radley and Bradley.

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In each case, give both words from the explanations.

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Firstly, female character in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night

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Nominate. Oise and Boise. Oise and Boise, yes.

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And finally, eponymous land in a novel by L.Frank Baum

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and early pen-name of Charles Dickens.

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Oz and Boz. Oz and Boz is right. Ten points for this.

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Formed at Netscape in 1998 as an open source project,

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which global non-profit organisation

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created the Firefox web browser?

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Mozilla. Mozilla is right.

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A set of bonuses on battles for you now, Queen's University.

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Now in the German state of Saxony, which city gives its name to the Battle of the Nations of 1813?

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One of the largest battles before the First World War, it ended in defeat for Napoleon.

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The war in Indo-China was decided by which battle

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when the Vietminh under General Giap used bicycles to carry supplies

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and surround the French positions which were overrun in May 1954?

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Hanoi. No, it was Dien Bien Phu. Ten points for this.

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Give the name of the chemical element

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that has the same symbol as that of the SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature.

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Oh, no, it's not.

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Sorry, if you buzz, you must answer. Queen's?

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Potassium. Potassium is correct.

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K for Kelvin.

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These bonuses are on the Orwell prize for political writing.

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Which Scottish author won the first Orwell prize for journalism in 1994?

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No, it's Neal Ascherson. Bad luck.

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Which former Lord Chief Justice won the 2011 Book Prize for The Rule of Law,

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the award being made posthumously?

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We don't know. That was Tom, Lord Bingham of Cornhill.

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Writing anonymously, Richard Horton won the first Orwell Prize for Blogging in 2009

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with Night Jack, dealing with which profession?

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The police service. Correct, he was a policeman.

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For your picture starter in this second picture round,

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you're going to see a sculpture in an outdoor setting.

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For ten points, simply name the sculptor.

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Gormley. Anthony Gormley is correct. One Other.

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That can be seen at the Yorkshire Sculpture Park in Wakefield.

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For your picture bonus questions, here are three more artworks

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that have been on display at the Yorkshire Sculpture Park.

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Nominate Phillips. Brancusi.

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No, that's Anthony Caro's Promenade.

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And finally.

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LeWitt. No, that's Barbara Hepworth's Family of Man.

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Ten points for this. Coach, biro and goulash are among English words

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that derive ultimately from...

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Hungarian. Hungarian is correct, yes.

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Three questions for your bonuses on optics.

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In optics, what two-word term is used to denote the failure of rays

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from a point object on the optic axis of a lens

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to converge to a point image?

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Or chromatic aberration. Chromatic aberration I'll accept.

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Finally, which colour of the visible spectrum of light

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has the largest refracted indexing glass?

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Violet. Violet is right, yes.

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Ten points for this.

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Riefler, Von Sterneck, Compensated, Torsion and Foucault are varieties...

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Pendulum. Correct.

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These bonuses are on physical geography, Downing College.

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On a weather map, an isohel connects points having equal levels of what?

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Sunlight. Yes, solar radiation.

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On the same class of map, what points are connected by an isohyet?

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Come on. Snow.

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It's equal wind speed. About three minutes 45 to go. Ten points for this.

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Of which operatic title character did Maria Callas say,

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"She is more like a man than a woman. The role doesn't interest me. It's against my principles."

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Carmen. Carmen is correct, yes.

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These bonuses are on palindromic years. For example, 1991 or 2002.

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In which palindromic year BC did the surrender of Athens bring the Peloponnesian War to an end?

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404. Correct.

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In which year did King Alfred the Great defeat the Danes at the Battle of Edington?

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the wife of King Charles II?

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Nominate Cobain. 1661. Correct.

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Ten points for this. Which two-digit number follows GB, IQ and 19

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to give the titles of novels by David Peace, Haruki Murakami...

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84. 84 is correct.

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Your bonuses, Downing College, are on pharmacology.

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Many drugs are purified or modified versions of chemicals originally extracted from plants.

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In each case, give the plant source of the following drugs.

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Firstly, the anticholinergic drug Atropine.

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Pass. It's from deadly nightshade or Belladonna.

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The anti-inflammatory drug Colchicine.

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Ace. Ace is correct, yes.

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Your bonuses, Downing College, are on novels first published in 1928.

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Name the author of each of the following.

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First, for five points, Last Post,

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the final novel of the Parade's End sequence?

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Virginia Woolf. No, that's Ford Madox Ford.

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Second, The Well of Loneliness.

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Virginia Woolf. No, that was Radclyffe Hall.

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And finally, Decline and Fall.

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Virginia Woolf. No, that was Evelyn Waugh.

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Ten points for this. Identify the poet who wrote these lines.

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"The mind is its own place and in itself can make a heaven of hell, a hell of heaven."

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John Milton. Correct.

0:26:550:26:57

These bonuses, Downing College, are on European capitals.

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which city is on the river Dnieper?

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Riga. No, it's Kiev.

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Finally, which city became the capital of a newly-independent country in 1918

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and lies on both sides of the River Vltava?

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Warsaw. No, it's Prague. Ten points for this.

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Which ancient Greek philosopher's doctrine that "All animate beings are of the same family"

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led to his becoming associated with vegetarianism?

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Empedocles. GONG

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No, it was Pythagoras.

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At the gong, Downing College have 135.

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Queen's University Belfast have 210.

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But until then, it's goodbye from Downing College Cambridge. Bye.

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It's goodbye from Queen's University Belfast. Bye!

0:28:300:28:33

And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.

0:28:330:28:35

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