Episode 2 University Challenge

APPLAUSE

University Challenge. Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello, both of the teams playing tonight are doing

so on behalf of Oxford institutions.

One of them being a constituent college of the ancient

university, the other a modern university in its own right.

Oxford Brookes University began life as the Oxford School of Art

in 1865 occupying just one room in the Taylor Institute on St Giles.

Later a School of Science was added

and in 1928 John Henry Brookes became the vice principal of what

was by then the Oxford City Technical School.

It became Oxford Polytechnic in 1970 and a university in its own

right in 1992.

Alumni include the politicians Lynne Featherstone

and Jonathan Djanogly and the George in Gilbert and George.

With an average age of 31, representing

over 18,000 students, let's meet the Oxford Brookes team.

Hi, I'm Simon Joyce from North Oxfordshire

and I'm studying for an MSc in Spatial Planning.

Hi, I'm Paula Ayers, originally from Hertfordshire,

and I'm studying for an MA in the History of Medicine.

And their captain.

Hi, I'm David Ballard, I'm from Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire

and I'm studying Politics and International Relations.

Hi, I'm Stephen Mayes, I'm from Canterbury in Kent,

and I study History.

APPLAUSE

Now, by contrast, Jesus College, Oxford, was founded in 1571.

It was Oxford's first Protestant college.

The driving force behind its creation was the Welsh

churchman Hugh Price, a portrait of whom attributed to Holbein,

hangs in the college's hall.

Its connections with Wales remain apparent in its student

population, bilingual college signs,

and the St David's Day service conducted entirely in Welsh.

Alumni include Harold Wilson and TE Lawrence and tonight's team,

with an average age of 20,

are playing on behalf of around 500 fellow students.

Let's meet the Jesus team.

Hi, I'm Betha Roberts from Barnoldswick in Lancashire

and I'm studying English.

Hi, I'm Louisa Thompson, I'm from Huddersfield in West Yorkshire

and I'm reading English.

And their captain.

Hello, my name is Alex Browne, I'm from Buckinghamshire

and I'm studying Chemistry.

Hi, my name is Jonathan Clingman, I'm from Finchley in North London

and I'm studying Physics.

APPLAUSE

OK, the rules are the same as ever, so fingers on the buzzers,

here's your first starter for ten.

What final three letters link words meaning a gemstone variety of

corundum, a literary form practiced by Horace and Juvenal,

and the home area...

BUZZER

I-R-E.

Correct as in sapphire, satire, and Tolkien's Hobbits' home.

You get a set of bonuses, Jesus, then on a Tudor figure.

Born in Putney around 1485, who was Henry VIII's chief adviser

from 1532 until he was executed for heresy and treason in 1540.

THEY CONFER

Thomas More.

No, it was Thomas Cromwell.

Secondly what was the name of the Archbishop of York

who in the 1520s employed Cromwell as his solicitor dealing with

the dissolution of the monasteries?

THEY CONFER

Cardinal Wolsey.

Correct. In 1534 Cromwell secured passage

of which acts that recognised

Henry VIII as the Head of the Church of England?

THEY CONFER

The Reformation Act.

No, it was the Act of Supremacy. Right, fingers on the buzzers.

Another starter question. William Shakespeare,

the Duke of Wellington, Florence Nightingale, Isaac Newton,

Christopher Wren, George Stephenson, Michael Faraday, Charles Dickens

and Edward Elgar have shared what distinction since 1980?

BELL

They've been on banknotes.

Indeed, English banknotes, yes.

APPLAUSE

A set of bonuses on a physical constant, Oxford Brookes.

In 1676 the Danish scientist Ole Romer became the first to

make an accurate measurement of what physical

constant by observing the satellites of Jupiter?

-(I honestly don't know.)

-Pass.

It was the speed of light.

In 1727 the English astronomer James Bradley independently

determined the speed of light

while explaining the apparent circular movement of distant stars.

This effect, due to the velocity of the Earth, is known by what term?

THEY CONFER

Doppler.

Doppler? No, it's stellar or annual aberration

And finally, the first successful attempts to determine

the speed of light through earthbound experiments were

performed in 1849 by Armand Fizeau and which French physicist?

He gives his name to a pendulum that demonstrates

the rotation of the Earth.

-Foucault. Foucault.

-Foucault.

Correct. Ten points for this.

At standard temperature

and pressure its bulk modulus is just over two gigapascals,

its viscosity is 0.001 pascal seconds and its specific heat

capacity is 4.19 kilojoules per kilogram per Kelvin.

BUZZER

Water.

Water is correct.

APPLAUSE

Jesus, this set of bonuses are on Wikipedia editors.

For, your first five, possibly,

in 2012 the philosophy graduate Justin Knapp became the first

person to be credited with one million Wikipedia edits.

He is especially noted for his work on the bibliography

page of which English novelist born in Bengal in 1903?

THEY CONFER

Nominate Thomson.

Rudyard Kipling.

No, it's George Orwell.

Secondly, what institutions associated with a beverage

and with, for instance, the Chinese city of Chengdu

give their name to the help space which is "A friendly place to

"help new editors become accustomed to Wikipedia culture?"

Something to do with tea possibly?

Or coffee? I don't know.

Pass.

It's teahouse.

In an interview in 2014 the Wikipedia co-founder

Jimmy Wales stated that he used to edit a lot of entries about which

specific UK political body often symbolised by a red portcullis?

-Treasury.

-The Treasury.

No, it was the House of Lords.

Ten points for this.

Then a small fishing village, which present day city is the

location of an 1854 treaty that opened its country to foreign trade?

Sometimes included on lists of the world's largest suburbs

because of its proximity to its country's capital it was the...

BUZZER

Yokohama.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, Jesus, these are bonuses

on the International Sociological Association's

list of books of the 20th century.

Firstly, at number two on the list,

The Sociological Imagination is a 1959 work that called

for a humanist approach connecting the various dimensions of our lives.

Which US sociologist was the author?

THEY CONFER

Pass.

C Wright Mills.

Secondly, which seven letter word completes

the title of the fifth placed book, Peter Berger

and Thomas Luckmann's 1966 work the Social Construction of...?

THEY CONFER

Culture.

No, it's Reality.

The first on the list,

Economy and Society is a 1922 work by which German sociologist?

THEY CONFER

-Weber.

-Weber.

Yes, Max Weber is correct.

Right, we're going to take a picture around now.

For a picture starter you're going to see a common Russian word.

For ten points all you have to do is to give me its meaning in English.

BELL

Good.

Good or well is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE DROWNS SPEECH

Following on from khorosho, or horrorshow,

as it's spelt in nadsat, the fictional register

used in Anthony Burgess's novel A Clockwork Orange,

here are three more Russian words

on which nadsat words are based.

In each case give both the nadsat word and the English equivalent.

Firstly for five.

It's Gulliver. I don't know what the nadsat word is.

THEY CONFER

Golov and throat.

Golova is the Russian word. It means head.

And gulliver is the nadsat word.

So I can't accept that. Secondly.

THEY CONFER

Speak, I think. To speak.

Nominate Ayers.

-Govori and speak.

-No, it's govorit, meaning to speak.

You've got the derivation, but you came to the wrong conclusion.

Finally.

THEY CONFER

Nominate Ayers.

Devochka, woman.

Yes, it's more or less there. Meaning girl.

Excellent. I'll accept that. Ten points for this.

First performed in 2012 which play by Nick Payne is a two hander

which uses the concept of a multiverse to explore

the relationship between a beekeeper and a quantum cosmologist?

The title is the plural for the term for a group of stars.

BUZZER

Constellations.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses, Jesus, are on infectious diseases.

The broad group of viruses transmitted by vectors

such as mosquitoes, lice and ticks is known by what nine letter term?

THEY CONFER

Parasitic.

No, it's arbovirus.

Secondly the letters WNV stand for which arbovirus

named in part after the major African river where it originated?

There have been frequent outbreaks in North America since 1999.

THEY CONFER

West Nile Virus.

Correct. Causing jaundice and often fatal,

which arbovirus is transmitted by mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti?

It is endemic in large areas of Africa and South America.

THEY CONFER

Yellow fever.

Correct. Another starter question. Pinguinus impennis has what

two word common name?

The last to be seen in Scotland was killed on St Kilda in 1840

supposedly after islanders mistook it for...

BELL

-The great auk.

-The great auk is correct.

APPLAUSE

Apparently they mistook it for a witch.

Your bonuses, Oxford Brookes, are on words

and phrases coined in the 1990s.

Firstly an imitation of the word literati.

What eight letter term was coined in the 1990s for people having

professional involvement or expertise in information technology?

THEY CONFER

Could be Twitterati.

THEY CONFER

Pass.

It's digerati.

Secondly, referring to a common internet address suffix what

six letter term was coined in the mid-1990s for a company that

uses the internet for business?

Dotcom. Dotcom.

Correct.

Coined in 1990 what seven letter term denotes software such

as viruses, worms and trojans

written with the intent of disrupting or

damaging a computer?

Malware.

Correct. Ten points for this.

In which play by Shakespeare do characters take part in a pageant

and present themselves as great men of antiquity including

Judas Maccabeus, Hercules and Alexander the Great?

BUZZER

Love's Labour's Lost.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

Here are your bonuses, Jesus College.

They're on posthumously published novels.

Firstly, for five points,

put together from a manuscript by her editor Brendan King,

The Girl in the Polka Dot Dress is an unfinished novel by which

Liverpool-born writer who died in 2010?

THEY CONFER

-Nominate Thompson.

-Beryl Bainbridge.

Correct. The Pale King, published in 2011, is an unfinished novel

by which US author who died in 2008?

His other works include the Broom of the System and Infinite Jest.

-David Foster Wallace.

-David Foster Wallace.

Correct.

2011 saw the posthumous publication of Maeve Gilmore's novel

Titus Awakes which was drawn from the notes left by which writer,

her husband, who predeceased her?

THEY CONFER

-John Updike.

-John Updike.

No, it was Mervyn Peake.

I think it's time we had a music round now.

For your music starter you're going to hear

a song from a film soundtrack.

For ten points I want you to name the film.

# I am a man... #

BUZZER

O Brother, Where Art Thou?

Correct. By the Coen brothers.

APPLAUSE

As you obviously know, the main characters of

O Brother, Where Art Thou?

record a version of I Am a Man of Constant Sorrow,

calling themselves the Soggy Bottom Boys.

Your bonuses are three more performances by fictional bands.

I want the title of the film that each comes from.

Firstly for five a two word title.

# Mustang Sally

# Guess you better slow the Mustang down... #

-The Commitments.

-Yes.

The Commitments.

Correct. Secondly, a four word title.

# I know all the games you play

# And I'm going to find a way to let you know

# That you'll be mine some day... #

THEY CONFER

-Let's have it please.

-Pass.

That was from That Thing You Do. And finally another four word title.

# Stonehenge

# Where the demons dwell where the banshees live

# And they do live well... #

THEY CONFER

-This Is Spinal Tap.

-This Is Spinal Tap.

Correct. Ten points for this.

Chupaderos in Mexico and Mundrabilla in Australia are associated with

notable examples of what general class of objects?

They can be subdivided into

aerolites, siderolites and siderites,

the examples given being siderites with a mass of more than ten tonnes.

BELL

Meteorites.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

This set of bonuses is on lasers.

Which German-born scientist gives his name to two coefficients

relating to spontaneous emission and stimulated emission.

Their ratio is used to determine how to achieve population

inversion in a laser system?

-Nominates Mayes.

-Stefan Boltzmann.

No, it's Einstein.

Which French physicist gives his name to a scattering or

phase shift of laser light

upon interaction with sound waves moving within a material?

THEY CONFER

Doppler.

No, it's Brillouin. Brillouin scattering.

And finally natural lasing has been observed in the ten

micrometer bands of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus

and which other planet?

THEY CONFER

Mercury.

No, it's Mars. Ten points for this.

Being the first name by which they were best known, what links

the highest run scorer in first-class cricket,

the manager of the Republic of Ireland football team

from 1986 to 95 and the US golfer...?

BELL

Charlton.

No, I'm afraid you lose five points.

..The manager of the Republic of Ireland football team

from 1986 to 95 and the US golfer nicknamed The Golden Bear?

BUZZER

Bob.

No, it's Jack.

Ten points for this. Listen carefully.

Antiseptics such as Benzalkonium chloride or Cetrimide

belong to a class of compounds with the shorter named QACs or QACS.

For what does the abbreviation stand?

None of you is going to tell me. Its Quaternary Ammonium Compounds.

Ten points for this.

Which decade saw the subjugation of Catalonia by Philip V

of Spain, the Treaty of Rastatt that which ended a major

conflict between Austria and France, and in Scotland

battles against Jacobite rebels at Sheriff Muir and Glen Shiel?

BELL

1760s.

No. One of you want to buzz from Jesus?

BUZZER

1780s.

No. It's the 1710s. Ten points for this starter question.

"If a plant cannot live according to nature it dies, and so a man."

These are the words of which US thinker

in a work first published in 1849?

BELL

-Thoreau.

-Thoreau is correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on Shakespeare and children's authors, Oxford Brookes.

Beautiful Stories From Shakespeare is a collection by which

children's author?

Published in 1907, it followed her novels The Story Of The Amulet

and The Railway Children the previous year.

THEY CONFER

-E Nesbit.

-E Nesbit is correct.

Shakespeare's Stories and Shakespeare: The Animated Tales

are works by which author born in 1921?

His novels for children include Jack Holborn

and The King Beneath The Sea.

-Pass.

-That was Leon Garfield.

And finally what was the surname of the siblings who collaborated

on Tales From Shakespeare in the early 19th century?

Lamb.

Charles and Mary Lamb is correct.

Now we're going to take another picture round.

You're going to see a portrait of a notable writer.

Ten points if you can name the writer.

BUZZER

Mark Twain.

No. Anyone like to buzz from Oxford Brookes?

BELL

Dickens.

Dickens? It doesn't look the slightest bit like Dickens. No.

That is Anton Chekhov. Picture bonuses in a moment or two.

Another starter question in the meantime. Listen carefully.

The French words for father and mother may both be made using

letters of the name of which SI base unit?

BUZZER

Ampere.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

You get the picture bonuses, Jesus College.

Chekov was the person you saw. His last play, The Cherry Orchard,

premiered in 1904.

For your bonuses three more photographs of writers,

and each writer's works include at least one with the title

naming a type of fruit.

For five point I want the name of the work and the author.

Firstly this author and the literary work.

THEY CONFER

-No. Sorry.

-Pass.

That's Roald Dahl and the book we are looking for was

James And The Giant Peach.

Secondly this author and the literary work?

That's Steinbeck and The Grapes Of Wrath.

Steinbeck and The Grapes Of Wrath.

Correct. Finally this author

and two of her works, each with the name of a fruit in the title?

THEY CONFER

-Come on, let's have it please.

-Jeanette Winterson.

-Oranges Are The Only Fruit and... Oranges Are Not...

-Nominate Thompson.

Jeanette Winterson, Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit and The Apple Tree.

No. Sexing The Cherry was the second one so I can't give you the points.

Ten points for this.

In 1930 who became the first Asian and the first non-American to be

named Time magazine's man of the year?

BELL

Mahatma Gandhi.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, Oxford Brookes, your bonuses are on years that contain only

two different digits, for example 1515 and 1666.

In each case name the year that saw the following.

Firstly, the publication of John Howard's

The State of the Prisons in England and Wales

and the Battle of Saratoga?

THEY CONFER

-1771.

-It could be 1777.

1771.

No. It's 1777.

Secondly, the passing of the Care of King During his Illness Act

and the first performance of Beethoven's Emperor Piano Concerto?

It's George III, isn't it?

THEY CONFER

-Could be 1818.

-No, that's too late for George III isn't it?

-1771.

1771.

No, it's 1811.

And finally the abolition of slavery in Brazil and the deaths

of the German emperors William I and Frederick III.

THEY CONFER

1888.

Correct.

About three minutes to go and ten points for this.

In Greek mythology the three Graeae had only one between them,

The giant Argos had 100 and Poseidon's son...?

BUZZER

Teeth.

No. I'm afraid you lose five points.

..And Poseidon's son Polyphemus

had only one what?

BELL

Eyes.

Eyes is correct.

APPLAUSE

Right, your bonuses are on shorter words that can be made using

any of the ten letters of the word voluptuous.

In each case give the word from the definition.

Firstly, the common name for the Egyptian water lily

and the bird's foot trefoil, it also indicates a sutra often

venerated as the highest Buddhist teaching.

-Got anything at all?

-No.

-Pass.

It's lotus.

Secondly an SI derived unit equal to the potential

difference between two points of a conducting wire carrying

a constant current of one ampere

when the power dissipated between these points is equal to one what?

THEY CONFER

Volt.

Correct. Finally, a four letter Latin word used in music to denote

a separate composition or set of compositions.

Opus.

Correct. That puts us on level pegging. Ten points for this.

Which mammalian organ is the location of the utriculus,

-the sacculus and the osseous ampule?

BELL

Ear.

Correct.

APPLAUSE

These bonuses, Oxford Brookes, are on geology.

Which Hebridean island gives its name to a major

division of Precambrian rocks in north-western Scotland?

The metamorphic rock known as gneiss is predominant.

Jura.

No, it's Lewis.

Characterised by stubby lenses of feldspar

which variety of gneiss takes

its name from the German word for eyes, the sensory organs that is?

THEY CONFER

-Come on, let's have it please.

-Nominate Joyce.

Augen.

Correct. And finally, a sheer cliff of gneiss around 1,100 metres high,

the Troll Wall, is in which European country?

THEY CONFER

Norway.

Correct. Ten points for this.

Which horse shared the stables with Merrylegs

and Ginger at Birtwick Park in a children's work of 1877?

BUZZER

Black Beauty.

Correct. Jesus, you get the bonuses.

They are on the philosopher Francis Bacon.

Published from 1597, Bacon's Essays share their title with

that of works by which French philosopher born 1533?

Quickly.

THEY CONFER

-Come on.

-Descartes.

No, it's Montaigne. Bacon's utopian work New Atlantis

took its title from the myth of Atlantis...

GONG

And at the gong Jesus College, Oxford have 120,

Oxford Brookes have 130.

APPLAUSE

Well, it's not been the highest scoring match.

Jesus, you took too long, far too long conferring

and making your minds up about things, but 120 is

a perfectly respectable score. Oxford Brookes,

congratulations to you. You left it a bit late, but you made it.

We look forward to seeing you in round two.

I hope you can join us for another first round match,

but until then it's goodbye from Jesus College Oxford.

Goodbye.

-It's goodbye from Oxford Brookes University.

-Goodbye.

And it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.

APPLAUSE