Episode 1 University Challenge


Episode 1

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-CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

-Christmas University Challenge.

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Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

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Hello. For once, students can put their feet up -

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do they ever do anything else? -

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for this Christmas series of University Challenge,

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in which graduates - some of whom were contemporaries of Erasmus -

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demonstrate they're as sharp as ever they were

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for the glory of the institutions that made them.

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How will they fare when asked the kind of things

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we expect students to know?

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Ten teams have agreed to compete,

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and they'll play in five first-round matches,

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the first of which is tonight.

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The four winning teams with the highest scores

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will go through to the semifinals,

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and the chance of some real achievement in their lives at last.

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First up, a team who were all graduates of the University of York,

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one of the so-called "plate glass" institutions founded in the 1960s.

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They include one of the world's leading experts in infectious diseases

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and a Visiting Professor of Zoology at Oxford University,

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a performer who's won both the Funny Woman Award

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and the Best Joke Award at the Edinburgh Festival,

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one of the UK's leading political commentators,

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also known for his charity work on BBC radio and television,

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and the final team member is a contributor to numerous

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television and radio programmes and author or that invaluable

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self-help manual, How To Clone The Perfect Blonde.

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Now let's ask them to introduce themselves in the time-hallowed manner of this programme.

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Hello, I'm Chris Dye.

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I read biology in the 1970s

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and I now work at the World Health Organization.

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Hello, I'm Zoe Lyons. I did psychology at York University.

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I graduated in 1992, and I'm now a stand-up comedian.

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-And their captain.

-I'm Steve Richards.

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I did history at York, graduated in 1981.

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Now a political columnist for The Independent, and broadcaster.

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Hello. I'm Richard Hollingham

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and I graduated in 1991 with a degree in

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applied and environmental biology,

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and I'm a science journalist and author.

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APPLAUSE

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Now, their opponents are all graduates of the University of Manchester.

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The first of them is the co-founder and chairman of one

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of Britain's leading companies specialising in urban renewal.

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He also happens to be the current Chancellor of Manchester.

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Next to him, someone who used a degree in astrophysics to good effect,

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and has now become one of the UK's most successful card players.

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Their captain is the longest-serving art critic in the national press

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and the award-winning presenter of numerous television programmes on the arts.

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And finally, a former big cheese on programmes like Inside Story

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and Panorama, now that walking oxymoron, a professor of journalism.

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But let's hear from them in their own words.

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Hi. I'm Tom Bloxham, I was studying politics,

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modern history at the University of Manchester, I finished in 1986

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and now I work for a company called Urban Splash - property developers.

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Hello, I'm Liv Boeree.

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I studied physics with astrophysics, graduating in 2005,

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and now I'm a poker player and TV presenter.

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And their captain.

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I'm Waldemar Januszczak when I'm in Poland.

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In England, I'm "Wal-da-mar Jan-us-ack".

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I studied art history in Manchester in the 1970s,

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and now I'm an art critic.

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Hello. My name's Steve Hewlett. I studied liberal studies in science,

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which in English means history and philosophy of science and biology.

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Sounds better than it was, I can promise.

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I write for the Guardian and present a media show on Radio Four.

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APPLAUSE

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OK, well, the rules are the same as they are for the students, of course.

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Ten points for starter questions, 15 for bonuses.

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Starter questions are solo efforts, bonuses are team efforts.

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If you interrupt a starter question with an incorrect answer,

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you lose five points.

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Fingers on the buzzers. Here's your first starter for 10.

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"When a man is tired of London,

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"he is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford."

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These are the words of which literary...

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-Samuel Johnson.

-Correct. In 1777.

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APPLAUSE

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So, York, you get the first set of bonuses. They're on world rulers.

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I will read a list of rulers who were on the throne or in power

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during the first year of a given century.

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In each case, all you have to do is to name the century.

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Firstly for five, King Cuthred of Kent,

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the Tang Chinese Emperor Deh-Dzung, and the Emperor Charlemagne?

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THEY CONFER

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-Tenth century or something like that?

-Yeah. Tenth century.

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No, it was the ninth century. Secondly, for a possible five, Wenceslas II of Bohemia,

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Philip IV of France and James the Just of Aragon?

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THEY CONFER

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-13th, or...?

-13th or 14th?

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-Shall we give a guess for 14th?

-Yeah.

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-14th.

-Well done.

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And finally for five, Boris Godunov of Russia, Pope Clement VIII,

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and the Mughal Emperor Akbar?

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17th. 17th.

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-17th.

-Correct.

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-Another starter question now.

-APPLAUSE

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The Inn, Enns, Drava, Tisa and Sava are among tributaries of which river,

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formed by the confluence of the Breg and the Brigach,

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both of which rise in the Black Forest?

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-The Rhine?

-Anyone like to buzz from York?

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You may NOT confer. One of you may buzz.

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But you're not going to. It's the Danube. Ten points for this.

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If the full name of W begins with T, with what letter does

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the full name of K begin, in terms of chemical symbols?

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-P.

-Correct, yes.

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APPLAUSE

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Piece of cake for you, that one, surely. Right, your bonuses this time are on popular magazines, York.

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Founded in 1967, which publication featured an interview in 1010 with General Stanley McChrystal,

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then commander of US and NATO forces in Afghanistan,

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which was widely interpreted as being critical of President Obama's team?

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THEY CONFER

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-Wire.

-Wire?

-Something like that.

-Wire?

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No, it's the Rolling Stone magazine. Secondly, published since 1952 and describing itself as

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a "unique multimedia magazine", which publication's writers have included

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Julie Burchill and Tony Parsons, and editors such as Steve Sutherland and Conor McNicholas?

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THEY CONFER

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-NME.

-Correct.

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A former editor of the NME, Nick Logan, founded which publication

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in 1978, whose writers included Miranda Sawyer and Neil Tennant?

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-Was it The Face?

-I'd guess The Face.

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-The Face?

-No, it's Smash Hits.

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10 points for this. In which opera by Verdi

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is the title character a hunch-backed court jester,

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cursed by the Count of Monterone?

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-Rigoletto?

-Correct.

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APPLAUSE

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Your bonuses are on swords, York.

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In Lewis Carroll's Through The Looking Glass,

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the beamish boy uses the vorpal sword

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to slay which creature?

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You don't need to buzz, just tell us.

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-Jabberwocky.

-Jabberwocky.

-The Jabberwock is correct.

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In an eponymous song, which paladin of Charlemagne wields Durandal,

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a sword he attempts to break when he's close to death

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to avoid it being captured by the Saracens?

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-We don't know.

-It's Roland.

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And finally, for a possible 5, in Malory's La Morte d'Arthur,

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which knight throws Excalibur to the Lady Of The Lake

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on the death of King Arthur?

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-Gawain?

-Ga-what?

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Gawain?

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-Gawain?

-No, it's Sir Bedivere.

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Maybe you'll get going with this picture round, Manchester.

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Your picture starter is some lines from Shakespeare,

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translated into another language.

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10 points if you can identify the play they come from

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AND the language of the translation.

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No talking.

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BUZZER

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Twelfth Night, Portuguese?

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No. I think you've had long enough to look at this, York.

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Will any of you have a go? You'll kick yourselves.

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It's Hamlet in Esperanto. We'll see the whole thing. There it is.

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LAUGHTER

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So picture bonuses shortly.

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10 points for a starter question in the meantime.

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Answer as soon as you buzz.

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Give the pronunciation of all three of the common homophones

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that mean, "Mark that shows a proposed insertion in a text,"

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"Unit of measure for precious stones,"

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and "Metaphorical means of persuasion..."

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-Carrot.

-Correct, yes.

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APPLAUSE

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Right, so you get the picture bonuses.

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Following that Esperanto translation

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of Hamlet's "To be or not to be" soliloquy,

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your picture bonuses are the titles of three

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of Shakespeare's plays in Esperanto.

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In each case, I want the name of the play in English. Firstly, for 5.

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THEY LAUGH

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THEY CONFER

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Ooh, that's a good idea.

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Shall we try it? Merry Wives Of Windsor. We are...

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No.

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..guessing knowledgeably.

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No, I'm afraid you're definitely NOT guessing knowledgeably.

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No, I'll show you.

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Secondly...

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The something of something.

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So what's the of?

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Merchant Of Venice?

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Merchant Of Venice.

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The Merchant Of Venice.

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No, it's the wrong number of words, isn't it?

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And finally...

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Oh, this could be The Merchant Of Venice.

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It could be, yeah.

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-The Merchant Of Venice.

-Yes, it is. Yes.

-Hurrah.

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Right, 10 points for this. In Greek mythology,

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the maenads or "raving ones" were the female followers of which god?

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BUZZ

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-Dionysus?

-Yes!

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APPLAUSE

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You storm away to a set of bonus questions on chickens.

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Firstly, for 5 points.

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Known for its aggressive males, which breed of domestic fowl

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is thought to be named after a province of northwest Java?

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It also gives its name to a weight division in professional boxing.

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Yeah, it's bantam.

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Correct. Originating from a town between Lyon and Geneva,

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which French breed became, in 1957,

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the first chicken to be protected by an appellation d'origine controlee?

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Lyonnaise chicken?

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-Valance?

-No, it's a Poulet De Bresse.

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And finally, what name links a young chicken reared for eating

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and the painter regarded as a leader

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of the French Classical tradition in the 17th century?

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In which...? The 17th? Erm...

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-Poussin.

-Of course!

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LAUGHTER

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Right, 10 points for this.

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"Man owes his entire existence to the state

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"and has his being within it alone."

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These are the words

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of which German philosopher in a work of 1830?

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Hegel?

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-Hegel is right, yes.

-APPLAUSE

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Your bonuses, Manchester, this time are on diagnostic medical tests.

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Firstly, the sweat test measures the amount of sodium chloride

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in sweat produced under standard conditions.

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What genetic disorder is it used to diagnose?

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THEY CONFER

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GENETIC disorder?

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-Let's have it, please.

-Diabetes?

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No, it's cystic fibrosis.

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The Heaf and Mantoux tests are skin tests routinely used

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to screen for which infectious disease?

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Tuberculosis.

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-Tuberculosis?

-Correct.

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The urea breath test is used to detect Helicobacter pilori.

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With which condition is the presence of this bacterium associated?

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Ugh.

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-Diabetes.

-No, it's stomach ulcers.

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10 points for this.

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Shared by 12 popes between 140 and 1958,

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what name is the Latin form of an English word

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meaning dutiful, religious or devout?

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Benedict?

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No. Anyone like to buzz from York?

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It's Pius.

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10 points for this.

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"The wino bar" is an anagram of the title of which 1915 novel?

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Set largely in Nottinghamshire,

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its characters include Tom Brangwen and Anna Lensky.

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You may not confer!

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Women In Love? Sorry, I was trying to think quickly.

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York? Not quickly enough or accurately enough.

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York, come on.

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One of you buzz.

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No, I'll tell you. You had the right author. It's The Rainbow.

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10 points for this.

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What adjective links two-word terms meaning,

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in chemistry, ethanol that contains one percent of water by weight,

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in politics, a majority over all rivals combined,

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and, in physics,

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the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible?

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Absolute zero?

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Yes. "Absolute" is the word I was looking for, but I'll accept that.

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Right, so you get a set of bonuses on ancient artefacts, York.

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Made of marble, the Salamis Tablet,

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discovered on the Greek island of that name in 1846,

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is an example of which device,

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believe to have been used by Babylonians from around 300 BC?

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Any idea at all?

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-Astronomical?

-Yeah.

-Some kind of astronomical chart, or...?

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A sextant.

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-A sextant, for navigation.

-Sext...?

-SexTANT.

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-A sextant.

-No, it's a counting board, or calculation device.

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A series of coloured strings and knots, thought to have been used

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mainly for recording data or for counting, the quipu, Q-U-I-P-U, was

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the invention of which civilisation which had no written language?

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-Come on, let's have a go, please.

-Aztec.

-No, it's the Incas.

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Soroban is the ancient calculating device known in English

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by which name, probably deriving from the Hebrew word for dust?

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-No.

-We don't know.

-It's abacus.

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Right, we're going to take a music round now.

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For your music starter, you'll hear a piece of classical music.

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All you have to do is give me the name of the composer to get ten points.

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ORGAN MUSIC PLAYS

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Bach.

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Correct.

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APPLAUSE

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That was his Fantasia in G, one of the organ pieces

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selected for the Royal Wedding in April 2011.

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For your bonuses, three more pieces played in Westminster Abbey

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as the guests were arriving for the ceremony.

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All this time by British composers.

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In each case, simply name the composer.

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ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS

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Vaughan Williams.

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No, that was Elgar, Serenade For Strings. Secondly...

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ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS

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Vaughan Williams?

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No, that was by Benjamin Britten, Courtly Dance V. And finally...

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ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS

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You'd better know this!

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-Vaughan Williams!

-Correct. Yes.

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APPLAUSE

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Ten points for this. Which city's being described?

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Lying on a coral outcrop in the Indian ocean,

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it's first known European visitor was Vasco Da Gama in 1498.

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It's separated from the mainland by Tudor Creek

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and Kilindini harbour and is the second largest city in Kenya.

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Zanzibar.

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Oh, no. York, one of you buzz.

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-Mombasa.

-Mombasa's right.

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Ten points for this. Your bonuses now, York. They're on Jane Austen.

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In each case, give the full name of the character

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and the work in which she appears.

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Firstly, which of Austen's heroines do we first meet at the age of ten?

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The author writes,

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"Though there might not be much in her first appearance to captivate,

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"there was at least nothing to disgust her relations."

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-No, we don't know.

-That's Fanny Price in Mansfield Park.

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Which character does the author describe as

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"Sensible and clever, but eager in everything.

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"Her sorrows, her joys could have no moderation.

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"She was generous, amiable, interesting.

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"She was everything but prudent."

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Elizabeth in Pride And Prejudice.

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No, it's Marianne Dashwood in Sense And Sensibility.

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Finally, "handsome, clever and rich with a comfortable home and happy disposition."

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Which heroine had lived nearly 21 years in the world

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"with very little to distress or vex her?

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-We don't know.

-It's Emma Woodhouse in Emma.

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Ten points for this starter question.

0:18:270:18:29

Which decade saw the publication of George Eliot's Middlemarch

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and Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, the first performance of Bizet's Carmen...

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1850s.

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No, you lose five points. ..and the first impressionist exhibition in Paris.

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One of you may buzz from Manchester.

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-1870s.

-Correct.

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APPLAUSE

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Your bonuses are on explosions, Manchester.

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Often regarded as the largest in recorded history,

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the eruption of Mount Tambora in April 1815 took place on

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the island of Sumbawa in which country?

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-Indonesia.

-Correct.

0:19:120:19:14

Resulting in what was thought to be the loudest man-made

0:19:140:19:17

explosion up to that point, the detonation of 19 mines began

0:19:170:19:22

which battle of June 1917, a victory for General Plumer's second army?

0:19:220:19:27

-Nominate Steve.

-Vimy Ridge?

0:19:360:19:39

No, it was Messines. It became known as Plumer of Messines.

0:19:390:19:41

In December 1917, which port in Nova Scotia was

0:19:410:19:44

devastated by the explosion of the French ship, Mont Blanc,

0:19:440:19:47

the largest manmade explosion of the pre-atomic age?

0:19:470:19:50

-Saint John?

-No, it's Halifax. Ten points for this starter question.

0:20:000:20:05

Listen carefully. Names denoting the current geological era,

0:20:050:20:08

the President of France from 1995 to 2007 and the writing system used

0:20:080:20:13

in Bulgarian and Russian, all begin and end with which letter of the...

0:20:130:20:18

-C.

-C is correct, yes.

0:20:200:20:21

APPLAUSE

0:20:210:20:24

Get these bonuses, you'll take the lead. They're on Russian opera.

0:20:240:20:27

Which Russian ruler wrote the libretti for several operas

0:20:270:20:31

including Fevey, a fairy-tale opera with music by Pashkevich,

0:20:310:20:34

first staged in St Petersburg in 1786?

0:20:340:20:37

-Catherine The Great.

-Correct.

0:20:420:20:44

Noted for a much-performed overture and based on a poem by Pushkin,

0:20:440:20:48

which fairy-tale opera by Glinka

0:20:480:20:51

was first staged in St Petersburg in 1842?

0:20:510:20:54

-Nutcracker?

-No, it was Ruslan and Ludmilla.

0:21:020:21:06

Finally, also based on a work by Pushkin, Dargomyzhsky's opera,

0:21:060:21:09

The Stone Guest,

0:21:090:21:10

orchestrated by Rimsky-Korsakov and first staged in St Petersburg in 1872,

0:21:100:21:14

is a version of the story of which legendary figure?

0:21:140:21:17

-Ivan The Terrible?

-No, it was Don Juan, Don Giovanni.

0:21:220:21:25

We're going to take another picture round.

0:21:250:21:28

For your picture starter, you'll see a painting.

0:21:280:21:30

Ten points if you can name the artist please?

0:21:300:21:33

Rembrandt.

0:21:360:21:38

It is Rembrandt van Rijn, his Mother Reading.

0:21:380:21:40

Your bonuses are three works in which the artist

0:21:400:21:44

has depicted his mother.

0:21:440:21:46

All were painted in Europe within 30 years of each other.

0:21:460:21:49

Five points for each artist. Firstly for five.

0:21:490:21:52

-Van Gogh?

-That is correct. Portrait Of The Artist's Mother. Secondly.

0:21:540:21:58

-Is that Vuillard?

-It is Vuillard, yes. And finally.

0:22:080:22:11

-Whistler.

-It is Whistler, of course.

-Well done.

0:22:130:22:16

APPLAUSE

0:22:170:22:20

Another starter question.

0:22:200:22:22

In 2010, an unmanned spacecraft from which country was the first

0:22:220:22:25

to return a sample of an asteroid to Earth after...

0:22:250:22:28

-Japan.

-Japan is correct, yes.

0:22:280:22:32

Get these bonuses and you'll be level-egging.

0:22:320:22:34

They're on prime ministers and war.

0:22:340:22:37

"Roll up that map, it will not be wanted these ten years."

0:22:370:22:40

Which Prime Minister said that on hearing of Napoleon's

0:22:400:22:43

victory at Austerlitz?

0:22:430:22:45

-Come on, let's have it, please.

-Palmerston?

0:22:570:23:00

No, it was Pitt the Younger.

0:23:000:23:01

"We are within measurable distance of a real Armageddon which would

0:23:010:23:05

"dwarf the Ulster and Nationalist Volunteers to their true proportion.

0:23:050:23:09

"Happily, there seems to be no reason why we should be anything more than spectators."

0:23:090:23:13

Which Prime Minister wrote those words?

0:23:130:23:17

-Gladstone?

-No, it's Asquith, in 1914.

0:23:230:23:25

And finally, "We hear war called murder. It is not, it is suicide."

0:23:250:23:31

Which Prime Minister wrote those words in 1930?

0:23:310:23:34

Come on.

0:23:430:23:45

-Was it Ramsay MacDonald?

-Yes, of course it was.

0:23:480:23:51

Right, 10 points for this.

0:23:510:23:53

Which work of 1949 was described by the Irish Times as

0:23:530:23:56

"a play in which nothing happens...twice."?

0:23:560:24:00

-Waiting For Godot?

-Yes.

0:24:020:24:04

Your bonuses will give you the lead. They're on a British novelist.

0:24:060:24:09

According to the Collins Dictionary, dystopian modernity and bleak,

0:24:090:24:13

man-made landscapes are among the defining features

0:24:130:24:17

of an adjective derived from the surname of which

0:24:170:24:20

British novelist, born in China in 1930?

0:24:200:24:23

Do we know? Anyone?

0:24:280:24:29

-No, we don't know.

-JG Ballard. The adjective is Ballardian.

0:24:290:24:32

Ballard wrote two works of fictionalised autobiography.

0:24:320:24:36

The first was The Empire Of The Sun. What was its sequel?

0:24:360:24:39

-We don't know.

-The Kindness Of Women.

0:24:470:24:49

Finally for five, "This author is beyond psychiatric help.

0:24:490:24:52

"Do not publish."

0:24:520:24:54

This was reputedly the response of a reader at Ballard's

0:24:540:24:57

publishers to which of his novels, filmed in 1996 by David Cronenberg?

0:24:570:25:02

Crash, was it?

0:25:020:25:05

-Crash.

-Correct. You take the lead. Ten points for this.

0:25:050:25:08

Answer as soon as you buzz.

0:25:080:25:09

Peru and Guinea-Bissau are among six sovereign states with English names that end in the letter U.

0:25:090:25:16

The other four are in the Pacific. Ten points to name three.

0:25:160:25:20

-Palau, Tuvalu and...

-Quickly.

0:25:220:25:27

I'm sorry, I can't accept that. You may not confer. One of you may buzz.

0:25:310:25:35

Quickly.

0:25:350:25:37

You were on the right lines. Bad luck.

0:25:390:25:41

Vanuatu and Nauru were the other ones. Another starter question.

0:25:410:25:45

Pronounced differently in each case, which sequence of five letters

0:25:450:25:49

ends three common words meaning vocalist, digit and red-haired?

0:25:490:25:55

-Er, Inger.

-I-N-G-E-R is correct, yes.

0:25:550:25:59

Here are you bonuses. That gives you the lead again.

0:26:020:26:05

They're on nebulae named after animals.

0:26:050:26:08

Barnard 33 is a dark nebula within the larger nebula of Orion.

0:26:080:26:12

What's its common name after its resemblance to part of an animal?

0:26:120:26:16

-Come on.

-Horsehead?

-Correct.

0:26:180:26:19

Another dark nebula, designated Barnard 72,

0:26:190:26:23

in the constellation Ophiuchus, has what common name?

0:26:230:26:27

-Crab?

-No, it's the Snake.

0:26:320:26:34

Finally, a supernova explosion in the constellation of Taurus was

0:26:340:26:38

observed on Earth in the year 1054.

0:26:380:26:40

It left behind a pulsar rotating 30 times per second

0:26:400:26:44

and what surrounding nebula?

0:26:440:26:46

-Crab nebula.

-Correct. Useful having an astrophysicist, eh?

0:26:460:26:50

Ten points for this.

0:26:500:26:51

Thought to be the first of its kind in the world,

0:26:510:26:54

the surcharge on foods that are high in saturated fat was

0:26:540:26:57

introduced in October 2011 in which EU member state?

0:26:570:27:01

-Denmark.

-Correct. Your bonuses this time are on the House of York.

0:27:030:27:08

The first Duke of York, Edmund of Langley,

0:27:080:27:11

was the fifth son of which English monarch?

0:27:110:27:14

-No idea?

-Come on.

0:27:140:27:16

-We don't know.

-It's Edward III.

0:27:190:27:21

Killed at the Battle of Wakefield in 1460, Richard Plantagenet, the third Duke of York,

0:27:210:27:27

had two sons who became King of England. For five points, name both.

0:27:270:27:31

-Come on, we can't hang around.

-Henry and William.

0:27:340:27:37

No, Edward IV and Richard III.

0:27:370:27:39

Finally, the House of York ruled England from 1461 to 1485...

0:27:390:27:45

GONG

0:27:450:27:46

York have 120, but Manchester have 125.

0:27:460:27:50

Well, who knows what might have happened if we'd gone on another five minutes, but...

0:27:550:27:59

Actually, thank all of you very much.

0:27:590:28:01

It's very sporting to put your heads above the parapet

0:28:010:28:04

and risk having them chopped off. York, we shall have to say goodbye to you.

0:28:040:28:08

Manchester, if that's one of the four highest winning scores,

0:28:080:28:11

we look forward to seeing you in the semifinals. Thank you all very much.

0:28:110:28:16

I hope you can join us next time.

0:28:160:28:18

-It's goodbye from York University...

-Goodbye.

0:28:180:28:21

-..goodbye from Manchester University.

-ALL: Goodbye.

-And goodbye from me. Goodbye.

0:28:210:28:25

APPLAUSE

0:28:250:28:27

Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd

0:28:340:28:37

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0:28:370:28:40

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