Gwreiddiau: Yr Iddewes


Gwreiddiau: Yr Iddewes

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-I've lived

-in the Lampeter area all my life...

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-..and been interested

-in both sides of my family tree.

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-Andrew Jones

-is a farmer from Cwmann.

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-His family tree

-is firmly rooted in this area.

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-But some years ago, he discovered

-a fact about his genealogy...

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-..which surprised him.

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-I recently learnt...

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-..that my grandmother's side

-of the family from Cardiganshire...

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-..were of Jewish descent.

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-I wasn't aware

-of the Jewish connection.

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-Many family members didn't

-want to embrace their Jewish roots.

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-But I'm proud

-of my Jewish ancestry...

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-..and I'd like to find out more...

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-..and discover how a Jewish woman

-came to settle in this area.

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-I consulted Hanes Plwyf Llandysul...

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-..a book by WJ Davies

-published in 1896.

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-It makes reference to Rev Edward

-Jones, the vicar of Llandysul...

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-..who died in 1744.

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-"Edward Jones

-came from Builth to Cardiganshire.

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-"He married a wealthy Jewish lady...

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-"..who bore him 24 children.

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-"Twelve of them were raised

-at their home in Dol-llan."

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-The Jewish woman moved to Llandysul

-as the wife of the parish vicar.

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-Andrew was prompted to find out

-more about this remarkable couple.

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-Aided by local historians...

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-..he has traced

-his direct lineage to the Jew.

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-I'm confident I have all the facts.

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-Mam was the daughter

-of Elizabeth Evans...

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-..who was the daughter

-of Hannah from Llandysul.

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-The daughter of Hannah Pantygrugos

-was the daughter of Elizabeth...

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-..the daughter of Hannah

-from Llawr Cwrt...

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-..and the daughter of another

-Elizabeth and another Hannah...

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-..who was the daughter of Anne,

-the wealthy Jew...

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-..who was my great-great-

-great-great-great-great-grandmother.

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-I'm grateful for the book in which

-she is described as a wealthy Jew...

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-..but that's all we know of her.

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-I want to know where she came from,

-how she came to Wales in this era.

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-I'd like to find out

-about her family and her background.

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-In order to find out more...

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-..Andrew starts his research

-in Llandysul...

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-..at Dol-llan, the family home

-mentioned in the book.

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-Almost 300 years ago, the Dol-llan

-mansion was the parish vicarage...

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-..and home to Edward Jones, his wife

-and their substantial family.

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-It's nice to meet you too.

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-It's nice to meet you too.

-

-Meriel Howells is the current owner.

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-My great-great-great-

-great-great-great-grandparents...

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-..lived here - the Jew, the parish

-vicar and their 24 children.

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-This is what the children

-described as the piano room.

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-It's a large house.

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-It's a large house.

-

-Yes, it is.

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-It has eight bedrooms.

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-The church is clearly visible

-from here.

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-Yes, it's conveniently situated.

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-This might well have been

-Hannah's bedroom...

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-..and the view

-she would have seen as a child.

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-You're related to Hannah, are you?

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-You're related to Hannah, are you?

-

-Yes, I'm her descendant.

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-Hannah, Elizabeth, the daughter,

-Hannah, Elizabeth three times.

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-My mother was Sara.

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-If I were a girl, I'd probably

-have been called Hannah.

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-Another visitor to Dol-llan is

-Nia Powell from Bangor University.

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-She specializes in the period

-of history when Edward Jones lived.

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-I've been tracing the family tree

-for some time now...

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-..but I've hit a brick wall.

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-I hope you can shed some light

-on it so I can trace it further.

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-Edward Jones

-was a very interesting man.

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-The first fact I discovered...

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-..was that he came from a family...

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-..of noblemen.

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-He graduated from Oxford...

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-..so why did he move to Llandysul?

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-Llandysul was one of the highest

-paying rectorates in Cardiganshire.

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-That would have attracted someone...

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-..of Edward Jones's

-social and academic status.

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-"He married a wealthy Jewish lady

-who bore him 24 children...

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-"..twelve of whom were raised

-at their home in Dol-llan.

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-"The other 12 were given

-to wet nurses in the village."

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-An incredible number.

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-You will find from parish records...

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-..that rectors usually had

-the highest number of children.

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-But it was unusual

-to have more than four or five.

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-It says the others were given

-to wet nurses in the village.

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-This was quite often the case

-in noble families.

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-The mother didn't normally

-breastfeed her babies.

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-They were given to other mothers

-in the vicinity who had given birth.

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-The babies stood a better chance...

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-..of developing healthily

-and weaning.

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-Usually, the infants

-returned to the family home...

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-..as small children

-and lived as part of the family.

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-It was often the case

-that the mother...

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-..became pregnant sooner than

-if she were a breastfeeding mother.

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-Can you decipher anything

-from the will?

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-The will was written

-on 20th May, 1744...

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-..shortly before his death.

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-"I, Edward Jones,

-vicar of Llandysul...

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-"..in the Diocese of St David's...

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-"..being sick and weak in body."

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-That is apparent from his signature.

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-"But of good and perfect memory."

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-That is to say,

-nothing had affected his mind.

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-Edward Jones

-didn't suffer from Alzheimer's.

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-He goes on

-to bequeath some of his money...

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-..to his children.

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-His wife is referred to

-by name here - Anne.

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-"And to my beloved wife."

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-Of course,

-she outlived her husband.

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-We know his Jewish wife

-was called Anne...

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-..but we don't know

-where she came from.

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-Was she ostracized by her family?

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-We'll have to wait and see.

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-We'll have to wait and see.

-

-It will be interesting to find out.

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-Opposite Dol-llan

-is the ancient church...

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-..where Edward and Anne Jones

-are buried.

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-Andrew is here to meet Yvonne Bowen,

-another descendant of the Jew...

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-..who is also tracing

-her family tree.

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-Hello, how are you?

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-Hello, how are you?

-

-Very well, thank you.

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-I'm Andrew.

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-I'm Andrew.

-

-I'm Yvonne.

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-You must be one of the Jews.

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-You must be one of the Jews.

-

-Apparently so.

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-I'm pleased to meet you

-since we're from the same lineage!

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-How long have you been

-tracing your family tree?

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-About three years. I first started

-after beginning an IT course.

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-It took off from there.

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-Do you feel at all Jewish?

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-Do you feel at all Jewish?

-

-How is a Jew supposed to feel?!

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-I doubt it feels any different.

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-According to this book,

-Edward Jones passed away in 1744...

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-..and he's buried with his wife

-in the chancel.

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-Have you found the tomb

-in the church here in Llandysul?

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-No, although I've made enquiries.

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-Nobody seems to have

-the relevant information.

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-The church was restored in 1874...

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-..so the interior

-might have changed slightly.

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-We should check the chancel.

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-Unfortunately

-for Andrew and Yvonne...

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-..the church has been transformed

-since their deaths.

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-Any trace of their tombs

-has disappeared.

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-It's such a shame, isn't it?

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-It's left to the imagination now.

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-But our roots are here, aren't they?

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-Yes, indeed.

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-The church at Llandysul

-offers no answers for Andrew.

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-To discover more about Anne Jones,

-the wealthy Jew...

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-..he will have to travel

-further afield.

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-Andrew has come to London

-to learn more about Judaism...

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-..and the Jewish community that

-would have existed in Anne's time.

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-This is the Bevis Marks Synagogue...

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-..Britain's oldest synagogue, dating

-back to the era of Anne Jones...

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-..the Jew from Llandysul.

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-Welcome, Andrew, to Bevis Marks

-Synagogue. Do come in.

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-Let me give you a Kippah...

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-..a skullcap which men

-are required to wear in synagogue.

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-Please put that on. Thank you.

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-Let's walk through to have a look at

-the interior of the synagogue.

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-This way, through the doors.

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-He's guided by David Jacobs,

-who specializes in Jewish genealogy.

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-This is the first time for Andrew...

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-..to experience

-the ambience of a synagogue.

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-He is now able to ask the question

-that has been weighing on his mind.

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-My family tree reveals

-that I'm descendent from a Jew...

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-..who came to Wales around 1700.

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-All on my mother's side...

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-..I'm the ninth generation along

-all the female side to that Jew.

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-Am I still a Jew?

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-.

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-Subtitles

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-Subtitles

-

-Subtitles

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-Andrew Jones has travelled

-from Lampeter to London...

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-..to discover more about his lineage

-and about himself.

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-He knows he is descended

-from a noble Jew...

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-..who came to Cardiganshire

-300 years ago as a vicar's wife.

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-He's eager to find out more.

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-Andrew's journey has brought him

-to an ancient London synagogue.

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-Cai Parry-Jones is researching

-the history of Jews in Wales.

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-He has also travelled to London

-to share information with Andrew.

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-Jews were expelled

-from England and Wales in 1290.

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-Until 1656...

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-..Jews were legally forbidden

-to live in England and Wales.

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-But curiously...

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-..historians have come across

-hidden Jews of the time.

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-Jews were readmitted

-by Oliver Cromwell in 1656.

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-Since then, Jewish communities

-in Britain have prospered.

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-Edward Jones

-belonged to the establishment.

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-He was an academic and a clergyman.

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-How do you think he came

-to meet the Jewish woman, Anne?

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-Unfortunately I don't have

-a definite answer for you...

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-..but it's probable

-they would have met at Oxford.

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-During this time, many Jews were

-studying Hebrew at the university...

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-..and many of them

-converted to Christianity.

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-Jewish students were not admitted

-to the university...

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-..but Anne may have been related...

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-..to a scholar

-who taught at Oxford.

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-It's interesting

-for a historian like myself...

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-..to discover the existence of Anne,

-the first known Jew in Wales...

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-..since the readmission of the Jews

-by Oliver Cromwell.

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-After hearing the background

-and finding out from Cai...

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-..how a vicar and a Jew

-would have met 300 years ago...

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-..David has rejoined David Jacobs,

-an expert in Jewish genealogy.

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-He has an important question

-for him.

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-My family tree reveals

-that I'm descendent from a Jew...

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-..who came to Wales around 1700.

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-All on my mother's side...

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-..I'm the ninth generation along

-all the female side to that Jew.

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-Am I still a Jew?

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-Am I still a Jew?

-

-Yes, absolutely.

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-I should wish you, "Mazel tov,"

-congratulations.

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-It's exactly what the story needs

-to have is a substance.

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-As long as you are descended on the

-women's side, on the female side...

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-..then you and your mother

-and your grandmother...

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-..and any sisters you might have

-are Jewish, and, indeed, brothers.

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-But if your sister wished

-to get married in a synagogue...

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-..we would obviously

-track that genealogy of yours...

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-..and find that you were

-Halachically Jewish.

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-According to Jewish Law, you are

-Jewish, so welcome to the tribe.

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-Thank you.

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-Despite the Jewish blood

-halving in every generation...

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-..I'm probably

-only 1% Jewish blood by now...

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-..but I'm still a Jew.

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-Let me pick you up

-on the phrase you used.

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-Jewish genealogists wouldn't use

-the phrase Jewish blood.

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-We would say the Jewish line.

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-It is through your great-great

-times nine grandmother...

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-..then you are indeed

-Halachically Jewish.

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-I haven't worked out mathematically

-what nine generations is...

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-..but it's thousands of descendants

-of this lady living in West Wales.

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-My first visit to a synagogue

-has been a revelation.

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-The history and the Jewish spirit

-is palpable inside.

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-Being a direct descendant

-of the ninth female line...

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-..makes me a Jew.

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-Following his discovery in London,

-Andrew returns to Llandysul.

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-If David Jacobs is correct...

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-..thousands of Cardiganshire's

-natives are descendants of the Jew.

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-Like Andrew...

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-..Barbara Davies has traced her

-family tree back to Anne and Edward.

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-Come in, Andrew. I'm Barbara.

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-Come in, Andrew. I'm Barbara.

-

-It's nice to meet you.

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-It's time to compare notes.

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-Come inside.

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-This is what I have to show you.

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-I'm looking forward to seeing this.

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-The red line

-shows from where you've descended.

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-Starting with Hannah.

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-Starting with Hannah.

-

-Yes, Hannah from Oernant.

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-Elizabeth was her daughter.

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-Elizabeth was her daughter.

-

-I follow that line.

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-You haven't traced

-any further back than that.

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-I've traced Magdalen's side.

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-Here I am, Barbara.

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-Barbara Warlow?

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-Barbara Warlow?

-

-My maiden name was Warlow.

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-I was brought up

-by John Davies and Rachel Davies.

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-I heard from them

-that they had a Jewish ancestor.

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-How did you trace her?

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-Pardon?

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-Pardon?

-

-How did you get hold of her?

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-It's all come from word of mouth.

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-But there was a man from Lampeter

-called Dyson Jones.

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-Auntie Maggie...

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-..was a headmistress in Llanybydder.

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-She asked Dyson Jones,

-"You fought in the war, didn't you?

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-"Do you think the Nazis

-will be back in power?"

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-He said, "No, never."

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-She kept on asking, "Are you sure?"

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-In the end, Dyson Jones said to her,

-"Why are you asking all the time?"

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-And she said,

-"Because I have Jewish blood in me.

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-"We had a Jewish princess

-in our family...

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-"..and if the Nazis regain power,

-they'll kill us all."

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-It was during wartime, of course,

-and that's what she said.

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-That's interesting.

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-For Andrew,

-one question remains unanswered.

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-Where did Anne the Jew come from?

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-Edward Jones

-hailed from Radnorshire...

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-..so it's possible he might

-come across answers in the Marches.

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-I've been to her home

-in Llandysul...

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-..and to the synagogue in London.

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-The journey continues

-to Clun in the Marches.

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-I'm not sure why

-but I'd love to know...

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-..where this Jew came from

-and what kind of life she led...

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-..and why I've come here.

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-Historian Nia Powell

-invited Andrew to Clun.

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-She has carried out further research

-into legal documents of the time.

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-I know you enjoyed your visit

-to the synagogue in London.

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-However, I'm going to shatter

-some illusions.

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-At the same time,

-I may be able to create new ones...

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-..which are just as interesting,

-if not more interesting.

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-We have discovered

-from land registries...

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-..that Edward Jones

-came from Llanfihangel Rhydithon.

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-This made me wonder

-whether or not it was possible...

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-..that there was someone from

-the same area in the 17th century...

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-..of Jewish origin.

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-I looked through the wills

-of people from that time...

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-..for Jewish names.

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-Indeed, in the parish

-of Llanfihangel Rhydithon itself...

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-..there was a family

-whose names were all Jewish.

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-They were the Rasbach family.

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-It's an unusual surname.

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-This is the will

-of Henry Rasbach...

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-..who died in 1686

-in Llanfihangel Rhydithon.

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-It lists the names of the children

-with Jewish names...

0:19:060:19:11

-..Hebrew names which weren't used

-in the Christian community.

0:19:130:19:18

-Here's an interesting fact.

0:19:180:19:21

-Amid Henry Rasbach's

-grandchildren...

0:19:210:19:24

-..there is a girl called Anne.

0:19:250:19:28

-Her name was Anne Selby.

0:19:310:19:34

-"My grandchild, Anne Selby...

0:19:340:19:37

-"..with sufficient meat,

-drink, clothing, lodging...

0:19:370:19:42

-"..and all other necessaries

-whatsoever."

0:19:420:19:46

-In this will, she and her sister...

0:19:460:19:50

-..along with her uncle...

0:19:500:19:52

-..inherit Henry Rasbach's

-entire estate, including his house.

0:19:520:19:59

-So she was an heiress...

0:19:590:20:01

-..and a woman of substance.

0:20:010:20:03

-This is a copy of a will...

0:20:050:20:08

-..from the Hereford Record Office.

0:20:080:20:11

-We can read it together.

0:20:110:20:14

-"In the name of God Amen...

0:20:140:20:17

-"..the 12th day of October

-in the year of our Lord God...

0:20:170:20:21

-"..a thousand five hundred

-fifty and five."

0:20:230:20:29

-A century earlier.

0:20:290:20:31

-"I, William Rasbach...

0:20:310:20:35

-"..of the parish of Clun..."

0:20:350:20:37

-Right here.

0:20:390:20:40

-That's why we're sitting here today!

0:20:410:20:44

-But what we have here...

0:20:440:20:46

-..is a Christian will -

-"In the name of God Amen".

0:20:460:20:50

-What we have is a family...

0:20:500:20:54

-..who were more than likely

-of Jewish origin...

0:20:540:20:58

-..but who had compromised, in a way.

0:20:590:21:02

-So was this family forced

-to convert to Christianity...

0:21:020:21:07

-..in order to stay here?

0:21:070:21:09

-Yes, according to the law

-introduced in the 13th century...

0:21:100:21:14

-..expelling all Jews.

0:21:140:21:16

-It's evident there is

-Jewish blood here somewhere...

0:21:160:21:20

-..but it goes back much further.

0:21:210:21:24

-She wouldn't

-have attended the synagogue...

0:21:240:21:30

-..because her family

-were Christians.

0:21:300:21:33

-Well, Christian Jews.

0:21:330:21:36

-Yes. So it's true to say

-there is Jewish blood there.

0:21:370:21:41

-But it goes much further back.

0:21:410:21:44

-Then it's quite probable

-that this Anne Selby...

0:21:440:21:48

-..was the Jew who came to Llandysul?

0:21:490:21:51

-Yes, it's quite probable.

0:21:510:21:53

-Unfortunately, there is

-no record of their marriage.

0:21:530:21:58

-It appears

-the records have disappeared.

0:21:580:22:01

-But this fits in with the idea...

0:22:010:22:06

-..of a wealthy Jew...

0:22:060:22:09

-..who happens to come from

-the same locality as Edward Jones.

0:22:090:22:13

-It's more than likely

-that Anne Selby...

0:22:130:22:18

-..was Mrs Jones...

0:22:190:22:22

-..who presided in Llandysul.

0:22:220:22:25

-That's fascinating.

0:22:270:22:29

-Whoever the Jew in Llandysul was...

0:22:300:22:33

-..her remarkable character

-has captured the imagination...

0:22:330:22:37

-..of Andrew

-and her other descendants.

0:22:380:22:40

-Her story has also revealed

-a hidden chapter in Welsh history.

0:22:410:22:45

-Nothing has changed

-but I feel reassured.

0:22:450:22:48

-I'm pleased to be able to say...

0:22:480:22:50

-..that I am a direct descendant

-of Anne, the Jew from Llandysul.

0:22:500:22:54

-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.

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