Pennod 2 ‹ China

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-After leaving space-age Shanghai, -I've arrived in Chongqing...	0:00:09	0:00:13
-..the biggest city in terms of size -and population in south west China.	0:00:13	0:00:17
-Hidden in the mountains -above the Yangtze River...	0:00:18	0:00:21
-..Chongqing used to be -part of Sichuan province...	0:00:21	0:00:24
-..but now it's a province -in its own right...	0:00:25	0:00:27
-..with a population -of thirty-two million.	0:00:28	0:00:30
-Yes, that surprised me, too.	0:00:30	0:00:32
-That's an awful lot of people -and an awful lot of launderettes!	0:00:33	0:00:37
-I'm here to meet the people who -are helping to drive the new China.	0:00:40	0:00:46
-Not people from cities -like Beijing and Shanghai...	0:00:46	0:00:49
-..but people -from the rural cities...	0:00:50	0:00:53
-..that I, like many others, -had never heard of.	0:00:53	0:00:57
-Cities like Chongqing.	0:00:57	0:00:59
-Chongqing is a busy port -2,400 miles from Shanghai.	0:01:10	0:01:15
-Here, traffic from the Yangtze -River meets the old trade routes...	0:01:15	0:01:20
-..from Tibet and Burma.	0:01:20	0:01:22
-This place has always been -a regional trading centre...	0:01:23	0:01:26
-..and now, -the whole place is benefiting...	0:01:27	0:01:29
-..from Government investment.	0:01:30	0:01:32
-There is evidence -of mass construction all around...	0:01:36	0:01:39
-..with new skyscrapers and roads -attracting more investment...	0:01:39	0:01:44
-..and more foreign companies.	0:01:45	0:01:47
-The riverside is bustling - -dirty but full of life.	0:01:48	0:01:52
-And it's also hot - painfully hot.	0:01:52	0:01:55
-The temperature is in the forties. -It's so close here that I'm wet.	0:01:55	0:02:00
-Now I know why the Chinese call -this place one of China's furnaces.	0:02:00	0:02:05
-You don't need to be here long to -know that this is a city in a hurry.	0:02:05	0:02:10
-If you're smart enough and tough -enough, you can make money here.	0:02:11	0:02:16
-A great deal of money.	0:02:17	0:02:19
-Like the man who lives here...	0:02:19	0:02:20
-..completely isolated behind steel -gates looking down on the city.	0:02:21	0:02:24
-He is one of China's 100 wealthiest -people - Mr Zuo Zongshen.	0:02:25	0:02:31
-My family were ordinary people.	0:02:32	0:02:34
-In the eyes of Westerners, -we would have been considered poor.	0:02:35	0:02:39
-The changes which were being made -in China 20 years ago...	0:02:41	0:02:45
-..created opportunities -for everybody.	0:02:45	0:02:48
-Many people saw the opportunities -and took advantage of them.	0:02:48	0:02:52
-I think I'm one of them.	0:02:52	0:02:53
-I think that I've been successful...	0:02:54	0:02:56
-..because of the -Government's reforming policies...	0:02:56	0:02:59
-..and because China -has opened its doors to the world.	0:03:00	0:03:03
-Mr Zuo is one of the elite, -a man who has made his own fortune.	0:03:03	0:03:08
-His home is testimony -to his success.	0:03:08	0:03:12
-More than 60 people look after -the palace he calls home...	0:03:15	0:03:19
-..led by Mr Zuo's personal assistant -- a man called Jack Daniels!	0:03:19	0:03:24
-Can Mr Zuo see the factory -from his house?	0:03:25	0:03:28
-Sure. From up there.	0:03:28	0:03:29
-Does he often stand up there -looking down at his factory?	0:03:30	0:03:33
-Of course.	0:03:33	0:03:35
-According to Jack, the whole house -is based on European designs.	0:03:35	0:03:40
-Reproduction furniture -to you and me!	0:03:40	0:03:43
-Although the house -is weighed down by opulent wealth...	0:03:45	0:03:49
-..I can't say -that it suits my taste.	0:03:49	0:03:52
-Who designed it?	0:03:53	0:03:54
-Actually, a Canadian.	0:03:55	0:03:57
-Canadian designer.	0:03:57	0:04:00
-Have you his name and address?	0:04:01	0:04:03
-Oh, I'm sorry. I don't.	0:04:03	0:04:05
-I don't think the Canadian designer -will be on my Christmas card list!	0:04:06	0:04:11
-But what do I know?	0:04:13	0:04:16
-For most of the year, -Mr Zuo lives here alone.	0:04:16	0:04:20
-His wife runs a business -in Florida...	0:04:21	0:04:23
-..where she lives -with their son, Jeremy.	0:04:24	0:04:27
-This is Jeremy -in his American uniform.	0:04:27	0:04:29
-The NYPD, with shades and a gun.	0:04:30	0:04:34
-It's a pity I didn't get -to meet the son.	0:04:34	0:04:37
-He looks like a nice lad to me.	0:04:38	0:04:40
-Engines!	0:04:40	0:04:42
-Why bring the bitch and not the dog?	0:04:42	0:04:45
-With his wife and son in America, -two things keep Mr Zuo occupied.	0:04:45	0:04:49
-His pedigree dogs...	0:04:50	0:04:51
-I need a hair brush, you idiot!	0:04:52	0:04:55
-..and his work.	0:04:55	0:04:57
-With my wife away, -I have more time to work.	0:05:00	0:05:04
-Since I'm on my own, -I have nothing to worry about.	0:05:04	0:05:07
-I have a lot of time to work at -night and I work on Sundays, too.	0:05:07	0:05:13
-Work has become a habit for me.	0:05:13	0:05:15
-I think that's the sort of man I am.	0:05:15	0:05:18
-The company -that made Mr Zuo so wealthy...	0:05:20	0:05:22
-..isn't far from his palace -on the hill.	0:05:22	0:05:25
-He named the company 'Zongshen -Motorcycles' after his family.	0:05:25	0:05:30
-Mr Zuo has benefited from the -free market in the new economy...	0:05:31	0:05:35
-..but he supports Deng Xiaoping -and the Communist Party.	0:05:36	0:05:39
-Deng's generation of leaders -thought that China...	0:05:40	0:05:43
-..had to improve -the living standards of its people.	0:05:43	0:05:47
-There was a need for reform, -for opening up the country.	0:05:47	0:05:51
-That was the path -that had to be followed...	0:05:51	0:05:54
-..to allow China's ordinary people -to become wealthier.	0:05:54	0:05:58
-We call it communist trading.	0:05:58	0:06:00
-The Zongshen company -is now well established.	0:06:02	0:06:06
-Currently, most of Zongshen's -motorbikes are sold in Asia...	0:06:06	0:06:11
-..but Mr Zuo is already looking...	0:06:11	0:06:13
-..towards European -and American markets.	0:06:14	0:06:17
-Success there will require -total commitment from his workforce.	0:06:17	0:06:21
-Nothing could be done until the -inside of the building was complete.	0:06:22	0:06:29
-Then, nothing could be done -until the outside was complete.	0:06:30	0:06:34
-Then, it was too hot and we would -have to wait until the autumn.	0:06:35	0:06:39
-And it's still not finished!	0:06:40	0:06:42
-If I listened to you, -I'd be a pauper!	0:06:43	0:06:47
-As the tension around the table -shows, you don't mess with Mr Zuo.	0:06:48	0:06:54
-Faithful.	0:06:54	0:06:56
-Detailed.	0:06:56	0:06:57
-Innovative.	0:06:57	0:06:59
-Our dinner ladies were never -like this when we were in school!	0:07:00	0:07:03
-From a small workshop -at the start of the '80s...	0:07:15	0:07:18
-..Zongshen is now a company -employing 18,000 workers.	0:07:18	0:07:22
-One reason for that success -is the wage...	0:07:22	0:07:25
-..far less than in European -and American factories.	0:07:25	0:07:28
-But that's not the only reason.	0:07:28	0:07:30
-The company believes -in fostering a competitive spirit.	0:07:31	0:07:34
-Mr Zuo demands the best from his -workers, and from what I can see...	0:07:35	0:07:41
-..what Mr Zuo wants, Mr Zuo gets.	0:07:41	0:07:44
-What I want to do is develop -my industrial knowledge...	0:07:48	0:07:51
-..and create a centre for building -complete cars in one location.	0:07:51	0:07:56
-This is going to play -an important role...	0:07:56	0:07:58
-..in the future -economic development of China.	0:07:58	0:08:01
-Companies such as Zongshen have been -driving the new economy in China...	0:08:02	0:08:06
-..but the country hasn't turned its -back totally on its Communist past.	0:08:07	0:08:12
-The Government still owns the -biggest car companies in China.	0:08:12	0:08:16
-Companies such as the Shanghai -Motor Company, owners of MG Rover.	0:08:16	0:08:21
-The Government also owns the energy, -oil, gas and coal companies.	0:08:22	0:08:27
-And, of course, it owns the banks.	0:08:27	0:08:31
-Who better to tell us about -the future of the new economy...	0:08:32	0:08:37
-..than one of the head honchos -of the Bank of China, Mr Zhu Min.	0:08:37	0:08:42
-In the past 25 years, -China has stuck to one philosophy...	0:08:42	0:08:48
-..which is gradualism.	0:08:49	0:08:51
-As the great Chinese leader, -Deng Xiaoping said...	0:08:51	0:08:55
-.."We always cross the river -by touching the stones."	0:08:55	0:08:59
-We move step by step.	0:08:59	0:09:01
-So many people say China will -go bankrupt - China will collapse.	0:09:01	0:09:07
-Every day.	0:09:07	0:09:09
-On the other hand, people say -China can grow for ever!	0:09:09	0:09:13
-Of course, there are no guarantees.	0:09:14	0:09:18
-The good news is...	0:09:18	0:09:20
-..that in the past 10-20 years, -I think everybody has learnt...	0:09:20	0:09:24
-..a great deal.	0:09:24	0:09:26
-Learned how to reform, -how to change.	0:09:27	0:09:31
-Nothing is guaranteed -in the future...	0:09:31	0:09:34
-..but the past -has given us confidence.	0:09:34	0:09:37
-Taking one step at a time -is the secret...	0:09:37	0:09:39
-..to ensuring the economic future -of China according to Zhu Min.	0:09:40	0:09:43
-This unique mix -of communism and capitalism...	0:09:44	0:09:46
-..has improved the living standards -of millions of people.	0:09:47	0:09:51
-It is the people who are driving -this economic miracle.	0:09:51	0:09:54
-They are special people, -these migrant workers.	0:09:54	0:10:01
-Their story is like a drama which -is acted out on an enormous scale.	0:10:01	0:10:05
-Since the '80s, -over 300 million people...	0:10:06	0:10:10
-..almost a quarter -of the entire Chinese population...	0:10:10	0:10:14
-..have moved to the cities -in search of work.	0:10:14	0:10:18
-They have to adapt quickly -to their new world.	0:10:18	0:10:22
-As Norman Tebbit -told British workers in the '80s...	0:10:24	0:10:29
-.."On your bike!"	0:10:29	0:10:30
-The same thing is happening here.	0:10:31	0:10:33
-But, here, it is happening -on an enormous scale.	0:10:33	0:10:36
-The migrant workers don't know...	0:10:36	0:10:38
-..if the journey -will bring them pleasure or pain.	0:10:39	0:10:42
-I went to the Langsha -Weaving Company...	0:10:44	0:10:47
-..to meet one of the young people -who have jumped on their bikes.	0:10:47	0:10:51
-Liu Yong is one of 4,000 people -who work for the Langsha company...	0:10:53	0:10:57
-..all of them migrant workers.	0:10:58	0:11:00
-Langsha is the world's -biggest manufacturer...	0:11:00	0:11:03
-..of socks, tights and bras.	0:11:03	0:11:05
-As Europe -and Peter Mandelson know...	0:11:08	0:11:10
-..cheap bras and tights from China -are changing the world economy...	0:11:10	0:11:14
-..and destroying -all the competition.	0:11:14	0:11:17
-For Liu Yong, the journey so far -has been enjoyable.	0:11:17	0:11:20
-She's 20 years old and comes -from one of China's poorest areas.	0:11:21	0:11:25
-I come from Anhui.	0:11:27	0:11:29
-My mother and father -still live at home.	0:11:30	0:11:32
-Two days after I arrived, my -sister and I applied for jobs here.	0:11:33	0:11:38
-I like working here.	0:11:38	0:11:40
-At home, I had nothing to do -and my life was boring.	0:11:40	0:11:45
-Liu Yong works a twelve-hour shift -each day, from 7.00am to 7.00pm...	0:11:46	0:11:50
-..making over 1,400 pairs of socks.	0:11:50	0:11:55
-She earns 50p an hour, enough -to cover her living expenses...	0:11:55	0:11:59
-..do some shopping and send half of -what she earns back to her family.	0:11:59	0:12:04
-When I first started, -I wasn't used to this sort of work.	0:12:07	0:12:11
-It takes time to get used -to standing all the time.	0:12:11	0:12:15
-I get so tired when I'm working -but once I take a break I'm fine.	0:12:16	0:12:22
-Our weekends are free.	0:12:22	0:12:24
-To Liu and her friends, -Langsha is central to their lives.	0:12:27	0:12:31
-They live in a room -which sleeps ten.	0:12:31	0:12:34
-Are they good-looking?	0:12:35	0:12:38
-After washing your hair, -use a special liquid on it.	0:12:39	0:12:42
-Wait a while -and wrap a towel around your head.	0:12:43	0:12:47
-Langsha provides food -and accommodation for its workers...	0:12:48	0:12:52
-..and it also organises -all their entertainment...	0:12:52	0:12:56
-..such as a karaoke competition.	0:12:57	0:12:59
-Thank you, Li Miao, -for that lovely song.	0:13:13	0:13:15
-Next, Zheng Chunxia -from the Packaging Department.	0:13:16	0:13:20
-I didn't wait to hear Zheng Chunxia -from the Packaging Department.	0:13:20	0:13:24
-I've never been -very fond of karaoke...	0:13:24	0:13:27
-..but I was obviously the exception.	0:13:27	0:13:29
-Perhaps life in a Chinese factory -looks hard, but for Liu Yong...	0:13:29	0:13:33
-..and thousands like her, it's a -better life than she had at home.	0:13:34	0:13:38
-I am saving money for my future.	0:13:38	0:13:42
-I want to improve myself. -I have my pride as well.	0:13:42	0:13:46
-When I have saved enough money...	0:13:46	0:13:48
-..then I can study anything I want.	0:13:48	0:13:52
-888	0:14:02	0:14:02
-888 - -888	0:14:02	0:14:04
-Out in the countryside, -away from the bras and socks...	0:14:05	0:14:09
-..there are almost -900 million people...	0:14:09	0:14:12
-..out of a population of -1.3 billion who are still farming.	0:14:12	0:14:15
-To a large extent...	0:14:16	0:14:17
-..most farmers are better off -than they were a generation ago.	0:14:18	0:14:23
-Farmers can now grow whatever -they want but, more importantly...	0:14:24	0:14:27
-..they can keep what they earn.	0:14:28	0:14:31
-Changes like this and the fact -that the migrant workers...	0:14:32	0:14:35
-..send money back to their families, -have lifted 200 million people...	0:14:35	0:14:39
-..out of poverty.	0:14:39	0:14:41
-And all this in only 25 years.	0:14:41	0:14:46
-But not everyone living -in the countryside is happy.	0:14:47	0:14:50
-Some farmers are still poor.	0:14:50	0:14:52
-Even the farmers -who are doing better...	0:14:52	0:14:54
-..complain that people in the cities -earn so much more than them.	0:14:55	0:14:58
-The gap between the countryside -and the city in China is growing.	0:14:58	0:15:04
-If the Government can't deal -with the tension...	0:15:04	0:15:07
-..between the countryside -and the towns...	0:15:07	0:15:10
-..it will endanger -the economic future of China.	0:15:10	0:15:14
-Across China, people are leaving -the countryside...	0:15:14	0:15:17
-..to realise their dreams -in the towns.	0:15:17	0:15:20
-Some succeed, but for others, -the dream becomes a nightmare...	0:15:20	0:15:25
-..as migrant worker -Li Jiuping told me.	0:15:25	0:15:29
-Let me tell you something.	0:15:31	0:15:33
-When people from the cities -come here...	0:15:33	0:15:35
-..they always say -how beautiful the scenery is.	0:15:35	0:15:38
-But people who live here aren't -looking for beautiful scenery.	0:15:38	0:15:43
-Li Jiuping is 21. He left -his village and his family...	0:15:46	0:15:49
-..when he was 16 -to travel to Shenzhen...	0:15:49	0:15:52
-..a city in south China, -to find a job.	0:15:53	0:15:55
-I went to look for work -in a toy factory...	0:16:00	0:16:03
-..which had been opened -by a company from Hong Kong.	0:16:04	0:16:07
-They produced toys for export. -They made stuffed pandas.	0:16:07	0:16:10
-I got a job working -on the stuffing machine.	0:16:18	0:16:21
-On my third day at work, -the machine swallowed my right hand.	0:16:21	0:16:27
-I was in extreme pain. -I almost fainted.	0:16:33	0:16:37
-After it happened, -I went to the hospital.	0:16:39	0:16:43
-The boss said -that the cause of the accident...	0:16:43	0:16:46
-..was the way -I was operating the machine.	0:16:47	0:16:50
-It was nothing to do with them.	0:16:50	0:16:52
-Li asked for compensation, -but the company refused to pay.	0:16:57	0:17:01
-There are rules -for paying compensation in China...	0:17:03	0:17:06
-..but the companies often find -clever ways to avoid pay-outs.	0:17:06	0:17:09
-Li didn't have a penny to his name -and was disabled.	0:17:11	0:17:15
-Before all this happened, -before the accident...	0:17:18	0:17:21
-..I was hoping to earn more money -and have a better life.	0:17:21	0:17:25
-But after it happened...	0:17:25	0:17:27
-..I couldn't find any work.	0:17:28	0:17:30
-No-one wanted me. -I only had one hand.	0:17:30	0:17:34
-He had nowhere to turn -until he heard about a man...	0:17:36	0:17:39
-..who was famous -for his good work...	0:17:39	0:17:41
-..on behalf of workers -who'd had accidents at work...	0:17:41	0:17:44
-..lawyer Zhou Litai.	0:17:44	0:17:46
-This is my first time in China.	0:17:52	0:17:54
-First time in Chongqing.	0:17:54	0:17:56
-People should realise -that the cases that I deal with...	0:17:57	0:18:01
-..show the real situation -of migrant workers.	0:18:01	0:18:04
-What's happening to their bodies, -how they sacrifice their blood...	0:18:04	0:18:08
-..what the real nature of life is -behind the skyscrapers of Shenzhen.	0:18:08	0:18:12
-Since the '90s, Zhou Litai -has worked on thousands of cases...	0:18:13	0:18:19
-..of workplace accidents.	0:18:19	0:18:21
-He's helped hundreds of young men -who've lost a hand, an arm...	0:18:21	0:18:26
-..or a foot in local factories.	0:18:26	0:18:29
-Zhou Litai's help -goes further than the courts.	0:18:29	0:18:32
-He provides accommodation, food -and drink to the men he represents.	0:18:32	0:18:37
-But, sometimes, his work attracts -the attention of local officials.	0:18:37	0:18:42
-When I was handling court cases -in Shenzhen...	0:18:42	0:18:45
-..the local government said that -police were following me around.	0:18:45	0:18:49
-These officials think that -economic growth is the priority.	0:18:49	0:18:52
-They think that if they defend the -managers, they will keep their jobs.	0:18:52	0:18:56
-Zhou Litai's office in Chongqing -is now bigger than ever.	0:18:57	0:19:02
-He has hired more lawyers -to help him.	0:19:03	0:19:06
-He's won a lot of money -in compensation for the workers.	0:19:07	0:19:10
-Unfortunately, in the case -of Li Jiuping, he failed.	0:19:10	0:19:14
-In the end, -I didn't get any compensation...	0:19:15	0:19:17
-..because I didn't have -an ID card...	0:19:17	0:19:20
-..at the time of the accident - -I'd borrowed one from someone else.	0:19:20	0:19:25
-The judge ruled -that I had no rights.	0:19:25	0:19:28
-But Zhou Litai helped Li -in another way.	0:19:31	0:19:34
-He offered him a job.	0:19:34	0:19:36
-Zhou Litai has trained -a lot of former clients...	0:19:37	0:19:40
-..to help him keep control -of his never-ending caseload.	0:19:40	0:19:44
-While working for a local painting -and decorating company...	0:19:57	0:20:01
-..Yang Tianjiang was injured - -sheets of glass fell on his foot.	0:20:01	0:20:06
-Now, he can't afford crutches -and worse still, he's homeless.	0:20:07	0:20:11
-Show me your foot, please.	0:20:12	0:20:15
-He's been to court already, -but the judge rejected his appeal.	0:20:15	0:20:20
-The ligament is torn.	0:20:22	0:20:25
-They tried to re-connect it...	0:20:25	0:20:28
-..but in doing so, -something went wrong.	0:20:29	0:20:32
-Where do you live now?	0:20:32	0:20:35
-I'm with my seventy-year-old mother.	0:20:35	0:20:38
-Do you and your mother -beg on the streets?	0:20:39	0:20:41
-Yes.	0:20:42	0:20:43
-There's no telling -what will happen in court.	0:20:43	0:20:46
-I can only admire his courage...	0:20:46	0:20:48
-..and the courage of Zhou Litai -for trying to help.	0:20:49	0:20:52
-Over the past 20 years...	0:20:56	0:20:58
-..China has been transformed -from an extremely poor country...	0:20:58	0:21:03
-..to a developing country - -this hasn't been easy.	0:21:03	0:21:07
-But we cannot sacrifice the law -or the bodies and lives of people...	0:21:07	0:21:12
-..just to develop the economy.	0:21:12	0:21:14
-This isn't the sort of country -we really want.	0:21:15	0:21:19
-Zhou Litai is right.	0:21:25	0:21:26
-But, as I discovered in Shanghai, -there's a huge difference...	0:21:27	0:21:31
-..between the theory -and the practice of law in China.	0:21:31	0:21:34
-It's the innocent people -who usually pay the price.	0:21:35	0:21:38
-It's a story which is familiar -to us by now, all over the world.	0:21:38	0:21:44
-In Chongqing, -as in similar cities across China...	0:21:49	0:21:53
-..some people make money, -and others don't.	0:21:53	0:21:56
-In a few years, China will be -the world's biggest economy.	0:21:56	0:22:00
-But, in terms of law and order, -it's more like the Wild West.	0:22:01	0:22:05
-Without people, -there would be no new economy...	0:22:07	0:22:11
-..but without law and order, no -country worth its salt can survive.	0:22:11	0:22:15
-But, the people I've met, -both rich and poor, have a desire...	0:22:17	0:22:22
-..for a fair and successful future -in the new China.	0:22:22	0:22:26
-And that's a hopeful sign. -Only time will tell.	0:22:26	0:22:30
-Some of our problems have -unique Chinese characteristics.	0:22:32	0:22:36
-It's hard for the West -to understand.	0:22:36	0:22:39
-I wish they could understand China.	0:22:39	0:22:41
-China has problems as it develops, -but these problems are normal.	0:22:42	0:22:46
-They will be resolved -as China develops.	0:22:46	0:22:49
-I dream of becoming a doctor.	0:22:53	0:22:55
-Parents are supposed to look after -their children...	0:22:55	0:22:58
-..and make sure they are safe.	0:22:59	0:23:01
-If something bad happens -to children...	0:23:02	0:23:04
-..they can always rely -on a doctor to help them.	0:23:04	0:23:07
-If I ever have the opportunity, -I'd like to open my own surgery.	0:23:07	0:23:13
-My son is almost three years old.	0:23:21	0:23:24
-We want to find a way of giving -him some sort of education...	0:23:24	0:23:28
-..when he is older.	0:23:28	0:23:30
-I don't want him to have to leave -and go away to work somewhere else.	0:23:30	0:23:35
-I want him to have a better life...	0:23:36	0:23:39
-..but you never know how things -will turn out in the future.	0:23:39	0:23:44
-S4C subtitles by Rh Sion Morgan	0:24:26	0:24:28

Pennod 2 China

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