Pennod 5 Her yr Hinsawdd
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Transcript
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-Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:00 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:02 | |
-I'm Siwan Davies, I'm exploring how -climate change affects the planet. | 0:00:04 | 0:00:09 | |
-I've witnessed ice caps melt... | 0:00:10 | 0:00:12 | |
-..and the adverse effect it's had -on the Maldives. | 0:00:12 | 0:00:16 | |
-My overseas expedition is over. | 0:00:16 | 0:00:18 | |
-I've been searching for evidence... | 0:00:19 | 0:00:21 | |
-..to prove that climate change -is already affecting some people. | 0:00:21 | 0:00:26 | |
-This is a huge challenge -that everyone on the planet faces. | 0:00:26 | 0:00:30 | |
-But there's also a sense of hope... | 0:00:30 | 0:00:33 | |
-..and stories of people determined -to overcome the climate challenge. | 0:00:33 | 0:00:38 | |
-I now turn my attention to Wales... | 0:00:38 | 0:00:40 | |
-..to see what we can do -as we face the challenge. | 0:00:41 | 0:00:44 | |
-My work involves studying scientific -data about historic climate change. | 0:00:52 | 0:00:57 | |
-I study volcanic ash that was -scattered thousands of years ago... | 0:00:57 | 0:01:01 | |
-..to see what caused climate change -back then. | 0:01:01 | 0:01:05 | |
-They were natural changes... | 0:01:05 | 0:01:07 | |
-..long before the actions of man -affected the planet. | 0:01:08 | 0:01:11 | |
-Modern climate change -is completely different... | 0:01:12 | 0:01:16 | |
-..from what I've studied -in the past. | 0:01:16 | 0:01:19 | |
-Leaving the lab and travelling to -two entirely different countries... | 0:01:19 | 0:01:24 | |
-..was a revelation for me. | 0:01:24 | 0:01:26 | |
-I saw how climate change has -affected things I never expected. | 0:01:26 | 0:01:30 | |
-I began my journey in Greenland. | 0:01:32 | 0:01:34 | |
-The ice is melting at -a much faster rate than ever before. | 0:01:34 | 0:01:38 | |
-On average, -500 billion litres of water... | 0:01:38 | 0:01:41 | |
-..equivalent to five Bala Lakes, -flows into the sea every day. | 0:01:41 | 0:01:45 | |
-The ice is melting... | 0:01:46 | 0:01:48 | |
-..because the world's temperature -is rising at an alarming rate. | 0:01:48 | 0:01:53 | |
-The planet's temperature -is measured... | 0:01:53 | 0:01:55 | |
-..by weather stations and satellites -across the world. | 0:01:56 | 0:01:59 | |
-Some years are warmer, -others are colder. | 0:01:59 | 0:02:02 | |
-The most significant factor -is the trend. | 0:02:03 | 0:02:07 | |
-The trend is growing and growing. | 0:02:07 | 0:02:10 | |
-2015 was the warmest year... | 0:02:14 | 0:02:16 | |
-..since weather reporting began -in 1880. | 0:02:16 | 0:02:19 | |
-The warmest 16 years on record -have happened since 1998. | 0:02:19 | 0:02:24 | |
-It's very likely -that 2016 will be even warmer. | 0:02:25 | 0:02:29 | |
-The reason the planet's temperature -is rising... | 0:02:29 | 0:02:33 | |
-..is due to the rise in greenhouse -gases, of which there are many. | 0:02:33 | 0:02:37 | |
-Carbon dioxide -from burning fossil fuel... | 0:02:37 | 0:02:40 | |
-..methane and nitrogen oxide from -agriculture as well as water vapour. | 0:02:40 | 0:02:44 | |
-This is how carbon dioxide has risen -since the Industrial Revolution. | 0:02:44 | 0:02:49 | |
-Thousands of years ago, -carbon dioxide varied naturally. | 0:02:50 | 0:02:55 | |
-It's never risen higher -than 300 parts per million. | 0:02:55 | 0:02:58 | |
-Since 1950, it's risen consistently -and is now 400 parts per million. | 0:02:59 | 0:03:03 | |
-As the temperature increases... | 0:03:03 | 0:03:05 | |
-..and the ice melts, -the sea level rises... | 0:03:06 | 0:03:09 | |
-..and the sea itself warms -and swells even more. | 0:03:10 | 0:03:13 | |
-Over the past century, the global -level has risen 20 centimetres. | 0:03:13 | 0:03:18 | |
-It could rise as high -as one metre by the year 2100. | 0:03:18 | 0:03:23 | |
-The shape of the British Isles -would change... | 0:03:26 | 0:03:29 | |
-..if all of Greenland's ice melted -as the sea rose six metres. | 0:03:30 | 0:03:34 | |
-I visited the Maldives, -a country already facing problems. | 0:03:39 | 0:03:43 | |
-It's drawing the world's attention -to low-lying countries. | 0:03:44 | 0:03:48 | |
-They hope that other countries -will cut down on greenhouse gases... | 0:03:49 | 0:03:53 | |
-..to stop the temperature rising. | 0:03:53 | 0:03:55 | |
-What inspired me was how people... | 0:03:56 | 0:03:59 | |
-..go about saving their islands. | 0:03:59 | 0:04:02 | |
-They're planting trees to draw out -carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. | 0:04:02 | 0:04:06 | |
-The young people of the Maldives -are planting trees... | 0:04:08 | 0:04:12 | |
-..because they have to in order to -bind the land and stop its erosion. | 0:04:12 | 0:04:17 | |
-The fact that trees absorb carbon -dioxide is secondary to them... | 0:04:17 | 0:04:21 | |
-..but planting trees -is a possible solution... | 0:04:22 | 0:04:25 | |
-..to absorb the carbon dioxide -we emit into the atmosphere. | 0:04:25 | 0:04:29 | |
-I journeyed 15,000 miles -to Greenland and the Maldives. | 0:04:29 | 0:04:33 | |
-To make up for that, we, as a film -crew, must plant 60 trees. | 0:04:33 | 0:04:38 | |
-I started planting at Yr Egin, which -will shortly be S4C's new home. | 0:04:40 | 0:04:45 | |
-The Woodland Trust -helps communities to plant trees. | 0:04:46 | 0:04:49 | |
-Haf Leyshon has come to help -with the planting. | 0:04:49 | 0:04:52 | |
-How important is it to plant trees? | 0:04:53 | 0:04:55 | |
-How important is it to plant trees? - -It's important for different things. | 0:04:55 | 0:04:57 | |
-Habitats are really important -for different species of wildlife. | 0:04:57 | 0:05:02 | |
-Climate change is a factor. | 0:05:02 | 0:05:04 | |
-Trees -absorb carbon dioxide from the air. | 0:05:05 | 0:05:08 | |
-They're very good protection -against floods. | 0:05:08 | 0:05:11 | |
-A lot of planting is being done -on high ground to stop the floods... | 0:05:11 | 0:05:15 | |
-..spoiling these habitats -on low ground. | 0:05:15 | 0:05:18 | |
-How effective are trees -in absorbing carbon dioxide? | 0:05:19 | 0:05:22 | |
-Trees are crucial. | 0:05:22 | 0:05:24 | |
-When they're small like this, -they absorb a great deal. | 0:05:24 | 0:05:28 | |
-As they grow, they absorb less CO2. | 0:05:28 | 0:05:30 | |
-It's vital -that we plant many saplings... | 0:05:31 | 0:05:35 | |
-..in our surroundings. | 0:05:35 | 0:05:37 | |
-How can the people of Wales help? | 0:05:38 | 0:05:40 | |
-They can visit us or contact us. | 0:05:41 | 0:05:43 | |
-They can apply for a kit like this. | 0:05:43 | 0:05:46 | |
-Everything is included. | 0:05:46 | 0:05:48 | |
-A number of species are available, -depending on the size of the site. | 0:05:49 | 0:05:54 | |
-It's vital that people assist us. | 0:05:55 | 0:05:57 | |
-There aren't enough of us, -so we need people's help. | 0:05:58 | 0:06:01 | |
-I'm not the only person planting -trees to offset my carbon footprint. | 0:06:03 | 0:06:07 | |
-In Greenland, one of the world's -most eminent glaciologists... | 0:06:08 | 0:06:12 | |
-..is doing the same. | 0:06:12 | 0:06:14 | |
-Professor Jason Box has spent years -researching Greenland's ice sheet. | 0:06:14 | 0:06:19 | |
-I asked Jason why planting trees -here was so important. | 0:06:19 | 0:06:24 | |
-Why are you doing this, Jason? | 0:06:25 | 0:06:27 | |
-There's a lot of talk about reducing -emissions, but what we need... | 0:06:28 | 0:06:32 | |
-..is draw down atmosphere carbon... | 0:06:32 | 0:06:34 | |
-..from 400 -to below 350 parts per million. | 0:06:35 | 0:06:38 | |
-This is part of the effort -of drawing down... | 0:06:38 | 0:06:41 | |
-..existing atmosphere carbon. | 0:06:41 | 0:06:43 | |
-As global citizens, it's really -our duty to give back to nature. | 0:06:44 | 0:06:48 | |
-We're reliant on nature and -we're part of nature, not separate. | 0:06:48 | 0:06:52 | |
-Just flying here and having this -fossil-fuel-intensive lifestyle... | 0:06:52 | 0:06:58 | |
-..I want to reach carbon neutrality. | 0:06:58 | 0:07:01 | |
-It's possible by planting trees next -to the work I'm doing in Greenland. | 0:07:01 | 0:07:06 | |
-What do you think the future holds? | 0:07:07 | 0:07:09 | |
-We're in store -for abrupt climate change... | 0:07:09 | 0:07:13 | |
-..to continue intensifying... | 0:07:13 | 0:07:15 | |
-..until we get control... | 0:07:15 | 0:07:17 | |
-..of overloading the atmosphere -with carbon. | 0:07:17 | 0:07:21 | |
-Greenland melting... | 0:07:21 | 0:07:23 | |
-..is tampering with shutting down -the North Atlantic circulation. | 0:07:23 | 0:07:28 | |
-That will -intensify storms in Europe... | 0:07:28 | 0:07:31 | |
-..and more cold snaps, -more blizzard conditions... | 0:07:31 | 0:07:36 | |
-..possible for parts -of north-western Europe. | 0:07:37 | 0:07:40 | |
-Back in Wales, the effects -of climate change on the weather... | 0:07:44 | 0:07:48 | |
-..has led -to serious storms and floods... | 0:07:48 | 0:07:51 | |
-..that we witnessed -in the Talybont area back in 2012. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:55 | |
-Hello, Hywel. How are you? | 0:07:59 | 0:08:01 | |
-Fine, thank you. | 0:08:01 | 0:08:03 | |
-Fine, thank you. - -I've come to Talybont... | 0:08:03 | 0:08:04 | |
-..to meet Dr Hywel Griffiths -of Aberystwyth University... | 0:08:05 | 0:08:09 | |
-..who studies rivers -and knows the history of flooding. | 0:08:09 | 0:08:14 | |
-There's a tendency to think recent -floods are rare occurrences... | 0:08:14 | 0:08:18 | |
-..that have never happened before, -especially the most recent ones... | 0:08:18 | 0:08:23 | |
-..in the north of England -and Scotland... | 0:08:23 | 0:08:26 | |
-..but the truth is, -they have happened before. | 0:08:26 | 0:08:30 | |
-They're living memory for some -who've lived here a long time. | 0:08:30 | 0:08:34 | |
-They remember floods -of this magnitude. | 0:08:34 | 0:08:37 | |
-Going back a century before that... | 0:08:37 | 0:08:40 | |
-..there's evidence -which proves severe flooding... | 0:08:40 | 0:08:44 | |
-..happened -relatively frequently in the past. | 0:08:44 | 0:08:47 | |
-We know -there's a capacity in the system... | 0:08:48 | 0:08:51 | |
-..to create the severe flooding -we've seen over recent years. | 0:08:51 | 0:08:55 | |
-It's likely -that as the planet warms... | 0:08:55 | 0:08:59 | |
-..there's more moisture -in the air... | 0:08:59 | 0:09:02 | |
-..and more energy in the air -to create these storms. | 0:09:02 | 0:09:06 | |
-It's likely they'll happen -more frequently in future. | 0:09:06 | 0:09:10 | |
-Are there things we can do -to reduce the effects of floods? | 0:09:11 | 0:09:14 | |
-There are certainly things we can do -such as plant trees in the area. | 0:09:14 | 0:09:19 | |
-You can also plant them -on the floodplain... | 0:09:19 | 0:09:22 | |
-..to intercept the rain, allowing -it time to sink into the soil... | 0:09:22 | 0:09:26 | |
-..and slow the flow of the floods -so that they reach villages... | 0:09:26 | 0:09:31 | |
-..at a slower rate. | 0:09:31 | 0:09:33 | |
-You can also plant trees -in the water channels. | 0:09:33 | 0:09:37 | |
-As the trees huddle together in the -channels, they hold back the water. | 0:09:37 | 0:09:43 | |
-Trees are -also very important for carbon. | 0:09:43 | 0:09:48 | |
-There are very positive side effects -to tree planting. | 0:09:48 | 0:09:54 | |
-A strong community group has formed -since the recent flooding... | 0:09:54 | 0:09:59 | |
-..to discuss flood issues. | 0:09:59 | 0:10:01 | |
-There's more river monitoring. | 0:10:01 | 0:10:04 | |
-Web cameras have been installed. | 0:10:04 | 0:10:08 | |
-Awareness of flooding -has increased in this area... | 0:10:08 | 0:10:13 | |
-..and that's a very good thing. | 0:10:14 | 0:10:16 | |
-. | 0:10:19 | 0:10:19 | |
-Subtitles | 0:10:24 | 0:10:24 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:10:24 | 0:10:26 | |
-As I near the end of the series... | 0:10:32 | 0:10:34 | |
-..I've come to realize that -each of us is able to take action... | 0:10:35 | 0:10:39 | |
-..to safeguard the planet -for the future. | 0:10:39 | 0:10:42 | |
-Planting trees -isn't the only solution. | 0:10:42 | 0:10:46 | |
-Wales is an advanced country, with -many new and alternative projects... | 0:10:46 | 0:10:51 | |
-..looking at ways of producing -energy without burning coal. | 0:10:51 | 0:10:55 | |
-We're familiar -with wind and solar power... | 0:10:59 | 0:11:02 | |
-..but less so with tidal power. | 0:11:02 | 0:11:04 | |
-I'm meeting Ann MacGarry, -an education officer... | 0:11:04 | 0:11:08 | |
-..at Machynlleth's -Centre for Alternative Technology. | 0:11:08 | 0:11:12 | |
-We're visiting a tidal energy -generator on Ramsey Island... | 0:11:12 | 0:11:16 | |
-..off the Pembrokeshire coast. | 0:11:16 | 0:11:19 | |
-We've known for a long time that -we need to develop green energy... | 0:11:19 | 0:11:23 | |
-..but what's -the current situation in Wales? | 0:11:23 | 0:11:26 | |
-We're not doing very well. | 0:11:27 | 0:11:30 | |
-We're not developing things -quickly enough. | 0:11:31 | 0:11:33 | |
-One reason is due to the attitude -of the Westminster government... | 0:11:34 | 0:11:38 | |
-..because they're making it -very difficult for us. | 0:11:38 | 0:11:42 | |
-They're not helping at all. | 0:11:42 | 0:11:44 | |
-They're not helping at all. - -What kinds of green energy... | 0:11:44 | 0:11:46 | |
-..are most effective? | 0:11:46 | 0:11:47 | |
-Solar power produces -a lot of energy in summer... | 0:11:48 | 0:11:53 | |
-..but not in winter. | 0:11:53 | 0:11:55 | |
-It's expensive but important. | 0:11:55 | 0:11:57 | |
-We have resources like wind. | 0:11:57 | 0:12:00 | |
-We know that it works -and it's inexpensive. | 0:12:00 | 0:12:06 | |
-We have to use it. | 0:12:06 | 0:12:08 | |
-Do you think the answer -is to combine all these sources? | 0:12:09 | 0:12:12 | |
-Most definitely. | 0:12:13 | 0:12:14 | |
-We're meeting the project's manager. | 0:12:17 | 0:12:20 | |
-Hi. Good morning. | 0:12:21 | 0:12:24 | |
-Welcome to Tidal Energy. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:26 | |
-In the control room we can monitor -and control the turbine from here. | 0:12:27 | 0:12:31 | |
-The screen here is -where we control the turbine from. | 0:12:32 | 0:12:35 | |
-How does the device work? | 0:12:35 | 0:12:36 | |
-How does the device work? - -It's similar to a wind turbine... | 0:12:36 | 0:12:39 | |
-..but instead of wind blowing -a rotor, we use tidal flow... | 0:12:39 | 0:12:43 | |
-..to turn it around. | 0:12:43 | 0:12:44 | |
-It's sat on a seabed, -we face the tide. | 0:12:45 | 0:12:48 | |
-The tide turns the rotor -and that turns the generator... | 0:12:48 | 0:12:51 | |
-..to produce electricity. | 0:12:52 | 0:12:53 | |
-From the sonar picture here, we -can see the image of the turbine... | 0:12:54 | 0:12:58 | |
-..sat on the seabed in 32m of water. | 0:12:58 | 0:13:01 | |
-If we want to get closer, -we look at the other screen. | 0:13:01 | 0:13:05 | |
-We have cameras and lights on three -feet of the turbine base frame. | 0:13:05 | 0:13:10 | |
-This one's showing crabs that've -inhabited one of the base frames. | 0:13:10 | 0:13:16 | |
-Ann is eager -to hear more about tidal power... | 0:13:16 | 0:13:21 | |
-..due to the shape of the strait. | 0:13:21 | 0:13:24 | |
-Clive explains -that tidal power is strong. | 0:13:24 | 0:13:27 | |
-The water in the bay is channelled -between the island and the mainland. | 0:13:27 | 0:13:31 | |
-..between the tip of the blade -and the sea. | 0:13:32 | 0:13:34 | |
-We head out on a boat to the area -where the turbine stands. | 0:13:37 | 0:13:41 | |
-We leave St Justinian -Lifeboat Station near St David's. | 0:13:41 | 0:13:45 | |
-This is the spot, -the turbine's directly beneath us... | 0:13:46 | 0:13:50 | |
-..in about 32 metres of water. | 0:13:51 | 0:13:53 | |
-We're at low tide, -so we've 12m clearance... | 0:13:53 | 0:13:56 | |
-..from where we are -to the tip of the blade. | 0:13:56 | 0:13:58 | |
-The turbine has performed -much better than expected... | 0:13:59 | 0:14:03 | |
-..producing electricity quickly -and contributing to the Grid. | 0:14:03 | 0:14:08 | |
-The plan is to place groups of -turbines in the sea off the coast. | 0:14:08 | 0:14:12 | |
-The hope -is to generate 10 kilowatt by 2018. | 0:14:12 | 0:14:16 | |
-What do you think -the future holds... | 0:14:16 | 0:14:19 | |
-..for tidal energy in Wales? | 0:14:19 | 0:14:21 | |
-In my personal opinion, -it's the way forward. | 0:14:21 | 0:14:25 | |
-We've got tremendous tidal flows -around the coast of Wales. | 0:14:25 | 0:14:29 | |
-Not only around South Wales but -around the North Wales coast too. | 0:14:29 | 0:14:33 | |
-To be able to capture that -free energy which is predictable... | 0:14:33 | 0:14:37 | |
-..has got to be the way forward. | 0:14:37 | 0:14:39 | |
-Another purpose -for the development... | 0:14:40 | 0:14:42 | |
-..is to ensure that the turbine -doesn't disturb the wildlife... | 0:14:43 | 0:14:47 | |
-..and the mammals -that inhabit the coast. | 0:14:47 | 0:14:50 | |
-The team counts and records -the mammals' movements. | 0:14:50 | 0:14:54 | |
-It hasn't affected them so far. | 0:14:54 | 0:14:57 | |
-What do you think of this project? | 0:14:58 | 0:15:00 | |
-I think it's very exciting -and very important... | 0:15:01 | 0:15:04 | |
-..in giving people hope. | 0:15:04 | 0:15:06 | |
-People have gone from -not believing there's a problem... | 0:15:07 | 0:15:12 | |
-..to believing there's a problem -and a sense of hopelessness. | 0:15:12 | 0:15:16 | |
-There's lots of things we can do. | 0:15:17 | 0:15:19 | |
-It's refreshing to see that hope -and future potential. | 0:15:19 | 0:15:23 | |
-Most definitely. | 0:15:23 | 0:15:25 | |
-It's here at Singleton campus, -Swansea University... | 0:15:32 | 0:15:36 | |
-..that I spend most of my time -researching climate change. | 0:15:36 | 0:15:40 | |
-To show how important climate change -is to the university... | 0:15:40 | 0:15:44 | |
-..I've been given permission -to plant trees... | 0:15:44 | 0:15:47 | |
-..in front of the university's -most iconic building. | 0:15:47 | 0:15:50 | |
-Swansea is innovative. It's finding -new ways of producing energy. | 0:15:53 | 0:15:58 | |
-Ambitious research on solar energy -is being carried out... | 0:15:58 | 0:16:03 | |
-..at the new Bay Campus. | 0:16:03 | 0:16:04 | |
-What if our homes weren't -only places in which to live... | 0:16:09 | 0:16:13 | |
-..but were places -creating their own energy? | 0:16:14 | 0:16:17 | |
-Turning homes into powerhouses... | 0:16:17 | 0:16:19 | |
-..is the aim for the Specific -research team at the Bay Campus. | 0:16:20 | 0:16:24 | |
-Dr Trystan Watson -is a prominent member of the team. | 0:16:24 | 0:16:27 | |
-Why is your aim -to create powerhouses? | 0:16:29 | 0:16:32 | |
-It's a wasted opportunity. | 0:16:32 | 0:16:34 | |
-There are currently four billion -square metres of roofs... | 0:16:34 | 0:16:38 | |
-..doing nothing -but keeping wind and rain out. | 0:16:39 | 0:16:42 | |
-What we'd like to do -is use new technology to do more. | 0:16:42 | 0:16:45 | |
-We'd like to use the roofs for -solar power to produce electricity. | 0:16:45 | 0:16:50 | |
-We'd like to -store the energy in the walls... | 0:16:50 | 0:16:53 | |
-..and release it to generate light -and heat inside the building. | 0:16:54 | 0:16:58 | |
-We'd like it to be functional. | 0:16:58 | 0:17:00 | |
-This is where we develop -the technologies on a small scale. | 0:17:01 | 0:17:05 | |
-We have to initially prove -that they work in a laboratory. | 0:17:05 | 0:17:09 | |
-If they do, we can move on -and gradually make them bigger... | 0:17:09 | 0:17:13 | |
-..and end up on the roof. | 0:17:14 | 0:17:16 | |
-What kind of materials -are you coating? | 0:17:16 | 0:17:19 | |
-Anything -that has printing properties. | 0:17:20 | 0:17:22 | |
-We've chosen printing technology -because it's inexpensive. | 0:17:22 | 0:17:27 | |
-You can print with steel, glass -and a variety of materials. | 0:17:27 | 0:17:31 | |
-What's important is that you can -turn those materials into ink. | 0:17:31 | 0:17:35 | |
-Where do you foresee -these materials being used? | 0:17:35 | 0:17:39 | |
-I hope we'll see them in schools... | 0:17:39 | 0:17:41 | |
-..and warehouses. | 0:17:41 | 0:17:43 | |
-You can print on different things. | 0:17:43 | 0:17:46 | |
-There's no point developing -technology you can't sell... | 0:17:46 | 0:17:50 | |
-..even if it's a good idea. | 0:17:50 | 0:17:52 | |
-..even if it's a good idea. - -As for renewable energy sources... | 0:17:52 | 0:17:54 | |
-..how important will solar power be? | 0:17:54 | 0:17:57 | |
-It will be very important. | 0:17:57 | 0:17:59 | |
-The sun generates enough energy in -a day to power mankind for 27 years. | 0:17:59 | 0:18:04 | |
-What propels you -to undertake this kind of work? | 0:18:04 | 0:18:08 | |
-Many things. | 0:18:08 | 0:18:10 | |
-I'd like to have a big impact -on changing the world... | 0:18:10 | 0:18:14 | |
-..in terms of -the use of fossil fuels. | 0:18:14 | 0:18:18 | |
-I also want to create an industry. | 0:18:19 | 0:18:21 | |
-A manufacturing industry -that can change the world. | 0:18:21 | 0:18:25 | |
-That's the team's main goal. -Specific is very fortunate. | 0:18:25 | 0:18:29 | |
-To develop methods of manufacturing, -you need a factory. | 0:18:29 | 0:18:33 | |
-We're fortunate enough -to have our own factory nearby. | 0:18:34 | 0:18:38 | |
-That's what makes us unique. | 0:18:39 | 0:18:41 | |
-We're a combination -of industry and innovation. | 0:18:41 | 0:18:45 | |
-The factory is situated -a few miles away in Baglan. | 0:18:49 | 0:18:52 | |
-It's here that the research -goes a step further. | 0:18:53 | 0:18:56 | |
-It goes from operating on a -small scale to an industrial scale. | 0:18:56 | 0:19:00 | |
-This research, like many... | 0:19:00 | 0:19:02 | |
-..is reliant on European funding, -so I'm unsure of its future. | 0:19:02 | 0:19:08 | |
-Eifion Jewell -is responsible for this building... | 0:19:12 | 0:19:15 | |
-..and -the industrial-scale machinery. | 0:19:16 | 0:19:18 | |
-What's happening today? | 0:19:18 | 0:19:20 | |
-Today we've placed a coating -of the material into the solar cell. | 0:19:21 | 0:19:26 | |
-We're testing the technology used -to dry that material... | 0:19:26 | 0:19:31 | |
-..by using infrared energy... | 0:19:31 | 0:19:35 | |
-..to reduce the energy used -to make the cells themselves. | 0:19:35 | 0:19:41 | |
-What's the temperature in there? | 0:19:41 | 0:19:42 | |
-What's the temperature in there? - -It's about 450 degrees. | 0:19:42 | 0:19:44 | |
-It's like the biggest pizza oven -you've ever seen. | 0:19:45 | 0:19:49 | |
-What's this here, Eifion? | 0:19:58 | 0:20:00 | |
-This is a radiator. | 0:20:01 | 0:20:03 | |
-It's a very thin radiator. | 0:20:03 | 0:20:05 | |
-You can place it -in between walls in the bathroom. | 0:20:05 | 0:20:09 | |
-It uses energy that's been -collected throughout the day... | 0:20:09 | 0:20:15 | |
-..by the solar panels... | 0:20:16 | 0:20:17 | |
-..into a battery and then -it heats the house for bath time. | 0:20:18 | 0:20:22 | |
-A substantial investment -is needed... | 0:20:25 | 0:20:27 | |
-..to boost the ambitious ideas... | 0:20:28 | 0:20:30 | |
-..of solving -the climate challenge... | 0:20:30 | 0:20:32 | |
-..while planting trees is something -cheap that everyone can do. | 0:20:33 | 0:20:37 | |
-I'm meeting Gareth Cemlyn Jones... | 0:20:40 | 0:20:41 | |
-..of the Institution -of Mechanical Engineers... | 0:20:42 | 0:20:45 | |
-..to discuss trees, -but this time, artificial trees. | 0:20:45 | 0:20:49 | |
-Artificial trees draw out -carbon dioxide from the air... | 0:20:50 | 0:20:57 | |
-..in a similar way -to natural trees... | 0:20:57 | 0:21:00 | |
-..but through a chemical process. | 0:21:01 | 0:21:05 | |
-Artificial trees... | 0:21:05 | 0:21:07 | |
-..can be more effective -than natural trees... | 0:21:08 | 0:21:11 | |
-..because the leaves on them... | 0:21:11 | 0:21:14 | |
-..completely rely on photosynthesis. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:17 | |
-With artificial trees, -the intention is that the leaves... | 0:21:17 | 0:21:21 | |
-..can be close together -so that the air can cover them. | 0:21:21 | 0:21:25 | |
-They don't need to face -a certain way or to face the sun. | 0:21:25 | 0:21:29 | |
-Transport accounts for 60% -of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. | 0:21:29 | 0:21:35 | |
-It's estimated -that 100,000 artificial trees... | 0:21:35 | 0:21:40 | |
-..over 600 hectares... | 0:21:40 | 0:21:43 | |
-..would be enough -to deal with the carbon dioxide... | 0:21:43 | 0:21:48 | |
-..emitted from every vehicle -in the United Kingdom. | 0:21:48 | 0:21:52 | |
-What happens to the carbon dioxide -that's been absorbed? | 0:21:52 | 0:21:56 | |
-The carbon dioxide -is collected and stored. | 0:21:56 | 0:21:59 | |
-It can be converted into pellets -for industrial processes. | 0:22:00 | 0:22:05 | |
-It can be used -in the food industry. | 0:22:06 | 0:22:09 | |
-The food and drinks industries... | 0:22:10 | 0:22:12 | |
-..can utilize carbon dioxide -as fertilizer. | 0:22:12 | 0:22:15 | |
-As an institution, -we've accepted the fact... | 0:22:16 | 0:22:19 | |
-..that this is not -a long-term solution. | 0:22:19 | 0:22:22 | |
-It allows us time to consider a way -of producing low-carbon energy. | 0:22:22 | 0:22:28 | |
-That's our role as engineers. | 0:22:30 | 0:22:33 | |
-We use the science available -to solve the world's problems. | 0:22:33 | 0:22:38 | |
-I return to my parents' home -in Pembrokeshire... | 0:22:41 | 0:22:45 | |
-..where I learnt to respect nature -and do the little things... | 0:22:45 | 0:22:49 | |
-..for a safe future. | 0:22:50 | 0:22:51 | |
-What I've learnt on my travels -is that climate change is happening. | 0:22:58 | 0:23:02 | |
-It's already affecting people -all over the world. | 0:23:02 | 0:23:06 | |
-The response of those who are -already facing the challenge... | 0:23:06 | 0:23:10 | |
-..has inspired me and we've -a lot to learn from their efforts. | 0:23:10 | 0:23:15 | |
-In my opinion, each one of us -will face the climate challenge... | 0:23:20 | 0:23:24 | |
-..some time in the future. | 0:23:25 | 0:23:27 | |
-Hopefully we'll have -the same determination to change... | 0:23:27 | 0:23:31 | |
-..as the natives of Greenland and -the Maldives before it's too late. | 0:23:31 | 0:23:37 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf. | 0:23:54 | 0:23:56 | |
-. | 0:23:56 | 0:23:56 |