Pennod 1 Jerwsalem: Tir Sanctaidd
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| Line | From | To | |
|---|---|---|---|
-Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:00 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:00:00 | 0:00:02 | |
-The Temple Mount... | 0:00:03 | 0:00:04 | |
-..is one of the holiest places -on the face of the earth. | 0:00:05 | 0:00:08 | |
-For the Jew, it is the site -of the Temple of Solomon. | 0:00:14 | 0:00:17 | |
-For the Christian, the location of -Herod's Temple, where Jesus walked. | 0:00:21 | 0:00:25 | |
-And for every Muslim... | 0:00:31 | 0:00:33 | |
-..it is the site from where -Muhammad ascended to heaven. | 0:00:33 | 0:00:37 | |
-Three faiths, each laying claim... | 0:00:47 | 0:00:50 | |
-..to this sacred mount. | 0:00:50 | 0:00:52 | |
-Throughout Jerusalem's -long history... | 0:00:53 | 0:00:56 | |
-..the faithful -have always fought for possession. | 0:00:56 | 0:01:00 | |
-Today, archaeologists -are embroiled in the conflict. | 0:01:03 | 0:01:08 | |
-Their work holds the key to -understanding Jerusalem's history. | 0:01:08 | 0:01:13 | |
-A history -that could change our future. | 0:01:13 | 0:01:16 | |
-That's why I've come here... | 0:01:16 | 0:01:19 | |
-..to try and discover -the truth about the Temple Mount... | 0:01:19 | 0:01:23 | |
-..and the battle for -the Holy Land of Jerusalem. | 0:01:23 | 0:01:27 | |
-The lost Temple of Solomon. | 0:01:45 | 0:01:48 | |
-The Babylonians -destroyed the structure... | 0:01:49 | 0:01:52 | |
-..centuries before Jesus Christ. | 0:01:53 | 0:01:55 | |
-Jews were forced into exile, and not -for the last time in their history. | 0:01:58 | 0:02:03 | |
-According to the Bible... | 0:02:09 | 0:02:11 | |
-..King David was responsible -for building Jerusalem. | 0:02:12 | 0:02:16 | |
-It was his son, Solomon, -who built the temple. | 0:02:23 | 0:02:26 | |
-For Solomon and every Jew... | 0:02:32 | 0:02:34 | |
-..this was the most sacred sanctuary -in all the world... | 0:02:35 | 0:02:38 | |
-..and home to God's spirit. | 0:02:38 | 0:02:40 | |
-These days, there is -no trace of Solomon's Temple... | 0:02:50 | 0:02:54 | |
-..on the Temple Mount... | 0:02:54 | 0:02:56 | |
-..or of the temple -dedicated to King Herod. | 0:02:56 | 0:03:00 | |
-It is the Muslim's Noble Sanctuary -which stands here today. | 0:03:01 | 0:03:05 | |
-The Dome of the Rock -and al-Aqsa Mosque. | 0:03:05 | 0:03:08 | |
-Now that the Jews -have returned to Israel... | 0:03:12 | 0:03:15 | |
-..this has become -the focus of all the tension. | 0:03:15 | 0:03:18 | |
-This is where the central struggle -of humanity is taking place. | 0:03:22 | 0:03:27 | |
-So that's Jerusalem and the centre -of Jerusalem is the Temple Mount. | 0:03:28 | 0:03:32 | |
-The Temple Mount is a symbol of -conflict between Jews and Muslims. | 0:03:33 | 0:03:37 | |
-Both faiths -contest this hallowed ground. | 0:03:38 | 0:03:41 | |
-Uncovering the Temple of Solomon -and King David's Palace... | 0:03:41 | 0:03:45 | |
-..would settle the argument -once and for all. | 0:03:46 | 0:03:49 | |
-But therein lies -the fundamental problem. | 0:03:51 | 0:03:54 | |
-Excavating -is forbidden on the Temple Mount. | 0:03:54 | 0:03:57 | |
-Muslims have banished -archaeologists... | 0:03:57 | 0:04:01 | |
-..from their sacred soil. | 0:04:01 | 0:04:03 | |
-The solution to the problem is -to excavate just outside the walls. | 0:04:03 | 0:04:08 | |
-Being able to prove that Solomon or -his father had built on this site... | 0:04:20 | 0:04:25 | |
-..would strengthen -the Jews' claim to the Temple Mount. | 0:04:26 | 0:04:30 | |
-One archaeologist believes she -has discovered King David's Palace. | 0:04:34 | 0:04:40 | |
-According to the date -and structure... | 0:04:43 | 0:04:46 | |
-..the sophistication, -the location... | 0:04:46 | 0:04:49 | |
-..everything indicates -a high probability... | 0:04:49 | 0:04:52 | |
-..that we're talking about -King David's Palace. | 0:04:52 | 0:04:56 | |
-But others have dated the ruins... | 0:05:01 | 0:05:05 | |
-..to a time before David... | 0:05:05 | 0:05:08 | |
-..and his son, Solomon. | 0:05:08 | 0:05:10 | |
-The excavation of the building... | 0:05:14 | 0:05:16 | |
-..which is described by Eilat Mazar -as the Palace of King David... | 0:05:16 | 0:05:21 | |
-..is a very important excavation. | 0:05:21 | 0:05:23 | |
-However, I don't think -that one can identify... | 0:05:23 | 0:05:27 | |
-..one single big building which -dates to the 10th century BC... | 0:05:27 | 0:05:33 | |
-..as the Palace of King David. | 0:05:33 | 0:05:35 | |
-If it were possible to excavate -on the Temple Mount itself... | 0:05:38 | 0:05:42 | |
-..perhaps the argument -could be settled... | 0:05:42 | 0:05:45 | |
-..but experts believe there's -an even more fundamental problem. | 0:05:45 | 0:05:50 | |
-They insist that it's a mistake... | 0:05:50 | 0:05:53 | |
-..to use David and Solomon's story -to prove Israel's history. | 0:05:53 | 0:05:58 | |
-They say it's unwise to read -the Bible as if it were a newspaper. | 0:05:59 | 0:06:04 | |
-It is likely -that 300 years had elapsed... | 0:06:14 | 0:06:17 | |
-..before anyone documented -the history of King David. | 0:06:18 | 0:06:21 | |
-Back then, the aim was -to strengthen the nation's faith. | 0:06:24 | 0:06:28 | |
-However, Eilat Mazar believes... | 0:06:33 | 0:06:35 | |
-..the Bible is a useful tool -for archaeologists. | 0:06:36 | 0:06:39 | |
-I don't believe people -who say they don't read the Bible. | 0:06:41 | 0:06:45 | |
-That it's an imaginary justification -of the past... | 0:06:45 | 0:06:49 | |
-..in order to justify the -glorification of David's kingship. | 0:06:49 | 0:06:54 | |
-This is not the case. -We're talking about evidence. | 0:06:54 | 0:06:57 | |
-They say the evidence... | 0:06:58 | 0:07:00 | |
-..links King David to the holy land -of Jerusalem and Solomon's Temple. | 0:07:00 | 0:07:05 | |
-One piece of vital evidence -came to light some 20 years ago... | 0:07:10 | 0:07:14 | |
-..in the form of the Stele -or Tel Dan Stone. | 0:07:15 | 0:07:18 | |
-The language of -the inscription stone is Aramaic. | 0:07:18 | 0:07:22 | |
-It originates from -the 9th century Before Christ. | 0:07:22 | 0:07:25 | |
-It is -the earliest example of Hebrew... | 0:07:26 | 0:07:29 | |
-..the language of the Jews. | 0:07:30 | 0:07:32 | |
-It celebrates -the King of Damascus's victory... | 0:07:41 | 0:07:45 | |
-..over a king from David's lineage. | 0:07:45 | 0:07:47 | |
-This is the first time the name -David appears outside of the Bible. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:55 | |
-According to -archaeologist David Ilan... | 0:07:55 | 0:07:59 | |
-..it provides historical proof... | 0:07:59 | 0:08:03 | |
-..of King David's existence. | 0:08:03 | 0:08:05 | |
-Before it was found in 1992-1993... | 0:08:08 | 0:08:11 | |
-..David was considered by many -to be a purely mythological figure. | 0:08:11 | 0:08:16 | |
-The stone doesn't -connect David to Jerusalem. | 0:08:20 | 0:08:24 | |
-Tel Dan is located -in the north of Israel. | 0:08:24 | 0:08:27 | |
-But the archaic inscription -supports the case for those... | 0:08:29 | 0:08:33 | |
-..who are eager to establish David -as a historical king. | 0:08:33 | 0:08:37 | |
-More information about the period -has recently emerged. | 0:08:41 | 0:08:46 | |
-This time, archaeological findings -correspond with the Bible. | 0:08:47 | 0:08:52 | |
-"The wounded Philistines -fell along the way... | 0:08:52 | 0:08:55 | |
-"..from Shaaraim -as far as Gath and Ekron." | 0:08:56 | 0:08:59 | |
-The city called Shaaraim is -mentioned three times in the Bible. | 0:08:59 | 0:09:03 | |
-In this tradition, the city is -associated with the Elah Valley... | 0:09:03 | 0:09:09 | |
-..and associated with King David. | 0:09:09 | 0:09:12 | |
-Shaaraim means two gates. This city -is located in the Valley of Elah. | 0:09:12 | 0:09:17 | |
-In the city we have two gates. | 0:09:17 | 0:09:19 | |
-The biblical tradition and the site -fit each other perfectly. | 0:09:19 | 0:09:25 | |
-However, no fort from David's era -has ever been discovered in Judea. | 0:09:28 | 0:09:33 | |
-However, Dr Garfinkel -received exciting news... | 0:09:35 | 0:09:39 | |
-..after he sent samples -from this site... | 0:09:39 | 0:09:42 | |
-..for analysis at Oxford University. | 0:09:42 | 0:09:45 | |
-And the dating -was from the time of King David. | 0:09:45 | 0:09:49 | |
-This was really amazing. | 0:09:49 | 0:09:51 | |
-I couldn't believe my eyes -when I saw the letter. | 0:09:51 | 0:09:54 | |
-According to Dr Garfinkel... | 0:09:54 | 0:09:57 | |
-..this site close to Bethlehem... | 0:09:57 | 0:09:59 | |
-..establishes David as the ruler -of a sophisticated kingdom. | 0:10:00 | 0:10:04 | |
-He believes it is -also significant for another reason. | 0:10:04 | 0:10:08 | |
-It is the location of one -of the Bible's major chapters. | 0:10:08 | 0:10:12 | |
-The story of David and Goliath. | 0:10:14 | 0:10:16 | |
-The minor conquering the giant. | 0:10:16 | 0:10:19 | |
-The story is familiar to us all. | 0:10:21 | 0:10:23 | |
-The Philistine army -prepares to attack... | 0:10:26 | 0:10:31 | |
-..led by the giant -in the front line. | 0:10:31 | 0:10:34 | |
-The giant advanced, -threatening the Israelite army. | 0:10:36 | 0:10:40 | |
-Instead of a full-blown battle... | 0:10:42 | 0:10:45 | |
-..it was a challenge -to fight one on one. | 0:10:45 | 0:10:48 | |
-No Israelite -was brave enough to respond... | 0:10:49 | 0:10:52 | |
-..until a young shepherd -volunteered. | 0:10:52 | 0:10:55 | |
-It's a memorable story... | 0:10:55 | 0:10:57 | |
-..and a useful analogy -for people like me... | 0:10:58 | 0:11:01 | |
-..when describing sporting events. | 0:11:02 | 0:11:06 | |
-But it is more than a story. | 0:11:40 | 0:11:41 | |
-The conflict between Israel and its -neighbours continues to this day. | 0:11:42 | 0:11:46 | |
-. | 0:12:00 | 0:12:01 | |
-Subtitles | 0:12:03 | 0:12:03 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:12:03 | 0:12:05 | |
-Israel has a long history. | 0:12:12 | 0:12:14 | |
-But just how far back does it go? | 0:12:15 | 0:12:18 | |
-Is there a historical basis... | 0:12:18 | 0:12:21 | |
-..to the stories -about King David in the Bible? | 0:12:22 | 0:12:25 | |
-What do archaeologist -have to say about them? | 0:12:27 | 0:12:30 | |
-It's an explosive question -in today's Promised Land. | 0:12:31 | 0:12:35 | |
-There are many places in Israel... | 0:12:36 | 0:12:38 | |
-..where the remains -of King David's era have emerged... | 0:12:38 | 0:12:41 | |
-..but not here -in the centre of Jerusalem. | 0:12:42 | 0:12:44 | |
-There is -a long Islamic tradition here too. | 0:12:49 | 0:12:52 | |
-The focus reverts back to the -hallowed ground of the Temple Mount. | 0:12:53 | 0:12:58 | |
-According to the Bible, -after David's days... | 0:12:59 | 0:13:02 | |
-..his son, Solomon, -came to the throne. | 0:13:02 | 0:13:05 | |
-Solomon was a wise king... | 0:13:08 | 0:13:10 | |
-..who used his wisdom -to lead an ambitious project. | 0:13:11 | 0:13:15 | |
-The construction -of the Temple of God. | 0:13:15 | 0:13:18 | |
-Skills and resources were drafted in -from afar to undertake the work. | 0:13:23 | 0:13:28 | |
-Solomon's craftsmen -were realizing his plan. | 0:13:34 | 0:13:37 | |
-The Temple acted as the figurative -footstool of God's presence. | 0:13:39 | 0:13:44 | |
-They had to ensure a large-scale -supply of stone, timber... | 0:13:50 | 0:13:54 | |
-..bronze and gold... | 0:13:54 | 0:13:56 | |
-..on a scale -never seen before in Israel. | 0:13:56 | 0:14:01 | |
-Solomon's Temple -was seven years in the making. | 0:14:06 | 0:14:10 | |
-It took 70,000 labourers... | 0:14:10 | 0:14:12 | |
-..on the Temple Mount... | 0:14:13 | 0:14:15 | |
-..and it created -the most enduring and legendary... | 0:14:15 | 0:14:19 | |
-..mythologically-rich structure -of the ancient world. | 0:14:19 | 0:14:23 | |
-The famed Temple of God. | 0:14:26 | 0:14:29 | |
-But nowadays, not a single stone -of Solomon's Temple still stands. | 0:14:33 | 0:14:38 | |
-There is no way for archaeologists -to examine the site for its ruins. | 0:14:38 | 0:14:43 | |
-Palestinians -have forbidden excavation. | 0:14:45 | 0:14:48 | |
-Jews visit the Western Wall to pray. | 0:14:48 | 0:14:51 | |
-They believe it is the closest place -to the Temple's site. | 0:14:52 | 0:14:56 | |
-But there is a better way -to imagine its grandeur. | 0:14:56 | 0:14:59 | |
-Archaeologist David Ilan... | 0:15:08 | 0:15:10 | |
-..has mapped -the ancient city of Tel Dan. | 0:15:10 | 0:15:13 | |
-He believes his work can help us... | 0:15:14 | 0:15:17 | |
-..imagine the pilgrim's journey -to Jerusalem during Solomon's days. | 0:15:18 | 0:15:23 | |
-Goods were sold -outside the city... | 0:15:24 | 0:15:27 | |
-..for the faithful to sacrifice -in the Temple itself. | 0:15:27 | 0:15:31 | |
-As we continue into the city... | 0:15:32 | 0:15:34 | |
-..we come -increasingly more engaged... | 0:15:35 | 0:15:37 | |
-..in the cultic, -religious aspect of the site. | 0:15:38 | 0:15:42 | |
-At last we get a glimpse of the -huge altar in the shape of horns... | 0:15:42 | 0:15:47 | |
-..and above the platform, -the Temple itself. | 0:15:47 | 0:15:51 | |
-This compound is like -the Temple Mount compound. | 0:15:51 | 0:15:54 | |
-But, of course, nowadays, -the Mount Temple's steps... | 0:15:55 | 0:15:59 | |
-..lead to a mosque. | 0:16:00 | 0:16:02 | |
-Now we're walking up the stairs -to the highest platform... | 0:16:03 | 0:16:08 | |
-..where the actual temple building, -the Abode of God was located. | 0:16:08 | 0:16:12 | |
-The imagination -is put to good use in Tel Dan. | 0:16:30 | 0:16:34 | |
-Back in Jerusalem, the ancient -Jewish capital is being excavated. | 0:16:34 | 0:16:39 | |
-But it is restricted to only -the base of the Temple Mount. | 0:16:41 | 0:16:45 | |
-The ruins display -some ancient history... | 0:16:46 | 0:16:50 | |
-..from when the Temple was built, -according to archaeologists on site. | 0:16:50 | 0:16:55 | |
-One of them has gone further. | 0:16:55 | 0:16:57 | |
-She believes she has found solid -evidence from the time of Solomon. | 0:16:57 | 0:17:02 | |
-Here, in the Ophel area, a stone's -throw from the Temple Mount... | 0:17:02 | 0:17:06 | |
-..she believes she has uncovered -the walls of Solomon's Temple. | 0:17:06 | 0:17:10 | |
-It's contentious, -like many things in Israel. | 0:17:14 | 0:17:18 | |
-Now we can show... | 0:17:23 | 0:17:25 | |
-..the actual date of this part of -the fortification line... | 0:17:25 | 0:17:29 | |
-..is as early as the second part -of the 10th century BC. | 0:17:30 | 0:17:34 | |
-This is the time of King Solomon -and exactly what the Bible says. | 0:17:34 | 0:17:39 | |
-"Solomon your son -will build my house and my courts." | 0:17:39 | 0:17:42 | |
-It corresponds with the Bible... | 0:17:42 | 0:17:44 | |
-..yet no other ruin from the days -of Solomon has come to light. | 0:17:45 | 0:17:50 | |
-However, Eilat Mazar -believes she is correct... | 0:17:54 | 0:17:58 | |
-..because -not only has she examined... | 0:17:58 | 0:18:01 | |
-..the foundations' upper layer, -but pottery from within... | 0:18:01 | 0:18:05 | |
-..and from the bottom layer too. | 0:18:06 | 0:18:08 | |
-Every little tiny piece of shard... | 0:18:08 | 0:18:11 | |
-..we examined, -tasking only from within. | 0:18:11 | 0:18:16 | |
-The most amazing thing -is that the pottery... | 0:18:16 | 0:18:20 | |
-..is no later -than the late 10th century. | 0:18:20 | 0:18:24 | |
-Any other suggestion will be -just a game. It's not serious. | 0:18:24 | 0:18:28 | |
-Evidence that Solomon -once built on this site... | 0:18:33 | 0:18:37 | |
-..would be a boost -for the Jewish faithful... | 0:18:37 | 0:18:41 | |
-..who wish to possess -the Temple Mount in its entirety. | 0:18:41 | 0:18:45 | |
-But Eilat Mazar's findings... | 0:18:46 | 0:18:48 | |
-..fail to convince -many other experts. | 0:18:48 | 0:18:52 | |
-Israel Finkelstein... | 0:18:53 | 0:18:55 | |
-..dismisses -the association with Solomon. | 0:18:56 | 0:18:59 | |
-There is also this notion... | 0:18:59 | 0:19:01 | |
-..of the city wall of Jerusalem -from the time of King Solomon. | 0:19:02 | 0:19:08 | |
-I see no connection between these -remains and the time of Solomon. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:13 | |
-I see solid evidence from -the point of view of archaeology. | 0:19:13 | 0:19:17 | |
-Pottery, the way we date pottery. | 0:19:18 | 0:19:21 | |
-The aforementioned evidence... | 0:19:22 | 0:19:24 | |
-..dates the pottery -200 years after Solomon. | 0:19:24 | 0:19:28 | |
-Probably in the late -eighth and seventh centuries BC. | 0:19:30 | 0:19:34 | |
-It's hard -for a visitor to Jerusalem... | 0:19:39 | 0:19:42 | |
-..not to feel -that something's gone awry... | 0:19:42 | 0:19:45 | |
-..in the history -of Solomon and his temple. | 0:19:46 | 0:19:49 | |
-A wise man searching -for immortality and beauty... | 0:19:50 | 0:19:55 | |
-..was a mere mortal -who worshipped false gods... | 0:20:01 | 0:20:04 | |
-..and brought a curse upon Israel. | 0:20:04 | 0:20:07 | |
-A curse that some believe -still exists to this day. | 0:20:07 | 0:20:12 | |
-Before the end of his days... | 0:20:17 | 0:20:19 | |
-..everything -he had built disintegrated. | 0:20:19 | 0:20:22 | |
-His folly had lured -powerful enemies to the city walls. | 0:20:24 | 0:20:28 | |
-The Babylonians entered Jerusalem. | 0:20:31 | 0:20:33 | |
-For two and a half years -the city was under siege. | 0:20:39 | 0:20:42 | |
-In the end, the conquerors -destroyed the temple. | 0:20:46 | 0:20:51 | |
-In 586, Nebuchadnezzar's armies... | 0:20:57 | 0:21:00 | |
-..completely overran Jerusalem... | 0:21:00 | 0:21:03 | |
-..destroyed the temple... | 0:21:03 | 0:21:07 | |
-..burned the houses, burned the -palace, broke down the city walls... | 0:21:07 | 0:21:12 | |
-..and destroyed whatever was left -of the Temple of Solomon. | 0:21:13 | 0:21:17 | |
-The Jews were forced into exile. | 0:21:30 | 0:21:34 | |
-For 70 years, Solomon and David's -subjects lived in Babylon. | 0:21:38 | 0:21:45 | |
-As slaves. | 0:21:45 | 0:21:48 | |
-It was a turning point -in their history... | 0:21:53 | 0:21:55 | |
-..and a tragedy that was etched -on the minds of the Jewish nation. | 0:21:56 | 0:22:00 | |
-And an experience, some claim, that -has formed Israel's attitude... | 0:22:03 | 0:22:07 | |
-..towards its neighbours today. | 0:22:07 | 0:22:10 | |
-2,000 years after its destruction... | 0:22:11 | 0:22:13 | |
-..the dispute -over Solomon's Temple continues. | 0:22:13 | 0:22:16 | |
-Next time, I'll focus on events that -happened here in Jesus Christ's day. | 0:22:22 | 0:22:26 | |
-The battle over -the Holy Land of Jerusalem rages on. | 0:22:31 | 0:22:35 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf. | 0:22:58 | 0:23:00 | |
-. | 0:23:01 | 0:23:01 |