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How the Beatles Rocked the Kremlin

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'It's The Beatles!'

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In August 1962, I made a little film

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with four unknown kids in a Liverpool cellar.

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# Some other guy now Taking my love away from me... #

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Soon, The Beatles had conquered much of the world.

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But back in the USSR, the repressive old men in the Kremlin tried to resist the Fab Four.

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They were defeated by their children.

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This is the untold story of how The Beatles helped to destroy Communism.

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# While in the west a Beatle stepped on all the rules

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# '60s beat was echoing throughout all the Soviet schools... #

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The Beatles turned tens of millions of young people into

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another religion, and the understanding that

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we're living in a monster state, and we needed an alternative.

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# Every Russian schoolboy wants to be a star

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# Playing Beatles music, making a guitar... #

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They changed everything, and they opened the whole world.

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It was all brought by them, by The Beatles.

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# The teachers loved to follow this

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# As if it were a sin

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# We were building communism but the Beatles bought it in... #

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They destroyed the Communism more than Gorbachev, by the way,

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the change of the Soviet Union.

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Beatles, it was the key

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that opened the door to the West culture.

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The West culture produced cultural revolution.

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Cultural revolution destroyed the Soviet Union.

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# Even comrade Brezhnev sadly shrug his hea-a-a-a-d

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# Each comrade's child was in a band yeah, yeah

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# Byron swept the land, yeah, yeah,

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# Byron swept the land Things were getting out of hand... #

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They put the first hole in the Iron Curtain, the song of Beatles.

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The Beatles were always looked upon as very dangerous, bourgeois, somehow undermined the system itself.

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# What could they do? What could they say? A generation gone astray... #

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The Beatles, it was like a fresh air.

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In Russia, it was amazing power because they had this free spirit.

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# What could they do? What could they say?

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# They walked away. #

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It was Beatles generation.

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Beatles, Beatles, Beatles, Beatles, da!

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25 years after that first film in the Liverpool Cavern Club, I began to make documentaries in the USSR.

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Over the years, I heard stories,

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incredible at first,

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about how The Beatles had changed the lives of millions of kids

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and how their music helped to destroy official culture and the communist system.

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In today's Moscow, the vast Socialist experiment feels like a dream.

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But how could four lads from Liverpool have played a part in defeating the Cold War enemy?

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I knew The Beatles had never been able

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to play behind the Iron Curtain.

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A repressive and puritanical youth culture was strictly enforced by

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a state which feared what the Beatles might bring.

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But wherever I went, people insisted

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The Beatles had a more profound impact on rocking the Kremlin

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than the threat from the West of nuclear missiles

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or anti-communist crusading.

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In the big, bad West, they've had whole huge institutions

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which spent tens of millions of dollars

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for undermining the Soviet system.

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I'm sure that the impact of all those stupid Cold War institutions

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has been much, much smaller than the impact of The Beatles.

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If you look at all the factors that led to the ultimate

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loss of belief

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in the system, which was its downfall.

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It was held together by fear and by belief.

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The Beatles played a role in first of all overcoming the fear

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and in showing that the belief was actually stupid.

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# She loves you, yeah, yeah, yeah #

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# She loves you, yeah, yeah, yeah

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# Let it be, let it be... #

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Across the USSR, The Beatles virus spawned hundreds of tribute bands.

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# Wearing the face that she keeps in a jar by the door

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# Who is it for? All the lonely people... #

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Their music was my soundtrack as I went looking for The Beatles

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generation to follow the story of an improbable revolution.

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# Won't you please, please help me

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# Help me, help me ooh. #

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Kolya Vasin is Russia's ultimate Beatles fan.

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Adventures. Beatles gave me adventures all my life.

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For more than 40 years, he's been building his John Lennon temple of love in St Petersburg.

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Another life. With The Beatles, another life.

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-Flying with The Beatles.

-# Do you want to know a secret?

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# Do you promise not to tell? #

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Since 1964, when he first heard a bootleg Beatles tape, he has been

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amassing his horde of Beatles treasure.

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For Kolya Vasin and millions of other kids,

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it was never easy to be a Beatles fan in the Soviet Union.

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Reviled by the Communist authorities as Western pollution,

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Beatles records were banned.

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Vigilantes patrolled the streets rounding up rock 'n' roll fans and shaving off their long hair.

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Police at airports kept a look-out for smuggled records.

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You just bring it into the country, actually, it's like contraband.

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Just - you bring in this album.

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"No, you're not supposed to bring this stuff into the country,"

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and they will find it in your luggage. They will scratch it.

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It was a device like three nails together just to scratch it, because it should be done in a proper way.

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Official Soviet culture ignored The Beatles' invasion,

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preferring accordions and folk dancing to guitars and the Fab Four.

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Being a young radical man,

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I just hated all of this because it was all square, totally uncool.

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All the singers had the wrong haircuts.

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They were dressed like office clerks,

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and they sang like Brezhnev at the Communist Party Congress.

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Soviet culture has been totally unsexy,

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very rigid, too limited.

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There was nothing bright and free and funky and sexy

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and funny about it, and, of course,

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these qualities were exactly the vitamins that our bodies needed.

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In the mid '60s, ingenious Beatles fans found

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a way to make their own bootlegs.

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Their secret weapons were street-side recording booths,

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where homesick soldiers could make sound letters for their mums.

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After hours, fans would turn up with tapes of Beatles songs

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illicitly recorded from Radio Luxembourg.

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And you could do

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a recording of Beatles songs.

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At the beginning, they did it on the used X-rays, which they collected

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from trash in the medical institutes or in clinics or in hospitals.

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There was the machine with the needle,

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which was scratching grooves on this X-ray.

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A black market mushroomed fed by records on ribs.

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So kids could listen to I Feel Fine on Uncle Sergei's lungs.

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I used to buy ribs when I was a kid.

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There was a guy keeping it in a sleeve.

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Flexible, flexi-disks

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because it was prohibited, in his sleeve, flexis, three rubles.

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OK. You want shakes. You want rock 'n' rolls?

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Shake was dance, you know, shake.

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You want some rock 'n' rolls? You want some shakes?

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Three rubles.

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"What's this?"

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"It's good rock 'n' roll."

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This was very dangerous for people who sold it. It was prohibited.

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Shrugging off official disapproval, the Beatles virus raged across the Soviet empire.

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In Minsk, 500 miles from Moscow, Yuri Pelushonok caught the bug.

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But Yeah, Yeah, Yeah, the song is so good and so nice that you fell in love when you hear this.

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You can just feel it. You know? It's in the air.

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I can't explain you, but everybody knows it. It's an icon.

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If my mum would like to tell me to have a haircut, she would say,

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"You're worse than a Beatle."

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In Kiev too, The Beatles virus was unstoppable.

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Nikolai Poturaev was a schoolboy back then.

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They opened the whole world,

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and my decision to go to the university to

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the faculty of English language and literature and my interest to

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English spoken culture, it was all brought by them,

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by The Beatles, and this feeling of freedom.

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You meet friends after long period of being alone.

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# Listen, do you want to know a secret... #

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In St Petersburg, Sergei Ivanov caught The Beatles virus.

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The boy who would grow up to be Russian Defence Supremo

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and Vladimir Putin's Deputy Prime Minister

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confesses he still has symptoms of the infection

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he caught more than 40 years ago.

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That was '62, '63.

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I was a kid

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around 10, 11 years age,

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average Soviet kid,

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and I tuned to the radio station and heard a music.

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I suspect it was Love Me Do.

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I still remember that.

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Then the Beatle harmonia started

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including the Soviet Union by the way.

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In that sense, the Soviet Union was a normal European country,

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except one thing, The Beatles didn't come.

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Of course the Soviet Union was far from a normal country,

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and the young Ivanov was probably tuned illicitly to Radio Luxembourg.

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But ignoring official hostility,

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Soviet kids continued to track down Beatles' music.

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I became a Beatles fan.

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I know most of their songs.

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I still remember them.

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Hearing The Beatles music, I'm sure it helped me to

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learn English language properly.

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Woke up and made my bed, dragged a comb across my head.

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That was the first time I learned what the word "comb"

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means in Russian.

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By the way, I still remember that.

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In the Soviet Union, official propaganda was one thing,

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but real life was totally different.

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The Beatles became such a phenomenal thing in the Soviet Union because

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they came in the very right time with the very right kind of music.

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The timing has been perfect

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because, if it happened two or three years earlier,

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in the very beginning of the '60s,

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I think that their music would fall on a less fertile ground.

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In '61, '62, we had a very powerful agenda of our own in the Soviet Union.

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We've had our own global superhero, Yuri Gagarin,

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the first man in space.

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And we have had, you know,

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these also long-haired and bearded romantic revolutionaries in Cuba.

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We had our own charismatic leader Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev

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who promised to bury the United States and to build communism

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in 20 years' time.

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Communism, of course, was a kind of ideally utopian society, and we believed it.

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So at that time, it was really cool to be a Soviet.

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Then in 1964, of course, Mr Khrushchev has been kicked out

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and replaced by a bunch of much more boring guys.

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This is how the decades of so-called stagnation have started.

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This is exactly when The Beatles' music started slowly

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to infiltrate the Soviet mass consciousness.

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And it was then that Kolya Vasin began his long obsession with the Beatles.

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Here in an article about Beatles in the Russian press, they say

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shooting Beatles, very bad article, very bad article.

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That's communist, communist.

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When I saw this article,

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I say, Soviet is bad state,

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and I make immigration to free territory

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of Russia in '64 year.

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I say to me in my soul, I will live without Soviets,

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only in my room with The Beatles.

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To young people they say Beatles is bad.

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Fans in search of Beatles' music faced serious threats

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from the Soviet state.

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Going to the black markets, it was real danger,

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because if you were caught,

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and you could be caught every time you are there.

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They organised special militia operations

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trying to catch people, those who sold and those who bought.

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If you were caught with the discs, it automatically meant that you were thrown out from the university.

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And that is why tape recorders played so important role.

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You went to the black market together with your friends, and you decided "OK. I will buy this disc.

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"You'll buy this. You'll buy this, then we exchange, and we will record it from player to the tape recorder."

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This is how it worked, and the Soviets can do nothing, and it was great!

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These tapes, they played a very important role in our history.

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This is something that hang

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the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

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Near the centre of Kiev, I came upon unexpected evidence of the Beatles' legacy.

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# She wouldn't dance with another

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# Ooh, when I saw her standing there

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# Well, my heart went boom... #

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The Kiev Cavern Club sent me curious echoes of that cellar in Liverpool

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where I first met the Fab Four.

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I started this place because I love The Beatles,

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and I did it mostly for fun.

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When I started, I think that most of customer

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will be person over the 40, 50 years,

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and I make a mistake.

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A lot of young men come in here and listen to the music.

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They know all the words of Beatles' song, so a lot of people.

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Vova Katzman told me he actually got the idea for his club

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after seeing that little film I made in Liverpool.

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He was only able to open this place after the collapse of communism,

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and he has his own stories of the long years when The Beatles were taboo in the Soviet Union.

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It was not permitted.

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It was illegal. There is no records in the store.

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Information about Beatles was closed.

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It was something

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of different work.

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I was arrested some time

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by Ukrainian, Russian police.

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They cut my hair, take me along. I don't care.

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I love Beatles.

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It was illegal.

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If something illegal, people want it more and more.

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It means a piece of freedom.

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# Lady Madonna, children at your feet...#

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I suppose they changed the world and they destroyed the communism,

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more than Gorbachev, by the way.

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They changed the Soviet Union.

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When my mother and father listen that first time, Beatles music,

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they don't like it, because I hear it in a maximum volume,

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and it was very strange for them.

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They born before revolution, the product of Russia.

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They a product of communism.

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They told me, "Don't listen this music.

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"Teach the mathematic."

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So that's why I wrote this word on this wall,

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and I told to my mother,

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"Look at John. Look at Paul,

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"because they was a poor boy,

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"and they became a millionaire."

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My mother listen to the music of Beatles right now, and she like it.

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Everything changes.

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For Beatles super-fan Kolya Vasin in Saint Petersburg,

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this is a big day, John Lennon's birthday.

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For more than 30 years now, Kolya and his friends

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have staged musical celebrations for each of the Beatles' birthdays.

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For us, that's like native music, native.

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It's our music.

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John Lennon is a Russian man for us.

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Over almost four decades, Kolya Vasin has paid the price

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of his obsession with The Beatles

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in his battles with hostile authorities.

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Everywhere I went people told me myths about The Beatles.

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Starved of real information kids spun stories about the Fab Four.

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They swapped fables which became smudged and fantastic,

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like the photographs they copied and copied

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until they were as mysterious and revered as the Turin shroud.

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In Minsk, Yuri Pelushonok remembers sharing Beatles' stories in the schoolyard with his friend Yakov.

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Everybody who is bringing the rumours in class,

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everybody listening to him, and he's enjoying all the attention.

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Do you know that English Queen gave John Lennon a gold car, pure gold? No, it's not.

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It couldn't be pure gold because it would be too heavy for John Lennon to escape from his fans. No, it's not.

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No, it was silver, no gold. No, silver.

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But the most persistent myth is the story of the secret concert.

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In towns and cities across the Soviet Union, millions of fans convinced by the song,

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Back In The USSR, believed the Beatles' plane touched down near them to refuel on the way to Japan.

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Then the legend tells how the Fab Four emerged from the plane

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to play an impromptu concert on the wing.

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We came to conclusion that Beatles' plane probably put on some military airport not far from here.

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We went to see this actual airport where just they were landed,

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and then a soldier approached and say, "What are you doing here?

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"What's your business here?"

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Yes, top secret here. There was a Kalashnikov.

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We say, "Oh, we are only people. Just don't shoot us!"

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And then, "What are you doing here?" basically.

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But it was a first-year soldier.

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It was very understanding to us.

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He say, "Come on, guys.

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"Beatles played near Leningrad

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"when they landed and played on the wing of the plane acoustic guitars.

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"It's shameful not to know this."

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It was religion, you know, some bright light in a dreary life.

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It was a quiet revolution.

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Something sacred, you have it in your heart.

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Like so many other Soviet kids, Andrei Makarevich filled his

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school books with doodles and daydreams about the Beatles.

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I'm absolutely sure that it was a lesson of mathematics or something

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that I hated and it was very dull, and my hands did it, just itself.

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Makarevich also recalls fantasies about a secret visit

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to a Moscow hotel by John Lennon.

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A guy from our school,

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he spent two days and nights in the bushes

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without food and water, watching the entrance.

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And he came back and he said, "I saw John Lennon."

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We had to believe.

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I knew schoolboys, people

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who convinced...

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..everyone that they had seen John Lennon on...Gorky Street, it was called, Gorky Street.

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And I personally seen him

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buying some bread.

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We were so crazy that I saw a dream three or four times,

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that Beatles come and I meet them and I show them Moscow,

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and I even bring them to school.

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And that teachers begin to worry.

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"Who are these guys? They are from what country? Why long hair?"

0:31:360:31:41

So it was a big scandal. I woke up in a cold sweat.

0:31:410:31:44

Andrei Makarevich turned his schoolboy dreams into reality,

0:31:460:31:50

becoming one of the Soviet Union's first rock stars with his band, Mashina Vremeni, Time Machine.

0:31:500:31:57

Playing only underground venues,

0:31:580:32:01

Time Machine became skilful at avoiding police harassment.

0:32:010:32:05

But they were never filmed until the late '70s,

0:32:050:32:09

when Russia had moved on to big hair and bad shirts.

0:32:090:32:13

I can't say that we made music the first two years,

0:32:190:32:24

we just tried to look like Beatles, to sound like Beatles.

0:32:240:32:29

But we played every night, we sat in the room and just played,

0:32:290:32:35

we listened and played, listened and played, listened, tried to sing...

0:32:350:32:39

And we moved on.

0:32:420:32:44

40 years later, Andrei Makarevich and Time Machine

0:32:480:32:52

were to make a record at the Beatles' Abbey Road studios.

0:32:520:32:56

The legendary Beatles producer George Martin came to say hello.

0:33:090:33:14

All you need is love!

0:33:240:33:27

For his John Lennon birthday party in St Petersburg, Kolya Vasin

0:33:270:33:31

has assembled a dozen tribute bands

0:33:310:33:33

to play once again the music which seduced a generation.

0:33:330:33:37

# Do you promise not to tell? #

0:33:390:33:41

Almost 50 years after the Beatles virus first infected

0:33:440:33:48

the Soviet Union, it lives on in the thousands of fans who still keep the faith and play the old songs.

0:33:480:33:55

# I get by with a little help from my friends

0:33:560:34:00

# Gonna try with a little help from my friends... #

0:34:000:34:03

# Help me if you can I'm feeling down

0:34:030:34:08

# And I do appreciate you being round... #

0:34:080:34:13

# Whoo! She loves you yeah, yeah, yeah

0:34:130:34:17

# She loves you yeah, yeah, yeah

0:34:170:34:20

# And a love like that, you know you should be glad... #

0:34:200:34:23

# Money don't get everything it's true

0:34:250:34:28

# What it don't get, I can't use So give me money

0:34:290:34:33

# That's what I want... #

0:34:330:34:37

I sometimes had a feeling on my journey that I was slipping in time,

0:34:370:34:42

lost in an era which is hardly a memory back in my world.

0:34:420:34:45

# And I saw her standing there... # One more time!

0:34:480:34:52

# And I saw her standing there. #

0:34:530:34:57

Being with that audience in St Petersburg,

0:35:090:35:11

it was obvious that the Beatles songs still connect with kids as well as with their grandparents.

0:35:110:35:18

But I kept remembering how tough it was for earlier generations to make this music their own.

0:35:180:35:24

In Minsk, Yuri Pelyushonok decided the only way he could follow the Beatles was to build his own guitar.

0:35:340:35:40

If you're lucky, you know, you have actual photograph of the Beatles

0:35:540:35:58

guitar, and then you draw it on a table or something.

0:35:580:36:02

I sawed the table myself, my grandma's table.

0:36:020:36:06

I built all the guitars at home, or sometimes in the school shop.

0:36:060:36:11

We just pretended it was to build something else.

0:36:110:36:13

The biggest challenge was to make a pick-up,

0:36:130:36:16

to get that rock and roll sound.

0:36:160:36:18

I think it was Yank Technician magazine,

0:36:180:36:22

someone shared the idea

0:36:220:36:23

of how to build the pick-up out of a telephone receiver.

0:36:230:36:27

So the next day, receivers gone, all around the country.

0:36:270:36:31

It was just like that. Gone.

0:36:310:36:34

Then there was the problem of finding a speaker.

0:36:340:36:38

Propaganda should sound loud.

0:36:380:36:40

If a militiaman or a policeman was not watching you, yeah, you would just climb.

0:36:430:36:47

And you have a decent speaker.

0:36:510:36:54

Equipped with his home-made guitar, Yuri was ready to follow the Beatles to rock and roll heaven.

0:36:540:37:01

You just hear it and you want to do it.

0:37:010:37:03

You want to be part of it.

0:37:030:37:05

You want to be like them. You have never seen them, but you want to be.

0:37:050:37:09

You join together with your band, you play and you're happy.

0:37:090:37:13

In Minsk, Yuri Pelyushonok brings his band together for the first time in 30 years.

0:37:490:37:54

Nobody changed too much, except for me.

0:37:560:37:59

The last time we played, in 1978, but we just met in Jacob's apartment.

0:37:590:38:07

He grabs guitar, I grabbed guitar and Jacob grabbed this empty canister and we created this song.

0:38:070:38:15

And it was quite amazing, as if we went for a smoke in 1978

0:38:150:38:20

and then we just returned back, just 15 minutes later.

0:38:200:38:24

Yuri wrote a song to recall those days when Soviet kids were hungry to make rock and roll.

0:38:260:38:32

You have something in your heart that you don't let anyone touch, you know, it's yours.

0:39:430:39:48

It's official, life is going on in its official way and you have an unofficial life.

0:39:480:39:53

It's a huge separation, it's a huge gap.

0:39:530:39:56

By the early '70s, Soviet authorities began to waver.

0:39:560:40:01

It was time to make some cautious compromise

0:40:010:40:04

with the Beatles generation, or at least make some money.

0:40:040:40:09

State factories churned out guitars.

0:40:090:40:12

The state recording monolith, Melaudia,

0:40:120:40:16

released a few Beatles tracks, identified at first as folk songs

0:40:160:40:21

played by an anonymous vocal instrumental group.

0:40:210:40:25

Copyright fees were ignored.

0:40:280:40:31

The Communist Party went into the bootleg business.

0:40:310:40:35

Not we won the victory, they lost.

0:40:370:40:40

And they say, "At least we'll squeeze some money out of it."

0:40:400:40:43

Make a virtue of necessity, you know, you couldn't win, you make money.

0:40:430:40:50

Andrei Tropillo made a reputation in St Petersburg recording the first Russian rock bands.

0:40:540:41:01

He funded his passion by making bootleg Beatles records.

0:41:010:41:06

These days, Tropillo turns out legitimate CDs and DVDs.

0:41:100:41:15

It's a very clever process.

0:41:150:41:18

But in Soviet times, Tropillo became a director with the state

0:41:180:41:22

record company, Melaudia, duplicating Beatles albums for the Soviet masses.

0:41:220:41:28

Actually, all homes in those times had Beatles records.

0:41:300:41:35

All, believe me.

0:41:350:41:37

Of course, when I became the Melaudia director, I produced many hundreds of thousands of albums of Beatles.

0:41:370:41:44

People have the right to use it, to listen.

0:41:440:41:48

I support not copyright but copyleft.

0:41:510:41:53

Because I'm sure that in Russia we should support musical piracy,

0:41:560:42:01

because musical piracy was the key to have freedom in Russia,

0:42:010:42:05

to have free information.

0:42:050:42:08

Andrei Tropillo confirmed his place in Soviet Beatles mythology

0:42:080:42:13

by inserting his face into the iconic Sergeant Pepper album sleeve.

0:42:130:42:18

As Beatles music became more available in the 1970s,

0:42:200:42:25

Beatles style began to obsess a generation,

0:42:250:42:29

ten years after it had faded in the West.

0:42:290:42:31

They influenced everything,

0:42:310:42:33

they influenced our music,

0:42:330:42:36

they influenced our life, our way of living, our dress, how we dress,

0:42:360:42:42

they influenced everything, actually.

0:42:420:42:45

All the hairstyles, you know,

0:42:450:42:48

cowboy boots and everything.

0:42:480:42:51

So it was like an amazing power,

0:42:510:42:55

because all the youngsters, all young people,

0:42:550:42:58

they started to imitate, they started to feel more free.

0:42:580:43:01

What was available, bad quality photos of the Beatles,

0:43:010:43:06

God knows taken from where, from which album or cover

0:43:060:43:11

or newspaper and so on.

0:43:110:43:13

And you can buy these pictures for 50 kopecks.

0:43:130:43:17

And it was a choice, either to have breakfast

0:43:170:43:21

or to buy these Beatles pictures.

0:43:210:43:23

They wouldn't be able to buy any kind of clothes in Soviet shops,

0:43:230:43:29

and just with some imagination

0:43:290:43:32

and a pair of scissors, we would turn an ordinary school jacket

0:43:320:43:38

into a collarless Beatles jacket.

0:43:380:43:41

And of course Lennon's glasses.

0:43:420:43:45

Lennon's glasses is just fashion.

0:43:450:43:48

All 22 square million kilometres of the Soviet Union, Lennon glasses.

0:43:480:43:51

There were several specially trained guys who would be a transforming army boots, real army boots,

0:43:510:43:57

very heavy and ugly and so on, into some kind of elegant Beatles style.

0:43:570:44:02

Each and every person who had a guitar and moptop hairstyle

0:44:020:44:07

was a Russian Beatle.

0:44:070:44:09

I was.

0:44:090:44:11

I was skinny, huge hair, guitar,

0:44:110:44:15

Paul McCartney playing bass.

0:44:150:44:17

I spent like two or three hours just trying to stretch my hair

0:44:170:44:25

and made myself a haircut to make myself look like the Beatles.

0:44:250:44:31

So not only the boys were copying the Beatles' hairstyle, but the girls as well.

0:44:310:44:37

So it was like a fairy-tale, and a lot of people just having a glimpse,

0:44:370:44:43

a small window out from the West.

0:44:430:44:46

By the early 1980s, the gap between the Beatles generation

0:44:460:44:51

and their geriatric leaders had become unbridgeable.

0:44:510:44:55

As a huge country stagnated,

0:44:570:44:59

millions of young people defected into their own world.

0:44:590:45:05

If we talk about the historical impact of the Beatles,

0:45:050:45:10

they have alienated a whole generation of young,

0:45:100:45:17

well-educated, urban Soviet kids

0:45:170:45:20

from their communist motherland.

0:45:200:45:24

They wanted to live in an alternative world,

0:45:240:45:28

consuming alternative culture, pursuing alternative lifestyle.

0:45:280:45:34

You're a stranger in your own country.

0:45:340:45:37

You can live behind the Iron Curtain,

0:45:370:45:40

you can pretend to be a young communist,

0:45:400:45:43

but at the same time, you can be someone totally different.

0:45:430:45:48

Liberated by the Beatles, Soviet rock confronted the system.

0:45:490:45:54

Viktor Tsoi's song, Changes, became an anthem for the early-'80s.

0:45:540:45:59

In March 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the Soviet leader.

0:46:180:46:24

The man who would be called the USSR's first rock and roll President.

0:46:270:46:31

I always like to quote the words said by Mikhail Gorbachev,

0:46:310:46:36

quote, "I do believe the music of the Beatles has taught the young

0:46:360:46:40

"generation of the Soviet Union that there is another life, there is freedom somewhere."

0:46:400:46:45

And of course this feeling has put us on towards perestroika, towards the dialogue with the outside world."

0:46:450:46:51

# The minute your let her under your skin... #

0:46:510:46:56

In the heady days of the late '80s, even Joseph Kobzon, for decades

0:46:570:47:02

the official voice of patriotic socialism, sang Beatles hits.

0:47:020:47:07

# Any time you feel the pain, hey, Jude, refrain

0:47:070:47:13

# Don't carry the world

0:47:130:47:16

# Upon your shoulders... #

0:47:160:47:20

As the Berlin Wall was torn down in November 1989, triggering revolutions across the Soviet Union,

0:47:330:47:40

the communist empire began to collapse.

0:47:400:47:43

You can smell that the communism is already gone in the Baltic countries

0:47:470:47:52

and it's on its last legs in Moscow, Belarus, the Ukraine.

0:47:520:47:56

So they say, "Let's do something interesting for kids, finally."

0:47:560:48:01

And what would be interesting? Beatles.

0:48:010:48:02

Well, OK, let's make a programme.

0:48:020:48:05

With the help of a school friend who was now working in TV,

0:48:100:48:14

Yuri recorded the first ever programme about the Beatles.

0:48:140:48:19

He persuaded a Beatles fanatic, Vladimir Sevitsky,

0:48:190:48:23

to share the responsibility.

0:48:230:48:26

And it was really a surprise for everyone that it was possible.

0:48:260:48:29

We were so inspired by this opportunity

0:48:290:48:33

to talk at last about this music.

0:48:330:48:37

But in the chaos surrounding the collapse of communism,

0:48:370:48:41

fearful TV bosses wiped the tape before it could be shown.

0:48:410:48:45

Yuri's friends smuggled a copy to him and 30 Minutes With The Beatles

0:48:490:48:54

was finally broadcast across the Soviet Union.

0:48:540:48:57

By then, Yuri had given up on his home country

0:48:590:49:03

and stowed away on a ship to Canada to start a new life.

0:49:030:49:08

Since the ending of communism and the collapse of the USSR,

0:49:100:49:13

the Beatles generation have become grandads and babouskas.

0:49:130:49:19

The consummation of the 40-year love affair

0:49:240:49:28

came on May 24 2003 in Red Square.

0:49:280:49:32

# I'm back in the USSR

0:49:330:49:35

# You don't know how lucky you are, boy

0:49:350:49:40

# Back in the USSR

0:49:400:49:42

-# Well, the Ukraine girls really knock me out

-Ooh, ooh, ooh

0:49:440:49:48

# They leave the West behind

0:49:480:49:50

# And Moscow girls make me sing and shout

0:49:510:49:54

# That Georgia's always on my mind On my mind! #

0:49:540:49:59

# Flew in from Miami Beach BOAC Didn't get to bed last night... #

0:50:110:50:15

Across the republics of the former Soviet Union, Back In The USSR is an enduring anthem.

0:50:150:50:21

# Back in the USSR

0:50:210:50:24

# Don't know how lucky you are, boys... #

0:50:240:50:26

For the people who were there when Paul McCartney brought the Beatles'

0:50:260:50:30

music to Red Square, the memory of that night stays with them.

0:50:300:50:35

It was actually like a huge

0:50:360:50:40

religious ceremony.

0:50:400:50:42

# Back in the USSR... #

0:50:420:50:44

It was like a real holy day.

0:50:470:50:50

# Well, the Ukraine girls really knock me out

0:50:510:50:55

# They leave the West behind... #

0:50:550:50:56

Is it a reality or not?

0:50:560:51:00

Or we are happy that we lived to the time when it became possible.

0:51:000:51:05

# I'm back in the USSR

0:51:050:51:07

# You don't know how lucky you are, boys... #

0:51:070:51:11

They were rivers and waterfalls of tears,

0:51:110:51:15

something that sums up your whole life.

0:51:150:51:20

# You don't know how lucky you are, boys

0:51:200:51:23

# Back in the USSR... #

0:51:230:51:25

The Beatles revolution changed a superpower

0:51:250:51:29

and still today, somewhere across the former Soviet Union,

0:51:290:51:33

someone will be replaying The Beatles one more time.

0:51:330:51:37

Beatles! Hey, Beatles! Ho, Beatles!

0:51:420:51:46

In Gorky Park, Moscow's Krishna community celebrate George Harrison's music.

0:51:470:51:54

# Here comes the sun, here comes the sun

0:51:560:52:00

# And I say, it's all right... #

0:52:000:52:02

At the Catherine Palace in Saint Petersburg,

0:52:070:52:10

guests arrive for the Pushkin Ball, the social highlight of the year.

0:52:100:52:15

With music by the Beatles.

0:52:180:52:20

It's like talking about what does Pushkin mean to Russian poetry.

0:52:330:52:36

The Beatles to popular Western and popular music

0:52:360:52:40

of the world is like saying, "What is Pushkin to Russian literature?"

0:52:400:52:44

On the same evening as the Pushkin Ball, in a Saint Petersburg club,

0:52:500:52:55

a new punk band are playing John Lennon's Power To The People.

0:52:550:52:59

For their leader, Igor Salnikov, his passion for Lennon is life-changing.

0:53:030:53:09

It is my plan to change my name to John Lennon,

0:53:140:53:18

but I have my Russian second name after my father,

0:53:180:53:24

and so it's going to be John Vladimirovich Lennon.

0:53:240:53:29

In the Ukraine, the peasants of a village called Beatli

0:53:320:53:36

have relished the accident of their name and adapted their folk songs.

0:53:360:53:41

In Saint Petersburg, Beatles superfan Kolya Vasin

0:53:480:53:51

is still holding on to his dream of building a temple to John Lennon.

0:53:510:53:57

He's found his perfect place on the edge of the city.

0:53:570:54:01

Whoo-hey!

0:54:010:54:05

And he's lobbying the city council for funding to make his dream a reality.

0:54:050:54:09

# We all live in the yellow submarine

0:54:540:54:57

# Yellow submarine, yellow submarine... #

0:54:570:55:00

I went to Kiev for Paul McCartney's first ever concert in Ukraine.

0:55:080:55:13

In a city where the Fab Four had once been banned

0:55:130:55:17

and their fans hounded,

0:55:170:55:18

the arrival of a long awaited Beatle

0:55:180:55:21

is bringing thousands onto the streets.

0:55:210:55:25

I've come to understand that the Beatles mattered far more

0:55:250:55:28

behind the Iron Curtain than they ever did for us in the West.

0:55:280:55:32

In the Kiev Beatles Museum, I can feel the force

0:55:340:55:38

of the repressed yearning which ultimately changed a generation.

0:55:380:55:43

To celebrate McCartney's arrival, kids from across the country

0:55:500:55:53

are competing for the best Beatles performance.

0:55:530:55:56

# Can't buy me love

0:55:560:55:59

# Can't buy me love

0:55:590:56:03

# No, no, no, no

0:56:030:56:05

# Yeah, yeah, yeah, let it be,

0:56:050:56:10

# Let it be, let it be

0:56:100:56:13

# Got to be good looking cos it's so hard to see

0:56:220:56:25

-# Come together, right now

-Over me... #

0:56:250:56:32

It's hard to reconcile the freshness and dedication of those kids

0:56:340:56:38

with the invasion of an international rock spectacular

0:56:380:56:42

shut away behind its security battalions.

0:56:420:56:45

I keep thinking about those four lads in a Liverpool cellar long ago.

0:56:450:56:51

And then it begins to rain.

0:56:590:57:02

Five hours later, it's still raining.

0:57:090:57:12

There are fears that Paul McCartney's concert

0:57:150:57:18

might have to be abandoned.

0:57:180:57:19

# Asked the girl what she wanted to be

0:57:310:57:35

# She said "Baby, can't you see?"

0:57:350:57:37

# "I wanna be famous, a star on the screen"

0:57:370:57:41

# But you can do something in between

0:57:410:57:44

# Baby, you can drive my car

0:57:450:57:48

# Yes, I'm gonna be a star

0:57:480:57:52

# Baby, you can drive my car and, baby, I love you. #

0:57:520:57:57

Beep-beep, beep-beep, yeah!

0:57:570:58:01

I could imagine myself to be a cosmonaut in the open space

0:58:010:58:05

but I would never think that one day somebody

0:58:050:58:08

from Beatles would be playing right here in the heart of Ukraine.

0:58:080:58:11

In order to understand what really happens here,

0:58:130:58:16

you have to be born back in USSR.

0:58:160:58:18

# I told the girl I could start right away

0:58:180:58:21

# But she said "Listen, babe, I've got something to say"

0:58:210:58:25

# "I've got no car and it's breaking my heart"

0:58:250:58:29

# "But I've got a driver and that's a start"

0:58:290:58:32

# Baby, you can drive my car

0:58:320:58:34

# Yes, I'm gonna be a star... #

0:58:360:58:40

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