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Hello, and welcome to Remembrance Week. | 0:00:02 | 0:00:04 | |
I'm in Afghanistan to see the selfless work | 0:00:04 | 0:00:07 | |
our incredible servicemen and women do here every day. | 0:00:07 | 0:00:11 | |
As Remembrance Sunday approaches, | 0:00:11 | 0:00:13 | |
we will also hear first-hand from those who went before them, | 0:00:13 | 0:00:17 | |
and share their extraordinary accounts | 0:00:17 | 0:00:19 | |
of friendship, courage and loss. | 0:00:19 | 0:00:22 | |
Coming up on today's programme: | 0:00:22 | 0:00:24 | |
the tragic story of a Royal Marine who kept a remarkable diary | 0:00:24 | 0:00:29 | |
of life on the front line in Afghanistan. | 0:00:29 | 0:00:32 | |
It's very much as if he's in the room with you. | 0:00:32 | 0:00:35 | |
You know, I can hear his voice, pretty much. | 0:00:35 | 0:00:37 | |
A young Second World War nurse describes | 0:00:39 | 0:00:42 | |
the discovery of the Belsen concentration camp | 0:00:42 | 0:00:45 | |
and her fight to save the lives of the survivors. | 0:00:45 | 0:00:48 | |
It was heartbreaking. Heartbreaking. | 0:00:48 | 0:00:51 | |
No-one could envisage that human beings | 0:00:51 | 0:00:54 | |
could be treated in such a way. | 0:00:54 | 0:00:57 | |
And a bomb disposal officer in the Falklands remembers | 0:00:57 | 0:01:00 | |
the terrifying moment when an unexploded bomb suddenly detonated. | 0:01:00 | 0:01:05 | |
I was drifting down this very long tunnel | 0:01:05 | 0:01:08 | |
with a very bright light at the end of it. | 0:01:08 | 0:01:10 | |
And I honestly thought I was dead. | 0:01:10 | 0:01:12 | |
Throughout history, war diaries have offered us a fascinating insight | 0:01:19 | 0:01:23 | |
into the reality of daily life on the front line. | 0:01:23 | 0:01:27 | |
And it's no different today. | 0:01:27 | 0:01:28 | |
John was a fun-loving youngster, which was great. | 0:01:35 | 0:01:38 | |
He used to play army, soldiers in the back garden | 0:01:40 | 0:01:43 | |
and over the woods, yeah. | 0:01:43 | 0:01:44 | |
Amazing. | 0:01:44 | 0:01:45 | |
John was two years younger than me, | 0:01:47 | 0:01:50 | |
but we were so close. | 0:01:50 | 0:01:52 | |
Kind of like living with your best mate | 0:01:52 | 0:01:53 | |
than living with your brother, really. Yeah, it was good. | 0:01:53 | 0:01:57 | |
It was at 13 that he started going to the Air Cadets. | 0:01:59 | 0:02:02 | |
Came up with the idea that he wanted to be a Royal Marine officer. | 0:02:05 | 0:02:08 | |
He was so focused then, | 0:02:10 | 0:02:12 | |
everything he did from that point on was with that as his aim. | 0:02:12 | 0:02:16 | |
John Thornton realised his boyhood dream of becoming a Royal Marine. | 0:02:21 | 0:02:26 | |
His proud family were there to watch his passing out parade. | 0:02:27 | 0:02:31 | |
Quite a tearful day, actually, cos all the commands, all about | 0:02:31 | 0:02:35 | |
"Royal Marines Young Officers do this, do that," | 0:02:35 | 0:02:38 | |
and then the last command was "Royal Marine Officers, do your duty." | 0:02:38 | 0:02:42 | |
I mean... Yeah. Quite tearful now, actually, thinking about it. | 0:02:42 | 0:02:47 | |
Yeah, it was a brilliant occasion. It was good, it was brilliant, yeah. | 0:02:47 | 0:02:51 | |
Yeah. He'd reached his goal. Yeah. He'd done it. | 0:02:51 | 0:02:55 | |
Following a tour of duty in Iraq, John was posted to Afghanistan. | 0:02:59 | 0:03:04 | |
The night before they flew, I think, he rang, | 0:03:04 | 0:03:08 | |
and just said... Which he hadn't done before Iraq, which was strange, | 0:03:08 | 0:03:12 | |
but he phoned up and said, "I just wanted you to know that | 0:03:12 | 0:03:16 | |
"if something happens, I've written letters for the family. | 0:03:16 | 0:03:21 | |
"I've left them on my desk in my room." | 0:03:21 | 0:03:24 | |
"If anything happens, can you go and pick them up?" | 0:03:26 | 0:03:28 | |
That was...kind of really hit home to me then the kind of gravity | 0:03:32 | 0:03:35 | |
of the situation again, that there was that chance | 0:03:35 | 0:03:38 | |
that he may not come back. | 0:03:38 | 0:03:40 | |
John made the decision to keep a diary of life on the front line. | 0:03:42 | 0:03:46 | |
A remarkable record of his private thoughts and emotions. | 0:03:47 | 0:03:52 | |
His first entry describes writing those letters to his family. | 0:03:52 | 0:03:56 | |
"Deployment day." | 0:04:02 | 0:04:03 | |
He was telling us that he was going to be OK, | 0:04:22 | 0:04:25 | |
because he'd got a great bunch of guys, they were very experienced, | 0:04:25 | 0:04:29 | |
and he was going to be behind the big guns | 0:04:29 | 0:04:31 | |
sitting on the peaks at Kajaki Dam. | 0:04:31 | 0:04:34 | |
So we weren't to worry about it. | 0:04:34 | 0:04:35 | |
While he was out there, there was a lot of phone calls that, you know, | 0:04:52 | 0:04:56 | |
he'd tell me in detail what had happened, | 0:04:56 | 0:04:58 | |
whereas Mum and Dad got the parents' version of the story, I think. | 0:04:58 | 0:05:02 | |
Early in 2008, British troops | 0:05:25 | 0:05:27 | |
were the target of numerous improvised explosive devices. | 0:05:27 | 0:05:31 | |
One of John's colleagues was killed. | 0:05:35 | 0:05:37 | |
But in his diary, John was defiant. | 0:05:39 | 0:05:42 | |
John was into the last weeks of his tour of duty. | 0:06:07 | 0:06:10 | |
His family couldn't wait to see him again. | 0:06:10 | 0:06:14 | |
Counting down the days, and you start to plan things | 0:06:14 | 0:06:16 | |
for when he gets home. | 0:06:16 | 0:06:18 | |
I know Mum and Dad had even started buying, you know, | 0:06:18 | 0:06:20 | |
"welcome home" banners and all this kind of stuff. | 0:06:20 | 0:06:24 | |
This was to be John's last diary entry. | 0:06:54 | 0:06:57 | |
Two weeks before they were due to come back, | 0:07:01 | 0:07:04 | |
and we were in here just cooking some dinner | 0:07:04 | 0:07:07 | |
and the door bell rang, and you think, "Who's this? | 0:07:07 | 0:07:09 | |
"20 past eight on a Sunday night." | 0:07:09 | 0:07:12 | |
And I went to the front door, and opened the door. | 0:07:15 | 0:07:17 | |
And it was a Royal Marine and a padre. | 0:07:20 | 0:07:23 | |
And before they say anything, you just instinctively know. | 0:07:23 | 0:07:27 | |
It can be nothing else. | 0:07:27 | 0:07:29 | |
My head was just going, "Please say he's just badly injured, | 0:07:29 | 0:07:32 | |
"please say he's just badly injured." | 0:07:32 | 0:07:33 | |
"Sorry to have to tell you that your son, Lt John Thornton, | 0:07:33 | 0:07:36 | |
"was killed in Afghanistan in action earlier today." | 0:07:36 | 0:07:39 | |
On March 30, 2008, John Thornton was killed | 0:07:41 | 0:07:45 | |
when his vehicle struck a roadside IED. | 0:07:45 | 0:07:48 | |
He was 22 years old. | 0:07:48 | 0:07:51 | |
You kind of hear those words | 0:07:51 | 0:07:53 | |
and your whole world is just kind of shattered. | 0:07:53 | 0:07:55 | |
It was like a physical blow. | 0:07:55 | 0:07:57 | |
I can remember I sort of reeled back across the porch. | 0:07:57 | 0:08:01 | |
Mmm. And...yeah. | 0:08:01 | 0:08:04 | |
That was before they'd said anything. | 0:08:04 | 0:08:05 | |
Horrible day. Mmm. | 0:08:08 | 0:08:10 | |
Definitely was. Yeah. | 0:08:11 | 0:08:13 | |
For me it wasn't until the coffins came off the plane | 0:08:30 | 0:08:33 | |
that I really believed what had happened. | 0:08:33 | 0:08:36 | |
And then you think, well, yeah, actually, this is all real. | 0:08:36 | 0:08:39 | |
It is all happening. | 0:08:39 | 0:08:41 | |
You could almost touch the end of the tour. You knew how close he was. | 0:08:50 | 0:08:54 | |
He was going to be moving into my flat. | 0:08:56 | 0:08:58 | |
He'd had a shelf cleared in the cupboard and, you know, | 0:08:58 | 0:09:02 | |
there was a shelf in the fridge cleared for him, | 0:09:02 | 0:09:04 | |
all that kind of stuff. | 0:09:04 | 0:09:06 | |
It did make it... | 0:09:09 | 0:09:11 | |
all the more kind of unfair and cruel | 0:09:11 | 0:09:14 | |
that he was so close to the end. | 0:09:14 | 0:09:16 | |
I said to Mum and Dad that on his desk, | 0:09:26 | 0:09:29 | |
he'd just left, basically, letters to all of us | 0:09:29 | 0:09:33 | |
with a Bible on top, | 0:09:33 | 0:09:36 | |
and then his Iraq tour medal on top of that, | 0:09:36 | 0:09:38 | |
because he knew that that would be needed for the funeral. | 0:09:38 | 0:09:41 | |
To me, he said, "Live life for the both of us." | 0:09:49 | 0:09:52 | |
It doesn't make it any easier, but it is comforting. | 0:09:54 | 0:09:57 | |
I think things would have been more difficult without that. | 0:09:57 | 0:10:02 | |
John's personal possessions were collected together in Afghanistan | 0:10:02 | 0:10:06 | |
and returned to his family. | 0:10:06 | 0:10:08 | |
Amongst them was his diary. | 0:10:08 | 0:10:11 | |
He'd written it just as he talked. | 0:10:17 | 0:10:20 | |
It's very much as if he's in the room with you. | 0:10:20 | 0:10:23 | |
I can hear his voice, pretty much. | 0:10:23 | 0:10:25 | |
John's family set up a Young Achievers Foundation in his name. | 0:10:28 | 0:10:32 | |
And they decided to publish his diary | 0:10:32 | 0:10:35 | |
as a precious record of his service. | 0:10:35 | 0:10:37 | |
We discussed as a family | 0:10:37 | 0:10:40 | |
that we wanted to see John's words in print. | 0:10:40 | 0:10:42 | |
It was really important for us to do that. Er... | 0:10:42 | 0:10:47 | |
And so I started typing it up then, so that was when I read it, | 0:10:47 | 0:10:50 | |
as I typed it up. And it was very difficult. | 0:10:50 | 0:10:53 | |
I admired you for typing it up, I must admit. | 0:10:55 | 0:10:58 | |
I don't think I could have done that. I couldn't have let anyone else | 0:10:58 | 0:11:01 | |
type it up. It had got to be me. Yeah. | 0:11:01 | 0:11:03 | |
For me, it was quite a comfort as well to read his diary, | 0:11:05 | 0:11:09 | |
because I just got that sense of his enjoyment | 0:11:09 | 0:11:13 | |
and passion for his job. | 0:11:13 | 0:11:15 | |
John's older brother Ian is himself a serving soldier. | 0:11:23 | 0:11:28 | |
I wanted to do it for myself, but at the same time, obviously, | 0:11:28 | 0:11:31 | |
I did feel like I was to an extent following in his footsteps | 0:11:31 | 0:11:35 | |
and carrying on the work that he'd done, which was quite nice. | 0:11:35 | 0:11:38 | |
On Remembrance Day 2011, | 0:11:38 | 0:11:41 | |
Ian paid his respects to the brother he lost so early in life. | 0:11:41 | 0:11:47 | |
For me to be in Afghanistan on Remembrance Day, | 0:11:47 | 0:11:49 | |
obviously the place where John died, it was quite an emotional day. | 0:11:49 | 0:11:52 | |
You're not just paying respect | 0:11:54 | 0:11:55 | |
to everyone that's made the ultimate sacrifice before. | 0:11:55 | 0:11:58 | |
When it's your brother who's given his life out there as well, | 0:12:00 | 0:12:03 | |
it feels very much more, you know, a personal event. | 0:12:03 | 0:12:08 | |
Remembrance Day still is a very difficult time. | 0:12:25 | 0:12:28 | |
That said, in some ways, | 0:12:36 | 0:12:39 | |
it's a comfort to know that the nation remembers. | 0:12:39 | 0:12:43 | |
During World War II, over 850,000 British Empire servicemen | 0:13:07 | 0:13:11 | |
were deployed to Burma. | 0:13:11 | 0:13:13 | |
It was Britain's longest campaign of the war. | 0:13:13 | 0:13:16 | |
And for one airman, it was the location | 0:13:16 | 0:13:18 | |
of an extraordinary story of survival. | 0:13:18 | 0:13:21 | |
Two years after World War II began, | 0:13:24 | 0:13:26 | |
22-year-old Ray Jackson joined the RAF. | 0:13:26 | 0:13:31 | |
When I decided to become a pilot, | 0:13:31 | 0:13:33 | |
my parents were not very happy initially, particularly my mother. | 0:13:33 | 0:13:36 | |
Words of advice from my father, he shook my hand solemnly | 0:13:36 | 0:13:39 | |
and said, "Watch it, son." | 0:13:39 | 0:13:40 | |
In 34 Squadron, | 0:13:40 | 0:13:42 | |
Ray thought he'd be flying over the skies of Europe. | 0:13:42 | 0:13:45 | |
Having trained in South Africa, | 0:13:45 | 0:13:47 | |
we thought we were coming back to fly in the UK. | 0:13:47 | 0:13:49 | |
Out of the blue, we were being posted off to Burma. | 0:13:49 | 0:13:53 | |
In 1943, Ray joined the Burma campaign, | 0:13:55 | 0:13:58 | |
which started two years earlier | 0:13:58 | 0:14:00 | |
when Japan had invaded the British colony. | 0:14:00 | 0:14:03 | |
There was a bunch of about 20 pilots and everybody's name read out | 0:14:03 | 0:14:06 | |
and told where they were going. | 0:14:06 | 0:14:08 | |
They got down to the last three, | 0:14:08 | 0:14:10 | |
which was Burgess, Tibbetts and Jackson, | 0:14:10 | 0:14:12 | |
"You'll be delighted to know you're going to be posted | 0:14:12 | 0:14:14 | |
"to the airfield nearest the Japanese." | 0:14:14 | 0:14:17 | |
So I tried very hard to look macho and "let me get at 'em" | 0:14:17 | 0:14:19 | |
and thought "Just my bloody luck," you know. | 0:14:19 | 0:14:22 | |
Flying a single-seater aircraft, the Hurricane bomber, | 0:14:24 | 0:14:28 | |
Ray would support ground troops in Burma. | 0:14:28 | 0:14:31 | |
They were fighter bombers, they could carry two 250-pound bombs | 0:14:32 | 0:14:35 | |
and they had four cannons as well. | 0:14:35 | 0:14:38 | |
So they could do a pretty devastating job. | 0:14:38 | 0:14:41 | |
And we worked with the Army. | 0:14:41 | 0:14:42 | |
The Army would ring up and say | 0:14:42 | 0:14:44 | |
they would like a certain point on the map pinpointed, bombed. | 0:14:44 | 0:14:48 | |
After four successful missions, | 0:14:48 | 0:14:51 | |
Ray was given the orders for his fateful fifth mission. | 0:14:51 | 0:14:55 | |
We were doing a north-to-south run on quite a big village. | 0:14:55 | 0:15:00 | |
It was thought that the Japanese had a lot of stores in there | 0:15:00 | 0:15:02 | |
and that there were a lot of them there. | 0:15:02 | 0:15:04 | |
We'd just dropped our bombs | 0:15:07 | 0:15:09 | |
and suddenly there's an almighty bang on my port wing. | 0:15:09 | 0:15:12 | |
The engine was catching fire | 0:15:12 | 0:15:14 | |
and I could see the engine oil just flying out. | 0:15:14 | 0:15:17 | |
So there's no way you could possibly force-land an aircraft. | 0:15:17 | 0:15:20 | |
So I realised I'd have to bail out. | 0:15:20 | 0:15:22 | |
The nose dipped a little bit and as I fell out I banged my head. | 0:15:22 | 0:15:25 | |
I had my hand on the parachute cord, | 0:15:27 | 0:15:29 | |
but I don't remember pulling the ripcord at all. | 0:15:29 | 0:15:31 | |
But I remember sort of coming to and everything was blue. | 0:15:31 | 0:15:35 | |
And I thought I was dead and in heaven. | 0:15:36 | 0:15:38 | |
I looked up and saw the parachute and realised I wasn't in heaven at all, | 0:15:38 | 0:15:41 | |
there was a parachute there, | 0:15:41 | 0:15:43 | |
somehow it had opened and I was underneath it. | 0:15:43 | 0:15:45 | |
He'd survived the fall, but now he was in an area | 0:15:45 | 0:15:48 | |
occupied by the Japanese in the middle of the Burmese jungle. | 0:15:48 | 0:15:52 | |
There were several fires lit in different places. | 0:15:52 | 0:15:55 | |
The Japanese had fired some of the scrub to try and drive me out. | 0:15:55 | 0:15:58 | |
Desperate to escape, Ray ran deep into the deadly jungle. | 0:16:00 | 0:16:04 | |
A day or two later, I was trying to cross what I'd call a large river | 0:16:04 | 0:16:08 | |
and I lost my footing and was swept away into a big pool. | 0:16:08 | 0:16:12 | |
I'd got a machete, a '38 revolver, wearing boots | 0:16:14 | 0:16:18 | |
and what in effect was like a glorified boiler suit. | 0:16:18 | 0:16:22 | |
So how I managed to swim out of there, I do not know. | 0:16:22 | 0:16:25 | |
Evading the enemy, Ray had now been stranded for days without food. | 0:16:25 | 0:16:31 | |
Alone and worn down, his trek through the dense jungle soon began | 0:16:31 | 0:16:37 | |
to take its toll. | 0:16:37 | 0:16:38 | |
Eight or ten days through, I guess, | 0:16:38 | 0:16:40 | |
I did think very hard about shooting myself. | 0:16:40 | 0:16:44 | |
Mm. | 0:16:44 | 0:16:45 | |
I was feeling so low, I almost couldn't feel anything, I suppose. | 0:16:49 | 0:16:53 | |
I had been thinking very hard about what to do with myself | 0:16:55 | 0:16:58 | |
and I...I had a sort of vision of my mother | 0:16:58 | 0:17:03 | |
and visions of people that I cared for, yes. | 0:17:03 | 0:17:07 | |
Then, after I'd had it, I decided to soldier on. | 0:17:07 | 0:17:10 | |
He was now determined to fight for his life. | 0:17:14 | 0:17:17 | |
Surviving on the little food he found in the jungle, | 0:17:17 | 0:17:20 | |
Ray was desperate for anything he could find to eat. | 0:17:20 | 0:17:23 | |
There was a stream running up the side of a hill | 0:17:24 | 0:17:27 | |
and I saw something that looked like a wizened potato. | 0:17:27 | 0:17:30 | |
And I decided to have a bite at it. | 0:17:30 | 0:17:33 | |
And almost instantly my lips swelled out | 0:17:33 | 0:17:35 | |
and I looked a horrible sight and felt dreadful. | 0:17:35 | 0:17:38 | |
I thought I was a goner. | 0:17:38 | 0:17:39 | |
I lay down by the side of the stream and I suddenly heard a scream. | 0:17:39 | 0:17:44 | |
I saw a lady there looking at me and she ran off back down the hill. | 0:17:45 | 0:17:48 | |
He'd been spotted by the Naga, a people indigenous to the area. | 0:17:51 | 0:17:55 | |
His luck had finally changed, and he was taken back to their village. | 0:17:55 | 0:18:00 | |
I was given a mirror by one of the small boys there | 0:18:03 | 0:18:07 | |
and I looked almost like Robinson Crusoe. | 0:18:07 | 0:18:10 | |
I had a great big black beard and then a big fat sort of ugly lip | 0:18:10 | 0:18:14 | |
and I looked a real villain. | 0:18:14 | 0:18:16 | |
I wouldn't have trusted myself one iota! | 0:18:16 | 0:18:20 | |
Ray was nursed back to health, | 0:18:20 | 0:18:22 | |
and in the week that followed, the Naga took him closer to safety, | 0:18:22 | 0:18:26 | |
each village giving him a warm welcome. | 0:18:26 | 0:18:29 | |
After three weeks in the jungle, | 0:18:31 | 0:18:33 | |
his fighting spirit was finally rewarded. | 0:18:33 | 0:18:36 | |
Late one evening, a Naga came in with a note. | 0:18:36 | 0:18:40 | |
There was a secret army called Force 136 that operated behind the lines. | 0:18:40 | 0:18:45 | |
The note read, "We know you are in the area, Jackson, we are sending | 0:18:45 | 0:18:49 | |
"a patrol to pick you up and here is some grub for the time being." | 0:18:49 | 0:18:52 | |
With the help of local agents, | 0:18:54 | 0:18:56 | |
Force 136 carried out secret operations. | 0:18:56 | 0:18:59 | |
Nearly a month after his crash, Ray was reunited with his squadron. | 0:19:02 | 0:19:07 | |
He sent a message home. | 0:19:07 | 0:19:09 | |
"Bailed out over Burma. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:12 | |
"Took three weeks walking out. | 0:19:12 | 0:19:14 | |
"Miraculous escape, safe and well, writing, love, Ray." | 0:19:14 | 0:19:20 | |
Ever since his ordeal, | 0:19:23 | 0:19:25 | |
Ray and others had wanted to repay the kindness of the Naga people, | 0:19:25 | 0:19:29 | |
who'd helped them during the war. | 0:19:29 | 0:19:31 | |
We decided to set up a trust. | 0:19:31 | 0:19:34 | |
What they are trying to do is to try and see, | 0:19:34 | 0:19:37 | |
ensure, that some goodness has actually come out of a war. | 0:19:37 | 0:19:42 | |
I wasn't a wealthy man, but I was lucky, | 0:19:43 | 0:19:46 | |
I came into an inheritance about the time. | 0:19:46 | 0:19:48 | |
And of the various suggestions made of what I could do to help the Nagas, | 0:19:48 | 0:19:52 | |
it was to fund a basketball court. | 0:19:52 | 0:19:54 | |
It gives me a lot of pleasure | 0:19:57 | 0:19:59 | |
to think of youngsters enjoying themselves. | 0:19:59 | 0:20:01 | |
Almost 70 years since Ray's near fatal | 0:20:01 | 0:20:03 | |
three weeks in the jungle, | 0:20:03 | 0:20:06 | |
he owes every day to the people who saved him. | 0:20:06 | 0:20:09 | |
I'm quite sure, if they had not found me and helped me, | 0:20:09 | 0:20:14 | |
I would not have lived beyond that time. I would have died. | 0:20:14 | 0:20:19 | |
I'm certain of it. So I owe the Nagas my life. | 0:20:19 | 0:20:22 | |
In 1982, nearly 28,000 British troops headed to the South Atlantic | 0:20:39 | 0:20:45 | |
to reclaim the Falkland Islands following the Argentine invasion. | 0:20:45 | 0:20:49 | |
Amongst them were two men who had the terrifying task | 0:20:49 | 0:20:53 | |
of defusing unexploded bombs dropped by the enemy. | 0:20:53 | 0:20:57 | |
I joined the Army in 1958 as an Army apprentice at the age of 15. | 0:21:00 | 0:21:06 | |
I suppose I had a natural sense of adventure | 0:21:07 | 0:21:10 | |
and it was that that led me to join the Army. | 0:21:10 | 0:21:14 | |
As I got further trained, then I became the bomb disposal officer. | 0:21:14 | 0:21:19 | |
The risks are high in bomb disposal, it's a dangerous job, | 0:21:20 | 0:21:24 | |
let's not beat about the bush. | 0:21:24 | 0:21:26 | |
But my family knew that it was what I was trained to do. | 0:21:26 | 0:21:29 | |
In April 1982, the Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands | 0:21:30 | 0:21:35 | |
led to a bitter conflict. | 0:21:35 | 0:21:37 | |
Royal Engineer John Phillips volunteered to go | 0:21:39 | 0:21:43 | |
with colleague Jim Prescott as a two-man bomb disposal team. | 0:21:43 | 0:21:47 | |
Jim Prescott was a staff sergeant in the same squadron as me. | 0:21:47 | 0:21:51 | |
And it was because of his expertise | 0:21:51 | 0:21:53 | |
that he was selected to be my number two. | 0:21:53 | 0:21:55 | |
I know Jim was very nervous. | 0:21:55 | 0:21:58 | |
A few days after the Argentine invasion, | 0:22:02 | 0:22:05 | |
John and Jim set off for the Falklands. | 0:22:05 | 0:22:08 | |
Neither was expecting the scale of the challenge ahead. | 0:22:09 | 0:22:13 | |
We arrived in the Falklands on Friday 21 May. | 0:22:14 | 0:22:17 | |
A beautiful day, the sun was shining, a clear sky. | 0:22:17 | 0:22:20 | |
In preparation to retake the islands, the Royal Navy's warships | 0:22:20 | 0:22:25 | |
arrived at San Carlos Bay to secure the beachhead. | 0:22:25 | 0:22:29 | |
It was a couple of hours before we actually got attacked. | 0:22:29 | 0:22:33 | |
KLAXON BLARES | 0:22:33 | 0:22:34 | |
Ship's klaxons were sounding | 0:22:34 | 0:22:36 | |
which gave us a 25-minute warning of incoming aircraft. | 0:22:36 | 0:22:39 | |
And then they were upon us. | 0:22:39 | 0:22:41 | |
And it was unreal | 0:22:45 | 0:22:47 | |
because we'd not experienced this level of aggression before. | 0:22:47 | 0:22:50 | |
We really started to realise that we were in the thick of it now. | 0:22:50 | 0:22:54 | |
The Argentine pilots were very brave. | 0:23:03 | 0:23:06 | |
They came in so low that a lot of the bombs | 0:23:06 | 0:23:08 | |
didn't have sufficient arming time in their flight | 0:23:08 | 0:23:11 | |
before they hit the target. | 0:23:11 | 0:23:13 | |
Just one day after arriving, | 0:23:17 | 0:23:19 | |
they were called to their first job. | 0:23:19 | 0:23:21 | |
Their role would later be dramatised in a BBC film. | 0:23:23 | 0:23:27 | |
Faced with a 1,000lb bomb, | 0:23:30 | 0:23:34 | |
they began the terrifying task of deactivating it. | 0:23:34 | 0:23:38 | |
What we try to do in bomb disposal is to separate | 0:23:42 | 0:23:45 | |
the means of firing from the main charge. | 0:23:45 | 0:23:47 | |
Once you've done that, all you've got is a container of explosives, | 0:23:47 | 0:23:51 | |
which is easy to transport. | 0:23:51 | 0:23:53 | |
After two tense hours, John and Jim defused the bomb, | 0:23:57 | 0:24:02 | |
saving the ship and those on board. | 0:24:02 | 0:24:04 | |
The following day, the instruction was, | 0:24:07 | 0:24:09 | |
"You are required at HMS Antelope." | 0:24:09 | 0:24:11 | |
Attacked by Argentine aircraft, the Antelope had been left | 0:24:13 | 0:24:16 | |
badly damaged by two bombs, both of which had failed to detonate. | 0:24:16 | 0:24:20 | |
Exactly the same bomb, exactly the same situation, | 0:24:22 | 0:24:25 | |
only this time I could see that the pistol, | 0:24:25 | 0:24:27 | |
which was the means of firing the bomb at the back, was damaged. | 0:24:27 | 0:24:31 | |
As John and Jim began their task, | 0:24:31 | 0:24:34 | |
the crew were moved to the upper deck for their own safety. | 0:24:34 | 0:24:38 | |
It's a great responsibility. | 0:24:38 | 0:24:40 | |
But if you thought about the outcome of disaster, | 0:24:41 | 0:24:44 | |
then you wouldn't do it. | 0:24:44 | 0:24:46 | |
So you just get on with the job you are trained to do, | 0:24:46 | 0:24:49 | |
which was make that bomb safe. | 0:24:49 | 0:24:50 | |
John and Jim now began working on the bomb. | 0:24:54 | 0:24:58 | |
The damage caused on entering the ship | 0:25:01 | 0:25:04 | |
had made the bomb more difficult to defuse. | 0:25:04 | 0:25:06 | |
After three failed attempts, they tried a different technique. | 0:25:09 | 0:25:13 | |
We attempted to cut the pistol off remotely. | 0:25:13 | 0:25:19 | |
And when we did that, after a short delay, | 0:25:20 | 0:25:24 | |
there was an almighty explosion. | 0:25:24 | 0:25:26 | |
Jim and I was standing next to each other when the bomb exploded. | 0:25:30 | 0:25:33 | |
Next thing I know, I'm flying through the air. | 0:25:33 | 0:25:35 | |
But this was all in slow motion. | 0:25:35 | 0:25:37 | |
When I was flying through the air, | 0:25:37 | 0:25:39 | |
I was drifting down this very long tunnel, | 0:25:39 | 0:25:41 | |
with a very bright light at the end of it. | 0:25:41 | 0:25:43 | |
And there was a silhouette of my father at the end, | 0:25:43 | 0:25:46 | |
who'd died a few years before. | 0:25:46 | 0:25:47 | |
And I honestly thought I was dead. | 0:25:47 | 0:25:49 | |
I thought, well, I was so calm and relaxed, it was quite surreal, | 0:25:49 | 0:25:53 | |
and I thought to myself, "If this is death, it's not so bad." | 0:25:53 | 0:25:56 | |
I wasn't feeling any pain, I was just drifting through the air. | 0:25:56 | 0:26:00 | |
But then, a few seconds later, or milliseconds probably, | 0:26:00 | 0:26:03 | |
I hit the floor, which brought me round, back to reality. | 0:26:03 | 0:26:07 | |
KLAXONS BLARE | 0:26:09 | 0:26:11 | |
The bomb had exploded without any warning, causing total devastation. | 0:26:13 | 0:26:18 | |
My left arm had been damaged. | 0:26:18 | 0:26:21 | |
So I had a good feel round to see if my legs had been broken or anything | 0:26:21 | 0:26:25 | |
and they hadn't, so I stood up. | 0:26:25 | 0:26:27 | |
And then I started looking for Staff Sergeant Jim Prescott. | 0:26:27 | 0:26:31 | |
By now, of course, there was a fierce fire on board ship, | 0:26:31 | 0:26:35 | |
there was smoke everywhere. | 0:26:35 | 0:26:37 | |
I was joined by one of the naval firefighting crew | 0:26:40 | 0:26:44 | |
who told me Jim was dead. | 0:26:44 | 0:26:47 | |
I put my hand on his shoulder and I followed him to the escape hatch. | 0:26:48 | 0:26:52 | |
The captain, quite sensibly, gave the order to abandon ship. | 0:26:52 | 0:26:56 | |
Forced to evacuate, | 0:26:58 | 0:27:00 | |
John and the crew left HMS Antelope to its fate. | 0:27:00 | 0:27:04 | |
I kept asking them to go back and get Jim out because, to me, | 0:27:07 | 0:27:11 | |
get his body out so he could get a decent burial, | 0:27:11 | 0:27:13 | |
but the naval tradition is, they stay on board. | 0:27:13 | 0:27:16 | |
Jim had been the only one killed in the explosion. | 0:27:18 | 0:27:20 | |
John sustained severe injuries, needing treatment straight away. | 0:27:20 | 0:27:26 | |
Next thing I know, I'm being woken up and there was a head | 0:27:26 | 0:27:31 | |
over my left shoulder, into my left ear, | 0:27:31 | 0:27:34 | |
saying, "We've had to take your arm off." | 0:27:34 | 0:27:36 | |
And I just nodded in acceptance. | 0:27:36 | 0:27:38 | |
Nearly a month after the explosion, John was reunited with his family. | 0:27:40 | 0:27:45 | |
But he couldn't forget the family that Jim had left behind. | 0:27:46 | 0:27:50 | |
She'd lost her husband. | 0:27:51 | 0:27:52 | |
Um...carrying out my orders, basically. | 0:27:52 | 0:27:57 | |
You know, I was the boss, Jim was doing what I suggested we do, | 0:27:57 | 0:28:00 | |
although we discussed it. | 0:28:00 | 0:28:01 | |
So there was a lot of guilt feeling there. | 0:28:01 | 0:28:04 | |
Survivor's guilt I think they call it. | 0:28:04 | 0:28:06 | |
When I wrote to his wife, it was very difficult, actually. | 0:28:07 | 0:28:10 | |
Because I had survived, and there I was with my wife, | 0:28:12 | 0:28:15 | |
happy families, and she'd lost her husband. | 0:28:15 | 0:28:17 | |
John will never forget his colleague and friend. | 0:28:20 | 0:28:24 | |
Remembrance Sunday, until 1982, was just a matter of getting in uniform, | 0:28:26 | 0:28:30 | |
polishing your shoes, going on parade | 0:28:30 | 0:28:32 | |
and respecting those in previous wars. | 0:28:32 | 0:28:34 | |
Now it's more personal. Now I remember people. | 0:28:34 | 0:28:37 | |
Every single veteran that walks past the Cenotaph this weekend | 0:28:39 | 0:28:44 | |
has their own memory of war, memories they live with every day. | 0:28:44 | 0:28:48 | |
Our remembrance silence is our tribute to them. | 0:28:49 | 0:28:53 | |
We have troops serving all over the world, not just here in Afghanistan. | 0:28:55 | 0:28:59 | |
The one thing they crave more than anything is a little bit | 0:28:59 | 0:29:02 | |
of normality from home. | 0:29:02 | 0:29:04 | |
So I've come to the place that provides it. | 0:29:04 | 0:29:06 | |
Welcome to the Total Ops Connection. | 0:29:06 | 0:29:08 | |
We're broadcasting all across the Forces' world from | 0:29:08 | 0:29:11 | |
our little fruit container here in Camp Bastion. | 0:29:11 | 0:29:13 | |
Very nice to have your company. | 0:29:13 | 0:29:14 | |
The forecast across Afghanistan, unsurprisingly, very hot today. | 0:29:14 | 0:29:20 | |
Here we are... Richard Hatch is one of the top presenters | 0:29:20 | 0:29:23 | |
on BFBS Radio and he is based in Bastion. | 0:29:23 | 0:29:27 | |
Rich, a pleasure to meet you out here in Afghanistan. | 0:29:27 | 0:29:30 | |
You are responsible | 0:29:30 | 0:29:31 | |
for the morale of our troops. | 0:29:31 | 0:29:33 | |
What kind of things do you do here? | 0:29:33 | 0:29:34 | |
The shows are all about the audience. That is essentially why we are here. | 0:29:34 | 0:29:38 | |
It's all about messages, military stories and a bit of banter. | 0:29:38 | 0:29:42 | |
We're here in Afghanistan, we're in the sun, living their life, | 0:29:42 | 0:29:45 | |
trying to make it fun, trying to make it entertaining. | 0:29:45 | 0:29:47 | |
If you're anywhere in the Forces' world, | 0:29:47 | 0:29:50 | |
you can get in touch on the BAT Phone, | 0:29:50 | 0:29:51 | |
which is the red phone, 6901. | 0:29:51 | 0:29:53 | |
Coming up in the show today, we will be linking up with | 0:29:53 | 0:29:56 | |
Chris Pearson at an airfield on the edge of Salisbury Plain. | 0:29:56 | 0:30:00 | |
It's a dangerous place to be. | 0:30:00 | 0:30:01 | |
Everyone's emotions are heightened more because they are here. | 0:30:01 | 0:30:04 | |
Everyone, personally, | 0:30:04 | 0:30:06 | |
is having their own...tough time | 0:30:06 | 0:30:08 | |
being away from home, doing tough jobs. | 0:30:08 | 0:30:10 | |
The troops may be thousands of miles from the UK, but there are | 0:30:12 | 0:30:16 | |
still shops and cafes selling the kind of stuff we all buy back home. | 0:30:16 | 0:30:20 | |
The places that are always busy are the gyms. | 0:30:20 | 0:30:23 | |
These men and women really do like to work out. | 0:30:23 | 0:30:26 | |
Wing Commander Steve Dharamraj is the man whose job it is to keep | 0:30:28 | 0:30:32 | |
everyone happy in Camp Bastion. | 0:30:32 | 0:30:34 | |
I suppose welfare goes hand-in-hand with morale, which is | 0:30:35 | 0:30:40 | |
one of the most important things out here? Absolutely. | 0:30:40 | 0:30:45 | |
In the military, we call it the moral component of warfare. | 0:30:45 | 0:30:48 | |
If people are of good and high morale, | 0:30:48 | 0:30:50 | |
they'll perform their tasks better. | 0:30:50 | 0:30:52 | |
So all of the welfare, the gymnasiums, the communications, | 0:30:52 | 0:30:56 | |
the shops, all of that, go to contribute to keeping the men | 0:30:56 | 0:30:59 | |
and women focused and happy. | 0:30:59 | 0:31:01 | |
If they are focused and happy, then they perform much, much better, | 0:31:01 | 0:31:04 | |
especially in these austere operational environments | 0:31:04 | 0:31:07 | |
that we are operating in now. | 0:31:07 | 0:31:09 | |
The single most important job of the welfare team is making sure | 0:31:09 | 0:31:13 | |
our troops stay in touch with their loved ones. | 0:31:13 | 0:31:16 | |
Storybook Soldiers and now Storybook Wings is a great idea. | 0:31:16 | 0:31:20 | |
It gives mums and dads the chance to read to their children back home. | 0:31:20 | 0:31:24 | |
RAF Sergeant Steve Baird is recording his story today. | 0:31:24 | 0:31:29 | |
Tell me about your family. | 0:31:29 | 0:31:31 | |
My wife is called Catherine. | 0:31:31 | 0:31:33 | |
She is in the air force as well. | 0:31:33 | 0:31:34 | |
My son's four this year in November. He's called Bradley. | 0:31:36 | 0:31:40 | |
He has grown up an awful lot, even while I've been away. | 0:31:40 | 0:31:42 | |
It is really really hard. | 0:31:44 | 0:31:45 | |
I never realised how hard it would be being away from them both. | 0:31:45 | 0:31:48 | |
Seeing him smile and listening to him learn new words and come out | 0:31:52 | 0:31:55 | |
with sentences and think, "Where did he get that from?" It's just... | 0:31:55 | 0:32:00 | |
his growing-up process. | 0:32:00 | 0:32:01 | |
What book have you decided to read today? | 0:32:01 | 0:32:03 | |
I'm going to be reading something from Roald Dahl today. | 0:32:03 | 0:32:06 | |
It's part of the Revolting Rhymes book. | 0:32:06 | 0:32:08 | |
It's Goldilocks And The Three Bears. | 0:32:08 | 0:32:10 | |
He loves his reading at the moment, which is really good. | 0:32:10 | 0:32:12 | |
Hopefully he can read this story along with it. | 0:32:12 | 0:32:15 | |
Hello, man. It's Daddy. | 0:32:15 | 0:32:17 | |
I'm going to read you a sort of nursery rhyme. | 0:32:17 | 0:32:21 | |
Goldilocks And The Three Bears. | 0:32:21 | 0:32:23 | |
"This famous wicked little tale | 0:32:24 | 0:32:26 | |
"Should never have been put on sale | 0:32:26 | 0:32:29 | |
"It's a mystery to me | 0:32:29 | 0:32:30 | |
"Why loving parents cannot see | 0:32:30 | 0:32:32 | |
"That this is actually a book | 0:32:32 | 0:32:35 | |
"About a brazen little crook | 0:32:35 | 0:32:37 | |
"Had I the chance..." | 0:32:37 | 0:32:39 | |
"..The end." I hope you enjoyed it, my little man | 0:32:43 | 0:32:46 | |
and I'll be home very, very soon. | 0:32:46 | 0:32:48 | |
I love you both. Bye. | 0:32:48 | 0:32:50 | |
Once recorded, the CD is wrapped up and sent home to Mummy and Bradley, | 0:32:50 | 0:32:55 | |
with love from Daddy. | 0:32:55 | 0:32:57 | |
Bradley, look what we've got from Daddy! | 0:32:57 | 0:33:00 | |
"This storybook belongs to Bradley." | 0:33:00 | 0:33:04 | |
Shall we open it up? Yes. It's for me. For you! | 0:33:04 | 0:33:08 | |
'"Goldilocks And The Three Bears. | 0:33:08 | 0:33:11 | |
'"This famous wicked little tale | 0:33:11 | 0:33:13 | |
'"Should never have been put on sale | 0:33:13 | 0:33:15 | |
'"It's a mystery to me | 0:33:15 | 0:33:17 | |
'"Why loving parents cannot see | 0:33:17 | 0:33:19 | |
'"That this is actually a book | 0:33:19 | 0:33:22 | |
'"About a brazen little crook."' | 0:33:22 | 0:33:24 | |
It's lovely to hear Steve's voice on a CD and a nice story for Bradley. | 0:33:24 | 0:33:30 | |
Ah! | 0:33:30 | 0:33:31 | |
SHE LAUGHS | 0:33:31 | 0:33:32 | |
'"The end." I hope you enjoyed it, my little man. | 0:33:32 | 0:33:35 | |
'I'll be home very, very soon. I love you both. Bye.' | 0:33:35 | 0:33:39 | |
In World War II, British nurses went wherever our Armed Forces were. | 0:33:46 | 0:33:51 | |
The phenomenal skill, composure and courage | 0:33:51 | 0:33:54 | |
of these great women should never be forgotten. | 0:33:54 | 0:33:57 | |
NEWSREEL: 'In every battle area are the hospitals. | 0:33:57 | 0:34:00 | |
'Here, with a quiet and steady devotion, the Army's nurses, | 0:34:00 | 0:34:04 | |
'sisters of Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service, | 0:34:04 | 0:34:08 | |
'they are to be found performing their duties of mercy. | 0:34:08 | 0:34:11 | |
'Their foundress, Florence Nightingale.' | 0:34:12 | 0:34:14 | |
I always wanted to be a nurse because it's caring for people. | 0:34:17 | 0:34:21 | |
We were brought up being taught about Florence Nightingale | 0:34:21 | 0:34:24 | |
and all those stories! | 0:34:24 | 0:34:26 | |
Now 100 years old, | 0:34:28 | 0:34:30 | |
Mada Clare remembers her days as a nurse in the Second World War. | 0:34:30 | 0:34:34 | |
Matron called the senior staff and said war was imminent | 0:34:34 | 0:34:38 | |
and she'd been asked to send four of her staff as volunteers | 0:34:38 | 0:34:44 | |
to join the Queen Alexandra's Nursing Service. | 0:34:44 | 0:34:46 | |
I didn't give it a second thought. I just volunteered. | 0:34:46 | 0:34:51 | |
And I had no idea what it meant at the time. | 0:34:51 | 0:34:54 | |
Mada was 25 when she volunteered. | 0:34:57 | 0:35:00 | |
The women of Queen Alexandra's Nursing Service | 0:35:00 | 0:35:03 | |
risked their lives, providing medical support to our troops. | 0:35:03 | 0:35:07 | |
My parents were rather, well, shocked. I was so worried. | 0:35:09 | 0:35:13 | |
They said, "What have you done?" "I've joined the Army. | 0:35:13 | 0:35:16 | |
"They are wanting volunteers." And that was it. | 0:35:16 | 0:35:19 | |
The very next day, war was declared. | 0:35:21 | 0:35:24 | |
EXPLOSION | 0:35:24 | 0:35:26 | |
Mada left civilian nursing, | 0:35:29 | 0:35:32 | |
travelling to what she thought would be her new hospital. | 0:35:32 | 0:35:35 | |
We were to report to a military hospital | 0:35:35 | 0:35:39 | |
but when we got to Preston, in the North, | 0:35:39 | 0:35:42 | |
we found it was not a hospital. | 0:35:42 | 0:35:44 | |
We were given a list of camping equipment. | 0:35:45 | 0:35:48 | |
We were issued with a tin hat and we were each given three army blankets. | 0:35:48 | 0:35:56 | |
And we realised then that we were not staying in England. | 0:35:56 | 0:35:59 | |
It was time to face the reality of war. | 0:36:02 | 0:36:05 | |
In the opening months of the conflict, Mada was among | 0:36:09 | 0:36:11 | |
more than 1,000 nurses sent to France to treat our troops. | 0:36:11 | 0:36:15 | |
Very challenging, it was so different from civilian nursing. | 0:36:18 | 0:36:22 | |
The conditions, everything. | 0:36:22 | 0:36:24 | |
We would arrive and there would be a reception tent where | 0:36:24 | 0:36:30 | |
the very sick people were brought in straight from the battlefield. | 0:36:30 | 0:36:35 | |
There were some very stressful cases. | 0:36:35 | 0:36:39 | |
Very horrific, really. | 0:36:39 | 0:36:41 | |
Mada followed the troops from Dunkirk to the deserts of Egypt. | 0:36:44 | 0:36:48 | |
She assisted in operations | 0:36:49 | 0:36:51 | |
and treated casualties from the front line. | 0:36:51 | 0:36:53 | |
As the fighting went on, we followed. | 0:36:55 | 0:36:58 | |
We were on the road in a mobile unit following the troops. | 0:36:58 | 0:37:02 | |
After five years in the midst of war, | 0:37:06 | 0:37:09 | |
Mada was about to take on her biggest challenge. | 0:37:09 | 0:37:12 | |
NEWSREEL: 'The naval bombardment opened up. | 0:37:13 | 0:37:16 | |
'It was like a convulsion of nature.' | 0:37:16 | 0:37:18 | |
Treating the casualties of the Normandy invasion. | 0:37:19 | 0:37:22 | |
D-Day was the largest sea and land invasion in history. | 0:37:25 | 0:37:29 | |
Over 156,000 Allies landed in Normandy to fight the Nazis. | 0:37:29 | 0:37:35 | |
It was the first time I'd experienced anything, | 0:37:35 | 0:37:40 | |
shall I say warlike? | 0:37:40 | 0:37:41 | |
One really felt, you know, we were in the midst of it. | 0:37:43 | 0:37:46 | |
NEWSREEL: 'Casualties in the first hour were heavy.' | 0:37:47 | 0:37:50 | |
Medical teams faced their own battle - | 0:37:50 | 0:37:53 | |
treating and keeping alive thousands of casualties | 0:37:53 | 0:37:56 | |
in the weeks that followed. | 0:37:56 | 0:37:58 | |
It was rather, I say, frightening. | 0:38:00 | 0:38:03 | |
We had to do emergencies before they could get | 0:38:03 | 0:38:06 | |
even the camp big lamps up. | 0:38:06 | 0:38:08 | |
I remember the first time there were four people needing amputations. | 0:38:08 | 0:38:14 | |
We had to do a very quick emergency. | 0:38:14 | 0:38:19 | |
Despite witnessing the trauma of war, | 0:38:21 | 0:38:24 | |
nothing had prepared her for what was to come. | 0:38:24 | 0:38:27 | |
We moved on right through France, Belgium, Holland, | 0:38:29 | 0:38:33 | |
all the way through. | 0:38:33 | 0:38:34 | |
Nursing the troops as they advanced through Europe, | 0:38:35 | 0:38:39 | |
Mada arrived in what seemed like a typical town in northern Germany. | 0:38:39 | 0:38:43 | |
We went into Zell. | 0:38:43 | 0:38:45 | |
We took over a hospital, which had been run by the nuns. | 0:38:45 | 0:38:49 | |
And that's when Belsen was discovered. | 0:38:49 | 0:38:51 | |
On 15th April 1945, | 0:38:53 | 0:38:57 | |
British forces liberated survivors of Belsen concentration camp. | 0:38:57 | 0:39:01 | |
Set up by the Nazis, the camp was used in their systematic | 0:39:04 | 0:39:08 | |
campaign of persecution and genocide. | 0:39:08 | 0:39:12 | |
As the British walked through the gates, | 0:39:12 | 0:39:14 | |
the horrors inside were fully exposed. | 0:39:14 | 0:39:18 | |
Some of our medical officers had gone to Belsen | 0:39:18 | 0:39:22 | |
and they were in tears. We wondered what had happened. | 0:39:22 | 0:39:27 | |
They said, well, something dreadful had been discovered | 0:39:27 | 0:39:31 | |
and they couldn't tell us. | 0:39:31 | 0:39:32 | |
The things in this camp are beyond describing. | 0:39:32 | 0:39:36 | |
When you actually see them for yourself, | 0:39:36 | 0:39:38 | |
you know what you are fighting for here. | 0:39:38 | 0:39:40 | |
The first pictures of Belsen were developed in our X-ray department | 0:39:40 | 0:39:44 | |
and that was the biggest shock of all, I think. | 0:39:44 | 0:39:48 | |
This morning, we buried over 5,000 bodies. We don't know who they are. | 0:39:55 | 0:39:58 | |
Behind me you can see a pit, which will contain another 5,000. | 0:39:59 | 0:40:03 | |
No-one could envisage | 0:40:05 | 0:40:06 | |
that human beings could be treated in such a way. | 0:40:06 | 0:40:10 | |
It was heartbreaking, heartbreaking. | 0:40:11 | 0:40:14 | |
They were not war casualties, it was just human beings just... | 0:40:21 | 0:40:28 | |
Around 50,000 survivors were found in Belsen. | 0:40:30 | 0:40:34 | |
More than 13,000 later died, | 0:40:34 | 0:40:37 | |
too weak to recover from this systematic abuse. | 0:40:37 | 0:40:40 | |
Along with the medical teams, Mada faced an overwhelming task. | 0:40:44 | 0:40:49 | |
I was in charge of a hut about over 20. | 0:40:49 | 0:40:53 | |
We were assembled and said that we were going to nurse them, | 0:40:54 | 0:40:58 | |
had to nurse them. | 0:40:58 | 0:40:59 | |
They said the average weight would be five stone. | 0:40:59 | 0:41:03 | |
They'd been starved and we were having to feed them | 0:41:04 | 0:41:08 | |
on pre-digested food. | 0:41:08 | 0:41:10 | |
You just had to try and feed them | 0:41:10 | 0:41:12 | |
a little at a time just to keep them alive. | 0:41:12 | 0:41:15 | |
I don't think anyone in the medical profession encountered | 0:41:16 | 0:41:20 | |
anything like it. | 0:41:20 | 0:41:22 | |
I think it was the most terrifying situation I'd ever been in, | 0:41:23 | 0:41:29 | |
in my nursing. | 0:41:29 | 0:41:30 | |
Survivors of Belsen were nursed back to health | 0:41:34 | 0:41:37 | |
with thanks to the devotion of nurses like Mada | 0:41:37 | 0:41:40 | |
I think you felt privileged to think that we were there to help them. | 0:41:42 | 0:41:46 | |
They were so grateful, they would be shouting, "English sister, | 0:41:48 | 0:41:52 | |
"so pleased to see an English sister. English sister." Yes. | 0:41:52 | 0:41:57 | |
The sights of war have stayed with Mada throughout her long life. | 0:42:01 | 0:42:05 | |
But with remembrance also comes the chance to reflect on the good | 0:42:06 | 0:42:10 | |
amongst all those who served. | 0:42:10 | 0:42:12 | |
To see that procession of the veterans marching, | 0:42:13 | 0:42:17 | |
it really is very touching. | 0:42:17 | 0:42:20 | |
The elderly people in that procession, it just sort of | 0:42:21 | 0:42:27 | |
reflects what it was like in wartime, the comradeship, you know. | 0:42:27 | 0:42:30 | |
It's still there. They are all together. | 0:42:30 | 0:42:33 | |
BIRDSONG | 0:42:41 | 0:42:43 | |
On tomorrow's programme... | 0:42:45 | 0:42:48 | |
In World War II, | 0:42:48 | 0:42:50 | |
gunners in Bomber Command knew every day could be their last. | 0:42:50 | 0:42:53 | |
One man beat the odds to tell his tale. | 0:42:53 | 0:42:56 | |
I got the name of being lucky, a bit of a lucky character to fly with. | 0:42:56 | 0:43:01 | |
AIRCRAFT DRONES | 0:43:05 | 0:43:07 | |
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd | 0:43:32 | 0:43:35 |