Episode 3 Snowdonia 1890


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Transcript


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'In Spring 2010, two families volunteered to go back in time.'

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'Bye, 'Bye.

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'The Joneses from Denbigh, North Wales

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'and the Braddocks from Abergavenny, South Wales.

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'Their destination, 19th century Snowdonia

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'and a unique way of life.'

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Get them all together.

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It's getting a bit stressful now.

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If they come asking for the rent, we're finished.

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How do you move a cow?

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'For one month, they'll face a battle for survival

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'that combined both farm and quarry.'

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You will not talk of unions here.

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'A Welsh way of life long since abandoned.

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We do not speak Welsh in school.

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I'm too scared to eat just in case we haven't got anything left.

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Give me respect, you'll get it back.

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It is the hardest thing I've done in all my life.

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'Coming up, temper flare at a football match.'

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Concentrate or you won't play properly.

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'Tommy takes centre stage.'

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I was nervous. I was extremely nervous.

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Because I've done really bad and I've let him down.

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'And there's trouble brewing at the quarry.'

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There's the door, you can go now and you've lost everything.

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'It's the families' second week

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'of living on their 19th century Snowdonian smallholding.

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'And they're still struggling with their new lives.

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Oh! Bloody hell!

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Just got to watch your feet.

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It's nice having animals. It's not as nice having to look after them!

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-Keep going.

-It's alright for you.

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I'll show who's boss!

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Sh!

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'With food running out, rent due,

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'and no pay until the end of the month,

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'the families need to get their hands on some cash.'

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I've never put chicken in a sack before.

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-Lay his head out.

-He's got to go.

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'David has hit on a money making scheme.'

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'I've agreed to sell two chickens to the quarry steward.

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I'll supply a chicken and he'll supply one

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and we'll split the money.

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We're supposed to get a shilling for two, six pence each.

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Bring a chicken to work day! A new theme in the quarry.

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'Smallholders were known for their self-reliance

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'and made money whenever and however they could.'

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Between the two families, I counted two cows, ten chickens.

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-We can't sell all our livestock, though.

-No. We need it all, though.

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ALL: Morning. Bore da.

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'At the quarry, Mr Humphries, the steward, is waiting.

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Morning. How are you? Nice and early, lads. Very good.

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-Are these the chickens, David?

-Yes.

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Let's have a quick look, before I pass any money to you.

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CLUCKING

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Good producer of eggs, that bird. Very good.

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-Brown eggs?

-Yes. Lovely.

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That's a shilling.

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Diolch yn fawr iawn. Thank you very much.

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'With twelve pennies to the shilling,

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'each family is now sixpence richer.

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'And the Braddocks are about to acquire an additional wage.'

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Did you ask your parents, Tommy, about the possibility

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-of your becoming a pupil teacher?

-They would be happy for me to.

-Good.

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Now your moment has arrived.

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Will you come forward, please, with the geography book?

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'In 1890, childhood ended early for the working classes.

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'At 13, children left school in pursuit of a wage,

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'or, like Tommy, remained as pupil teachers.'

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-Questions, now.

-OK.

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How long is the English border in length? Jac.

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-355 miles?

-No. I've got 3,000 miles.

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I might be wrong.

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Are you sure that is the question you should be asking?

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-Erm, is it the English-

-So the question is not the border,

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-but the English?

-Coastline.

-Coastline.

-Sorry, guys.

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Change the question.

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'Tommy's weekly wage will be a much needed bonus for the Braddocks,

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'if he can hold his nerve.'

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I was nervous. Yeah. I was extremely nervous.

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Erm, I was shaking, actually.

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But, erm...I felt pleased to sit in Sir's chair.

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'At the smallholding, Alisa Braddock is doing her best

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to feed her family.

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The last time I remember I cooked anything was in school at 13.

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The children aren't starving. Which is good.

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I'm attempting to put food on the table, so...

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I think I'm doing OK.

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Could be better. I think it's easier if you're born into this living.

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It's a good job we've got a vegetable patch.

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'Despite a busy household schedule, Alisa still finds time

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for her basic beauty routine.'

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I have this fantastic thing that I've found.

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This here is...it started off as milk

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that we milked from the cow, from Ruth, our cow.

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The milk sits for a day, then you take the cream off for butter.

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Then you milk more, take more cream off the top.

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Milk more, take more cream off the top.

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Then you're left with this beautiful cream

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which we're supposed to make butter with, which is fine,

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but I'm going to keep some back.

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Because if you look, it's got this beautiful consistency

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and it is amazing as moisturiser.

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And it doesn't smell, it's just absolutely lovely.

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It is so...

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You know, it's got that right sort of...

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Oh, just amazing texture. Better than moisturiser.

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So...

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That's my tip of the day, alright? Keep it to yourselves.

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'Catrin Jones is checking on the livestock.'

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Hello.

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I think I'm getting most attached to the animals at the minute.

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I don't know if it's because I'm here all day with them

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and I am finding myself speaking to them and feeling ridiculous.

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'Each family has been given a flock

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'of six heavily pregnant Welsh mountain sheep.'

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'As inexperienced shepherds, lambing is an anxious time for the families.

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The women used to lamb in 1890, because their hands were smaller

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than men. Men have obviously got bigger hands.

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So if you need to start pulling a head or the front legs out,

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it's a lot easier if you've got smaller hands.

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She's struggling, there, isn't she?

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Yeah, I think she's very near.

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I don't think I'll get much sleep. We'll work out a rota tonight,

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between us, so somebody's watching them.

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'At the quarry, the men are making a last-ditch attempt

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'to re-negotiate the pay terms of their contract, the bargen,

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'with Mr Humphries.'

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We've been offered 35 shillings.

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-Where?

-We're not saying.

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We're not prepared to say, but we've been offered 35 shillings.

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That shows you how much experience you've got as quarrymen.

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The bargen has been set every month.

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You won't get into a quarry here until the end of the month.

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Would you like to go out now and get work?

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You will not get it. All the bargens have been set for this month.

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We can start next week on a bargen of 35 shillings.

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Our position is that we want to have this bargen

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reviewed at the end of this week.

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If you walk out, you walk out with nothing.

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Many men are looking for work outside this valley.

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Maybe you can tell Mr Cornwallis-West what I've told you.

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I will tell him. If you threaten Mr Cornwallis-West...

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He's your landlord, for God's sake.

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I'm not threatening him, I'm telling you what we've been offered.

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I have a wife and two children at home,

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and if I can earn better money elsewhere,

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then it's only natural.

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The way you've been working in this quarry,

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you'll be very hard-pressed to get work anywhere.

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There's the door. You can go now and you've lost everything.

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'There's no negotiating with the Steward.

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'The men return to work.'

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He told us we won't be able to find work elsewhere.

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He'll put he mockers on that, basically.

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Stop us working elsewhere.

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So I don't know what we're going to do.

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'At the schoolhouse, the children are preparing for a geography test.'

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Let us recap on what we have already read.

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Let's see...Leah.

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Do you remember what latitude means? Leah?

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-Is it when you're an island?

-No.

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I told you this last week. You should remember.

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It is important that we memorise these things.

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That is what our minds are for.

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The only way we can remember them is by repeating them,

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again and again and again.

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Practice makes, all together... ALL: Perfect.

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'In 1890, teaching was focused on learning by rote.

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'For nine-year-old Leah Braddock, it's a struggle.'

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Tomorrow you will be tested, and of course, Tommy,

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-I hope you will be assisting.

-Yes, Sir.

-Good.

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It will be effecting the amount of payment you get as pupil teacher.

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I'm going to do my hardest in the test for Tommy,

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because he really wants the money for the family.

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It's important that they do pass the test for their education,

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so yes, I am going to push them.

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'For the women, too, these are testing times.'

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Alisa!

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Come and have a look at the lamb! We've got a new lamb!

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Look, it's getting onto its feet.

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-Where? Well!

-Minutes old!

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She must've done that this afternoon.

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I think mum looks quite happy, there. She's quite calm.

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All the other sheep have left them alone.

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Aw! So cute!

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-It's one of ours, is it? It's a Braddock sheep.

-Yes.

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'Each family has marked their sheep with a distinctive pitch stain,

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'so they can identify them from a distance.'

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-They're so cute.

-It's quite a good size, isn't it?

-Yeah.

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She's trying to feed, I think.

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Oh yeah, she's feeding.

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'This first lamb has birthed quickly and safely.'

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I want to cuddle one. Well done!

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Yes!

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'Equally as valuable to the families are their pigs.

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'Alisa and Catrin have summoned the butcher.'

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I was thinking, did you want to sell the pigs?

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-Erm, I don't think we'll mind one going.

-Just the one, please.

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Do you want any meat back?

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That would be great.

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We are struggling, really, to feed these men.

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Two pound five shillings and you keep the best parts.

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-Erm, OK then.

-Brilliant, yeah.

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-Quite happy.

-Quite happy with that.

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-Two pounds and five shillings, then. We'd better...

-We've struck a deal.

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Sold. Thank you very much. Thank you.

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One pound two and six, there, for you.

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One pound two and six, there, for you, as well.

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Nice doing business with you.

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-Quite happy with that. I like pork. Like a bit of pork.

-Yes.

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SQUEAL

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Nice apple sauce, now, I'm thinking.

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-Sausages would be nice.

-Yes, and some stuffing will.

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'Not only could pigs be sold to raise money,

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'or used to pay rent in kind,

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'but an animal could feed a family for a year, if preserved.'

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Oh no! My washing! I'm going to die if he knocks that over!

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'Having failed to increase their pay,

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'the men face a damp walk home from the quarry.

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It's going to be a struggle, now. Another two weeks with what?

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-Couple of pennies.

-Yeah.

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'As they near the smallholding, local poacher, Llywarch Jones,

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makes an unexpected appearance.

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-Hi, lads.

-Hello.

-Busy day?

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-Yes. How are you?

-Hardworking?

-Yes.

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How about going for some rabbit?

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-Yeah, that'd be great. Yeah.

-With some ferrets.

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And hopefully you'll have a rabbit for tomorrow in the pot.

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ALL: Yeah.

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'With food supplies dwindling, Llywarch's offer is a welcome one.'

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The main thing is to close up every hole with a net.

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You open that over a hole, when the rabbit bolts out

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it'll close up on him like a purse.

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'The search for rabbits has led the men onto a neighbour's land.'

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I'll hopefully have food tomorrow for them. If not, they'll be starving.

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'Legally, any rabbits they trap belong to the landowner.

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'If caught, they could face a stiff fine for poaching.

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'The prospect of free meat is too tempting.'

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We don't have much food at the moment.

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It'd be nice to get a couple of rabbits.

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Maybe a couple each.

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It'd be handy for a stew.

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SHOUT

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-It's the idiot's guide to rabbiting.

-It pricks your head, doesn't it.

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-I think they might know we're coming!

-Do you reckon?

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OK, lads. He's going in now. Be quiet, OK?

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At the moment we've found no rabbits and I'm a bit bored.

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I can see me and Jamie throwing stones in about two minutes' time.

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'The heavy-footed novices have a lot to learn.

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We're not going to catch anything, are we?

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Call it a day.

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I think we was noisy on the approach, putting nets down.

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We was stomping about and shouting back and fore and things.

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I think they decided to stay in their holes

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and didn't want to make for freedom because they knew we was outside.

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It didn't go to plan.

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'But it's not been a completely wasted trip.

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LAUGHTER

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-That's fantastic.

-'Llywarch's home brew is a welcome lift.'

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There'll be singing at home tonight!

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-How do we get hold of some of that?

-Don't ask too many questions!

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Who cares if we signed a pledge, eh? That's medicinal!

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-Look at the ferret sleeping.

-He's had a good workout.

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-Sorry you didn't catch anything, lads.

-Can we come again?

-Anytime.

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'At the smallholding, the women are waiting.

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-Good day? No fines?

-No.

-Good.

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'The new lamb is a welcome sight.'

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-That's lovely, isn't it?

-That's very new.

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It's only a couple of hours old, isn't it?

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And it's alright? We don't need to bring it in or anything?

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-No, it's fine.

-It's a relief, more than anything.

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-Come and look.

-Jac, we've got a new arrival.

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-When did it lamb?

-Just after lunchtime.

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I'm going to knit it a little scarf.

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'The sale of a pig has remedied the families' short-term money worries,

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'but David Jones is still concerned.'

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My worry is that we have money now, but nothing untoward has happened,

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there's been no demand for rent, I'm sure that must be coming.

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We are struggling in the quarry.

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So we are relying, at the moment, totally on the women.

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We've managed to catch nothing between us, the men.

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No rabbits. So the breadwinners at the moment are the women.

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We're going to work and we're earning nothing.

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I'm surprised Catrin hasn't said to me, "Why are you going?"

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'At the Braddocks, dwindling food supplies

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'have set family tensions rising.'

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We've had a lot of issues with Jamie with the food.

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He thinks he can eat it, but we're trying to tell him it's got to last

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the rest of the week, or that's got to go between six people.

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He had difficulty grasping that.

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'At the Joneses, the provisions of meat and bread given to the family

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'on arrival are long gone.

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'They settle down to a meal of vegetable stew and home-made bread.

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'But Catrin's baking isn't to everyone's liking.'

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The bread. The bread's the worst bread.

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-What's this bread?

-The bread's not good. I know.

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-It's nice when you dunk it in soup.

-Can I spit this out?

-No.

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You've stuffed it all in at once.

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-It's not nice.

-It's like unleavened bread.

-What's that?

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Yeah. It is.

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-The bread tastes like alcohol.

-It's nice.

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Eat it, eat it.

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LAUGHTER

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-It's not that bad.

-The bread is.

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'Next morning...'

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Alright, alright.

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I've got this battle every morning.

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For about an hour.

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How many miles in length is the coastline of England?

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'Today is the children's geography test.

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-Three thousand.

-Three thousand. That's the width, Jac.

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-What's the capital of England.

-London.

-And what's the population?

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-In 1890?

-Four million. The equivalent ofthe whole of Scotland.

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Well done.

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'At the Braddocks, Tommy has overslept.

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Tommy! Come on!

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He's gone back to bed. I don't know. He won't get up.

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Tommy?

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'He's supposed to be helping Leah with her revision.'

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-Right. See you later.

-See you later.

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Tommy. Get up, you lazy sausage.

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-Ta-ta.

-Bye.

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I've got to quickly have breakfast, now,

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and then help Leah revise so it's my fault if she fails, now.

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I've had a lie-in.

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'The men are off to the quarry.

0:22:400:22:43

Is that Jac's cap?

0:22:460:22:49

-It's not mine.

-Does anything fit you?

0:22:490:22:52

-You forgot something.

-Oh yeah. Kiss.

0:22:520:22:56

See you, Jac.

0:22:570:22:59

See you.

0:23:000:23:02

Can we go now, then?

0:23:040:23:06

'Today's their last day before an enforced four day Easter break,

0:23:070:23:10

'and they're concerned about meeting their slate production target.'

0:23:100:23:14

-How many slates have we made so far?

-We haven't counted yet.

0:23:140:23:20

-About fifteen hundred, I reckon.

-Is it?

0:23:220:23:25

It's the sizes, then. They price the sizes.

0:23:270:23:30

-So we're not too bad.

-Nah.

0:23:300:23:33

'They need to produce 3,000 top-quality slates

0:23:330:23:38

'in order to get paid their 30 shillings at the end of the month.

0:23:380:23:43

'At the quarry, there's an unwelcome surprise.'

0:23:480:23:52

We had a pile of 20 x 10s there yesterday.

0:23:520:23:56

About fifty. They're not there today.

0:23:570:24:00

-We'll ask Mr Humphries.

-There's a gap where we left them.

0:24:000:24:04

It's disappeared and we've got to make fifty slates to replace them.

0:24:060:24:10

They were good slates, too. They were the best we had.

0:24:110:24:14

'Suspicion falls on the Steward.

0:24:160:24:18

We're a bit concerned, as well, Mr Steward,

0:24:180:24:21

that some slates have gone missing.

0:24:210:24:23

-You're taking slates home with you, then.

-No, we're not.

0:24:230:24:27

-We've lost fifty slates.

-You count them every night?

0:24:270:24:30

That's how we know fifty are missing.

0:24:300:24:33

And...I hope you're not blaming me.

0:24:330:24:36

So it's back to work.

0:24:410:24:43

(Tried my hardest!)

0:24:430:24:45

I do believe that he is taking them and selling them for his benefit.

0:24:480:24:55

But we can't accuse him of that,

0:24:550:24:57

because if we do, we'll lose our jobs.

0:24:570:24:59

'With the men's pay packet under threat,

0:25:040:25:07

Tommy's pupil teacher wage is all the more important.

0:25:070:25:11

Now then. Geography.

0:25:110:25:15

Which is the largest island...

0:25:150:25:18

'How much he earns depends on how well the children do in the test.'

0:25:180:25:23

How long is Great Britain?

0:25:230:25:25

Number three. Where are the mountainous areas of Britain?

0:25:280:25:33

'Leah is struggling.'

0:25:330:25:35

Most of the rivers of Great Britain flow eastwards into which sea?

0:25:360:25:41

Question nineteen.

0:25:450:25:47

How long is the coastline of England?

0:25:490:25:52

Put your blotters over your work to dry the ink.

0:25:560:25:59

I know Leah missed out a lot of questions.

0:26:000:26:03

I would've liked her to just write anything, it's better than nothing.

0:26:040:26:09

I've done really bad and I've let him down.

0:26:090:26:14

'Alisa and Catrin are trying to make butter to sell in the village shop.'

0:26:200:26:24

It's like scrambled egg.

0:26:260:26:29

I've never paddled butter before. Have you, Alisa?

0:26:290:26:33

We'll give one a go, anyway.

0:26:330:26:35

Is that enough for one block?

0:26:350:26:37

-Bit more liquid in that, isn't there? Seems a bit more mushy.

-Gooey.

0:26:370:26:42

-It's getting there.

-It's coming.

0:26:420:26:44

I'm sure it will set.

0:26:460:26:49

Ta-da! Yey! Our first butter!

0:26:510:26:53

'Butter-making was an important source of income for smallholders.

0:26:550:26:59

'Local farmer's wife, Margaret Davies,

0:26:590:27:02

'is on hand to offer advice.'

0:27:020:27:05

We're having problems with the butter, Margaret.

0:27:060:27:09

You've worked hard.

0:27:090:27:11

We thought we'd cracked it.

0:27:110:27:13

It's not butter. I'm sorry. Not one of them's butter.

0:27:200:27:24

-Is it more cream, then?

-Hmm.

0:27:240:27:28

Oh dear, girls. Still use it for cooking, can't you?

0:27:280:27:31

-Try, try again.

-Try, try again. We've got to get it right.

0:27:320:27:35

You're enjoying this cream, aren't you?

0:27:350:27:38

'At the quarry, the shift is drawing to a close.

0:27:420:27:46

'The men are now half-way through their working month,

0:27:460:27:49

'and are faced with a four day enforced Easter holiday.

0:27:490:27:53

'The Steward is checking how many slates they've produced so far.'

0:27:530:27:57

I don't know whether we'll meet the target,

0:27:580:28:00

but one thing I've noticed is no-one's shirking or sloping off

0:28:000:28:04

or trying to avoid work.

0:28:040:28:06

-Everybody's doing their bit.

-I was counting earlier. You're a bit short.

0:28:060:28:10

-Aren't we?

-I'd say fifteen hundred.

0:28:100:28:13

-Way down.

-Yeah.

0:28:170:28:19

Another thing, we're doing this.

0:28:220:28:24

Lots of wastage, here. You will be fined for the waste.

0:28:240:28:27

You realise that, don't you?

0:28:270:28:29

We've been working so hard, as well.

0:28:300:28:32

Beginning of the bargen, it wasn't a very good quality slate

0:28:330:28:37

-from the start, was it?

-No.

0:28:370:28:39

-If we had better quality, we'd have done more.

-Yeah.

0:28:390:28:42

Gone home early twice, haven't you? That hasn't helped at all.

0:28:430:28:47

We'll knock off, now, then.

0:28:470:28:49

Let's get the tools back in.

0:28:490:28:52

Four days holiday, so you'll be losing four days, in a way.

0:28:550:28:58

You'll be working hard next week, now.

0:28:580:29:01

Happy Easter to you all, and hope to see you all in chapel.

0:29:030:29:06

-Easter holidays.

-This is the dance you do when you get four days off.

0:29:070:29:11

-Like that.

-The four days off dance, is it?

0:29:110:29:14

'The men are going to have to knuckle down on their return

0:29:140:29:18

'if they want to be paid their thirty shillings each

0:29:180:29:20

'at the end of the month.'

0:29:200:29:22

We've got to pump out fifteen hundred in about seven days.

0:29:220:29:26

-Yeah, right(!)

-We're stuffed.

0:29:260:29:29

Now then, it is time to return your books.

0:29:290:29:33

'Mr Williams has marked the children's geography test.

0:29:330:29:36

Ela, you have a mark of 96%, which is excellent. Come and get your book.

0:29:380:29:44

Thank you.

0:29:470:29:49

-Tommy, 92%, which is still very well.

-Thank you, Sir.

0:29:500:29:57

Jac. I was most pleasantly surprised.

0:29:580:30:00

You, in fact, had a percentage mark of 90%.

0:30:000:30:06

Leah, do you think you did as well as you could have done?

0:30:060:30:12

-Erm, no, Sir.

-No. Sadly, you had a total of 56%.

0:30:130:30:19

However, when we put all those marks together,

0:30:190:30:25

the percentage marks total 84% which means that Tommy will receive 84%

0:30:260:30:31

of the two shillings and eight pence that were possible.

0:30:310:30:37

Here you are. One shilling, two shillings, one, two, three.

0:30:370:30:43

Two shillings and three pence.

0:30:430:30:46

'Tommy's happy but Jac and Ella aren't.'

0:30:460:30:51

Me and Ella did better than Tommy and Leah put together.

0:30:510:30:55

It's a tiny bit unfair that Tommy gets paid.

0:30:550:30:59

'In 1890, a weekly wage of two shillings and thruppence

0:30:590:31:04

'would have been a real boost to the household budget.'

0:31:040:31:09

I'd like to say that is my budget, that's the rent, but it's not.

0:31:090:31:15

We have to keep some back.

0:31:150:31:17

I think my budget is going to be six shillings and five pence.

0:31:180:31:24

Tommy is hopefully earning as well.

0:31:240:31:27

I'm really nervous now.

0:31:270:31:30

It's like when you wait for GCSE results.

0:31:300:31:34

-Hello and how did the test go?

-I got top marks.

0:31:380:31:44

-Did you? You little teacher's pet.

-I got 94 out of 95.

0:31:440:31:50

-No way!

-I got 96%.

-Out of a hundred?

0:31:550:31:58

-I got ninety.

-Well done.

-He got two shillings and thruppence.

0:31:580:32:02

He's getting that for doing well. He's got you to thank for that.

0:32:020:32:08

'The men are back from the quarry but the day's not over yet.

0:32:100:32:15

'They've organised a fishing trip with Llywarch the poacher.'

0:32:170:32:20

-I've got them ready.

-Are you boys ready?

-Yeah.

0:32:200:32:24

'First, they'll need some bait.

0:32:240:32:27

'Worms from the vegetable plot. Jac's mind isn't only on his stomach.'

0:32:270:32:33

I'm really looking forward to it. I've never been before.

0:32:330:32:38

My uncle is a fisher person.

0:32:380:32:41

In this house, we don't get to spend a lot of time with our fathers

0:32:420:32:48

because they are always at the quarry working late

0:32:480:32:53

and then it's time for tea and then it's bedtime.

0:32:530:32:58

It would be nice to spend some time with him

0:32:580:33:02

to see how good he is.

0:33:020:33:04

Wow! How many have you got?

0:33:060:33:10

About fifteen?

0:33:110:33:13

'The prospect of a fish supper has raised everyone's spirits.'

0:33:130:33:19

-Jac?

-Yeah?

-When they bite, let them bite twice,

0:33:190:33:24

and on the third bite, give it a good pull.

0:33:240:33:28

Because the first two times, he's only nibbling.

0:33:280:33:32

-How do you know when it bites?

-You'll feel it.

0:33:320:33:36

-So, it will be one, two..

-And then a good pull.

0:33:360:33:40

Not far now.

0:33:400:33:41

'They are heading for a lake higher up in the mountain slope.

0:33:410:33:46

'It's located on common land so if they catch a fish,

0:33:460:33:50

'they won't be poaching.'

0:33:500:33:53

I've fixed the hooks for you.

0:33:530:33:55

'Free of quarry work and chores, for the first time in a fortnight,

0:34:020:34:07

'the men are able to relax and reflect on the experience so far.'

0:34:070:34:12

The experience has been very stressful

0:34:140:34:16

so it's had an adverse effect not a positive effect.

0:34:160:34:20

Because there's so much to do and everything is quite difficult,

0:34:200:34:24

the animals and the early mornings and the long days at the quarry.

0:34:240:34:30

With Lisa having to do so much as well.

0:34:300:34:33

It's created a stressful environment rather than a relaxing one.

0:34:330:34:39

Nothing seems to be going right.

0:34:390:34:41

The cow seems to play up at every given opportunity.

0:34:410:34:47

That's difficult because milking is more like a wrestling match.

0:34:470:34:52

MUSIC

0:35:000:35:02

I live with my grandparents, I don't see my mother and Tommy a lot.

0:35:020:35:07

Having four days off in a row has really enlightened me.

0:35:070:35:12

I'm happy to be spending time with them

0:35:120:35:15

especially having time off.

0:35:150:35:17

We're fishing and I'm explaining to Tommy what to do

0:35:170:35:22

and Leah knits me bags and I really appreciate it.

0:35:220:35:28

It's really good especially at night time.

0:35:280:35:30

We play games before we go to bed and it's really good bonding.

0:35:300:35:35

It's really nice.

0:35:350:35:38

It's good having a few days off to be with the family.

0:35:380:35:43

You get a bit more time to do things like this.

0:35:430:35:47

You aren't in the quarry doing the same work non-stop.

0:35:470:35:53

I'm going to enjoy the next couple of days far away from that quarry.

0:35:530:35:59

We're useless hunters. Can't catch rabbits, fish.

0:36:010:36:07

'The fishing trip may have been a welcome break from work,

0:36:070:36:11

'but the men have failed to catch anything.'

0:36:110:36:15

-You've been doing a bit of fishing?

-Yeah.

0:36:150:36:18

Just going home again and saying to the wife, no fish!

0:36:180:36:22

-Let's go home, then.

-Okay, then.

0:36:220:36:25

Hold on!

0:36:250:36:27

'With no hope of a bite, it's back to the smallholding

0:36:270:36:31

'where an important chore must be performed before dark.'

0:36:310:36:35

MUSIC

0:36:350:36:40

'The Braddocks' day old lamb needs to be marked with pitch

0:36:410:36:47

'to deter foxes.'

0:36:470:36:49

'Gareth, the local farmer, has arrived to supervise.'

0:36:490:36:53

I think we might have an argument when we catch that one.

0:36:530:36:57

-Get her in that corner there.

-Okay.

0:37:000:37:03

We want to disturb her as least as possible.

0:37:030:37:07

Yes, now.

0:37:070:37:11

That's it. Around its neck. You've got him.

0:37:110:37:14

Catch him. Pick him up, quick.

0:37:140:37:17

-There you are. Not too much!

-Go on.

0:37:170:37:20

-Fantastic, brilliant.

-It's so soft.

0:37:200:37:24

That one is going to bring a lamb tonight.

0:37:250:37:28

I think you might have two lambs.

0:37:280:37:32

You arrange for either one of you to get up tonight

0:37:320:37:36

and keep an eye every two or three hours.

0:37:360:37:41

I've got a lot of confidence in you.

0:37:410:37:44

'Though their first weeks were a struggle,

0:37:490:37:54

'they are starting to embrace their role as smallholders.'

0:37:540:37:58

After two weeks, we are getting used to what needs to be done.

0:38:030:38:08

We're coping now with what we need to do.

0:38:080:38:11

'It's Easter in 1890.

0:38:220:38:26

'The families are kicking off festivities

0:38:290:38:31

'with a trip to the shop.

0:38:310:38:34

'The men have been left behind.

0:38:440:38:48

'In Victorian times, men would never have done any household chores

0:38:480:38:54

'and up until now, Jamie and Mark Braddock have been true to history.

0:38:540:38:59

'But today, they've decided to role up their sleeves.'

0:38:590:39:04

I'm never going to live this down!

0:39:040:39:06

We've done all the animals and everything else.

0:39:060:39:10

We thought, we'd have a go at the washing.

0:39:100:39:14

I think she'll end up doing it again, but we had a go. We had an attempt.

0:39:140:39:21

When Alisa comes back from the shop, we won't have to do anything else!

0:39:210:39:26

You've done your fair share this morning.

0:39:260:39:29

We've got to milk the cow again.

0:39:290:39:32

Milk the cow, do the washing, cook the food and it all starts again.

0:39:320:39:37

'David Jones has always helped around in the cottage.

0:39:370:39:41

'Bringing a little of 2010 into 1890.'

0:39:410:39:45

Everyone has to chip in here.

0:39:450:39:48

Everyone has to do their bit and give everything.

0:39:480:39:52

Not that I'm saying I wouldn't be happy living in 1890s life,

0:39:520:39:56

it would be nice to come home and say, "Where's tea?".

0:39:560:40:01

'The trips to the shop are proving to be the highlight of the week.

0:40:010:40:08

'The families can stock up on supplies and the women earn

0:40:080:40:13

'an extra income by selling homemade produce.'

0:40:130:40:17

-Here's a dozen Welsh cakes.

-Right.

0:40:170:40:19

-Two dozen actually.

-Are these freshly made today?

0:40:190:40:24

This morning. Ella and I have been at it.

0:40:240:40:28

How much was the coffee?

0:40:280:40:30

The coffee was ten pence ha'penny.

0:40:300:40:33

We can't afford that.

0:40:330:40:35

'Back at the smallholding, the men have done their chores.

0:40:350:40:39

'Now, they are getting ready for some macho pursuits.

0:40:390:40:43

'It's Saturday and it's footy time. Jamie's a keen player

0:40:430:40:47

'but this is a completely different ball game.'

0:40:470:40:51

At home, it would be "What do you do before a game?".

0:40:540:40:59

Chilling out, watch a bit of TV and listening to music.

0:40:590:41:04

I'd have pasta and Lucozade. Get pepped up thinking of the game.

0:41:040:41:09

What did you do today? "Milked a cow, mucked it out and had tea."

0:41:090:41:15

That's how it works in this era.

0:41:150:41:18

-See you in the football game Leah.

-'Bye.

0:41:180:41:22

'The women are back from the shop and Alisa has treats!

0:41:220:41:26

I shopped 'til I dropped. I feel so bad.

0:41:260:41:29

Catrin didn't spend half as much as me.

0:41:290:41:33

-You got your lucky wish.

-Thank you, Tom.

0:41:330:41:36

-My favourite.

-We bought you coconut cake.

0:41:360:41:39

-It's a Madeira.

-Oh!

0:41:390:41:42

-Jamie, do you like coconut?

-Morello cherry, that sounds nice.

0:41:420:41:47

-This is the best. Coffee.

-I haven't seen that. Coffee.

0:41:470:41:51

-That's liquid coffee.

-Lush.

0:41:510:41:55

'At the Joneses, Catrin has been more frugal.'

0:41:550:42:00

-I didn't get the mixed peel. It was so expensive.

-Okay.

0:42:000:42:05

-I've got some currants and raisins.

-We can make it without mixed peel.

0:42:050:42:10

Jac, put it down careful.

0:42:100:42:12

'There's just enough time for the women to make a picnic

0:42:120:42:17

'and then they're off to the match.

0:42:170:42:19

'Easter was not a big event

0:42:220:42:24

'amongst the conformists quarrying community.

0:42:240:42:27

'They differed from their Anglican counterparts

0:42:270:42:31

'in their belief the resurrection should be celebrated

0:42:310:42:34

'every Sunday.

0:42:340:42:36

'Saturday, however, was a different matter.

0:42:360:42:39

'Even in hardworking 1890, communities did get together

0:42:390:42:45

'for a little entertainment.'

0:42:450:42:48

'As the women set up the picnic in their seats

0:42:510:42:55

'the men are getting fired up.'

0:42:550:42:57

Come on, Jamie, listen!

0:42:570:42:59

If you won't concentrate, you won't play properly.

0:42:590:43:03

MUSIC

0:43:030:43:07

Well done, Dave!

0:43:070:43:09

SHOUTING AND CHEERING

0:43:090:43:14

'They're playing in a local derby against a rival quarry.

0:43:140:43:18

'And to make up the numbers, there are some familiar faces.'

0:43:180:43:23

'Gareth, the farmer.'

0:43:230:43:24

CROWD CHEER

0:43:240:43:27

Go on boys, tackle him.

0:43:270:43:28

'And Mr Humphries, the quarry steward.'

0:43:280:43:32

WHISTLE

0:43:330:43:34

Oh!

0:43:340:43:36

ALL:Yes

0:43:370:43:40

'It's a friendly fixture.

0:43:400:43:42

'But a football match in Victorian times followed different rules.

0:43:420:43:47

'Shoulder barging, tripping and kicking shins all acceptable.'

0:43:470:43:54

1890 rules is basically anything goes.

0:43:540:43:56

If they kick you, kick them back.

0:43:560:43:59

'Mark Braddock is getting into the spirit of things.'

0:44:000:44:04

Good fun, nearly as good as wrestling a cow.

0:44:050:44:08

'David is finding things a bit rough.'

0:44:080:44:13

I stubbed my toe on somebody's leg and it hurt.

0:44:130:44:19

CROWD CHEER

0:44:230:44:25

'As the final whistle blows, the result is a draw at six all.

0:44:250:44:29

'Mark Braddock's team-mates are really impressed by him.

0:44:290:44:35

'I've never seen anybody being sent off so many times.

0:44:350:44:39

Five times in one game. Five!

0:44:390:44:42

'Back home, David is licking his wounds

0:44:520:44:55

leaving the others to get on with the evening's chores.'

0:44:550:44:59

You relax now, darling and I'll do all the milking and the farm work.

0:44:590:45:05

-I'll come and give you a hand.

-I'm only joking!

0:45:050:45:09

-Right, see you later.

-Okay.

0:45:090:45:12

It's gone a bit blue. It's going to be nice and painful tomorrow.

0:45:120:45:18

Glad it's only chapel tomorrow and not work.

0:45:180:45:23

I'd have a job walking to work tomorrow.

0:45:230:45:27

We've had a football game today.

0:45:290:45:31

Some people took it a bit more serious, i.e., Jamie

0:45:310:45:35

who thought it was the FA Cup.

0:45:350:45:38

On the whole, the rest of us had really good fun.

0:45:380:45:42

We played a bit of a dirty game.

0:45:420:45:45

It was a dirty game of football in the 1890s.

0:45:450:45:49

I don't even know there were any rules!

0:45:490:45:53

Our team lacked structure and organisation.

0:45:530:45:57

Didn't help his Dad got sent off. There was a gap in defence.

0:45:570:46:02

Mark got sent off about five times in one match.

0:46:020:46:06

They played dirty and I was scared.

0:46:070:46:11

I thought there'd be a big riot.

0:46:110:46:15

I did get sent off five times but that was down to the referee.

0:46:150:46:19

I think he was biased.

0:46:190:46:21

I was being kicked a lot and I kicked them back.

0:46:210:46:24

He'd send me off but I think he was playing for the other side.

0:46:240:46:28

'After a busy day, it's bath night for the boys.

0:46:390:46:44

-You're not having a bath in your underpants.

-Yes I can!

-Off!

0:46:450:46:48

-Off!

-Yeah, I can. Come here, I'll do it.

0:46:480:46:53

I'll hide your modesty.

0:46:530:46:56

Ah! That's boiling!

0:46:560:46:58

How's that? That's nice.

0:46:580:47:00

-That's boiling.

-Put your head down, quick.

0:47:000:47:04

-Oh, not my hair?

-Yes! Too late!

0:47:040:47:06

-It's changed from ginger!

-Not too hot!

0:47:060:47:12

'It's Easter Sunday. The day of rest.

0:47:190:47:24

'And the kids are taking it far too literally.'

0:47:240:47:28

Tommy!

0:47:280:47:30

-Tom!

-Yeah?

0:47:300:47:33

Are you getting up? Jordan?

0:47:330:47:37

We have to be in chapel in a couple of hours.

0:47:370:47:41

It's Easter Sunday today so it's a full day of chapel.

0:47:410:47:45

I wouldn't have it any other way on Easter Sunday.

0:47:450:47:50

No chocolate eggs, no Easter bunny,

0:47:500:47:54

just a long winded minister and chapel.

0:47:540:48:00

Yes, sounds great.

0:48:010:48:03

Oh, dear!

0:48:030:48:06

'Over at the Joneses, it's a similar story.'

0:48:060:48:11

Right, still no action here.

0:48:110:48:14

Fifth or sixth time I've asked you.

0:48:140:48:18

No! No! Up!

0:48:180:48:23

No, up! You're out now Jac, good. Ella, come on.

0:48:230:48:29

Come on, up you get or else I'll rugby tackle you.

0:48:290:48:35

Hey! Out of there! Jac, you're in trouble now.

0:48:350:48:39

Come on, Ella. Come on now.

0:48:390:48:42

'David Jones has been up since dawn milking and mucking out the barn.'

0:48:420:48:47

Chapel on a Sunday isn't all it's cracked up to be

0:48:470:48:51

because, quite simply, it puts you behind with everything.

0:48:510:48:58

The animals don't get fed, the cows don't get milked.

0:48:580:49:03

When you come back, you have more to do.

0:49:030:49:06

It's a nuisance. I'm fed up because the weather's horrible.

0:49:060:49:10

It's raining. When it rains here, it rains for Britain.

0:49:100:49:15

Yesterday was a good day, we had the football.

0:49:150:49:18

It was really nice. The weather was nice.

0:49:180:49:21

Today, a bit fed up to say the least.

0:49:210:49:26

It's promising snow later on in the week.

0:49:260:49:29

We've had every type of weather here.

0:49:290:49:32

The only thing we haven't had are blizzards and tornados.

0:49:320:49:36

So, we might as well throw those in for good luck.

0:49:360:49:39

'The chores are done and everybody's up at last.

0:49:430:49:47

'Now, all they have to do is get dressed for chapel.

0:49:470:49:51

-It's wrong, isn't it? Totally wrong.

-Is it?

0:49:510:49:55

These Sunday best are a nightmare.

0:49:570:49:59

They're the most ridiculous things I've ever had to put on.

0:49:590:50:04

All this effort for very little reward!

0:50:060:50:11

It's not the most exciting of processes.

0:50:110:50:14

-The songs..

-are very Welsh and I don't speak Welsh.

0:50:140:50:17

I haven't got a clue what they are on about.

0:50:170:50:20

The songs are lovely but in Welsh.

0:50:200:50:23

'The families have been here for two weeks now

0:50:270:50:30

'and as non-Welsh speakers from Abergavenny

0:50:300:50:33

'the Braddocks sometimes feel in a foreign country.'

0:50:330:50:36

The language is a nice language when you hear it spoken.

0:50:370:50:40

But it would be nice if we did understand the language

0:50:400:50:45

we'd feel that much more part of chapel and the whole service

0:50:450:50:51

and the whole thing.

0:50:510:50:52

We feel a bit alienated some times by the fact you can't speak Welsh.

0:50:520:50:57

I've got the important stuff covered.

0:50:580:51:00

-'Dwi'n dy garu di.

-'Dwi'n dy garu di.

0:51:000:51:02

'Dwi'n dy garu di.

0:51:020:51:04

HYMN SINGING

0:51:180:51:21

'The chapels at the time were far more than places of worship.

0:51:240:51:30

'They were the powerhouses of Welsh cultural identity.

0:51:300:51:33

'Dead set against the established church

0:51:340:51:36

and the Anglican political elite.

0:51:370:51:39

'Welsh was the language of the non-comformist congregations.'

0:51:450:51:51

That was really boring today. It's boring singing in Welsh.

0:51:570:52:01

If you don't know the words and meaning,

0:52:010:52:04

you don't know how to put the meaning into it.

0:52:040:52:06

And you don't know the tune.

0:52:060:52:08

I didn't even know what page it was. I was on the wrong page.

0:52:080:52:12

We were on the wrong bit.

0:52:120:52:14

-Once you lose it then, you can't catch up.

-You're completely lost.

0:52:140:52:19

It's difficult.

0:52:190:52:20

There we are once again.

0:52:200:52:22

'The adults are heading home but it's not over for the youngsters.'

0:52:220:52:27

Welcome to Ysgol Sul. Croeso. Bore Da.

0:52:270:52:31

'They are back in for another dose of Sunday School.

0:52:310:52:36

'Miss Owen has an announcement to make.'

0:52:360:52:39

I'll take this time to remind you about the trip tomorrow.

0:52:390:52:44

There is a cost for the trip and it's eleven pence per adult

0:52:440:52:50

and six pence for each child.

0:52:500:52:54

What if you can't afford it?

0:52:540:52:57

I need you to take that information home and you can discuss it further.

0:52:570:53:02

I hope that you are able to come. I'm sure it will be a glorious day.

0:53:020:53:08

'The Sunday school trip was an important event

0:53:080:53:11

'in the social calendar.

0:53:120:53:15

'But at four shillings per family, or a third of their monthly budget,

0:53:150:53:19

'it may prove too expensive.

0:53:190:53:22

'Back at the smallholding, David's preparing Sunday lunch.

0:53:240:53:29

He bought a rabbit from the poacher. Catrin isn't happy.

0:53:290:53:34

-I didn't know. I've just been told.

-Told what?

0:53:340:53:38

-That you've spent our hard earned money.

-Only a couple of shillings.

0:53:380:53:45

It's well worth it.

0:53:450:53:47

Okay, you're the man of the house, I'm the little lady.

0:53:470:53:51

-It's meat.

-It's rabbit and I don't want it anyway.

0:53:510:53:55

Fussy!

0:53:550:53:58

I can't believe how fussy you are. This is the 1890s.

0:53:580:54:01

People would be starving and you'd have a rabbit on the table

0:54:010:54:05

and you'd say, I don't want that.

0:54:050:54:08

'The kids are back from Sunday School

0:54:080:54:10

'and now everybody can relax.'

0:54:100:54:14

Playing cards on a Sunday, are we children?

0:54:160:54:19

You know you will go to hell, don't you?

0:54:190:54:22

I find the chapel boring but the minister cheers me up

0:54:230:54:27

because he looks really funny.

0:54:270:54:30

His eyebrows are raised and his lips go up

0:54:300:54:33

and one side of his lips go down.

0:54:330:54:36

Most of the time, I am sleeping in chapel.

0:54:360:54:39

I'm leaning against onto my mum's shoulders or my dad

0:54:390:54:43

and falling asleep.

0:54:430:54:45

But the minister keeps waking me up when he shouts.

0:54:450:54:48

He says something normal and then he'd shout "praise to God."

0:54:480:54:56

I'd just go, uh! It really wakes me up.

0:54:560:54:59

'At the Braddocks, Jamie has told Alisa the bad news about the cost

0:54:590:55:04

of the Sunday School trip.'

0:55:040:55:07

'That's a bit of a slap in the face, shall we say?

0:55:070:55:13

I can't believe how expensive it is

0:55:130:55:19

to go to on a trip. It's a day out with your community.

0:55:190:55:25

Yeah, it's going to be a very expensive day out.

0:55:250:55:29

A day we don't need. We've actually contemplated not going.

0:55:290:55:32

'Over at the Joneses, they're tucking in to their rabbit.'

0:55:320:55:38

-What's wrong?

-Bones.

0:55:380:55:42

-It's not bad!

-Is that rabbit?

0:55:420:55:44

That might have been a bone the rabbit might have had a snack on.

0:55:440:55:50

What's wrong?

0:55:500:55:52

Jac, come on or you'll be hungry.

0:55:520:55:56

Yes but I don't want any rabbit.

0:55:560:55:58

'Ella finds all this talk a bit much for her vegetarian sensibilities.'

0:55:580:56:02

You don't talk about anything but this rabbit's nice.

0:56:020:56:06

Or "How do you kill a rabbit?" or how do you rabbit that?

0:56:060:56:11

We'll call it Noo Noo!

0:56:110:56:14

It's Noo Noo stew from now on okay? Noo Noo stew.

0:56:140:56:19

Come here!

0:56:210:56:23

Have you got Childline's number?

0:56:230:56:26

-I didn't kill the Noo Noo!

-Shut up!

0:56:260:56:32

-'With money tight, both families will have to scrape together

0:56:320:56:36

'the pennies to go on the trip tomorrow.

0:56:360:56:38

'But at least some pleasures can be enjoyed for free.'

0:56:380:56:44

You can't beat a sunset,

0:56:460:56:47

you can't beat the sun going down on the sea.

0:56:470:56:50

It's pretty. It's really amazing, isn't it?

0:56:500:56:53

The views are fantastic up here. Fantastic.

0:56:530:56:57

We've done everything. The animals are sorted, the cow's been milked

0:56:570:57:02

and there's food cooking and we've got nothing to do.

0:57:020:57:05

We thought we'd come out and see the sun set and have a chat.

0:57:050:57:09

It's nice now because it's all been done.

0:57:090:57:12

-It's near enough done, isn't it?

-Yeah.

0:57:120:57:14

I'd say that this is the best reward we've had.

0:57:140:57:18

We haven't had any moments where we can sit and watch the sunset.

0:57:180:57:24

It probably makes up for everything else we have to go through.

0:57:260:57:30

This is a minor reward.

0:57:300:57:32

It's very pretty, I'd like to do this more often

0:57:320:57:36

but as pretty as it is, I wouldn't trade my life in 2010 for it.

0:57:360:57:41

'Next time - tensions rise in the Braddocks'.'

0:57:440:57:48

Give me respect, you'll get it back.

0:57:480:57:50

'Is a strike brewing at the quarry?

0:57:500:57:53

Do not talk of unions here, I'm telling you now.

0:57:530:57:57

'And the families experience Snowdonia in Spring weather.'

0:57:570:58:01

If this lasts three or four day, what are we going to do?

0:58:010:58:05

We are marooned up here. We won't be able to get out and get any food.

0:58:050:58:10

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