16/01/2018 BBC News at Ten


16/01/2018

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Tonight at ten - after the collapse

of Carillion, mounting uncertainty

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for thousands of workers

and many small firms.

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As suppliers demand information

about whether they'll get paid,

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a fast-track investigation

into Carillion's directors

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is ordered by the government.

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I know that the Business Secretary

Greg Clarke is going to make sure no

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stone is left unturned

in order to establish just

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where responsibility lies

for the collapse of the company.

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There are growing concerns

for thousands of small firms,

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whose contracts with Carillion

are worth about £1.7 billion.

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We're a viable business,

but without some sort of help

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from the government in the short

to medium term, it's unlikely

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we'll trade out of this.

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We'll be looking at those directly

affected by Carillion's

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collapse, including more

than 1400 apprentices.

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Also tonight...

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A couple in California are charged

with torture and child endangerment,

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after their 13 children

were allegedly held captive

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in the family home.

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The US Olympic gold gymnast,

Simone Biles, says she was sexually

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abused by the USA team doctor,

Larry Nassar.

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The 30-year plan to revolutionise

transport in the north of England -

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but it gets a rather mixed

response.

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Iceland becomes the first

supermarket to say that

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plastic will be eliminated

from its own-brand products

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within five years.

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A new national Health Service

starts, providing hospital and

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specialist services.

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And the changing role

of nurses in the NHS -

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we talk about the challenges

they face.

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And coming up on Sportsday

on BBC News...

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Could Leicester overcome

Jamie Vardy's former club, Fleetwood

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Town, in tonight's FA

Cup third round replay?

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Good evening.

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Thousands of workers and small firms

facing an uncertain future,

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are demanding answers from ministers

following the collapse

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of Carillion, the construction giant

which went into

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liquidation yesterday.

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Ministers have ordered

a fast-track investigation

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into the firm's directors,

but Labour wants an independent

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assessment of the potential costs

facing the taxpayer.

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Carillion, the UK's second

biggest construction firm,

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employs 20,000 people in the UK,

but many small firms

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are also linked to it.

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One expert estimates

that 30,000 companies

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are owed money by Carillion.

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First tonight, Simon Jack reports

on the problems raised

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by Carillion's collapse.

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Just how many workers for Carillion

and its subcontractors will be

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leaving their current jobs for good?

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Carillion owes Andy Bradley

£1 million, £1 million

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he doesn't expect to get paid.

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Outside his office, two

chairs are now empty,

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two of 11 staff he's already let go.

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It's devastating.

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These are people I've known

for years and years.

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They've been loyal, hard

working individuals,

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helped get the business

to where it is today.

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One lady just, I don't know

if you just as you arrived,

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she came in, we had to let her go.

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She left in tears.

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He says the Government's

decision to keep

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faith with Carillion

after multiple profit warnings

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sent the wrong message.

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Contract after contract after

contract they awarded them billions

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of pounds of public

sector contracts.

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So the message that's given

the SME sector is the

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Government must have

done its due diligence.

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Carillion must be a sound

business to work for.

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That confusion is turning

to anger, particularly at

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former bosses, like Richard Howson,

who left Carillion after the first

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profit warning in July 2017.

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He took home

£1.5 million in 2016 and is due

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to receive a £660,000 salary

until October.

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Keith Cochrane took over

the reins in September on a

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salary of 750,000.

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And tough questions for the finance

director, who was looking

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after the company's accounts

when the crisis hit.

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It's gone under.

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20,000 jobs are directly at risk.

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A large number of supply

chain jobs are at risk,

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those people who worked so hard over

Christmas on

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Carillion-based rail contracts,

I'm not sure they've been paid.

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The directors have

done very well out of

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Carillion, and the chief executive

has had a massive payoff.

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Some of the City's

accounting firms also

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find their way into this story.

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KPMG prepared the

financial reports the

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directors used to give Carillion

a clean bill of health four months

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before a massive profit warning.

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We also find from this document

a witness statement from the acting

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chief executive -

they were updating

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on the financial condition

of the company

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and by the end, PWC refused to

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become administrators

for fear there wasn't enough

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cash to pay their fees.

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Earlier in the day, the Government

promised a fast track

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investigation into

the company's collapse.

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It's also vital that we look back

and find out what went wrong.

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I know that the Business Secretary,

Greg Clarke, is going to

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make sure that no stone is left

unturned in order to establish just

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where responsibility lies

for the collapse of the company.

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Union bosses met with

the Business Secretary

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tonight to turn over a few

stones of their own,

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so what did they find?

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There are a lack of confidence not

only amongst workers,

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indeed amongst many medium, small

family businesses, who rely on these

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contracts and frankly, don't know

whether they're going to get paid

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from one week to the next.

So we'll see where that takes us.

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The cranes at this

Carillion site in Smethwick

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were becalmed this evening,

but the construction

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industry is in turmoil.

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As we've heard, Carillion's collapse

has implications for thousands

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of people across the UK.

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Among those are the 1400

apprentices who've been

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in training at its own centre,

and there are more than

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12,000 retired workers

drawing their pensions.

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They're all concerned

about their futures,

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as Frankie McCamley

has been finding out.

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Carillion's promise to make

tomorrow a better place.

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Investors expect

a lot from Carillion.

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We can provide not only the best

training, the best work

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placements, access to good

opportunities for work.

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For Kyle that's simply not the case.

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This morning, after three years

as an apprentice for the company,

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he was sent home from college

with no explanation.

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Basically, I went into college

and we were about to start work.

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My tutor went for a meeting.

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When he come back, he said, we can

go and that they were about to come

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and turn the electric off.

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What, you can just go home?

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We can go home, yeah.

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He says the course has

had problem for month.

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My tutor now, he's good to be fair.

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He's trying to help me

through everything at the minute.

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The previous ones that

were just there partime,

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it's like they didn't really care

about the students there.

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It was just a job to them.

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Carillion is involved

in projects in towns

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and cities across the UK,

including a handful

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here in Manchester.

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Earlier today, I spoke

to one site manager,

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who didn't want to come on camera.

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He said he'd turned up to work today

and was told he couldn't do anything

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because the multimillion pound site

was no longer insured,

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despite not being given any

information, he was adamant

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he was losing his job.

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But he said he would keep

coming to work in the hope

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of getting redundancy.

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It's not just people currently

in work with concerns.

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Carillion operates 13 final salary

pension schemes in the UK,

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with around 28,500 members,

more than 12,000 of whom are already

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claiming a pension, including

Martin, who's owed tens

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of thousands of pounds.

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For a family, we've got three fairly

small boys, we don't -

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we need the money basically.

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I don't know what we're going to do.

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It's an uncertainty shared

by thousands, as they wait to find

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out how the demise of such a major

industry player will

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affect their future lives.

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Frankie McCamley, BBC News.

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Simon, what were underlining is how

many people are affected by this

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collapse. Other answers tonight?

What the government and the official

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receiver and the official agencies

who are managing this liquidation

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are saying, is that if you are

employed by Carillion or employed by

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a company employed by Carillion, a

subcontractor, working on a public

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sector project, then since this

liquidation you are effectively

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employed by the government. You will

be paid and they encourage you to

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keep working. However, if you are

working for a private sector

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project, those payments may come to

an end as soon as tomorrow. What is

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the great unknown, as we saw in the

piece earlier about the man owed £1

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million, is how much, if anything,

people with backdated bills for

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Carillion going back over previous

work, we'll actually get paid back.

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In this document, this statement

from the acting chief executive,

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there is so little cash left in the

business the chances of recovering

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much of that money owed are very

slim indeed. And that is the big

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worry, that that will set off shock

waves through the rest of the

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industry.

Simon Jack. Thank you.

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Our deputy political editor,

John Pienaar, is at Westminster.

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John, this uncertainty, the fact

that ministers are under so much

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pressure to deliver a clear answers,

what is your reading of things at

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Westminster?

The government is

trying to keep track of these

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services that ministers promised

would carry on. The Treasury has

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offered an open line of credit to

the receiver to see that that

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happens. But the pressure is on.

Westminster feels like a scalp on

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right now, with demands for an

enquiry into Carillion coming thick

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and fast, and promises of

parliamentary enquiries coming

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almost as quickly. We have seen the

business secretary saying the

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receivers look at whether there was

corporate misconduct that Carillion

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and that should be done quickly. The

government wants to be seen as part

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of the solution, not the problem.

Ministers would rather be seen as

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hunters rather than prey. Expect

changes in the way the rules are

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operated. I have been picking up

talk that companies would have to go

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through stress tests to show they

are sound businesses before they get

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contracts. Not enough for a Labour,

certainly not enough Jeremy Corbyn,

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who is questioning the involvement

of private firms in public

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contracts. If there is another

collapse, another failure, another

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Carillion, and the fears are real in

Whitehall, that would light a fire

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on this -- on this already hot

controversy involving private firms

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and the state.

Many thanks, John Pienaar.

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A couple in California have been

charged with torture

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and child endangerment,

after their 13 children

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were allegedly held captive

in the family home.

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The brothers and sisters,

aged between two and 29,

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were found to be dirty and

emaciated, with some chained to

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their beds.

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James Cook reports

from Southern California.

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In public, they looked

like a big happy family.

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Devoutly Christian.

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Renewing their wedding vows in Las

Vegas, David and Louise Turpin

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played the part of proud parents.

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But in private, say police,

they had a dark secret.

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Before dawn on Sunday,

a 17-year-old girl escaped

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from this house through a window.

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She had taken a deactivated mobile

phone and managed to use it to call

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police.

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Inside officers found her 12

brothers and sisters, dirty

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and malnourished.

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Three were shackled to their beds

with chains and padlocks.

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The home was dark and foul smelling.

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I wish I could come to you today

with information that would explain

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why this happened.

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But we do need to acknowledge

the courage of the young

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girl who escaped from that residents

to bring attention, so they could

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get the help they so needed.

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Neighbours say the Turpins

were originally from West Virginia.

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The father was an engineer on a good

salary but had twice

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declared bankruptcy.

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Neighbours admit there were signs

things were amiss.

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I never saw a scooter,

I never saw a bike.

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I saw the infant maybe three times.

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Maybe.

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I never saw the infant again.

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How did they live when you saw them?

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They were always pale,

like abnormally pale.

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The children to look pale

in pictures posted on Facebook.

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Here they are visiting Disneyland.

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Police say the siblings

were so small they were shocked to

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discover that seven

were actually adults.

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The eldest, 29.

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They are now being

treated in hospital.

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They have gone through

a traumatic ordeal.

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I can tell you that

they are very friendly.

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They are very cooperative.

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And I believe that there are hopeful

that life will get better for them

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after this event.

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This quiet Californian suburb is now

under intense scrutiny.

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The authorities say they had no

prior contact with the family.

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But neighbours are searching

their souls, wondering if

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they could have saved

the siblings sooner.

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As for David and Louise Turpin,

they are now under arrest,

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charged with torture

and child endangerment.

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With the media gathered outside the

house, we are getting a little more

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detail about what might have

happened and what is now happening.

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We are told that all 13 of these

siblings are the biological children

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of David and Louise Turpin. We are

told there is no evidence at this

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stage they were sexually abused.

What is happening now at the

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hospital is that doctors are working

on trying to feed them, trying to

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improve their physical condition,

and also offering them counselling

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and other psychological help, to

help with their mental state as

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well. They have obviously suffered

what was described were -- by one

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doctor as a horrific ordeal. The

medical staff are concerned about

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the potential for post-traumatic

stress disorder, and they know that

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these 13 siblings will have a job

adjusting to their new lives.

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James, many thanks. James Cook with

that story in Southern California.

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The rate of inflation has fallen

for the first time in six months,

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mainly because of the

impact of air fares.

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The inflation rate dipped

to 3% in December -

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down from November's

rate of 3.1% which

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was a six-year high.

0:15:040:15:09

A teacher from East London has gone

on trial at the Old Bailey,

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accused of planning terrorist

attacks on some of London's

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best-known landmarks.

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Prosecutors say Umar Haque,

seen here on the left, was inspired

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by the Islamic State group.

He denies the charges.

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Abuthaher Mamun and Nadeen Patel,

who also appeared in court, also

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denied the charges against them.

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President Macron of France has been

on a visit to Calais,

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where he's declared that he will not

allow new migrant camps to be built.

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He was visiting ahead of talks

with Theresa May this week,

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when he's expected to ask Britain

to take in more migrants.

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He's also expected to ask for more

funding for border security.

0:15:460:15:50

Live to Calais and our

correspondent, Lucy Williamson.

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Well, it's hard to believe there are

people sleeping out in conditions

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like this tonight. But there are

here in Calais, hundreds of them.

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President Macron came here today to

highlight that issue and also to

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urge the UK to do more to manage the

impact of having the UK border here

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in Calais, in effect, I suppose you

could say, he's started presenting

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his wish list to Theresa May before

he'd even arrived on British soil.

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There are very few people here who

think the president actually wants

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to move the border back to Dover,

but there's a lot to negotiate in

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the post-Brexit relationship and Mr

Macron seems to have started the

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bidding early.

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Once the UK was a magnet for Juma,

today it was the French president.

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After months of camping around

Calais, the Sudanese migrant

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has decided to apply

for asylum in France.

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Mr Macron's government has

promised a quicker welcome

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for those it accepts,

a quicker rejection

0:16:510:16:54

for those it refuses.

0:16:540:16:56

Juma is still waiting

for his answer.

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So you are our president, not

in front of you, but in my heart.

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But hundreds of migrants around

Calais are avoiding asylum centres

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like this in a bid to reach the UK

illegally, and Mr Macron wants more

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help from Theresa May

in dealing with them.

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TRANSLATION:

We need to better

manage the issue of isolated minors,

0:17:180:17:21

reinforce police co-operation

in Calais, with the departure

0:17:210:17:24

and transit countries and unblock

funds for the Calais region.

0:17:240:17:30

I will raise these points with our

British friends in 48 hours.

0:17:300:17:35

Despite big British investments

in security, migrants continue

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to test border defences.

0:17:410:17:44

This petrol station,

its perimeter fence broken,

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a new favourite for those trying

to board lorries bound for the UK.

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We caught this man squeezing

through before being caught

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by a police patrol.

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Mr Macron is due to talk

to the Prime Minister on Thursday

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about how to improve the joint

management of the border here.

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France would like Britain to take

more migrants from Calais and to pay

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more money towards security

and border checks.

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Mr Macron has vowed to prevent

another Jungle taking root.

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Police routinely demolish the small

camps that cling on,

0:18:180:18:22

but aid workers say that some here,

including families, have reached

0:18:220:18:25

the UK in the past few months.

0:18:250:18:28

Discomfort no match

for that renewal of hope.

0:18:280:18:31

Lucy Williamson, BBC News, Calais.

0:18:310:18:37

There's been a mixed

response to the announcement

0:18:370:18:39

of a £70 billion plan

to improve road and rail links

0:18:390:18:42

across the north of England.

0:18:420:18:44

Transport for the North,

which was set up to co-ordinate

0:18:440:18:47

improvements, says the scheme

will connect major cities and

0:18:470:18:50

reverse a long-term gap in funding.

0:18:500:18:53

Danny Savage reports from Leeds.

0:18:530:18:56

The hills of the North.

0:18:560:19:00

Beautiful, but a physical

barrier between the

0:19:000:19:02

conurbations either

side of the Pennines.

0:19:020:19:04

Travelling by car can be painful.

0:19:040:19:06

The few routes over the top

are often congested.

0:19:060:19:11

As for the trains,

they're frequent but

0:19:110:19:14

relatively slow, and

can be overcrowded.

0:19:140:19:16

Because there are always

delays on the train, we do

0:19:160:19:18

want the train service

to be a bit more quicker

0:19:180:19:21

than what it usually is.

0:19:210:19:24

Most of the trains between Halifax

and Bradford, and Halifax to

0:19:240:19:26

Leeds, like this,

are like an old bus -

0:19:260:19:29

draughty, hot, old.

0:19:290:19:32

Recent key infrastructure

projects have

0:19:320:19:37

included Crossrail in London,

with Crossrail 2 now been proposed.

0:19:370:19:40

And HS2 from London

to Birmingham and

0:19:400:19:45

beyond is still on the cards.

0:19:450:19:47

The strong feeling

in the North is that

0:19:470:19:50

it is time for some simultaneous

big projects there too.

0:19:500:19:52

Improving transport links

across the Pennines is nothing new.

0:19:520:19:55

This is the Leeds Liverpool Canal

built more than 200 years ago.

0:19:550:19:58

But instead of taking a few days

by water, the hope is, for

0:19:580:20:01

example, getting from Leeds

to Manchester by train down

0:20:010:20:03

to about half an hour.

0:20:030:20:06

After years of discussion about

improving things, there is now a

0:20:060:20:09

plan the northern cities agree on.

0:20:090:20:15

There used to be a train tunnel

between Sheffield and Manchester.

0:20:150:20:17

That's long gone.

0:20:170:20:20

But a new road tunnel,

like this one in Norway, is

0:20:200:20:23

proposed, and could halve

the current journey

0:20:230:20:26

between the cities.

0:20:260:20:29

And a new trans-Pennine railway

line will link Leeds

0:20:290:20:31

and Manchester by Bradford.

0:20:310:20:33

I think we also need to make

sure that we cover Hull,

0:20:330:20:36

Sheffield, Newcastle

and Manchester, of course -

0:20:360:20:38

so all our major city regions.

0:20:380:20:40

This is vitally

important for the North.

0:20:400:20:43

But remember, this is a 30 year plan

and is still only at the idea stage.

0:20:430:20:46

Former Transport Secretary John

Prescott walked out of the launch

0:20:460:20:49

in Hull today, unconvinced.

0:20:490:20:50

It will have no powers.

0:20:500:20:53

It can talk to the Treasury

along with the strategic

0:20:530:20:56

bodies, but it can't

make a decision.

0:20:560:20:59

It doesn't get any money.

It's a bloody fraud.

0:20:590:21:05

It is the government

that will have to be

0:21:050:21:08

convinced to stump up the money

for these ambitious projects,

0:21:080:21:11

to upgrade northern transport.

0:21:110:21:13

Danny Savage, BBC News, Leeds.

0:21:130:21:21

The Olympic champion gymnast,

Simone Biles, has said

0:21:230:21:24

she was sexually abused

by the former USA team

0:21:240:21:27

doctor, Larry Nassar.

0:21:270:21:28

He was jailed last month for 60

years, for possessing

0:21:280:21:30

images of child abuse,

and he's awaiting sentencing,

0:21:300:21:32

after admitting assaulting

other female gymnasts.

0:21:320:21:34

Nassar's many victims have

been making statements

0:21:340:21:36

to a court in Michigan, and

Rajini Vaidyanathan is there.

0:21:360:21:44

COMMENTATOR:

Absolutely amazing.

0:21:440:21:46

Her smile lit up the Olympics

and her performances won her four

0:21:460:21:48

gold medals and worldwide acclaim.

0:21:480:21:50

But through it all,

Simone Biles hid a dark secret.

0:21:500:21:53

Olympic champion, Simone Biles comes

forward to say she was also sexual

0:21:530:22:00

Olympic champion, Simone Biles comes

forward to say she was also sexually

0:22:000:22:06

sexually abused by former US

A gymnastic doctor, Larry Nassar.

0:22:060:22:09

Simone Biles is the most high

profile of Larry Nassar's victims.

0:22:090:22:12

He's alleged to have abused more

than 100 young girls.

0:22:120:22:14

Biles says she knows she's not

to blame for what happened and isn't

0:22:140:22:18

afraid to speak out now:

0:22:180:22:24

In court

today, Larry Nassar came

0:22:250:22:26

face to face with some

of the young women he abused,

0:22:260:22:29

at the start of

a sentencing hearing.

0:22:290:22:31

As they took their turn,

they bravely told the court

0:22:310:22:33

what he'd done to them.

0:22:330:22:38

Good morning, my name

is Kyle Stephens.

0:22:380:22:41

Kyle Stephens was first

abused by Nassar when she

0:22:410:22:43

was just six years old.

0:22:430:22:44

Perhaps you have figured it out

by now, but little girls don't

0:22:440:22:47

stay little forever.

0:22:470:22:48

They grow into strong women that

return to destroy your world.

0:22:480:22:55

I was 12 years old when I told my

parents, "When Larry

0:22:550:23:03

rubbed my feet, he uses his penis."

0:23:060:23:08

Sitting on my living room couch

I listened to you tell me,

0:23:080:23:11

"No-one should ever do that

and if they do, you

0:23:110:23:13

should tell someone."

0:23:130:23:14

Well, Larry, I'm here,

not to tell someone,

0:23:140:23:16

but to tell everyone.

0:23:160:23:17

Olivia Cowan suffered for years

from Nassar's abuse.

0:23:170:23:19

Now she's finally rebuilding her

life and is a mother.

0:23:190:23:22

I will educate my children

about monsters like you and pray

0:23:220:23:24

to God they will never experience

pain like this.

0:23:240:23:27

There will be a day where I look

into my soul and I will still see

0:23:270:23:30

the scars of this nightmare.

0:23:300:23:32

But I will no longer feel

the deepness of their pain.

0:23:320:23:40

For the young women who shared

their stories today here at court,

0:23:470:23:50

this is also about accountability.

0:23:500:23:52

How did Larry Nassar work

as the team doctor for USA

0:23:520:23:56

gymnastics for nearly two decades

and continue his abuse?

0:23:560:24:00

And what did top officials know?

0:24:000:24:03

One of those who wants answers

from the US gymnastics team

0:24:030:24:08

is Simone Biles' team-mate.

0:24:080:24:09

What did USA gymnastics do

and Larry Nassar do to manipulate

0:24:090:24:13

these girls so much that they're

so afraid to speak up?

0:24:130:24:18

As they performed before

millions around the world,

0:24:180:24:21

these young women were hiding

the pain and trauma of abuse.

0:24:210:24:24

After a day of emotional testimony,

the world of gymnastics is now

0:24:240:24:26

confronting its own me-too moment.

0:24:260:24:34

Donald Trump has been advised to eat

a lower fat diet and take more

0:24:410:24:45

exercise following a medical.

0:24:450:24:46

But the White House doctor,

Ronny Jackson, said the president

0:24:460:24:48

was generally in excellent health

and had performed well

0:24:480:24:50

on cognitive tests.

0:24:500:24:51

Dr Jackson said he expected

Mr Trump to remain healthy

0:24:510:24:54

for the duration of his presidency.

0:24:540:24:58

I had absolutely no concerns about

his cognitive ability or his, you

0:24:580:25:04

know, his neurological function. So

I was not going to do a cognitive

0:25:040:25:08

exam. I had no intention of doing

one. The reason we did the

0:25:080:25:12

assessment is plain and simple

because the president asked me to do

0:25:120:25:15

it. He came to me and said, is there

something we can do, a test or some

0:25:150:25:19

kind of screen we can do to assess

my cognitive ability?

Dr Ronny

0:25:190:25:27

Jackson.

0:25:270:25:31

Ministers have welcomed a decision

by the supermarket chain, Iceland,

0:25:310:25:33

to remove all plastic

from its own-brand

0:25:330:25:35

products within five years.

0:25:350:25:36

The company said it would use

paper packaging instead.

0:25:360:25:38

And the fast food chain,

McDonald's, says it intends

0:25:380:25:40

to make all its packaging

sustainable by 2025.

0:25:400:25:42

The annoucnements came as the EU

announced plans to make all plastic

0:25:420:25:45

packaging recyclable by 2023,

as Daniela Relph explains.

0:25:450:25:51

It is an ambitious target, from the

supermarket known for its frozen

0:25:510:25:56

foods. But across the full range of

Iceland's own-brand products,

0:25:560:26:00

plastic is on the way out. That's

the packaging on fruit and

0:26:000:26:06

vegetables, the dishes that hold a

ready meal, the plastic bags for

0:26:060:26:10

frozen goods, all to be replaced by

paper or other biodegradeable

0:26:100:26:15

containers by 2023.

These are our

ultimate steak burgers in a

0:26:150:26:20

cardboard box, which is good. But it

comes wrapped in a plastic bag.

0:26:200:26:24

There is no need for that plastic

bag. We have to recognise our

0:26:240:26:29

responsibility as retailers, because

we are a leading contributor of

0:26:290:26:33

plastic packaging. So today Iceland

are coming out and saying enough is

0:26:330:26:37

enough.

Iceland is about low prices

and budget shopping. But the company

0:26:370:26:41

says the cost of removing plastic

will not be passed on to shoppers.

0:26:410:26:46

Are you very aware of it when you

shop how much plastic there is?

I

0:26:460:26:50

am. I hate it.

Got to do something

about it. Eventually, like, there'll

0:26:500:26:54

be nowhere to put it.

This is a bold

decision by one retailer. Iceland

0:26:540:26:59

hopes it will now put pressure on

other supermarkets to do exactly the

0:26:590:27:02

same. That pressure to reduce

plastic waste is increasingly

0:27:020:27:07

global. Today the European Union

announced plans for all plastic

0:27:070:27:12

packaging to be recyclable by 2030.

We're going to turn our packaging

0:27:120:27:18

legislation inside out and review

what kind of plastic packaging can

0:27:180:27:21

be put on the market to enable easy

and cost effective recycling.

There

0:27:210:27:27

is now a momentum across business to

reduce plastics. Waitrose today

0:27:270:27:31

announced it will remove all plastic

straws and black plastic packaging

0:27:310:27:36

by the end of the year. McDonald's

says all of its packaging worldwide

0:27:360:27:41

will come from sustainable sources

by 2025. The plastic industry

0:27:410:27:49

supports increased recycling, but

it's concerned about what they see

0:27:490:27:51

as misinformation.

I've seen

recycling rates understated for

0:27:510:27:55

plastics. I've seen statements made

about plastics that can't be

0:27:550:27:58

recycled that we know can. I've also

seen statements made about all the

0:27:580:28:04

litter that's found in our ocean

that fails to tell the consumer that

0:28:040:28:08

the majority of that pollution comes

from the developing world not from

0:28:080:28:12

the West.

For Iceland, reducing

plastic waste has to be a group

0:28:120:28:17

effort, if it's to have serious

impact. It believes significant

0:28:170:28:21

change requires all of the main

supermarkets to collaborate.

0:28:210:28:29

This winter has already

brought its share of challenges

0:28:290:28:31

for the NHS, and tomorrow

will bring a renewed focus

0:28:310:28:34

on staffing levels,

with the latest BBC figures

0:28:340:28:36

on the recuitment of new nurses.

0:28:360:28:39

The role of nurses has changed

significantly over the years,

0:28:390:28:42

as they take on responsibilities

previously reserved for doctors.

0:28:420:28:45

Adina Campbell has been speaking

to some of the longest-serving

0:28:450:28:48

nurses in the NHS.

0:28:480:28:54

Combined they have nearly 150 years

of nursing experience.

0:28:540:28:59

Originally from the Philippines,

these women came over

0:28:590:29:03

to England in the 1970s,

during a time when the NHS was faced

0:29:030:29:06

with shortages and in desperate need

of support from overseas.

0:29:060:29:14

That's our badge from the hospital,

St Martin, it's the green one.

0:29:140:29:18

They've come to this exhibition,

at the Royal College

0:29:180:29:20

of Nursing in London,

to reminisce and reunite.

0:29:200:29:24

Just very, very nostalgic.

0:29:240:29:27

Out of 20 of us, there were only

three British nurses that

0:29:270:29:31

were in training and the rest

were all foreign.

0:29:310:29:35

Mostly from Malaysia,

India, Jamaica.

0:29:350:29:39

When we first started,

we just started for about a month

0:29:390:29:43

in the school and then straightaway

we were exposed to the wards,

0:29:430:29:49

and that's how our

training was based on.

0:29:490:29:52

Really, bed-side nursing.

0:29:520:30:00

ARCHIVE:

The new National Health

Service starts providing hospital

0:30:000:30:03

and specialist services.

0:30:030:30:06

Nurses were a crucial part

of the NHS from its inception,

0:30:060:30:10

but their role was often undervalued

and recognition came slowly.

0:30:100:30:15

ARCHIVE:

And this job needs doing

just as much as this.

0:30:150:30:19

Anyone that's interacted

with a nurse will know that

0:30:190:30:21

it's not a stereotype,

we're not in the Carry On films,

0:30:210:30:24

this is real-life.

0:30:240:30:27

And actually, most of the time,

whatever healthcare you're

0:30:270:30:29

receiving, you will spend your time

with a nurse.

0:30:290:30:32

I don't think in 1948 we even

took blood pressures.

0:30:320:30:35

You know, now we're

giving chemotherapy,

0:30:350:30:38

we're giving life-saving drugs,

we're monitoring conditions

0:30:380:30:41

and actually we are the glue.

0:30:410:30:43

That's why 86% of the

population trust nurses.

0:30:430:30:47

These are two of the faces of modern

nursing, as it filters

0:30:470:30:50

through the generations.

0:30:500:30:55

Ghislaine Stephenson has enjoyed

a 35-year career working

0:30:550:30:57

in hospitals across London,

while her daughter Grace

0:30:570:31:00

is at the beginning of hers.

0:31:000:31:03

I think 30 years ago, the nurses

were handmaidens to the doctors,

0:31:030:31:08

following their instructions.

0:31:080:31:12

Whereas nowadays, we're breeding

nurses now that are making those

0:31:120:31:15

decisions for patients and that,

to me, is the absolute,

0:31:150:31:18

the difference, the nurses

making those decisions.

0:31:180:31:21

A well-respected member

of the multi-disciplinary team.

0:31:210:31:23

And nurses are under so much

pressure these days in hospitals,

0:31:230:31:26

staffing levels, pay,

that hasn't put you off at all?

0:31:260:31:30

Definitely not.

0:31:300:31:32

There's always going to be sick

children and families that

0:31:320:31:35

need our help and no other job has

job satisfaction like that.

0:31:350:31:38

If there was one small bit of advice

that you'd give to Grace

0:31:380:31:43

about her starting her career,

that may stay with her

0:31:430:31:46

the whole way through,

what would it be, do you think?

0:31:460:31:48

Never stop caring.

0:31:480:31:51

Adina Campbell, BBC News.

0:31:510:31:54

By the way tomorrow, we will bring

you the latest figures that we have

0:31:540:31:58

on the problems of recruiting and

retaining nurses in the NHS.

0:31:580:32:03

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