22/11/2017 Beyond 100 Days


22/11/2017

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You're watching Beyond 100 Days.

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For the slaughter of 8,000 men

and boys in Srebrenico,

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Ratko Mladic is convicted

of crimes against humanity.

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The man known as the Butcher

of Bosnia is found guilty

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of genocide and extermination

and will spend the rest

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of his life in prison.

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The trial lasted five years,

today justice and relief

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for the families of the victims,

who had long feared the commander

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of the Bosnian Serb military.

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President Trump breaks his silence

on Roy Moore,

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saying the Alabama Senate candidate

has denied allegations of sexual

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misconduct and you have to listen

to him too.

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Britain's bleak budget, economic

growth forecasts are way down,

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the extra costs of Brexit up,

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so why is the Chancellor

still giving some money away?

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Also on the programme:

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Mugabe is gone - the man who'll

replace him has returned.

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Emmerson Manangwa flies

in to Zimbabwe to a hero's welcome

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from his Zanu-PF supporters.

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Straight out of a Cold War movie -

the terrifying moment a North korean

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soldier runs for his life,

across the demilitarised zone.

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Get in touch with us

using the hashtag #Beyond100Days.

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Hello, I'm Katty Kay in Washington

and Christian Fraser is in London.

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In the words of the presiding judge,

Radko Mladic was responsible

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for "the most heinous

of crimes known to mankind".

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It was his orders that led

to the slaughter in Srebrenica

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of 8000 men and boys,

who'd been separated from women,

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taken away in buses

or marched off to be shot.

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It was the worst atrocity

in Europe since World War II.

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Mladic, known as the Butcher

of Bosnia, tried to shout down

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the judge as the verdict

was read today.

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In his absence he was declared

guilty of genocide,

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crimes against humanity,

extermination, deportation,

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forcible transfer,

and the taking of hostages.

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The 74-year-old will spend the rest

of his life behind bars.

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Here's our special correspondent

Allan Little from the Hague.

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Mr Mladic, sit.

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It has been the most emotionally

charged of all the trials

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this court has heard.

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Mr Mladic, if you...

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Mladic demanded a halt

to the hearing because of his

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high blood pressure.

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When the judge refused, Mladic

was led out yelling obscenities.

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Curtains down, Mr Mladic will be

removed from the courtroom.

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SHOUTING

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In his absence,

the judge carried on.

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The crimes committed rank among

the most heinous known to humankind,

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and include genocide

and extermination as

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a crime against humanity.

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Mladic committed genocide

at Srebrenica in 1995.

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There, his men rounded up or hunted

down 8000 men and boys,

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some as young as 12,

and murdered them.

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EXPLOSION

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The sniping and bombardment

of the capital Sarajevo

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was designed to terrorise

the civilian population.

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A member of the SRK shot

a Bosnian Muslim woman walking

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on the street with her children.

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He's talking about the woman

in the white coat.

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Her name is Djenana Sokolovic.

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The bullet passed through her

abdomen and hit her seven-year-old

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son in the head, killing him.

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Last year I went to see her.

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She told me why she'd gone

to The Hague to give evidence.

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TRANSLATION:

It meant a lot to me.

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I went for the sake of my child.

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I know that nothing will bring him

back, but I would go again

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tomorrow if they asked me.

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I can't tell you how important

it was for me to testify.

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Across Bosnia, Mladic's forces drove

hundreds of thousands

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of non-Serbs from their homes.

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Thousands of men were held

in detention camps,

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where hundreds died.

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For this, Mladic was convicted

of murder, extermination

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and forced deportation.

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This is Fikret Alic in 1992.

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Today, he welcomed the verdict.

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TRANSLATION:

This should send

a signal across the world,

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that in future war criminals

will be punished.

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There will be justice.

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Ratko Mladic was not the architect

of ethnic cleansing,

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but he was its ruthless enforcer.

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He didn't just fight a war,

he carried out a huge and violent

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criminal enterprise.

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Allan Little, BBC News, The Hague.

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We can speak to Allan Little

live from the Hague.

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Extraordinary pictures and pork.

Ethnic -- extraordinary pictures on

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that report. You met him at the

beginning of the Warsaw as the

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verdict was handed down, you must

have had your own thoughts about

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this. Ethnic cleansing.

The courts confirmed what we could

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secretly and a half years, it was

also state sponsored criminal

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enterprise to dispossess to entire

ethnic groups. Ratko Mladic was at

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the pinnacle of that project. I met

at the start of the war in 1982 and

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he had just been made head of the

Bosnian Serb army, partly because of

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his zealotry for the cause. He was

right behind the project to create

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an ethnically pure Serbian state,

and I met him at a barracks and you

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could see that the traditional

generals of the Yugoslav army had

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been sidelined, sacked, dismissed or

demoted, because they were part of

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the old multiethnic ideal of

post-World War II Yugoslavia. Ratko

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Mladic had been locked out and put

in charge of them because of his

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ideological belief in the necessity

of of an ethnically pure Serbian

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state. It was his job to carve up

and ethnically pure state and use

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terror, mass moor, extermination and

genocide to achieve it.

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Interesting watching the reactions

in the former Yugoslavia today and

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Bosnian Serbs who said, this is a

fake trial... And that the verdict

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will make you more of a key role

are. Does that reflect a belief that

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this is being cooked up and they

don't believe the evidence presented

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in the Hague over the last five

years? Reflect ongoing tensions

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between the generic use their?

--

reflecting ongoing tensions

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between communities?

It reflects two parallel truths,

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Bosnia was successfully ethnically

divided by the war that Ratko Mladic

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board, and Serbs and non-Serbs lived

largely separate lives in one

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constitutional state. Crossing onto

the Serb side, they will tell you a

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story about an international

vendetta against the Serbs, and how

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it was loaded from the beginning. At

the same time you watch the people

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who lost loved ones to the ethnic

cleansing project, sitting in the

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public gallery, sitting beside

members of Ratko Mladic's family,

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and you think about the number of

years they have waited to see

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justice served. These two groups of

people inhabit completely different

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interpretations, completely

different interpretations of the

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same story, and if one of the

purposes of this tribunal was to

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reconcile those two groups, those

two sides, then it hasn't done it,

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because Bosnia remains ethnically

divided, politically paralysed, and

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sunk in poverty. It has not

recovered economically or

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politically from the war that Ratko

Mladic thought.

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Thank you, good to talk to you.

Thank you for being with us.

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22 years is not a long time ago that

this was happening on European soil.

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A lot of people would say, 22 years

is a long time to bring someone to

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justice. Questions as well today

because at the outset of all this,

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people did not really know whether

they could effectively try a war

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criminal in the former Yugoslavia...

But where you have got justice

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there, you have got practically

impunity in Syria and you can also

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say in Zimbabwe. Watching this week,

Robert Mugabe probably walking off

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into the sunset that any justice of

retribution for the crimes he

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committed. We will talk about Bashar

al-Assad later in the programme. He

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seems to be, having allegedly gassed

his own people, now part of the

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peace process.

I don't think anyone is suggesting

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that either Robert Mugabe or Bashar

al-Assad will make it to the he can

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end up like Ratko Mladic did, 22

years... In some sense, to date,

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clearly from the families of people

who went through Srebrenica and were

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killed in the war, that there is at

last some kind of justice delivered.

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Turning to American politics...

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President Trump is now supporting

a Republican politician who's been

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accused by eight women

of sexually harassing them.

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One of them says she was

only 14 at the time.

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Their accounts are detailed

and suggest a pattern of abuse.

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But Mr Trump says the politician,

Roy Moore of Alabama,

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denies the allegations and so that

seems to be enough for him.

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Mr Trump appears to have decided

getting a Republican

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into the Senate is worth it -

at almost any price -

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even though many other Republicans

have said they believe the women

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who accuse him.

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Before we play his comments,

it is perhaps worth a reminder that

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Mr Trump himself has been accused

of sexual harassment

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by at least 12 women.

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Mr President, is an accused child

molester better than a Democrat?

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He totally denies it.

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He says it didn't happen

and, you know, you have to

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listen to him also.

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Women are very special.

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I think it's a very special time

because a lot of things are coming

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out and I think that's good

for our society, and I think it's

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very, very good for women.

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Donald Trump there. The president is

correct that the Alabama Senate

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candidate Roy Moore has denied these

allegations, perhaps not as firmly

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as the president is suggesting. But

there is a pattern here that makes

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these women's stories look

particularly credible in this wave

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of harassment allegations and

stories we are getting.

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Certainly, and we have seen the

Democratic candidate raised a lot of

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these comments in his own paid

advertising. As a matter of fact,

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the new advertisement he has put all

of the women's pictures at the time

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they were harassed next to each

other, and the fact that there are

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eight or nine very young not women,

girls, on the screen there are, is a

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pretty shocking display. Something

we have not seen in American

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politics before.

An incredibly powerful ad that Doug

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Jones the Democrat put out in the

last few minutes. Endorsing him,

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effectively, he goes against their

Republicans in his own party and

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goes against his own daughter,

Ivanka Trump, who said there is a

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special place in hell for people who

hurt children. Why has he done it?

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This is once again evidence that

President Trump is not a typical

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politician and not a typical

Republican. The Republican party

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does not want to be branded with the

stain that Roy Moore would bring in

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he wins this election and cons that

the US Senate enjoyed the Republican

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conference, but the fact is that

Donald Trump sees this as a way to

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drive a wedge in the culture wars as

he enjoys to do. He enjoys pitting

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factions against each other and now

has a way to say, well, here is the

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liberal media, the lame mainstream

media are however he attacked us,

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coming after somebody. I'll find it

funny that he complained that

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something like this comes up

mysteriously in the weeks up to an

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election. Of course it does. That is

only pay attention.

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For people outside the United States

watching, wary of focusing on a

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Senate race in Alabama? But this

goes beyond the Alabama race because

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there are now lines on American

networks saying, Donald Trump

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support child molester. This role is

thought to the midterms in 2018.

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As I say, President Trump is not a

typical politician and not a typical

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Republican. A lot of Republicans are

worried that he is going to be what

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people think about when they headed

to the polling place. As we saw in

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elections earlier this year, in

special elections around the country

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and in Virginia in November, people

are voting against President Trump

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explicitly. This is what happens in

a President's first time, but just

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happens this president is more

deeply unpopular. Add to that

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something like Roy Moore and that

may fly in the most Conservative

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conclaves of deep red Alabama but it

will not fly in suburban places that

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Republicans must win around the rest

of the country.

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Livestock about Conservative

conclaves of deep red Alabama and

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talk about the advertisement, the

pictures of young girls. Put up by

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Roy Moore's Democratic Senate

opponent, the first time he has

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spoken out publicly about this, the

most high-profile thing he has said.

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Does an advertisement like this make

any difference to Conservative

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people in Alabama who say they are

supporting Roy Moore?

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It has do.

You think this could change votes?

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I think it could and acting the

reason the Jones campaign is talking

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about this is the attention has

drifted a bit from the scandal and

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it was front page of the paper in

the last two weeks, and every

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Alabama newspaper, now relegated to

the second tier story, as this

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remarkable run of sexual harassment

stories across industries, now

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hitting Congress, continues to roll

out. Doug Jones needs the dog is to

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be on Roy Moore, and he needs Roy

Moore to be deeply unpopular. -- he

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needs the dog is to be on Roy Moore.

The advertisement strikes tones on

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morality in that is a deep and

fundamental cornerstone of Alabama

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conservatism. -- Doug Jones once the

focus to be on Roy Moore. If they

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are rocking the polling places

saying the Republican candidate is

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an immoral person, that is the

Democrats only chance to win.

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Also a pastor on a radio show in

Alabama saying that actually Roy

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Moore had found he could not get

girlfriends and so he had gone after

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younger ladies because of their

purity. In the context of the kind

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of allegations being made about him,

that he molested a 14-year-old girl,

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the details of that came out from

the woman earlier this week...

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Pretty chilling thing to say, that

he went after younger ladies because

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of their purity.

The president obviously on his way

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yesterday to Mar-a-Lago when he made

those comments. People on Twitter

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today would have spotted my

incredulity at some of the tweets

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today, because there is much talk

about. There is Zimbabwe and Mugabe

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and Ratko Mladic and a terrible

accident in the US air force today,

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a plane lost in the ocean of Japan.

He is talking about this. Let's look

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at the Tweed. Stirring up a row that

began a week ago. -- let's look at

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Twitter. If other of a basketball

player... It was not the White

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House...

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I mean...

LAUGHTER

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I have a theory that he does the

Mar-a-Lago and general Caliente.

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Are there so there is no one to rein

him in. There is no other way to

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explain these sorts of speeches on

Twitter at IBM.

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The day before Thanksgiving and a

lot of people suggesting that is not

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the most presidential of sentiments

uttered on a day when Americans

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traditionally prepared to give

thanks. Let's move on. Some

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extraordinary footage has been

released...

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Some extraordinary footage has been

released, showing the recent

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defection of a North Korean soldier

who was seen trying to flee

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to the south across the heavily

fortified Demilitarised zone.

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North Korean soldiers did open fire,

hitting him five times,

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but he did survive.

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The UN Command in the region says

the incident was a clear

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breach of the Armistice.

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Paul Adams takes up

the story from Seoul.

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One man's bid for freedom captured

in a series of dramatic,

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soundless snapshots.

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From the North Korean side,

a soldier races towards the heart

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of the Demilitarised Zone.

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It's a short drive.

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As he passes, someone

tries to stop him.

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But the real risks are up

ahead at Panmunjom,

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where North meet South,

a place of rules, rituals

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and, for would-be defectors,

incredible danger.

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By now, North Korean soldiers

realise what's happening.

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This is only the third time one

of their own has tried to defect

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to this part of the DMZ in more

than 60 years.

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They are determined to stop it.

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The defector abandons his vehicle

and runs for the line.

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You can't see it but it's just

on the other side of the big tree.

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The guards fire repeatedly,

some from point-blank range.

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For UN investigators,

this is the key moment -

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shots have been fired

across the line and now, briefly,

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one of the guards crosses, too.

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He seems to realise his mistake.

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Unsure what to do next,

North Korean soldiers gather

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on their side and watch,

perhaps realising

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they've lost the man.

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But the defector is gravely wounded,

hit five times,

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in danger of bleeding to death.

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The view switches.

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These are thermal images.

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Look through the trees.

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South Korean soldiers

are crawling towards him.

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They are careful but when they reach

him they can't afford to be gentle.

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The whole episode has

taken just 45 minutes.

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No-one has died.

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In a place full of guns at a time

full of angry rhetoric,

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this could have been so much worse.

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Paul Adams, BBC News, Seoul.

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Isn't that the most extraordinary

footage? They have patched this man

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up and he was not... He was in

critical condition but is all right

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now. The doctor who treated him has

found that he had hepatitis B

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because he had been treated in a

hospital... Hepatitis B you get from

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unclean needles or unprotected sex.

He also has these worms in him, long

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worms. They have put them on

pictures and apparently this is

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because they spread... They are

using as fertiliser in North Korea

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human excrement, and admitted on

field and because food is grown by

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this, the poorest people tend to

have worms. He is in very bad state

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but at least alive.

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The UK finance minister set out

a series of measures today to put

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Britain on a secure footing

for Brexit and beyond.

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In his annual budget

there were a few eye

0:19:110:19:14

catching giveaways -

the Chancellor is loosening his belt

0:19:140:19:16

a little after years of austerity.

0:19:160:19:18

But it's not because he has more

money to throw around.

0:19:180:19:20

In fact quite the reverse.

0:19:200:19:22

The UK growth we are told will be

much lower over the next five years,

0:19:220:19:25

lower than was projected in March

this year.

0:19:250:19:27

Among the giveaways,

Philip Hammond announced that first

0:19:270:19:29

time home-buyers in England

and Wales will pay no up

0:19:290:19:31

front tax on homes up

to 300,000 pounds from today.

0:19:310:19:36

Also in there is £3 billion

that has been set aside

0:19:360:19:39

to "insulate" the economy

from any Brexit shocks.

0:19:390:19:43

Mr Deputy Speaker, I report today

on an economy that continues

0:19:430:19:46

to grow, continues to create more

jobs than ever before,

0:19:460:19:50

and continues to confound those

who seek to talk it down.

0:19:500:19:54

Hear, hear.

0:19:540:19:57

An economy set on a path

to a new relationship

0:19:570:20:00

with our European neighbours

and a new future outside

0:20:000:20:02

the European Union, a future that

will be full of change,

0:20:020:20:07

full of new challenges

and, above all,

0:20:070:20:10

full of new opportunities.

0:20:100:20:14

And in this budget we express our

resolve to look forward,

0:20:140:20:17

not backwards, to embrace that

change, to meet those challenges

0:20:170:20:20

head on, and to seize those

opportunities for Britain.

0:20:200:20:29

Chancellor of the X to Philip

Hammond. -- Chancellor of the

0:20:320:20:39

Exchequer. No stick with the Brexit

member birds of the Cabinet have not

0:20:390:20:42

been impressed by the Chancellor. No

fireworks and no slip-ups, has he

0:20:420:20:48

done enough to keep his job?

He came into this under a lot of

0:20:480:20:52

pressure and part of that is because

some of the Brexit leading MPs felt

0:20:520:20:56

he was being too gloomy about the

whole thing. They wanted him to

0:20:560:21:00

lighten up and be positive, and to

date Philip Hammond bid talk about

0:21:000:21:04

seizing the opportunities of Brexit

but also under pressure because of

0:21:040:21:09

the fact that Theresa May and the

Conservative Government lost their

0:21:090:21:12

majority in the House of Commons at

the election earlier this year,

0:21:120:21:15

which means that anything

controversial comes under pressure

0:21:150:21:19

from Conservative MPs as well as the

opposition. And over all of it of

0:21:190:21:25

course, Brexit, you talked about the

amount of money he is putting aside

0:21:250:21:28

for a rainy day in case things don't

go according to plan. Today he

0:21:280:21:33

seemed to spend a lot of that money.

He is trying to help the younger

0:21:330:21:36

generation, as you say, with those

tax cuts with buying a house. A bit

0:21:360:21:41

more money to the health service, a

bit more money for welfare,

0:21:410:21:45

something upsetting many have his

own MPs. But it is the broader

0:21:450:21:49

picture which is most alarming for

people listening to this. We talked

0:21:490:21:55

about growth figures... Some

statistics... The worst, weakest for

0:21:550:22:00

Casper UK economic growth since

1983, and you may remember previous

0:22:000:22:05

governments and other governments

are about balancing books to make

0:22:050:22:07

sure we don't spend more than we

bring in. That was bad to happen

0:22:070:22:10

some years ago. It now might not

have been getting into surplus until

0:22:100:22:14

2030. This is a long-term problem

for the UK.

0:22:140:22:19

We live in a world that is terribly

polarised, and have been saying that

0:22:190:22:23

in the past year. Does a budget like

this have any impact politically on

0:22:230:22:29

people's opinions of the economy

heading into the Brexit period?

0:22:290:22:33

It is difficult to say and I think

most people felt Philip Hammond

0:22:330:22:37

today had to steady the ship and not

do anything that was going to be a

0:22:370:22:43

problem for him personally, and for

the party, and the last few budgets

0:22:430:22:47

under various chancellors have been

what you could only describe as

0:22:470:22:50

clock ups, which have gone wrong

taking on headlines for the wrong

0:22:500:22:54

reason and many thinking this is

time to get to an offer it to a few

0:22:540:22:59

people but there are still some... I

have been speaking to former Cabinet

0:22:590:23:02

ministers on the Brexit side of the

argument... They say, everyone is

0:23:020:23:06

being too gloomy and these forecasts

from an independent source but they

0:23:060:23:09

still say they are being too gloomy

and once we see the opportunities,

0:23:090:23:13

growth will be better than that, and

the economists have got it all

0:23:130:23:17

wrong. That is what they say.

Thank you very much. People on both

0:23:170:23:22

sides of the Atlantic spend a lot of

time debating economic figures and

0:23:220:23:26

statistics, and there seem to be as

many others around as you care to

0:23:260:23:30

choose from. Isn't this the picture

of pure joy?

0:23:300:23:36

The good old days.

0:23:360:23:37

Thanksgiving, a time to share

a delicious family meal.

0:23:370:23:39

So what's changed?

0:23:390:23:40

Hosting the annual festive dinner

seems to be the source

0:23:400:23:42

of anxiety for some Americans.

0:23:430:23:45

One suggestion is because they're

out of the habit of hosting.

0:23:450:23:49

This graph sums it up.

0:23:490:23:51

Notice the decline in the number

of people holding dinner parties

0:23:510:24:00

in their homes over the years.

0:24:000:24:05

Like a gravy ladle, downhill. Are

you going tomorrow? You should tell

0:24:050:24:10

us you will not be with us, happy

Thanksgiving to you and the team in

0:24:100:24:14

America.

You should take the day off as well,

0:24:140:24:17

Christian.

I/O holding the fort because I must

0:24:170:24:20

muddle through. Where are you going?

I am going to a French family,

0:24:200:24:25

friends of mine who have lived here

for many years and are hosting

0:24:250:24:28

Thanksgiving. I am cooking a desert

and you'll be glad to hear that I

0:24:280:24:32

will leave the supermarket, do my

shopping, go home, cook pudding... I

0:24:320:24:38

am not cooking apple pie, pumpkin

pie or pecan pie but meringues.

0:24:380:24:43

So the guilt and anger you are

feeling for eating all day tomorrow

0:24:430:24:48

has...

None at all, fine.

0:24:480:24:50

A little bird told me it has spurred

you to go tomorrow on Turkey Trot. I

0:24:500:24:56

thought this was...

A Trot is the appropriate word.

0:24:560:25:02

What is this? Five kilometres? A

five kilometre thing?

0:25:020:25:07

Not a gash, a Trot, Christian. A

tradition in America, every town

0:25:070:25:14

holds one. You run five kilometres

or in my case, trotting five

0:25:140:25:17

kilometres around the bottom of the

capital, and my kids are home from

0:25:170:25:21

college so all six of us will go

down to the capital and run or walk

0:25:210:25:25

for five conductors.

You read the small print in the

0:25:250:25:28

rules that you must go and fancy

dress. I have been looking... K, our

0:25:280:25:32

producer, has got to this outfit...

How does this look for tomorrow? --

0:25:320:25:38

Kate, our producer.

Kate will be there and that will be

0:25:380:25:40

you.

Send us pictures.

0:25:400:25:46

This is Beyond 100 Days on the BBC.

0:25:460:25:48

Coming up for viewers on the BBC

News Channel and BBC World News:

0:25:480:25:51

Calls for the authorites

to investigate the massive Uber hack

0:25:510:25:53

which the company has just got

around to revealing.

0:25:530:25:55

And a hero's welcome

for Emmerson Mnangagwa,

0:25:550:25:57

the man likely to replace Mugabe,

as he returns to Zimbabwe.

0:25:570:26:00

That's still to come.

0:26:000:26:05

Hello there.

0:26:050:26:07

By the end of the night it's

going to be a different sort

0:26:070:26:10

of hazard across the far north

of the UK, but for this

0:26:100:26:13

evening the rain is still

continuing in many areas.

0:26:130:26:15

After that we have got a very gusty

set of winds driving their wake

0:26:150:26:19

eastwards across England.

0:26:190:26:20

The rain has lead to flooding.

0:26:200:26:23

It has been particularly wet around

Cumbria, host to 100mm

0:26:230:26:25

of rain falling to date.

0:26:260:26:28

Over the hills that rain has just

been stuck in the same sort of place

0:26:280:26:31

earlier on in the day.

0:26:310:26:32

Things will move on a little bit

overnight, but across Cumbria it

0:26:320:26:35

will stay wet for most of the night.

0:26:350:26:37

There's the squally winds,

the gusty winds that are driving

0:26:370:26:40

eastwards across England.

0:26:400:26:42

Things then tend to

combine a little bit.

0:26:420:26:45

Most of that wet weather goes away

from England and Wales,

0:26:450:26:48

but further north we are starting

to introduce that colder are.

0:26:480:26:53

Here the winds are lighter,

so as the rain turns heavier,

0:26:530:26:56

we are going to see it turning

to snow as well.

0:26:560:26:59

That is the hazard

we need to focus on.

0:26:590:27:01

Particularly across the northern

half of Scotland for

0:27:010:27:03

the Thursday morning, that is.

0:27:030:27:04

Into the rush hour,

into the morning...

0:27:040:27:06

You will get some snow at lower

levels, two or five centimetres.

0:27:060:27:08

Most of the snow over

the hills and Highland

0:27:080:27:11

and Grampian 10cm, possibly

even more than that.

0:27:110:27:13

The heaviest of the snow,

the more persistent snow will tend

0:27:130:27:15

to push away north-eastwards,

but the showers come packing

0:27:150:27:17

in behind that and the wind starts

to pick up across northern Ireland,

0:27:170:27:20

pushing some showers back

into the north-west of England.

0:27:200:27:23

But not the persistent rain

we had today, mind you.

0:27:230:27:25

Many other parts of England

and Wales starting off break.

0:27:250:27:27

We will see the winds

tending to change direction

0:27:270:27:30

to more of a westerly.

0:27:300:27:31

It will be a windy day but probably

not as windy as it has been today.

0:27:310:27:35

Some more showery pictures

developing across the

0:27:350:27:36

northern half of the UK.

0:27:360:27:38

Again we will find

some sleet and snow.

0:27:380:27:39

Most of it in the afternoon

of higher ground in Scotland

0:27:390:27:42

and Northern Ireland.

0:27:420:27:43

South across the UK,

still not bad temperatures,

0:27:430:27:45

13 or 14 Celsius.

0:27:450:27:51

The last of any warmth,

if you want to call it that.

0:27:510:27:54

Further north temperatures

are six or seven Celsius.

0:27:540:27:56

We have got that westerly wind,

and that colder wind

0:27:560:27:58

will push its way down

across the whole of the UK

0:27:580:28:01

by the end of the week,

just in time for the weekend.

0:28:010:28:04

It means Friday will be

a chilly day, maybe a touch

0:28:040:28:07

of frost from the Midlands,

Wales, northwards.

0:28:070:28:10

Wintry showers again for Scotland

and Northern Ireland,

0:28:100:28:12

and a few showers further south.

0:28:120:28:14

The weather may well

have a little bit more cloud.

0:28:140:28:16

You will notice even

across southern part of the UK

0:28:160:28:19

temperatures will be lower,

at eight or nine Celsius.

0:28:190:28:21

Some wintry showers

into the weekend.

0:28:210:28:25

This is Beyond 100 Days, with me,

Katty Kay, in Washington,

0:30:080:30:10

and Christian Fraser in London.

0:30:110:30:12

Our top stories - Ratko Mladic,

the former Bosnian

0:30:120:30:14

Serb army commander, is found

guilty of genocide.

0:30:140:30:17

The UN tribunal said his crimes

ranked among the most

0:30:170:30:19

heinous known to mankind.

0:30:190:30:20

He called the judges liars.

0:30:200:30:27

An ecstatic welcome

for Emmerson Mnangagwa

0:30:270:30:29

on his return to Zimbabwe.

0:30:290:30:31

He'll be sworn in as

President on Friday.

0:30:310:30:35

Coming up in the next half hour -

0:30:370:30:39

the United States accuses

Myanmar of ethnic cleansing

0:30:390:30:41

against the Rohingya.

0:30:410:30:42

We talk to David Miliband

about the growing refugee crisis.

0:30:420:30:51

The flow of people out of Myanmar is

continuing, so the ethnic cleansing

0:30:510:30:56

is continuing. And the tragedy is,

for five weeks ago, the Secretary

0:30:560:31:01

General of the UN called it ethnic

cleansing, but it still hasn't

0:31:010:31:03

stopped.

0:31:030:31:04

History and art have

collided on a giant canvas

0:31:040:31:06

here in Washington.

0:31:060:31:07

The civil war is the backdrop

for issues still being

0:31:070:31:09

hotly debated today.

0:31:100:31:11

Let us know your thoughts

by using the hashtag #Beyond100Days.

0:31:110:31:16

This was the first day in 37 years

that Zimababwe faced a future

0:31:210:31:24

without Robert Mugabe.

0:31:240:31:26

After his resignation yesterday,

former vice president

0:31:260:31:29

Emmmerson Mnangagwa has returned

to the country and will serve

0:31:290:31:31

as interim President

until elections next year.

0:31:310:31:34

He is expected to be

sworn in on Friday.

0:31:340:31:37

Mugabe fired Mnangagwa

two weeks ago.

0:31:370:31:40

Until that point, he had served

as Mugabe's right-hand man.

0:31:400:31:43

He is more of a reformer but to many

Zimbabweans perhaps more feared

0:31:430:31:46

than the leader he replaces.

0:31:470:31:49

He is nicknamed The Crocodile.

0:31:490:31:51

From Harare, our Africa editor

Fergal Keane reports.

0:31:510:31:56

The Crocodile is coming.

0:31:560:32:00

All day they waited

for Emmerson Mnangagwa,

0:32:010:32:03

he of the legendary ruthlessness,

reinvented now as

0:32:030:32:05

an apostle of liberty.

0:32:050:32:09

They were the happy and the hopeful.

0:32:090:32:12

This MP was cast out

by Robert Mugabe.

0:32:120:32:14

Now his faction is triumphant.

0:32:140:32:16

The country is pleased.

0:32:160:32:17

It's all about the people.

0:32:170:32:18

If the people are happy, I'm happy.

0:32:180:32:20

We did this for the people.

0:32:200:32:21

The people did this.

0:32:210:32:22

But there were reminders

of Mr Emmerson Mnangagwa's

0:32:220:32:25

more sinister legacy.

0:32:250:32:27

This is the air marshal

Perence Shiri, who led the notorious

0:32:270:32:29

Fifth Brigade during massacres

in Matabeleland soon

0:32:290:32:31

after independence.

0:32:310:32:33

How do you feel today,

General Shiri?

0:32:330:32:35

I don't know.

0:32:350:32:36

Have you anything to say?

0:32:360:32:38

Are you happy?

0:32:380:32:41

He's a close ally

of the new president.

0:32:410:32:43

What is very clear to me

is that this is a welcoming party

0:32:430:32:46

not made up of old Zimbabweans

but very much hard-core

0:32:460:32:49

ruling party supporters.

0:32:490:32:53

They celebrate together,

but the ruling party

0:32:530:32:55

is no longer a monolith.

0:32:550:32:58

There are factions within factions,

and loyalty to the new leader

0:32:580:33:00

will be dependent on him

delivering change.

0:33:000:33:05

Now, let me ask you, if this

president doesn't meet your needs,

0:33:050:33:07

will you challenge him?

0:33:080:33:10

Everyone now is very awake.

0:33:100:33:12

If he doesn't do what we want,

we're going to take him down again.

0:33:120:33:16

We are not scared.

0:33:160:33:19

You're telling me this at the party

headquarters of Zanu-PF,

0:33:190:33:22

so that is a real sign of change

for this country.

0:33:220:33:24

Yes!

0:33:240:33:25

Everyone is now very, very awake.

0:33:250:33:29

These are days of questions.

0:33:290:33:33

Where are the deposed

Robert Mugabe and his wife Grace?

0:33:330:33:35

The military isn't saying.

0:33:350:33:36

Will the new leader

bring the opposition

0:33:360:33:38

into a unity Government?

0:33:380:33:39

One leading activist told me

the international community now had

0:33:390:33:41

to engage with Zimbabwe.

0:33:410:33:45

Well, we expect the international

community to be our underwriters

0:33:450:33:50

and guarantors, to be making sure

that there is the holding

0:33:500:33:53

of credible, legitimate,

free and fair elections.

0:33:530:33:58

Within the last hour,

he arrived at his party

0:33:580:34:00

headquarters, and promised to be

the people's servant.

0:34:000:34:07

We want to grow our economy.

Yes!

0:34:070:34:09

We want peace in our country.

Yes!

0:34:090:34:11

We want jobs, jobs, jobs.

0:34:110:34:17

The task is huge and

the expectations are great.

0:34:170:34:21

Fergal Keane, BBC News, Harare.

0:34:210:34:31

He spoke mostly in English, but then

at the end of the speech, he

0:34:330:34:36

switched languages. In the quote

that Ben Brown gave us was, the dogs

0:34:360:34:44

can keep on barking while the train

keeps on rolling. He was saying that

0:34:440:34:46

is the sort of energy used to hear

when Robert Mugabe was around, so

0:34:460:34:49

one to watch.

0:34:490:34:51

The United States said today

that Myanmar is guilty

0:34:510:34:53

of ethnic cleansing.

0:34:530:35:00

60,000 Rohingya Muslims

have been forced to flee

0:35:000:35:02

the country since August.

0:35:020:35:03

The state department says some

"horrendous atrocities"

0:35:030:35:05

have been carried out.

0:35:050:35:06

And as we have been showing

you in recent week it's created one

0:35:060:35:09

of the world's worst refugee crises

- with people pouring

0:35:090:35:12

into Bangladesh - already one

of the world's poorest countries.

0:35:120:35:14

The Rohingya are adding

to a staggering total.

0:35:140:35:16

There are currently

more displaced people

0:35:160:35:17

in the world than ever before.

0:35:170:35:19

More than half of them come

from just three countries -

0:35:190:35:21

Afghanistan, Somalia and Syria.

0:35:210:35:22

The need for help is enormous

but so is the reluctance

0:35:220:35:25

to open doors to refugees.

0:35:250:35:26

Is this a problem

that can be solved?

0:35:260:35:28

I spoke to David Miliband, President

of the International Rescue

0:35:280:35:31

Committee, and author

of a new book, Rescue.

0:35:310:35:34

David Miliband, I imagine you

welcome the US state department

0:35:340:35:37

saying that this is ethnic cleansing

in Myanmar. Doesn't make any

0:35:370:35:42

practical difference for the range

of Muslims?

The real test is not

0:35:420:35:48

whether or not because something

ethnic cleansing, it is whether or

0:35:480:35:51

not there is any action to stop it.

And we now know that there are

0:35:510:35:56

800,000 Muslims who have been driven

out of Myanmar into neighbouring

0:35:560:35:59

Bangladesh. There are maybe 200,000

or 300,000 left, and all of our

0:35:590:36:05

information from the ground is that

the flow of people out of Myanmar is

0:36:050:36:11

continuing. So the ethnic cleansing

is continuing, and the tragedy is

0:36:110:36:16

that for five weeks ago, the

Secretary General of the UN called

0:36:160:36:18

it ethnic cleansing, and it still

hasn't stopped. And that is what we

0:36:180:36:22

need to see action to tackle.

The

range of Muslims join millions of

0:36:220:36:27

other refugees in the world, as is

the premise of your book, and you

0:36:270:36:30

say that as helping refugees, we

rescue ourselves. But a lot of

0:36:300:36:38

people do not buy that argument, do

you?

You are right that there is a

0:36:380:36:43

lot of fear, but for every person I

find who is fearful of refugees in

0:36:430:36:48

the US, somebody else wants to stand

up and say, this is an important

0:36:480:36:51

part of our heritage and history,

that we defend the most vulnerable

0:36:510:36:54

in the world. I have just been in

London and Brussels, and there is

0:36:540:36:58

fear in some quarters, but there is

also a recognition that refugees on

0:36:580:37:03

the have rights around the world

because of Western leadership after

0:37:030:37:06

the Second World War, to the extent

that we trashed the rights of

0:37:060:37:10

refugees, we trust our own history.

The message of my book is that the

0:37:100:37:15

refugee crisis is actually

manageable, not insoluble, if we

0:37:150:37:18

take the right policy decisions, not

just an idealistic way about solving

0:37:180:37:22

conflicts but also addressing the

human tearing crisis of what the

0:37:220:37:26

Rohingya are a part. Because what I

have learnt in the format years I

0:37:260:37:30

have been doing this job is that

this becomes stability.

Looking at

0:37:300:37:37

the politics of Germany, Britain and

France, and as you mention of the

0:37:370:37:40

United States, you are just ignoring

the political reality, and you, that

0:37:400:37:45

people have had enough of opening

their doors to refugees?

I am making

0:37:450:37:50

the point that our choice is either

to have managed, regulated dignified

0:37:500:37:55

treatment of people on the move, or

unregulated flows of people where

0:37:550:37:59

the winners are the people

smugglers, and it is that choice

0:37:590:38:04

between a coherent and planned

approach to refugees and migrants

0:38:040:38:08

and an unplanned, illegal

undocumented flow that Europe is

0:38:080:38:11

grappling with today. Because the

truth about the situation in Europe,

0:38:110:38:14

to take that as an example, is that

Europe ignored the problem in 2013

0:38:140:38:18

and 2014, and then it exploded on

its shores and 2015. It is still

0:38:180:38:23

playing catch up at developing the

end of entry X systems that track

0:38:230:38:27

people to deliver planned

resettlement for those who need it

0:38:270:38:30

and make sure that borders are

properly managed in the interests of

0:38:300:38:33

people in host communities.

Countries like Afghanistan, Syria,

0:38:330:38:39

Iraq with the biggest refugee

problems, you see pictures of

0:38:390:38:43

President Assad being embraced by

President Putin, doesn't it make you

0:38:430:38:48

wonder why some of the people

causing these problems, if they have

0:38:480:38:53

a powerful backer, act pretty much

with impunity?

You are making a key

0:38:530:38:58

point. The descent into hell of

places like Sarah, where

0:38:580:39:02

international humanitarian law is

absolutely meaningless. Eats IRC

0:39:020:39:07

hospitals were bombed in Syria last

year. -- Eight. The ultimate source

0:39:070:39:16

of this is found in the failure of

politics, but while it takes

0:39:160:39:20

politics to stop the killing, we

need more effective humanitarian

0:39:200:39:26

action to stop the dying. We know

that in places like Yemen and

0:39:260:39:30

Bangladesh, rates of child

malnutrition have skyrocketed

0:39:300:39:34

because the humanitarian concerns

are not being properly addressed. I

0:39:340:39:38

don't think we should get into a

false toys between, on the one hand

0:39:380:39:41

trying to address the political

circumstances that are causing these

0:39:410:39:45

wars, and on the other hand

addressing the gym and saving

0:39:450:39:48

crises. The truth is we have to do

both, and places like grandma and

0:39:480:39:55

Yemen are key examples of that. --

Myanmar and Yemen.

IQ for joining

0:39:550:40:01

us, David Miliband.

0:40:010:40:06

This must be a frustrating time for

people like David Miliband, trying

0:40:060:40:14

to help refugees in the appetite for

doing so is diminishing around the

0:40:140:40:18

world. Look at what is happening in

Yemen, it has a tacit powerful

0:40:180:40:23

backer in the United States that is

refuelling Saudi aircraft as they go

0:40:230:40:29

and bomb people in Yemen, and the

civilian toll is rising enormously,

0:40:290:40:32

so that I about people having

backing and then getting away with

0:40:320:40:36

it is not just happening with

Russians.

But as you indicated in

0:40:360:40:41

that last question, maybe the

problem is closer to home, when he

0:40:410:40:44

is sitting in New York. As long as

the T5 support some of these

0:40:440:40:48

countries, Russia yesterday voted

down the UN plan to carry on the

0:40:480:40:55

investigation into war crimes in

Syria, they voted down twice. You

0:40:550:41:00

always get the scum of the message

like the one today with Mladic being

0:41:000:41:04

sentenced, but people with... We

have pictures off President Putin

0:41:040:41:13

meeting with the Iranian president,

and also the Turkish president was

0:41:130:41:20

in Russia today as well. And the

three of them are sort of talking

0:41:200:41:26

about the piece, and one of the

things they have come as a People's

0:41:260:41:29

Congress in Syria. It goes back to

the point that Assad is still part

0:41:290:41:35

of the solution. -- the peace.

The

message out of that meeting, those

0:41:350:41:39

three readers is that everybody has

to compromise. Let's see how that

0:41:390:41:44

goes down with the Syrian

opposition. -- leaders. We have been

0:41:440:41:49

meeting in Saudi Arabia at the same

time, we are suggesting there are

0:41:490:41:52

not ready to compromise while Assad

is still there.

0:41:520:41:56

When the President gets back

from his Thanksgiving break,

0:41:560:41:59

one of the biggest things

in his in-tray will be tax reform -

0:41:590:42:02

and getting it through Congress.

0:42:020:42:03

It is still touch and go.

0:42:030:42:05

Nonetheless, the markets seems

to think it will get done,

0:42:050:42:07

judging by this week's trading.

0:42:070:42:08

Something the President

was keen to flag up again

0:42:080:42:11

on Twitter this morning.

0:42:110:42:12

"Stock Market hit new

Record High yesterday."

0:42:120:42:14

"Many companies coming

back to the US."

0:42:140:42:19

Meanwhile, stock markets

here in London have been reacting

0:42:190:42:22

to the Budget announcement.

0:42:220:42:23

This shows the FTSE 100

over today's trading,

0:42:230:42:25

where it finished seven points

higher after fluctuating

0:42:250:42:27

following the speech

shortly after midday.

0:42:270:42:32

Joining us now is our keen

Beyond 100 Days markets

0:42:320:42:34

watcher Scott Shellady,

aka The Cow Man.

0:42:340:42:37

Scott, good to see you back.

0:42:370:42:44

You came over here when Brexit

started to unfold, investment

0:42:440:42:48

opportunities. How do you think it

is going?

It is easier to complain

0:42:480:42:53

about Brexit right now than it is to

back it because many things still

0:42:530:42:56

needs to get done comedy can argue

that the Government has been

0:42:560:42:59

handling them directly. But at the

end of the day, it is hard enough

0:42:590:43:03

being British with the problems in

this country, but at the same time,

0:43:030:43:05

you then wants to be saddled with

the problems of Spain? There's a lot

0:43:050:43:14

going on, and it is nice to say that

at some point in time, it does not

0:43:140:43:19

have to bother us as much.

You focus

on the problems in Europe, saying it

0:43:190:43:25

is not all rosy on the other side.

That is because we do have a special

0:43:250:43:30

relationship between Britain and the

US. You can see what our stock

0:43:300:43:33

markets have done, and I think the

viewers should also know that just

0:43:330:43:36

because Trump talks about how high

the stock market is, that is a bait

0:43:360:43:41

and switch that has been going on

now with both of our governments

0:43:410:43:44

about trying to let us know as an

electorate that a high stock market

0:43:440:43:48

equals a great economy, that is

absolutely not the case. So we have

0:43:480:43:53

got unemployment around 40%.

Donald

Trump continually points to this,

0:43:530:44:01

the upward trend since he came to

power. It is upwards. But if you

0:44:010:44:07

compare that to the FTSE 100, you

have got the dip in February last

0:44:070:44:17

year when David Cameron came back

out a deal, and then another dip

0:44:170:44:20

when Brexit happened. But the

pattern generally is the same.

Lower

0:44:200:44:26

left to right, because we do not

have any more volatility in the

0:44:260:44:28

market. The central banks have

flooded the market with cash. That

0:44:280:44:35

has given the investors and people

at home on the idea that there is no

0:44:350:44:38

more volatility. Bad things are

happening, the risk of nuclear war,

0:44:380:44:42

Brexit, other things happening in

Europe, Angela Merkel, Saudi Arabia,

0:44:420:44:45

we have just mentioned a bunch of

things. So all those things are

0:44:450:44:50

proving not to be very volatile, and

because they are not volatile,

0:44:500:44:53

people get comfortable on the take

more risks. And nothing happens and

0:44:530:44:57

they take even more risks. At some

point, that will unwind, but I am

0:44:570:45:01

not talking about that.

Scott, you

are here to carry on pumping money

0:45:010:45:11

into the markets, which is what

every single best I speak to is

0:45:110:45:14

doing. And as you say, this is to be

an incredible disconnect between

0:45:140:45:20

markets worldwide, soaring, and

political instability around the

0:45:200:45:22

world, but something else, low

growth around the world as well. At

0:45:220:45:27

what point do markets say, hold on,

we are not doing macro factors any

0:45:270:45:31

more?

They have not said they are

worried about nuclear war, the have

0:45:310:45:38

not had a bigger pick-up and we

have, I cannot believe it. And now

0:45:380:45:41

we have a situation like today, the

Budget of this downgrading the

0:45:410:45:47

growth prospects was huge. And I

still cannot believe it is not

0:45:470:45:51

getting more press. -- Budget

office. We are not allowed to dock

0:45:510:45:55

about these unanswerable questions,

the 5.5 trillion. Plumbing the

0:45:550:46:00

depths of unemployment, everybody

has got a job apparently. But

0:46:000:46:03

everybody has got a job, what are we

making? That has got to be a

0:46:030:46:08

problem, we cannot talk about these,

we have to talk about how high the

0:46:080:46:11

stock market is. Pinning your horse

to the stock market, there are bad

0:46:110:46:15

days we do not need to remind people

about. Ronald Reagan didn't talk

0:46:150:46:19

about the stock market, but Donald

Trump is, so we'll see how that

0:46:190:46:23

works out for him.

The bad days were

not all that long ago. Thanks for

0:46:230:46:30

joining us. Some of us are young

enough to remember 2008.

0:46:300:46:40

This is Beyond 100 Days.

0:46:400:46:41

Still to come - Uber

is coming under fire

0:46:410:46:43

after a massive security breach.

0:46:440:46:45

But it's more about the cover

up than the crime.

0:46:450:46:47

More money has been promised

for the health service

0:46:510:46:53

in the Chancellor's Budget,

nearly three billion pounds over

0:46:530:46:55

three years for the NHS in England.

0:46:550:46:57

But some say the money isn't

enough and longer waits

0:46:570:46:59

for patients seem unavoidable.

0:46:590:47:00

Our health editor Hugh Pym reports.

0:47:000:47:03

The neonatal intensive care unit

at Birmingham Women's Hospital.

0:47:030:47:06

Here, they have a clear view

of what future generations

0:47:060:47:08

will need from the NHS.

0:47:090:47:11

The chief executive says

the Chancellor's new funding falls

0:47:110:47:13

short of what is required.

0:47:130:47:20

She told me the money

for this winter has come too late.

0:47:200:47:23

It's very difficult to think

what we can do now.

0:47:230:47:25

The only thing we could really try

is to get additional

0:47:250:47:28

locum staff or to pay

existing staff overtime,

0:47:280:47:30

but it's the same pool

that we are asking to do

0:47:300:47:33

extra work all the time.

0:47:330:47:34

NHS England had called

for a major fudging increase.

0:47:340:47:36

The Budget deal falls short of that.

0:47:360:47:38

Health commentators said it was

a step in the right direction.

0:47:380:47:40

It's less than we need,

but it's more than we expected.

0:47:400:47:43

There are huge challenges

are lie on the front line,

0:47:430:47:45

not just for acute hospitals

but also for mental health,

0:47:450:47:48

community and ambulance services.

0:47:480:47:52

NHS employers say the Government's

pay cap policy has made it

0:47:520:47:55

increasingly difficult to recruit

and retain staff.

0:47:550:47:58

Significantly, today,

the Chancellor said he would find

0:47:580:48:01

the extra money to cover any wage

increase recommended

0:48:010:48:04

by the independent pay review body.

0:48:040:48:08

These nurses told me

they had something to look

0:48:080:48:10

forward to after many years

of pay restraint.

0:48:100:48:14

It's massive, financially.

0:48:140:48:15

We struggle every month.

0:48:150:48:20

Every month, you're

in your overdraft.

0:48:200:48:22

It's very positive, but I just worry

that it still leaves some

0:48:220:48:25

uncertainty about what it means

for the future, how much

0:48:250:48:28

the pay rise will be.

0:48:280:48:29

The trust running this hospital has

got new Budget funding

0:48:290:48:32

to expand its A&E unit,

but a senior NHS England official

0:48:320:48:34

has said the Chancellor hasn't

plugged all the funding gaps.

0:48:340:48:39

Longer waiting times for care

are now unavoidable,

0:48:390:48:41

which is worrying.

0:48:410:48:42

Hugh Pym, BBC News, Birmingham.

0:48:420:48:47

Is the era of privacy over?

0:48:550:48:57

Can you no longer realistically

expect to protect your

0:48:570:48:59

personal information?

0:48:590:49:01

That's the question facing

57 million users and drivers of Uber

0:49:010:49:03

today after it was revealed

the company concealed

0:49:030:49:06

a massive hack last year.

0:49:060:49:09

The hackers found millions

of names, email addresses

0:49:090:49:11

and mobile phone numbers

and exposed the licence details

0:49:110:49:15

of 600,000 drivers.

0:49:150:49:17

Uber paid the hackers

$100,000 to delete the data.

0:49:170:49:21

The company's chief security

officer, Joe Sullivan,

0:49:210:49:23

left the company in

the wake of the news.

0:49:230:49:27

Today, Uber - a company

already under scrutiny -

0:49:270:49:29

is in damage control trying

to explain what

0:49:290:49:31

looks like a huge cover up.

0:49:310:49:35

But realistically, this

is going to keep happening,

0:49:350:49:37

and one day, it will be your

information that's stolen.

0:49:370:49:39

What does that mean for all of us?

0:49:390:49:41

We can cross now to the BBC's

Technology correspondent

0:49:410:49:44

Dave Lee in San Francisco.

0:49:440:49:48

This was a massive breach that they

sat on for a year. What was their

0:49:480:49:52

legal obligation?

Their legal

obligation, it is just becoming

0:49:520:49:58

clear, they are supposed to, as any

company with a data breach, is

0:49:580:50:04

supposed to notify relevant

regulators around the world when a

0:50:040:50:06

big data breach has occurred. In the

US, that would be the Federal Trade

0:50:060:50:11

Commission, which today said they

are looking into the serious issues

0:50:110:50:13

raised by this Hack. In the UK, that

is the information Commissioner 's

0:50:130:50:18

office, the ICO, they said they are

investigating, and in markets around

0:50:180:50:22

the world where Uber operates,

similar scrutiny, Australia

0:50:220:50:28

investigating, the Philippines have

said they agreed to investigate as

0:50:280:50:30

well. Back in the US, senators are

calling for a special investigation

0:50:300:50:34

by the Senate into knots just the

act itself, but more importantly as

0:50:340:50:40

you mentioned, the cover-up, the

fact that they kept the seven for

0:50:400:50:43

eight year is good to be the real

criticism of Uber. This is just

0:50:430:50:49

being added to this company's

enormous list of legal worries that

0:50:490:50:52

it has right now. It is yet another

thing for this form to answer to.

0:50:520:51:01

Dave, realistically as Uber, Target,

FedEx, the reality is that at some

0:51:010:51:05

point, all of a sudden to have our

data hacked because we give it away

0:51:050:51:08

so many times a day on the internet.

It's the owners just good to be on

0:51:080:51:12

us as consumers to protect our

passwords better, car companies to

0:51:120:51:17

be able to stop hackers with some

magic cyber security wall, or

0:51:170:51:21

something?

You could have had a

password that was 100 characters

0:51:210:51:27

long, full of numbers, and it

wouldn't have protected you against

0:51:270:51:30

this Uber Hack if you are among the

57 million. I do not think the onus

0:51:300:51:34

is on consumers, it is an the

company. We are seeing a time where

0:51:340:51:46

people realise we are going to join

companies and our details will be

0:51:460:51:49

exposed. We need to think about what

details were given the first place,

0:51:490:51:54

does the company needs to know my

date of birth? It is those intricate

0:51:540:51:59

parts of data that companies seem to

gather with no abandoned whatsoever.

0:51:590:52:06

Regulators now saying, do they need

that data, and what do we have to

0:52:060:52:10

give them from a to do their

business correctly?

Thanks very

0:52:100:52:16

much. Of course, with Uber, we give

away our home addresses as well,

0:52:160:52:20

which might worry some people.

0:52:200:52:21

There's a bitter debate

in the US at the moment

0:52:210:52:23

about whether Confederate statues

should be removed from

0:52:230:52:25

southern towns and cities.

0:52:250:52:26

Some of the protests have

turned violent as they did

0:52:260:52:29

in Charlottesville,

Virginia this summer.

0:52:290:52:30

But they've also prompted

complex conversations.

0:52:300:52:31

And one man seems to

thrive on the challenge.

0:52:310:52:34

American artist Mark Bradford,

has been looking at the artistic

0:52:340:52:36

legacy of the civil war.

0:52:360:52:37

His new exhibition is at

the Hirshhorn Museum in Washington,

0:52:370:52:40

and Jane O'Brien has been to see it.

0:52:400:52:50

It spans an entire floor, a

monumental work inspired by one of

0:52:500:52:54

the most violent episodes in

America's Civil War history, the

0:52:540:52:58

Battle of Gettysburg. It is based on

the 19th-century panorama of the

0:52:580:53:04

last desperate assault by

Confederate troops, which ended in

0:53:040:53:07

victory for the Union. Mark

Radford's abstraction of the famous

0:53:070:53:12

scene urges us to re-examine what

history means today.

I think Mark's

0:53:120:53:18

project asks questions about how we

filter history, the filters about

0:53:180:53:23

through which we view history, and

questions about who gets to write

0:53:230:53:26

history. Questions about how we

might contest history of Time and

0:53:260:53:30

how its changes, no one single

narrative that tells the history,

0:53:300:53:34

whether it be a battle or an entire

country.

The 400 foot long piece is

0:53:340:53:40

a series of eight panels, consisting

of layers of paint weighing about

0:53:400:53:46

800 lb each. Radford, who at six

foot eight is an equally outsized

0:53:460:53:55

artist, likens his process to

archaeology.

What I love the most is

0:53:550:54:01

the chase. I think really these are

just my own ideas. There was a row

0:54:010:54:07

underneath, and I pulled the roll

out, and it made that. It is like a

0:54:070:54:12

trace.

The layers are scored,

ripped, and generally torn apart.

0:54:120:54:19

And I can pull this?

Yeah, pump it

up. Just pull it, like that. You

0:54:190:54:26

know when your hair needs... ? That

is all, like that.

Although

0:54:260:54:33

intentionally abstract and seemingly

random, the final work looks oddly

0:54:330:54:37

well planned and organised.

I think

Mark is one of the most important

0:54:370:54:42

artists working today. He is very

practice, the idea of using

0:54:420:54:45

different materials to infuse

abstraction with political and

0:54:450:54:53

social abstraction is transforming

the way we think about what painting

0:54:530:54:56

is.

The complexity of the piece

reminds us that history cannot be

0:54:560:55:00

neatly packaged. The goods is

underneath of an old and revered

0:55:000:55:04

Civil War painting suggests that

unresolved issues are never far from

0:55:040:55:09

the surface.

0:55:090:55:12

For a lot of people watching in

America at the moment, the whole

0:55:170:55:22

issue of Confederate soldiers must

seem slightly mystifying. A civil

0:55:220:55:26

war in which some people advocated

slavery, they lost, and still huge

0:55:260:55:30

monuments to some of their generals.

We are going to go down to Alabama

0:55:300:55:34

for the write more race in December,

and interestingly, in other areas of

0:55:340:55:39

the self, some of those Confederate

money was coming down. -- Uber. In

0:55:390:55:44

Alabama, they have just put up a new

one to unknown soldiers of the

0:55:440:55:48

Confederacy in Alabama. 500 people

turned up in August when the on

0:55:480:55:52

field that such, and they shot five

cannons over it, so still a huge

0:55:520:55:56

issue in Alabama and we will look at

that. S I will

0:55:560:56:00

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