30/10/2017 Inside Out London


30/10/2017

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Transcript


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Hello, I'm Sean Fletcher.

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You're watching Inside Out London.

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Here is what is coming

up on tonight's show.

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More endangered

than the giant panda.

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We meet London's last

remaining shire horse.

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There is something quintessentially

British about the shire horse

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and something very noble.

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They are the biggest

horse in the world.

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One gunshot wound

to the left flank...

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The doctors making life and death

decisions on the trauma front lines.

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The majority of the bullet is lying

in the right side of his abdomen,

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having gone through his bowel.

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I suspect there will be a lot

of other injuries in there.

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He has life-threatening

bleeding and he needs

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an operation to save his life.

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And out of the rubble -

the time capsule that

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reveals the secrets

of a pioneering hospital.

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Seeing what they have chosen

to place inside gives a sense

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of connection to the past and those

people in particular.

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When we think of endangered species,

it's usually rhinos and tigers

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being hunted to extinction

on the other side of the world

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that spring to mind.

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You probably wouldn't think

of the humble British shire horse.

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But in fact, their numbers

have now dipped below

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those of the giant panda.

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We're lucky enough to still

have a herd working here in London.

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And I had the chance

to go down and meet them.

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These horses work for a living.

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Today they are the engine that pulls

the machine that cuts

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this wildflower meadow.

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This is no ordinary

wildflower meadow, though,

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and they are no ordinary horses.

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This is Kensington Palace,

home to our future monarch,

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and these beautiful beasts

were first bred by King Henry VIII

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to be used as giant warhorses.

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A century ago, there were 1 million

of them working in this country,

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between 30 and 40,000

in London alone.

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Today the capital is left

with just one working stable.

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Operation Centaur is housed

here in Richmond Park,

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with Heath and Nobby living with six

other shire horses.

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There is something quintessentially

British about shire horse

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and something very noble.

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They are the biggest

horse in the world.

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They are very impressive when you

see them for the first time.

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Each one weighs over a tonne.

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We are trying to make working

horses like shire horses

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relevant to working in inner

cities like London.

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And we do that in a number

of different ways, we work

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on conservation, so we have

wildflower meadows, we harrow,

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we do logging in various woods.

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There's a heritage element.

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This herd of rare shire

horses are a beautiful

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and unexpected sight,

but once upon a time you would have

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seen them all over London.

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Shire horses were ubiquitous,

you could find them

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on any street corner.

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They were the sort of lorries

or white vans of the day.

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People used them to transport goods,

to unload barges from the canals,

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they were everywhere.

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Another familiar sight in any large

town is the brewery,

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whose load is carried

by a magnificent shire horses.

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They have an average working

life of eight years.

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The drivers are proud of their teams

as they drag their daily loads

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through London's streets.

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Young's brewery once used

them to deliver beer.

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They poured a load of

two and a half tonnes.

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-- pulled a load.

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Henry Coward worked

with them for 37 years.

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We had 18-20 horses.

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We had our own farrier

on board as well, so we had

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a permanent farrier.

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Horses needed new shoes quite

regularly when walking

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the streets of London,

maybe 4-5 weeks those

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shoes would last.

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We would do within a 3-5 mile

radius of the brewery.

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I suppose 30 pubs through

the course of the week.

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Would the horses have had a better

life in a field munching grass

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rather than working hard

on the streets of London?

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They were bred to work,

they are working animals.

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They enjoy doing the work

and you can see because they

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do whatever you ask.

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For me, it's better that they work

than they are stuck

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in a field all day long.

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The brewery last worked

with shires in 2006.

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They had disappeared from London's

streets long before that

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and it was all down to one thing.

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The combustion engine.

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Just before the First World War,

there was a massive change

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in London, people got rid

of their carriages and horses and

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the same went for it shire horses.

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It became cheaper to bring lorries

in and motorised vehicles in.

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After the Second World War,

shires almost completely disappeared

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off our streetscapes.

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Now they are rarer than pandas.

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Operation Centaur wants to prove

that the shire horse can

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once again be useful

in today's high-tech world.

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Nobby and Heath resemble a Constable

painting as they work

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in Kensington Palace,

but this isn't just

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about celebrating a nostalgic past.

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Surprisingly, these ancient beasts

are still better for this wildflower

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meadow than a tractor.

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When you have a tractor

on a wildflower meadow,

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it compacts the soil

and that is one of the big no nos

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for a wildflower meadow, really.

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That means that the seeds don't

germinate in the same way.

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Shire horses tread lightly.

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All the green spaces we have,

they are not big enough

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to have tractors on there.

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We don't need it and I think

the communities of these green

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spaces want to get involved.

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If you see a wildflower meadow being

cut by a tractor, nobody will stop.

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If you have a pair of shires there,

everybody wants to come

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and learn about it.

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This is really why this

is still relevant.

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It's not just about doing the job,

it's also about making this

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historical horse really very much

part of today.

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Getting a tractor to go

where you want in a wildflower

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meadow needs a bit of pedal

and steering-wheel control.

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But driving two very large

horses must be a very

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different thing altogether.

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A shire horse takes

a couple of years

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at least to train.

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At first they don't really

want to do anything

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because most things scare them,

they are a flight animal.

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They run, their main

thing is to run away from

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something.

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If you think that they weigh

a tonne, they've got all that

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chain and metal attached to them,

and if something scares them, off

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they will go.

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So how do you do it?

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You train them.

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Bit by bit they get confident,

they start to trust you.

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Shires are funny things.

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They are more like your colleagues.

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If you upset them

in the morning, they

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will be upset all day long.

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I mean, a normal horse

will forget within

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minutes but a shire one will hold

a resentment all day long, so you

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cannot upset them.

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You cannot afford to

upset them first thing.

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It was suggested that

I might like to give

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the driving a try, a couple of ropes

and an animal that didn't know me

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very well didn't exactly fill me

with confidence for what could be a

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very interesting driving lesson.

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What you do is say, walk on.

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Yeah, that's going to move with him.

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Nobby, walk on.

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Good.

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And then bring him out to the left.

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To begin with, Getty feel of his

pace.

Al Gore at his place. Now I

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will turn him.

Yes, bring him to the

right. That's it. You get a sense of

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how strong he is.

I'll bring him

round to the right.

Yes, say, come

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round, Nobby. Feel the rhythm. Try

to get the sense of rhythm in his

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walk.

Brilliant, well done. Nobby,

stop. Brilliant. Thank you, Nobby!

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After a day spent with Nobby and

these other beautiful horses, you

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cannot help but fall in love with

them and hope that something can be

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done to ensure their long-term

survival. The good news is that

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Operation Centaur believe they can

be made yourself once again on a

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larger scale.

Working horses are the

solution to the decline because in

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their breeding programme you need to

have a purpose. Why are we reading

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back with three horses? They need

jobs. That is what we need to

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convince people. We need to convince

people that they can work in cities

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like London. No reason why local

councils cannot look at how they

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provide land management services and

include shire horses. It makes

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sense.

What a wonderful thought. A

rare and often forgotten very

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English animal not only saved but

potentially increased, not just for

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the good of the animal but our

benefit. They were truly amazing

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animals. It was a bit of privilege

getting to know them. Still to come

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on tonight's so. --'s show.

Sony

putting a lot be demolished to make

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room for High Speed Two. Before it

is gone forever, I want to find out

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more about this fascinating it

condemned part of London's history.

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-- fascinating yet condemned.

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Knife crime in the capital has

surged by almost a third in the past

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year, just one of the factors

putting more pressure on the doctors

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and nurses in our front-line

emergency teams.

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Our reporter has been given

unprecedented access to

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the resuscitation unit at the one

London Hospital in Whitechapel.

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He found out how this major trauma

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centre is facing the challenges

of an unrelenting stream of life or

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death cases.

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It's just gone midnight.

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A young man has been shot.

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So we'll get him across

and get the handover.

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He is Friday's first arrival.

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He had been left with serious wounds

by friends at another hospital.

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The A&E register phoned me

and they have got him,

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he'd been brought in I think

by his friends.

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He has been shot in the left flank.

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With the young man

come the armed police.

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They always do when

somebody has been shot.

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OK, just to give the handover

when you're ready, please.

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He has one gunshot wound

to the left flank.

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No exit wound.

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He is stable.

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He has been given ten morphine...

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As the patient is prepared

for a scan, the police prepare

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to cover the entrances

to the scanning room.

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That goes into the corridor there.

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They are here to stop his attackers

trying again and to protect

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the staff trying to save him.

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Just keep still.

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We are going to do

everything for you.

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Half way across.

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Slide.

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Ready, slide.

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The bullet is in his stomach.

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It has pierced his bowels

and he will need surgery.

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He's got an entry wound on the left

side of his body, his flank,

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and the majority of the bullet

is lying on the right

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side of his abdomen.

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Having gone through his

bowel and several other

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structures on the way there.

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He has a belly full of blood,

bleeding from his bowel and possibly

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from other structures,

he's got some gas that has escaped

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escaped from his bowel,

but I suspect there

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will be a lot of other

injuries in there.

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The bullet has gone right

across from one side to the other.

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So he's got life-threatening

bleeding and we need

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an operation to save his life.

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As the scan is completed

and the police continue to stand

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guard, the on-call trauma surgeon

is put in from home.

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Four floors up, they begin

preparations for the operation.

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They don't go in straight

lines, bullets.

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To be honest, we will be

going inside his abdomen

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in the next few minutes to be able

to see everything that has gone on.

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The Royal London will see around 100

gunshot victims a year

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and around 700 stab victims.

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It's our job to fix people

who are injured and there are all

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sorts of reasons why

people get injured.

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From being crushed by buses, shot,

all of them are part

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of society's problems.

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Essentially, that's

what we are here for.

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Yes, it's a terrible thing

to happen to somebody,

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it scars them and their family

for life and it's an indictment

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of the society we have found

ourselves in that this is coming

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into the UK now.

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Just over one hour later,

the operation is over.

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The man's bowel is repaired.

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He will be moved to intensive care.

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Open your mouth, sir.

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Stick your tongue out.

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Back downstairs in resus, it's time

for the night shift to go home.

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One shift over, but they know

there is a busier one to come.

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Senior sister Alex

welcomes the troops.

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A five-minute handover at eight

o'clock that marks the start

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of the Friday night shift.

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They have come prepared.

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They know they will be

on their feet a lot.

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Hello, into resus?

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Thanks, bye.

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It's not long before

the calls start to come.

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An assaulted patient, male.

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He has been punched and kicked.

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Cardiac arrest,

completely unresponsive.

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This man has been beaten up

and knocked unconscious.

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Just got to move your legs slightly.

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An elderly man has been brought

in after falling ill at home.

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Then come the Friday regulars.

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HE GROANS

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It's 11:30pm,

a man has been stabbed.

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A three centimetre wound

to the right spinal region.

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About four centimetres

from the line.

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Watching over things

is consultant Katy in charge

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of the emergency department tonight.

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We have a young man

who has been stabbed.

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It's his upper limbs.

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He is obviously really frightened

that this has happened to him.

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He is quite vocal because of that.

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We will just have a little

look down here, OK?

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Just to make sure there is nothing

that we've missed and then we'll

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have a look at your back.

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The young man has

a number of stab wounds.

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He constantly asks the staff if he's

lost too much blood.

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If he's going to survive.

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You are not losing blood.

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It's a very small wound.

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We just need to have a scan and make

sure that everything

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is all right on the inside,

but your blood pressure is fine,

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your heart rate is fine and we're

very happy with you.

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You're going to be all right.

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With the stabbing victims

come the police again.

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They also come with the victims

of car crashes and other assaults.

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With the officers in blue,

the teams in orange from London's

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Air Ambulance,

who bring the badly injured in.

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I think the stuff we do

here is world leading

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for the wrong reasons.

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Its world leading because

unfortunately we see

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a lot of these people,

so the volume of stab victims

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that we see here through London

is just of a volume we have to be

0:15:400:15:44

efficient and able to deal

with the things that

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are presented to us.

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That is a sad thing.

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We know that quite a few people that

get stabbed get stabbed

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by someone they know.

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The random attacks are less common.

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It's usually someone they know

and there is some background to it.

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Even more sadly, we often see

people that had been

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stabbed more than once,

as in six months ago

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and now repeated again.

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They are at a much

higher risk it seems.

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It seems there is no real reason

for it most of the time.

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Abdomen stab wounds come in.

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Three stabs.

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On arrival...

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It's not unusual for them to bring

in three or four stab

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victims on a Friday night.

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It's all right.

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Another young man has been stabbed,

the second of the evening.

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Another multiple stabbing.

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Chest and abdomen, we think.

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We are more concerned

because the heart rate

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is very high, 145-150.

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It might just be because this

patient has been running

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from their assailant,

but it must also be

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because they have lost blood.

0:16:480:16:49

So that's what we need

to be concerned about.

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After a scan, the young man

is taken to intensive care.

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He will survive.

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PHONE RINGS

0:16:570:16:58

The phone calls keep coming.

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It's 1:30am.

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The ambulances keep arriving.

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The patients keep coming.

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Coming by air or land?

0:17:040:17:05

Land.

0:17:050:17:06

OK, all right.

0:17:060:17:12

Ah.

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We have a male trauma

gunshot to the head.

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He is the second gunshot victim seen

here in just 24 hours.

0:17:180:17:21

Hello, this one.

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The report is that he has

been shot in the head.

0:17:250:17:35

When he arrived it was 14

but he was very agitated.

0:17:350:17:38

This gentleman has been

shot to the head and,

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although he was quite awake

when the team got them,

0:17:400:17:43

he was quite agitated, very,

very swollen, sticking out eyeballs.

0:17:430:17:45

They have popped him off

to sleep and made some cuts

0:17:450:17:48

through the tendons to release

the pressure behind his eyeballs

0:17:480:17:50

just to help his eyes a bit.

0:17:500:17:52

He will have an operation later

before heading to intensive care.

0:17:520:17:54

It feels as though we've had

quite a busy evening.

0:17:540:17:57

One trauma call after the other

and none of the team has had

0:17:570:18:00

a break, it's about 3:30am now.

0:18:000:18:03

But this isn't particularly busy

and it's going to get

0:18:030:18:06

busier over the winter.

0:18:060:18:07

It could have been worse, certainly.

0:18:070:18:13

Staff like senior sister Alex

will soon be heading home.

0:18:130:18:16

More than five years after starting

here she is still going strong.

0:18:160:18:20

When you have a situation

that is really awful, we have people

0:18:200:18:26

that are in the absolute worst point

of their life, and you look

0:18:260:18:29

after them and make a difference

and sometimes that is sitting

0:18:290:18:32

with relatives or with

the patient, we do do a good

0:18:320:18:34

job and we know we do.

0:18:340:18:37

That's when you go home,

it's what makes you able to go

0:18:370:18:39

to sleep eventually.

0:18:390:18:41

And the team is the

absolute ultimate.

0:18:410:18:43

Without them, we would not be able

to do it and I certainly

0:18:430:18:46

wouldn't come back every day

after five years.

0:18:460:18:48

She will be back, as will

the rest of the team -

0:18:480:18:51

while most of London is sleeping,

they will be at their busiest.

0:18:510:18:58

For over a century,

the National Temperance Hospital

0:18:580:19:00

has stood in Euston.

0:19:000:19:01

A hospital founded on the principle

of treating patients

0:19:010:19:03

without using alcohol.

0:19:030:19:05

As it gets torn down

to make way for HS2,

0:19:050:19:09

a long-buried secret has been

discovered in the rubble.

0:19:090:19:11

We sent Dan Cruickshank

to find out more.

0:19:110:19:17

On the edge of the Regent's Park

Estate in Camden, a crumbling,

0:19:210:19:26

abandoned building -

half torn-down but with

0:19:260:19:29

a revolutionary past.

0:19:290:19:33

Soon this building will be

demolished to make way

0:19:330:19:35

for the extension to the nearby

Euston railway station.

0:19:350:19:37

The arrival of High Speed Two.

0:19:370:19:44

But before it is gone forever,

I want to find out more about this

0:19:440:19:47

fascinating yet now condemned part

of London's history.

0:19:470:19:53

Built in the late 19th century,

the National Temperance Hospital

0:19:530:19:55

was the first of its kind to ban

the widespread use of alcohol

0:19:550:19:58

as a medical treatment.

0:19:580:20:03

Behind this radical new approach

to medicine were the men and women

0:20:030:20:06

of the Temperance movement.

0:20:060:20:11

A group of teetotallers who had long

warned society of the dangers

0:20:110:20:14

of beer and spirits.

0:20:140:20:15

Doctor James Kneale is a historical

geographer from University College

0:20:150:20:17

with a particular focus

on the controversial

0:20:170:20:23

Victorian-era movement.

0:20:230:20:28

How important was this

building in the movement?

0:20:280:20:30

I think it was very important.

0:20:300:20:31

It was designed as an experiment

to prove that you could treat people

0:20:310:20:34

without giving them alcohol

and it worked.

0:20:340:20:36

It was meant to be a kind of symbol

of that attempt and to shift

0:20:360:20:39

people's thinking about it.

0:20:400:20:41

Most hospitals in London

and elsewhere in the country used

0:20:410:20:46

alcohol as a treatment for fever

or giving medicine in alcohol,

0:20:460:20:50

so it was actually something

that was probably a larger budget

0:20:500:20:52

expenditure item

than bread and milk.

0:20:520:20:57

Alcohol mixed with medicine,

so basically alcohol

0:20:570:20:59

given as a medicine?

0:20:590:21:00

That's entirely right, yes.

0:21:000:21:01

The public tended to be rather

suspicious of medicine in the middle

0:21:010:21:04

of the 19th century,

so I think the public on the whole

0:21:040:21:07

were very suspicious of the idea

that you could live your life

0:21:070:21:10

without alcohol and be

treated in hospital.

0:21:100:21:11

Yet, despite the doubts,

spent on alcohol at other hospitals

0:21:110:21:14

across the capital gradually

declined over the following decades.

0:21:140:21:17

The ethos behind the National

Temperance Hospital

0:21:170:21:19

had become mainstream.

0:21:190:21:21

And health care in Britain

would never be the same again.

0:21:210:21:27

In 1948, the hospital joined

the NHS, operating as normal

0:21:280:21:32

until its closure in 1982.

0:21:320:21:36

The space was later used

to treat torture victims

0:21:360:21:38

from around the world.

0:21:380:21:41

But it then slowly

fell into disrepair.

0:21:410:21:45

Yet in a remarkable twist of fate,

the building's destruction has

0:21:450:21:48

revealed more about the hospital

and the movement behind it

0:21:480:21:53

than we ever knew before.

0:21:530:21:54

Laura Williams was there

on when the second of two time

0:21:540:21:58

capsules was discovered

by the demolition crews.

0:21:580:22:07

-- there when.

0:22:070:22:08

Well, we're standing

on the roof of the last

0:22:080:22:11

surviving hospital building

and you were here when the second

0:22:110:22:13

time capsule was discovered.

0:22:130:22:14

Tell me about that.

0:22:140:22:15

It must've been exciting.

0:22:150:22:16

Yes, it was really exciting.

0:22:160:22:17

We had already found one,

so we had an inkling

0:22:170:22:20

that there could be a second.

0:22:200:22:24

We came along early in the morning,

a guy with the camera and a building

0:22:240:22:28

and a building archaeologist,

and we watched them lift

0:22:280:22:30

the crane really carefully.

0:22:300:22:31

Nice and easy!

0:22:310:22:32

Initially didn't really think

there was anything there but sort

0:22:320:22:34

of gradually revealed this glass

vessel that had been

0:22:340:22:37

concealed in a cavity

within the foundation stone.

0:22:370:22:44

We saw an advert for Victorian

medicine, which was quite fun.

0:22:440:22:49

Obviously, there's this weird irony

that you'd find the time capsule

0:22:490:22:52

by destroying the thing

that it is commemorating.

0:22:520:22:57

Yes, it's an implicit understanding

then that the building

0:22:570:22:59

wouldn't stand forever.

0:22:590:23:00

They had a message.

0:23:000:23:01

And they wanted the message to be

carried to eternity.

0:23:010:23:04

Yes.

0:23:040:23:05

After the discovery,

the capsules and delicate documents

0:23:050:23:07

within needed to be taken care of.

0:23:070:23:09

This was a job for conservators

and paper specialists from Museum

0:23:090:23:12

of London Archaeology.

0:23:120:23:22

Being one of the first people to be

able to see within the Time Capsule

0:23:220:23:26

was an incredible privilege.

0:23:260:23:27

Seeing what they chose to place

inside gives you a sense

0:23:270:23:30

of connection to the past

and to those people in particular.

0:23:300:23:36

As a conservator, I tend to work

with objects every day that are from

0:23:360:23:39

archaeological environments.

0:23:390:23:43

Most of these have either been lost

accidentally or they have been

0:23:430:23:46

dumped, but it's very rare

that we have the opportunity to deal

0:23:460:23:49

with things that have been

purposely placed and curated.

0:23:490:23:56

The paper was in remarkably good

condition, which is partly

0:23:560:24:01

because they have been in a dark

environment for a very long time.

0:24:010:24:05

Once the paper was cleaned

and flattened, they were placed

0:24:050:24:09

in individual sleeves so they can be

studied and handled without having

0:24:090:24:12

to touch the paper itself.

0:24:120:24:19

For some members of the local

community, the demolition of this

0:24:190:24:24

building is a sad end to an era.

Peadar Timmins to London from

0:24:240:24:29

Ireland in the 1960s to work as a

address on the work of the hospital.

0:24:290:24:36

Fora, time capsules are not... What

does a hospital mean to you?

The

0:24:360:24:45

Hospital meant everything to me for

19 years of age until last year.

0:24:450:24:50

When I saw it was not down I cried.

I actually cried. It was part of our

0:24:500:24:57

lives. And it was gone. 56 years

gone. To save 20 minutes on a train

0:24:570:25:02

journey? It's heartbreaking.

I have

a great deal of sympathy for Patsy.

0:25:020:25:08

I hate the old buildings being

demolished, particularly ones that I

0:25:080:25:13

have a personal connection with. But

with the discovery of the time

0:25:130:25:16

capsule is, a small part of the

hospital will live on. Your we have

0:25:160:25:24

a selection of objects. What will

they tell us about the temperance

0:25:240:25:28

movement?

There are three kinds of

things. The objects relating to the

0:25:280:25:33

temperance movement and those

relating to the hospital. Also

0:25:330:25:37

things like Republic of reality is,

which was set up to foster people

0:25:370:25:42

drinking coffee and not drinking.

It's fascinating, the temperance

0:25:420:25:50

pops but they would sell tea and

coffee.

Everything except the

0:25:500:25:53

alcohol.

This is amazing. It's and

astonishing graph. I'll call,

0:25:530:26:04

intoxicating liquors. -- alcohol.

The objects themselves are into

0:26:040:26:13

perfectly good condition considering

they have been in this glass jars

0:26:130:26:15

for over 100 years. Did you discover

that the movement was more

0:26:150:26:23

influential than you thought before?

Absolutely, this is a list of people

0:26:230:26:29

invited to the ceremony in 1879.

This is a impressive list of MPs. It

0:26:290:26:35

shows as the broad appeal amongst

political and religious figures

0:26:350:26:40

forward Trevor Beeson.

This is

remarkable. We're talking about

0:26:400:26:44

documents, the people, the method,

this is exactly why the put them in

0:26:440:26:49

the ground.

Yes, they were probably

hoping we would have this

0:26:490:26:53

conversation about these documents.

Perhaps the strange collection of

0:26:530:27:00

documents has encouraged us. We

couldn't have predicted this would

0:27:000:27:03

have been put away for so long.

It

makes it more intriguing.

It does.

0:27:030:27:09

It is sad to see yet another of

London's historic buildings being

0:27:090:27:13

destroyed.

A remarkable group of

people have meant that this

0:27:130:27:18

demolition tells us more about this

building then we have ever known

0:27:180:27:22

before. I'm told that there is

another Morrill Stone and the law

0:27:220:27:27

that could be a third time capital.

-- another memorial stone. We will

0:27:270:27:35

have to wait an extra to find out

about this final time capsule. --

0:27:350:27:41

and extra year to find out.

0:27:410:27:43

A third capsule, intriguing stuff.

0:27:430:27:44

We will keep you updated with any

developments in that story.

0:27:440:27:47

But that's about it for this week.

0:27:470:27:50

Before we go, let's have a look

at what is coming up next week.

0:27:500:27:54

It's not that wide, look.

0:27:540:27:55

I can touch.

0:27:550:27:56

Wow.

0:27:560:27:57

We reveal how landlords

are raking in millions by

0:27:570:27:59

renting out tiny flats

to the homeless.

0:27:590:28:01

It is one room.

0:28:010:28:02

Yes.

0:28:020:28:03

They are telling you it's a flat.

0:28:030:28:05

And the Government

is paying how much?

0:28:050:28:07

£938.

0:28:070:28:08

£938 a month for this one room.

0:28:080:28:09

As the Houses of Parliament

crumble, what will it

0:28:090:28:11

take to renovate them?

0:28:110:28:13

Every day the fabric

of this historic building

0:28:130:28:15

gets worse.

0:28:150:28:16

The problem is it is deteriorating

much quicker than it

0:28:160:28:19

can be fixed.

0:28:190:28:22

And how one man is laughing

in the face of his Parkinson's.

0:28:220:28:26

My wife is no longer my

wife, she is my carer.

0:28:260:28:31

When told her this, she said that

she doesn't care for me!

0:28:310:28:35

LAUGHTER

0:28:350:28:43

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