17/10/2011 Inside Out South East


17/10/2011

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much sewage is being released into the sea because they simply don't

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know. How a small Sussex company designed

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the fastest car in the world. also managed to be rather beautiful

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as well. And has the Turner Gallery divided Margate? We feel very

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strongly that there is no vision for the High Street at all.

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Natalie Graham with untold stories, closer to home. From all round Kent

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Hello, tonight I'm in Margate. It's the first of a brand new series and

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we kick off this week with a special investigation by Keir

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Beaches are a key part of the South East tourist industry attracting

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hundreds of thousands of people every year. And all they really

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need are two simple things: Sunshine and clean sea water. But

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what if it turned out the sea water wasn't so clean after all? In May

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of this year that's exactly what we all discovered. Water quality at a

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number of our key beaches in the South East has dropped by such a

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significant level that more than a dozen of them are less clean than

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they were deemed to be a year ago. We wanted to know why and so began

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our investigation. At the time, local councils said much of the

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problem was debris washed inland from out at sea. Whilst others

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argued it was down to pollution washed away from farms during heavy

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storms. But there's another possible cause that could be

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considered a threat to wildlife and the public. That cause is human

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sewage and it's coming from pipes like these. They're called Combined

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Sewage Overflows, or CSOs, and to explain how they work I've come to

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meet Pegwell Bay to meet Andy Cummins from the campaign group,

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Surfers Against Sewage. After periods of heavy rain we'll get

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lots of water running into the sewage system because we have a

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combined sewage system that combines run off from our roads,

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roves, patios with everything that leaves out house from the toilets

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to the sinks to the drains when that happens the sewage system that

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we have is already bursting at the seams, add in that rainwater and

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its overpowered, so the water companies employ these as emergency

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exits for raw sewage and rain water. In other words, whilst most of our

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sewage goes to treatment works like this one, during heavy rain some of

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it ends up going into our rivers and seas raw and untreated. It's a

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system inherited from the Victorians and campaign groups like

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Andy's claim getting information about exactly how much sewage is

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coming out of them has proved difficult. We've been hitting brick

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walls, both with the political system, there's been no political

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will to ask water companies to share this info and also within the

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industry itself. And Andy says that's not fair on the public

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because they should have a right to know what's going into their rivers

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and seas. There are CSOs all around the UK, discharging raw sewage all

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around the year for hours and hours on end and they deserve to be told.

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We agreed. So we got in touch with Southern Water. They're the company

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in charge of your waste water and sewage system in Kent and Sussex.

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But at first, we didn't encounter any issues over getting information.

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They readily told us they have 751 CSOs that are located in Kent,

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Sussex, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. Southern Water then said

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they'd happily send us a document telling us which CSOs went off last

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year and for how long. And this is it. Hundreds of pages of

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information. But on studying this document, we've discovered

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something quite baffling. Of the 751 CSOs we know Southern water

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have, only a third are listed on this document. We got back in touch

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with Southern Water to ask them why. And after a long e-mail exchange we

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finally established the answer. It's because they don't monitor

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them. What this means is Southern Water don't know how much sewage is

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being released into the water around our bathing beaches.

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Southern Water agreed to meet us at their multi-million pound treatment

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plant being built at Peacehaven to explain themselves. Company

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Director Geoff Loader started by telling us what they had done to

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improve the sewage system. In the last three years, something around

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150 million pounds has been invested and spent on improving

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combined sewer overflows to make them better. They might be better

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but the majority still aren't monitored. How can you make a

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judgement as to whether they are safe if you can't judge what is

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coming the heart of your own pipes? The ages he says we don't need to

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report and say exactly what is happening with the outflows. In

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other areas, we do have to report it and we do it with the

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Environment Agency to -- who monitor that. Geoff had just said

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all Combined Sewage Overflows on the coast are monitored. That

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simply isn't true. He then told us that only about 5% of what comes

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out of CSOs during storms is actually untreated human sewage.

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But that didn't sound quite right either. How have you come to this

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five % figure? It is a generalisation. You don't know it

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is five %. What I do know is it isn't for raw sewage. Of course

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that's true, but it was clear Geoff couldn't say for sure how much of

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what was coming out of these pipes was storm water and how much was

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untreated human waste. And he did admit the CSOs were having an

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impact on water quality. Do you believe that CSOs were partly due

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to the dropping water quality in the past year? I'm sure they will

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have had an effect. The amount of rain and sewage generated,

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definitely, there will be an effect. Bad weather will have an effect on

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water quality. So our next question was this: What impact is the drop

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in water quality partly caused by CSOs having on public health? For

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surfers, clean water is everything and Andy had invited us to Viking

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Bay in Broadstairs to meet some surfers that claim they've got sick

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from what you'll find in the sea. get three infections a year, upset

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stomachs... In infections, sinus infections, stomach bugs. How can

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you be sure it is because of what is in the water? Everyone goes down

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with the same illness. People may be eating in different areas, doing

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different things with their lives. The one common factor is using the

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sea after periods of heavy rain. Whatever Andy says, it's impossible

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to know sea water caused those illnesses, and even if it did, you

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can't say for sure it was human sewage that caused the infection.

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But that's not necessarily the case with Joanne Shelsher from Hove.

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Tests by her doctor revealed an infection she was carrying that

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affected her health for 18 months had come from human faeces, and she

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believes she contracted it from regularly swimming in the sea here

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at Hove. But -- the last time I went in, it had been raining, it

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was quite choppy, and we went out and had burning probes, feeding

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really sick -- burning throats. I knew it was also rich in there. --

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raw sewage. In the last year this beach has seen water quality fall

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and there is a CSO within a mile of it. But still, can we really claim

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they're causing illness? It's a question we put to the Marine

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Conservation Society who produce the Good Beach Guide. It's their

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charity that revealed water quality had fallen on 14 of the region's

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beaches including this one at Ramsgate. If it is such a risk,

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where all the sick people? A lot of them don't get reported. But is not

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information that is committed by GPs or the local health authorities.

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The charity believe CSOs are a major contributing factor to water

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quality and say the system needs to change. We need to know where all

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these CSOs are. We need to monitor it and we need to work out their

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environmental impact. That is beginning to happen. There are

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currently trials underway at ten beaches with Combined Sewage

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Overflows owned by Southern Water including Joss Bay, Botany Bay and

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Westbrook Bay. Those signing up to the scheme can get live updates of

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when CSOs are going off. But that still leaves dozens of beaches

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without a scheme in place. And go out and ask the public if they have

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any idea what's going on and you'll find the answer is a very clear no.

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Were you aware that just me here is this image over for a pipe their

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releases spirit into the sea? didn't realise that. It makes you

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wonder. How do you feel about that? Shocked. I didn't think things like

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that still happen these days. been walking along this beach for

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an hour now and everyone we spoke to said they think they should be

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given more information. Do you agree it is in the public's

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interest for you to say exactly how much sewage is being released from

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your pipes? I think people need to have an understanding of why they

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operate. So why don't you do it? we have started a programme now. We

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have stuck to the trial at 10 of barky beaches and we would look to

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expand on that. -- our key beaches. We operate in conditions for the

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licence from the Environment Agency, so they are the policing body that

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monitor us and we are given what are called consents to operate

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those. It is about time we had a word with the Environment Agency.

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Would you recommend that every CSO is monitored? They are lots of

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different priorities. We want to make sure that the ones a really

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important get monitors and that there is other investment put into

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the problems. Our investigation has led us to believe that the

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information is very hard to come by on how many CSOs there are, where

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there are releasing, when, and for how long. Surely the Environment

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Agency has a role to play in ensuring that information is more

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available. Our role is to regulate the water companies. How can you do

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that if you don't know how many CSOs are releasing for how long's

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because we regulate the way in which the structures work. Except

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that doesn't always seem to be true. Our investigation has revealed a

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final, shocking fact. Sewage treatment plants can also have

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overflow pipes that release raw sewage mixed with storm water. And

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further study of the document Southern Water had sent us revealed

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this: Between May and September last year, the overflow pipe from

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the water treatment works at Swale cliff near Tankerton beach released

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51 times for a total of more than 1,000 hours, meaning raw sewage was

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going into the sea for nearly five weeks. The Environment Agency told

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us an investigation was underway into what had happened but said the

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overflow pipe was about a mile away from the beach and so its operation

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would have only a limited impact. But still, surely that level of

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pollution isn't acceptable. No, it can't be. I don't have the specific

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details but we've got to look at that because at the end of the day

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we want to keep the record of bathing beaches meeting the

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standards, it's essential for our reputation as a company but it's

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also essential for a region that relies heavily on its beaches and

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on its tourism. With new tougher European water regulations coming

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into force in 2015 Southern Water know they've got lots of work to do

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to improve water quality. During our investigation they'd admitted

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their overflow pipes were polluting sea water and they didn't know by

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how much. But the company told us they're committed to improving, so

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now it's a case of waiting to see what water quality is like next

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Keir MacKenzie reporting there. Coming up later: Has the Turner

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Contemporary been good for Margate? I think it has been a really great

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improvement for the town. Join me Some people say the best thing ever

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to come out of Burgess Hill is the A273. But they're wrong. This town

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was once home to a company that designed a rather special car for

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legendary speed record-breaker Donald Campbell. A car called the

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Bluebird. The Bluebird Campbell Norris 7. It was so ahead of its

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time that many believe that if it ran today and could reach its top

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speed it would still be the fastest wheel-driven car in the world. It

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was said to be 50 years ahead of its time, so 50 years on, I've come

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to the National Motor Museum at Beaulieu to take a fresh look at

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the car... It is like a crunching blue tiger. Is an iconic figure.

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find out how it set a world record against all the odds And to reveal

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the modest Sussex inventors, Ken and Lou Norris, the men who made it

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all possible. They were very humble people. They never said, you can't

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do that. Donald Campbell and Bluebird became household names

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back in the early 60s, but Campbell's biographer, David

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Tremayne, thinks the Norris Brothers deserve the same kind of

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recognition. Donald Campbell is the only man in history to do to the

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water speed and the land speed in the same year. They played at such

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a key part in the event. Before the Bluebird boat and the Bluebird car

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Norris Brothers weren't known for designing vehicles. But Donald

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Campbell knew the brothers and had total faith in their engineering

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skills. So he asked them to design a record breaking boat and car.

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According to Donald Stevens, Norris Brothers project co-ordinator, it

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was typical of Ken and Lou to say We just took on anything that most

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people either could not do or would not do. From how to generate

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electricity at of the sea, to containing a very cold liquids, to

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designing things like this. So, how did the company more used to

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designing explosion prove boxes, wrapping machines and sweet factory

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components do it? It all began with a special method 10 arrests devised

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a finding solutions to complicated programs. -- problems. He called it

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morphological thought. It was a way of making a charge which every

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single possible way of doing a job would be included. -- at Chard.

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From there, you could select which way was the most practical and

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which way might perhaps give some development. You could choose all

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sorts of things. While Kenneth dealt with the aerodynamics,

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#ColourCyan oversaw the mechanics. Hugh Standing was the car's

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mechanical engineer. I design the engine. We had to take the gearbox

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of the front of it. We had to adapt it. So that both ends were running

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at the same speed. It was an educational experience, working on

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the car. It took 29,000 man hours of development to make Bluebird the

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safest, most technically advanced land-speed car there had ever been.

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And if that were not enough, it also managed to be rather beautiful

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as well. This sleek, streamlined shape hid a body of super-strong

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aluminium honeycomb, an innovation that saved Campbell's life when he

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crashed the first Bluebird in the Utah desert. The accident he had at

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Bonneville was the fastest accident anyone had ever survive. Possibly

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360 mph. If you think about that, for him to get away with an

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accident like that was historical. That shows you the strength of the

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car. After the crash, the Bluebird body was redesigned, its

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aerodynamics were tested in this wind tunnel. Professor John

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Stollery says the car had its sexy comes because the tyre manufacturer

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Dunlop said that Bluebird needed enormous 52 inch wheels. They had

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to have these streamlined covers over the top. They acted as fines,

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so if the car begins to deviate, it would be a even further off course.

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The solution was to add a tall tailfin to stabilise the car. Now,

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the only problem was the Australian weather. It had not rained at Lake

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Air for 20 years, but being an all- British affair, it rained cats and

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dogs as soon as the team got there. This exclusive footage, never

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before seen on television, shows just how bad the conditions were,

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so bad that Donald Campbell said at the surface was like the skin on a

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rice pudding. There is no telling how deeply the rain has soaked in

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and it certainly looks no place for such a heavy car. But the winter

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ahead anyway. Bluebird had to make two runs to break the record and

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just managed it, sinking into the salt, its belly scraping along the

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ground. The speed record and was then you will do our own world

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record of 403 mph. But had conditions be right, how much

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faster could Bluebird have gone? The current record is 458. Bluebird

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at its peak with the right tyres and conditions, it has set a record

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between 450 and 400 Saturday five miles an hour on the right service.

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The tragedy is it never did run on a surface that befitted the car.

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Donald Campbell died attempting an the water speed record in 1967.

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with his death when any hopes of running the Bluebird again. The

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Norris Brothers continued to innovate and event - I invent,

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until 10 died in 2005 and Lou in 2005 -- 2009. Neither of them have

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received the credit some say they deserve. They did not get it. They

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would have had the satisfaction of designing something that worked.

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For them, that was the accolade they wanted. All the same, it seems

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a shame that they are not remembered, especially in their

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home town. The Bluebird car is a 20th century icon. Sleek,

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futuristic and unique. Yet, when you come to Burgess Hill, there's

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nothing to show that this is where it was conceived and designed. And

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no sign that Norris Brothers ever That was Kaddy Lee-Preston

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reporting. Now, can art saved a seaside town? At a cost of �17

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million, if it -- is the Turner Contemporary a jewel in its crown

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or a thorn in the side of "phantom mortgage" and regeneration success

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or driving a deep divide? -- a thorn in the side of Margate.

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as if the council wants the high street to die. Nobody really wanted

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it. I think it is good, it has been a great improvement for the time. -

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- for the town. Love it or hate it, the gallery opened in April with

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lots of modern art and some genuine Turner paintings like this one,

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Crossing The Brook. Nearly all critics were asking the same

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question - could a gallery save Margate from ruin? Famous artist

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Tracey and then seems to think so. First came the Danes, then the

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Vikings, now there is art. Arch will be the best thing that has

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ever happened to this town. It is six months later and we are back to

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This is the old town, the area that has become Margate's cultural hub.

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It is walking distance from the gallery and shopkeepers tell us

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footfall is up. Anne Marie Nixey gave up teaching to set up a

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business here. She says the gallery has been good for trade. If you

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look at the statistics, the figures we have, I can say that a last six-

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month period, the return -- that the term has been open compared to

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last year, it is double the takings. Without a shadow of doubt. Looking

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at the old town, it would be easy to think we generation has been a

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success. But if you venture further rock a High Street, you can see

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where regeneration ends and reality begins. Just on this road, we

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counted around 20 empty shops. Shopkeepers we spoke to here say

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they have been abandoned. They told us none of the money invested in

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making the town that pretty for the gallery's opening had reached here.

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Many said the money for Turner this era. Brendan Woods' shoe shop

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is on the verge of collision. part of the high street has

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completely be left behind. -- on the verge of closing. Brendan says

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the council is not helping the sport of 10 benefit from the Turner

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at all. They seem to have no vision for this end of the high street.

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What are they going to do? What is going to happen? It is completely

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and utterly a wall of silence. is clear shop-owners here feel like

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they're not been listened to. We decided take Brendan to meet the

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council leader, who was responsible for Margate's regeneration, to ask

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why more had not been done for this part of town. We feel very strongly

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that there is no vision for the high street at all. It is almost as

0:25:180:25:24

if the council want the House -- high street to die. We do not hear

0:25:240:25:27

any progressive plans for any idea of what will happen to the high

0:25:270:25:32

street. So we're definitely feeling a distinction between the all part

0:25:320:25:41

of Margate and the rest of the high street? We cannot deny the

0:25:410:25:46

regeneration of Margate started at the bottom end of the town. I think

0:25:470:25:50

they is evidence that that regeneration is moving up a High

0:25:500:25:53

Street and I think that will gather pace. But the council is in a

0:25:540:26:02

difficult position. We would agree with traders that we could tell

0:26:020:26:07

them if there was some fair business rates. But that is the

0:26:070:26:11

Government that set them and decide that will the level of them.

0:26:110:26:16

wonder whether his -- there is this vision of a set plan, asset team,

0:26:160:26:20

looking at retail on the High Street, what are we going to do?

0:26:200:26:25

have an economic development team who are active, certainly I get

0:26:250:26:29

your frustrations brought back to me and I can assure you, I Shearer.

0:26:290:26:34

You mention the word passion. I could not agree more. -- I share

0:26:340:26:39

them. There is clearly a divide with some parts of the 10

0:26:390:26:44

benefiting and others feeling left out. Professor Gordana Fontana-

0:26:440:26:48

Giusti from Kent University says the generation happens in waves and

0:26:480:26:54

the divide is proof it is working. Turner Contemporary has attracted

0:26:540:27:03

250,000 people, that cannot be bad for the high street. Regeneration

0:27:030:27:09

happens in stages. Although not everyone is happy, gallery director

0:27:090:27:13

Victoria Pommery says the visitor numbers speak for themselves.

0:27:130:27:19

have had a fantastic opening summer. The expected 150,000 visitors, we

0:27:190:27:27

have had 250,000. So, it has been absolutely phenomenal. For the

0:27:270:27:30

Turner to have an effect, it is clear visitors here need to see

0:27:300:27:35

more than these four walls. Just like one of his paintings, the

0:27:350:27:43

picture from Margate is a mixed palette.

0:27:430:27:46

Now, if you want any more information about tonight's show,

0:27:460:27:50

you can go to our Kent and Sussex website. You can also watch the

0:27:500:27:56

whole show again on our iPlayer. Kota bbc.co.uk/insideout. Come the

0:27:560:28:01

next week, it will cost up to �9,000 a year to get a degree, but

0:28:010:28:07

asking questions cost nothing. what is the point of university for

0:28:070:28:17
0:28:170:28:17

the creative arts? University fees explain. �75,000. And some of the

0:28:170:28:22

rarest big cats in the world being born and bred in Kent. We are

0:28:220:28:26

keeping the species alive. Keeping the species pure. One day, we will

0:28:260:28:29

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