05/11/2012 Inside Out South West


05/11/2012

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Hello and welcome to Inside Out South West - surprising stories

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from familiar places. Tonight, the mining row threatening the south-

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west's World Heritage Site status. I think this increasing identity it

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gives to Cornwall, it would be a tragedy if it was lost. It would

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also be incompetent, I think, if having got it, we managed to lose

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Also tonight, a brother's quest for justice for a Devon victim of

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Winterbourne View. Carer staff are supposed to care for patients, not

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punch them. And Mike Dilger explores Cornwall's

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very wild west. I love spotting new things and I have never seen this

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gorgeous little plant before. I'm Sam Smith, and this is Inside

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The south-west's mining heritage is a big draw for tourists. But what

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is more important - preserving the past or helping new industry to

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flourish? We have been down to Five years ago, 80 acres of the

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south-west's historic mining landscape was put on a par with

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places like Stonehenge and the Pyramids. UNESCO declared it a

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World Heritage Site, which called for a royal celebration.

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Cornwall and West Devon mining landscape is a deserving addition

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to this world family, and today we celebrate the people who created

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the landscape and those who care for it today. Feed concentrate is

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being fed into the launderer behind me, again using water, to make it

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flow down ove the cone into the circular pit. -- over.

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King Edward mine near Camborne contains a unique collection of

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mining machinery. Its director says its World Heritage status helped

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the funding to flow. When it finally came through, we were

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delighted. In our case, what we got out of it was something we could

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probably have never achieved on our own, which was the replacement of

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our steam winder house which burned down in 1957. That, in fact, is the

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building directly behind me, that opened two years ago. We got money

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to improve and to help to sustain the site we have at the moment, and

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for us, it was a real positive. And just up the road, Heartlands -

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a visitor attraction built on the In 2007, Heartlands got �23 million

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from the Big Lottery Fund to help build this park. Heartlands told us

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that World Heritage status, granted just a year before, made a crucial

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difference in their fundraising efforts.

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But Cornwall's new-found status is in jeopardy. And it is for the most

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ironic of reasons. 14 years have passed since the

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closure of what was the last tin mine in Europe. The old surface

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workings are in a sorry state. But underground, it is a different

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:03:51.:03:51.

story. Because they are preparing Currently, we employ 45 full-time

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workers on the site. As we go forward, we are expecting to expand

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to maybe 70, 80 jobs over the forthcoming year. At the point of

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we will have in excess of 200 working full-time at the mine.

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But there is a problem. UNESCO isn't on board with the idea.

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I am walking along the boundary of the World Heritage Site, and these

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old buildings are within it. But the South Crofty headgear, which

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sent miners underground until the mine closed 14 years ago, is

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outside it. Now, UNESCO is happy for mining operations to resume

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over there, but not over here. Crofty's owners now send men

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underground along the Tucking Mill they want to develop the land all

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around here. Unfortunately, this is also within the World Heritage Site,

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St Petersburg, Russia. At a meeting here earlier this year, UNESCO

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demanded a halt to mining There is this big issue, in

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principle, if you like, of having mining within a World Heritage Site.

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And I think there is also the feeling that modern mining is not

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the same as the mining in the 19th and early 20th centuries, for which

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the site was inscribed. I guess a way of looking at it is

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we are creating a future Heritage, because the heritage they are

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protecting in the World Heritage Site is actually former mining

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landscape and the buildings and structures, the old chimneys behind

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us right now, are part of the heritage. What we build here will

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be the heritage of the future. It is mining operations.

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But UNESCO is digging its heels in because of the way the development

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has happened. The committee weren't necessarily against it, but they

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did say very clearly that any resumption of mining or any

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discussion on resumption of mining should be put before the committee,

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for scrutiny and debate, before a decision was made.

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And it wasn't. Last November, Cornwall's planning committee gave

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the go-ahead for mining at South Crofty without consulting UNESCO.

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We asked the chair of the local partnership responsible for the

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Cornish mining heritage site to explain how this oversight had

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happened. Why didn't you consult with UNESCO

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before the planning application was approved? That is a question for

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the Department of Culture, Media and Sport, who are the relevant

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state body, who we have to go through in our dealings with UNESCO.

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Do you regret that they weren't told? I think it is always good

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practice to follow the protocol that UNESCO have laid out, so, yes,

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the state party should have been more actively involved. There was

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no dialogue between you and the DCMS just checking this is

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happening? You couldn't phone them up and tell them there was a

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planning application going in? answer to that question is no.

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And it's true. It is the Government's job to keep UNESCO

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updated. Which it says it did. Sort The Department for Culture, Media

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and Sport told us it had told UNESCO four years ago about the

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intention to start mining but acknowledged it had not told UNESCO

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that an actual application had been submitted, adding it was "not

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required to provide UNESCO with a running commentary on every stage

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in the planning process". UNESCO is not just worried about

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Crofty. The harbour at Hale has been derelict for 50 years. The

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Dutch bank ING wants to redevelop this whole area, and its plans have

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been passed by Cornwall Council. But this too is part of the World

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Heritage Site, because it was once the main port for Cornwall's mining

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industry. Now, UNESCO does not like ING's plans, because they include

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at their heart a big supermarket, a roundabout here, right in front of

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Hale's historic railway viaduct. What we do object to is this very,

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very large supermarket. They come in different sizes, supermarkets,

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and this is almost towards the top of the range, as it were. And we

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felt that this, imposed on this area of the harbour, indeed would

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be very unfortunate and impact in a rather aggressive manner.

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But the developments at Hale harbour and South Crofty can't be

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stopped now, unless the Government intervenes. The partnership can't

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halt any agreement. It is not within our remit. South Crofty have

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been given planning permission so it would be an issue for Government

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to go back to and if they were so minded to review the planning

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permission and still halt it, it is There is something UNESCO can do,

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though. Withdraw World Heritage status, as it has done before in

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other countries. Those who believe Cornwall has benefited think that

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would be a disaster. My feeling is that this is part of the Cornish

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consciousness and I think this identity, this increasing identity

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that it gives to Cornwall, which I think we all support, would be a

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tragedy if it was lost. It would also be incompetent if having got

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it, we managed to lose it. The Government has until February

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to persuade UNESCO that developments at South Crofty and

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elsewhere will not damage the integrity of the Cornish mining

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World Heritage Site. One way or another, something will have to

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Say "wildlife conservation" and you might think saving pandas or tigers

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in far-flung parts of the world. Well, Mike Dilger has been to far-

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flung Cornwall to discover a This is the south-westerly tip of

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Britain. You've got to be tough to survive here. Even tenacious plants

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like this western gorse and beautiful heather find it hard

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going. There are animals and plants that are tough to find anywhere

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else in England. This is rare coastal heath land.

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Home to a range of species seldom seen far from this wonderful

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habitat. Locations like this play host to a wide variety of birds,

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from constantly bustling meadow pippits, to linnets resplendent in

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their scarlet-capped breeding plumage. Coastal heath land is also

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prime butterfly-watching country, giving opportunities to catch up

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with little crackers like this silver-studded blue blue meaning

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you've spotted one of the girls, and brown for one of the boys. --

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blue meaning. But there is one species that was

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missing, a bird that hadn't been seen around here for half a century.

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And I'm here to try and find this elusive creature.

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The chough disappeared from Cornwall for nearly 40 years. So

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there was much cause for celebration when just three of

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these iconic birds flew in from Ireland in 2001 and started a

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family on the Lizard Peninsula, 20 miles east of Porthgwarra.

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A small member of the crow family, with a bright red beak and legs,

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the chough nests in caves on the coastal fringes of the British

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Isles. The younger Lizard choughs started to spread their wings and,

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three years later, were spotted here in Porthgwarra by John

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Chappell. The first chough I ever saw in my life, I was sat in

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exactly this position, I had just come in from fishing, and he gave a

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cry and came in and landed just on that ledge there, so only 20 yards

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away. I just felt like the bird had come to say hello and given it was

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the first one I had ever seen in my life, it really made my day, to be

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honest. The choughs were back the following

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day. This time, John brought his camera and captured the first

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footage of choughs back at Porthgwarra. The birds John filmed

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may have been looking for new nesting sites. But Porthgwarra

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wasn't ready for them yet and they didn't stay. To replicate

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conditions on the Lizard, conservationists first of all have

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had to combat a plant that dominates so much of this coastline.

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A partnership has been formed between conservation bodies and

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local farmers, with funding from the Higher Land Stewardship scheme,

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to remove much of the demon bracken and thereby increasing biodiversity.

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Our first job is to pull the gorse, get rid of the gorse. I usually do

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that in the autumn time, so there are not birds nesting and you don't

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interfere with much wildlife, and then the following year, the

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flowers and the grass has gradually come back, the bracken comes with

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it and that is a problem, to clear the bracken. Basically, I didn't

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want use chemicals on the cliffs and the idea of rolling it twice a

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year is to break the stem and it just bleeds and gradually weakens

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it. And over two or three years, it disappears.

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It's great for increasing biodiversity but on its own,

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rolling bracken is not going to bring back the choughs I'm hoping

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to see. Unlike their habitat on the Lizard,

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Porthgwarra had no animals grazing its coast - a standard practice

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back in the day when choughs were common. So farmers have been

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encouraged to let them roam free on Without the cattle, the grass gets

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too high and choughs are very specific in their habitat

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requirements. They feed on very short-term, something under five

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centimetres, so you would not get that without the here, so we now

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have got a number of cattle grazing and we have what we think are the

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ideal conditions for choughs. -- The cattle also help to keep unruly

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willow scrub under control, which would otherwise spread if left un-

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nibbled. This ancient fowling pool is not just a handy drinks station

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but also provides the perfect des res for a range of butterflies -

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like Britain's biggest, the Emperor, and this black-tailed skimmer,

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enjoying a spot of sunbathing. -- dragonflies. It's a lovely, almost

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primeval scene, but the re- introduction of cattle here has

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proved controversial. Early on in the project, the local people in

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the valley here were concerned about the fencing and the gates

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going in, and what we were going to be doing. And we shared those

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concerns as well. The point is, they were worried about the cattle

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ending up in their gardens or out on main roads, so of course you

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have to fence off these areas and make sure the cattle are grazing

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the areas where you want them to graze.

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In the project's infancy, protestors cut though obtrusive

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barbed wire fencing. NEWS REPORT: This-year-old heifer

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has fallen 70 feet down cliffs, almost into the sea.

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Their concerns were heightened when two cattle had to be rescued after

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falling down cliffs in 2008. It took an army of volunteers and a

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helicopter from Culdrose to rescue them. However, they lived to graze

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again. Four years on, local feelings have

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changed. And since Mike Semmens took charge of the grazing, the

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number of cattle has been greatly reduced and there have been no

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further accidents. And wildflowers appear to be on the increase.

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I love spotting new things and I have never seen this gorgeous

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little plant before. For the record, it is called "perennial centaury"

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and Porthgwarra is the only place in England where you can see it,

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and it is in abundance in this little area here. And this was only

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refound at this spot last year, when a couple of walkers managed to

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chance upon it, the first time it had been seen for 50 years. I just

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love it, it is beautiful, it is delicate. In fact, you could say it

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is the complete opposite of me. But the acid test was would the choughs

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return to breed here? Well, the cattle seemed to be playing their

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part. If you are eating your tea whilst

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watching this, all I can do is apologise, you might want to look

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away now. Because cows being cows, they produce these things. #Country

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pancakes, or cowpats. But if I break this one apart, lift it up

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and break it apart, look at that. The most enormous number of these

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larvae. Look at that. Actually, these are beetle larvae, slowly

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breaking down the cowpat and these are absolutely ideal food,

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particularly for young choughs, who come along, have a probe and find a

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Adult choughs use their powerful red beaks to dig insects out from

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grazed clifftops like leatherjackets and these woodlice

:17:59.:18:09.
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tasty morsels for a grown chough. So the table was set - but would

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our special guests turn up? Well, last year they did just that

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and, what's more, as this footage filmed in the summer near

:18:22.:18:28.

Porthgwarra shows - this time, they stayed. We have had choughs nesting

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here for the past two years and this year, they raised four young,

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so we are absolutely delighted. It is a dream come true for me, I have

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been working here for over 20 years, so it is wonderful.

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There are now 34 choughs on the West and North Cornwall coasts, all

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originating from those Irish immigrants. And do you know what -

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I'm really chuffed. Well, I had to say it didn't I? And I'm not the

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only one. They are just a national emblem, aren't they? It is nice to

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see a bird that was nearly extinct to Cornwall come back to Cornwall

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again. So the choughs are back and let's

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:19:16.:19:18.

hope this time, they're back for Winterbourne View is the private

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hospital exposed by BBC Panorama for appalling abuse of vulnerable

:19:20.:19:26.

patients. Six care workers have now been jailed, five others given

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suspended sentences. But we have evidence that one Devon patient was

:19:31.:19:33.

abused there years before Panorama stepped in, and now his family

:19:34.:19:41.

wants justice too. Matthew Hill reports.

:19:41.:19:51.
:19:51.:19:57.

Winterbourne View. Infamous, empty, purged. It was a private hospital

:19:57.:20:02.

on the outskirts of Bristol, but it will always be remembered for this.

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SHE SCREAMS. The abuse of vulnerable patients

:20:06.:20:10.

with learning difficulties, exposed by the BBC. But I have discovered

:20:10.:20:17.

new evidence of abuse here, years before Panorama filmed this. I ask,

:20:17.:20:19.

could authorities have stopped it earlier?

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Is it understandable for someone to have their teeth knocked out?

:20:24.:20:29.

My investigation began earlier this year in Paris. I went to meet Tom

:20:29.:20:33.

Pullar, a student there. His twin brother Ben is autistic and bipolar,

:20:33.:20:38.

with severe learning difficulties. Emotionally, he's more mature, but

:20:38.:20:41.

in terms of his understanding of the world around him, it is

:20:41.:20:46.

equivalent to about a five-year- old's.

:20:46.:20:51.

Tom's brother was 18 when he arrived at Winterbourne View. He

:20:51.:20:55.

would spend just under a year there from July 2009 and he would never

:20:55.:20:57.

be the same again. Did your brother's behaviour change

:20:57.:21:01.

after he went to Winterbourne? very drastically. Ben can get very

:21:01.:21:09.

upset very quickly over things that are not very important. I have

:21:09.:21:12.

taken him to go to the toilet before and he has burst out crying

:21:13.:21:18.

on me and demanded to talk about Winterbourne View. This is years

:21:18.:21:22.

after he went to Winterbourne View. It still affects him today.

:21:22.:21:26.

Tom talked me through paperwork about the hospital. We have also

:21:26.:21:30.

seen his brother's daily care notes from his time there. One entry

:21:30.:21:35.

particularly concerns the family. Just weeks after he arrived, Ben

:21:35.:21:40.

had an accident with his teeth. The handwritten note is brief and

:21:40.:21:44.

raises more questions than answers. Ben's family say they were given

:21:44.:21:47.

mixed messages about what happened and were told, at one point, Ben

:21:47.:21:54.

had bitten the floor. What they do know is how traumatic Ben's

:21:54.:21:57.

injuries were. The first tooth was knocked out on

:21:57.:22:03.

impact. They tried to put it back in again and it fell out eventually

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again three weeks later. The second one dropped out within two months

:22:06.:22:12.

of the trauma. It was a shock for everybody that he had his teeth

:22:12.:22:16.

missing. He looks like a completely different person with his teeth

:22:16.:22:20.

missing. He looks like a dangerous person, he looks like he can't look

:22:20.:22:27.

after himself, or that he's not being looked after. Essentially,

:22:27.:22:32.

that is what happened, he wasn't looked after. And I think he will

:22:32.:22:36.

always have that reminder now, because he has two teeth missing.

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It is not just a reminder him, but it's a reminder for us as well. --

:22:43.:22:46.

for him. Back in the UK, I needed to find

:22:46.:22:50.

out more about how Ben's teeth were knocked out. I discovered that Ben

:22:50.:22:52.

was brought here by staff from Winterbourne View as an emergency

:22:52.:22:58.

patient. And that because of the severity of his injuries, two

:22:58.:23:00.

doctors at the Bristol Dental Hospital raised the alarm with the

:23:00.:23:06.

authorities. At our request, a senior dental consultant has looked

:23:06.:23:10.

into what happened. These two front teeth, the crowns were pushed back

:23:10.:23:14.

towards the palett, and they were mobile, so we assumed also that the

:23:14.:23:19.

bone holding the teeth in would have been fractured. It would have

:23:19.:23:23.

been painful, it would have been difficult to bite. And what did

:23:23.:23:26.

your staff think when they saw Ben's teeth? I think they thought

:23:26.:23:29.

the injury he sustained wasn't consistent with what they were

:23:29.:23:34.

being told. He had allegedly bitten a carer, and the injuries were

:23:34.:23:42.

sustained from him biting that carer. Whereas, because the teeth

:23:42.:23:45.

were pushed back palletly towards the back of the mouth, they would

:23:45.:23:52.

be consistent with a punch or a blow to the front of the face.

:23:52.:23:56.

There is nothing in Ben's notes about a punch or a blow. The

:23:56.:24:00.

authorities did meet several days after Ben was assaulted. His family

:24:00.:24:04.

wasn't invited. The notes we've obtained say the nurse was bitten

:24:04.:24:07.

and retaliated in order to remove his fingers, and later that he

:24:07.:24:15.

pushed and pulled to get them out. That nurse was Maxwell Nyamukapa.

:24:15.:24:20.

He was suspended and later reinstated. The first I knew, I

:24:20.:24:26.

heard some running and a shout... Jane Elwood was there. She was

:24:26.:24:31.

working as a nurse at the time Ben was assaulted. She didn't see it

:24:31.:24:34.

but was on hand soon after and has 15 years of experience of looking

:24:34.:24:37.

after people with learning disabilities. The nurse involved

:24:37.:24:40.

seemed to be quite proud of the injury that he had and the

:24:40.:24:46.

attention that he got from having to go to A&E. It was a single small

:24:46.:24:49.

stab wound, which he said was a tooth, but I didn't see any

:24:49.:24:52.

additional tooth marks, which you would expect from a fixed bite, or

:24:52.:25:00.

bruising, which you tend to get if the bite is actually latched on. So

:25:00.:25:05.

at the time, I just assumed it was a quick bite, in and out.

:25:05.:25:08.

incident was discussed the next day, the next morning at handover.

:25:08.:25:11.

was, "Yeah, bring it on", when they were talking about the particular

:25:11.:25:20.

Jane could only stand it for a week, disgusted with the attitude of some

:25:20.:25:24.

staff, the levels of care and the record-keeping. She left. But she

:25:24.:25:28.

has strong feelings about the assault on Ben Pullar. It is not

:25:28.:25:33.

reasonable to attack a patient under any circumstances. How do you

:25:33.:25:36.

deal with that incident, if you are being bitten? Once you have been

:25:36.:25:40.

bitten, there is nothing you can do about it, there is no point in

:25:40.:25:44.

retaliating. What about the police? Surely if

:25:44.:25:47.

someone was punched in the face, then they would act? We have

:25:47.:25:53.

learned that their view at the time was that it was self-defence. They

:25:53.:25:59.

did log it as an assault, but said Maxwell had acted instinctively.

:25:59.:26:09.
:26:09.:26:15.

I would say it was extremely unprofessional. I think that care

:26:16.:26:19.

staff are supposed to care for patients, not punch them.

:26:19.:26:22.

When I began my investigation, police said they would not reopen

:26:22.:26:25.

Ben's case, but now agreed to review it and say lessons have been

:26:25.:26:29.

learned. Is it understandable for someone to

:26:29.:26:33.

have their teeth knocked out? looking back on that incident now

:26:33.:26:36.

and understanding the whole pattern of what was happening at that home,

:26:36.:26:41.

at the residential hospital, clearly not acceptable. However, at

:26:41.:26:43.

the time, the officer was dealing with reliable information that came

:26:43.:26:46.

from patients and carers and that came from other experts in that

:26:46.:26:54.

field, and perhaps they relied upon that information too much. So it is

:26:54.:26:58.

not understandable, really? know, it is a very difficult one to

:26:58.:27:02.

look back on now in hindsight but we accept that and learn as a force

:27:02.:27:08.

and an organisation and will do things differently in future.

:27:08.:27:13.

And what about nurse Maxwell? We wanted to ask him about what he had

:27:13.:27:17.

done. He has not responded to our request for an interview so we

:27:17.:27:21.

waited at his last known address. He does still work as a nurse,

:27:21.:27:24.

despite being referred to a nursing and midwifery council. Maxwell

:27:24.:27:27.

never showed, so we decided to call him.

:27:27.:27:34.

Hi, is that Maxwell? "Who is this?" It is Matthew Hill, BBC. I am just

:27:34.:27:38.

ringing to ask why you hit Ben Pullar in the face in 2009? I am

:27:38.:27:46.

recording this for broadcast The line has gone dead. We have

:27:46.:27:49.

tried to contact Maxwell for some time now, but he clearly doesn't

:27:49.:27:57.

want to speak to us. When we you here last?

:27:57.:27:59.

Winterbourne View's previous owners, Castle Beck, told us that the new

:27:59.:28:02.

board and management have already reviewed and will continue to

:28:02.:28:07.

review what happened here. They said if any other matters come to

:28:07.:28:09.

light, then immediate action will be taken and the appropriate

:28:09.:28:19.
:28:19.:28:24.

And though 11 people have admitted abusing patients, Ben's family say

:28:24.:28:32.

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