31/03/2017 Inside Out South

What happens when one of the South's busiest roads meets one of the

world's busiest landscapes? I can see a worse place.

I feel very upset. Also coming up: how people with dementia are using

music to help cope with their condition.

It makes you feel good to play because they are not worried whether

you play the wrong not anything, which happens quite a bit anyway.

And butterfly experts and enthusiasts Matthew Oates takes us

on a tour of the South. No less than 46 of the 59 species in

the UK have been found here. That is mega.

First, plans to dig a tunnel to re-route the A303 at Stonehenge have

seen some serious opposition not least by the woman who farms the

far she has refused to speak out far she has refused to speak out

publicly. Until now. We have the story.

Stonehenge is one of our top tourist attractions. That noise is the A303,

the main route from Cornwall to London.

Got 24,000 vehicles a day on this road going up to 30,000 a day in the

summer. That is not good for road users, it is not good for local

residents or the setting of this world Heritage site.

Now a ?1.4 billion scheme to re-route the road through a tunnel

and make it a dual carriageway has been given the go-ahead. You would

think that was the perfect solution, right?

It is a total catastrophe. The plans recommended by highways England and

the Government or for an eight metre high flying over just about 300

metres from where we're standing. It is a modern scar on an ancient

landscape. It breaks my heart. It breaks my heart.

So why are they so against the scheme? I have come to watch easy.

These artefacts are more than 4000 years old. This dagger is

astounding. It is difficult to see but the original had 140,000 tiny

gold studs. They were found buried with a bronze age cheating in a

grave known... He has become known as Bush Barrow man. The West End of

the tunnel is planned to pass close to his grave. These images give us

an idea of what is proposed. But what does it look like in real life?

I have come to see. This is Rachel. And Bush Barrow is on her farm. It

is one of many barrows she looks after. She sees herself as a

custodian and has adapted the way she farms around them.

Wheatgrass down a proportion of the far end of the farm because there

was archaeology. Bush Barrow is in what is known as

the down burial cemetery. Is among 40 others here.

Bush Barrow is the key monument in this cemetery.

Underneath here is still Bush Barrow man.

They took all the parts and all the gold and all the exciting bits and

pieces, so, yes, it is quite exciting to think that Bush Barrow

man are still under our feet. Where is the road going to go?

Stonehenge is over there. It will come in a tunnel south of

Stonehenge. You can see there, tunnel underneath, it will come out

opposite ours where the scores are opposite ours where the scores are

on the field. How big a road are we talking about?

Massive. For carriageway. People will say you

just do not want this on your land. I just think it is just so important

that enough consideration is given as to sensitively putting this road

in the environment. There's got to be sensitive. Not in front of Bush

Barrow man. The high value of gold found in this

Barrow make it written's richest bronze Age burial. But there was

another place close to the east end of the town of it experts are

worried. The damaged by the plan. Until recently, this area of

woodland two miles from Stonehenge had largely been ignored by

archaeologists. Its true significance is only now being

revealed. We have discovered where the

communities were living who built the first monuments at Stonehenge

under the stone change no. It was about 8000 BC. These communities

come back again and again and again all the way through to 4000 BC.

This site is not to be the longest continually inhabited place in the

UK. David led a team of archaeologists on a date yet in 2014

and they found around 32,000 pieces of worked flint and more than 1000

pieces of animal bone. But the secret of this place in the water.

It is warmed by a natural spring, meaning it's doesn't freeze during

the ice age and that brought people to settle here.

This is where we have been digging over the last ten years. The basin

behind us has got shed loads of this hunter gatherer archaeology in it.

So what percentage of those have you actually excavated and found?

A tiny percentage. We've got 23 metres square. Everywhere we did

here we are finding really important archaeology. It is almost certainly

a much bigger complex. There will be a flyover just about 300 metres from

where we're standing to the east. There will be eight metres high. If

that wasn't bad enough. The road here is going to be banked up

another seven metres. All of that logistical work will drain the

spring and take down the water table which is preserving all of these

objects which are thousands of years old.

The road has got to go somewhere, hasn't it?

It has got to go somewhere but why does it have to go here? This is one

of the most precious landscapes in the world.

So what does the man in charge of the road scheme have to say about

David and Rachel's beers? My team have visited the site with

him to see what he's saying. Across the road from here we have

got Bush Barrow and the owner of the land says having the tunnel will

actually impact on the world Heritage site.

I've met her. We're listening to what she's saying, we're listening

to all the other 9000 bits of correspondence we had to

consultation. Would you change your plans if it

does not work out? We are still in consultation and we

are analysing those consultations and taking a view on the best way

forward. Earlier this month more than 20

eminent archaeologists and historians registered their

objections to the scheme. They echoed those of Rachel and Professor

Jacks but there are also concerned Jacks but there are also concerned

that the tunnel entrance new to Bush Barrow would destroy the views of

the winter sunset, now thought to be fundamental to the stone's

positioning. The final plan for the proposed tunnel is expected in the

autumn. Building work is scheduled to start in 2020.

A little later on we will update you on one of the stories we have

brought you here on Inside Out. Also under way, our special bond with

these little beauties. Butterflies need us and need them.

Next, the power of music really can be quite remarkable. As one group of

people in Dorset has been finding out. Mark that plays the violin with

the Bournemouth University dementia Institute Orchestra. We dropped in

on rehearsals. Let's do Bolero. We have got the

concert next week on we? We will play this on the concert. Shall we

play some music? Top string. So, it goes...

Welcome to my Orchestra. Some of us have dementia and some of us are

carers. Great. Fantastic. That is Joe and

David. Their partners do not come any more but they still join us

every week. It is all a bit emotional for me at

the moment. I am sorry. I lost my husband a year ago tomorrow. But he

loved it, absolutely loved it. Didn't he? That's why I still come.

My wife came up until the end of the year. She is too ill now to come but

she spent every session just smiling and lifted by the whole thing. Great

to see her enjoying it. We have become like a family,

really, now. We don't want to give it up.

It is astonishing how it brings us all together.

There is me and my husband Mike. Can you guess which of us has dementia?

That is one of the best things about the orchestra. When we are playing,

all of that melts away. You see, dementia is difficult but it does

not mean you cannot have fun or take on new challenges. Even the violin.

One lady this week, she was thoroughly enjoying it. Her face

major turnaround of the guitar. And it was lovely. We are able to chat

together and swap, you know, how was your husband? Reassure each other

that not alone. What is happening, we are not imagining it, it is part

of the problem that we have. Everybody is so nice and also a lot

of them are in the same boat as what I am. But luckily, only got its

light at the moment. And just keeping my fingers crossed it's

doesn't get any worse. It can be very annoying because you try and

remember things and unfortunately unless it stands out, I'm afraid it

goes to the back of your mind and it can be quite annoying, I can assure

you. May she feel good. Because they are not worried about whether you

play the wrong note anything, which happens quite a bit, anyway.

Hillary also has the early stages of dementia. She does not let it get

her down. I was talking to the consultant and

I said, I keep losing memory, you know. I can't remember people's

names and it is not that bad. I was borderline. And they said, well, and

I said, can I have a scan? I said want to know what is going on. Not

sitting thinking, I just forget things. And they found that the

brain was... Shrinking, did he say?

When I see the poor people at the University I think how sad for them

because it must be a long time. They don't speak but they can smile a

little bit, you know. They don't have a conversation. You just can't

realise how they think about it or what they feel. It is just something

that is there. Several times through the week

Hillary will start chanting. I sleep and think about it. It is

not a thing that has happened on the day. We think about it other times

during the week. This is the last time. Fantastic,

well done, everybody. Today is a big day. We are putting

on a concert for a live audience. We perform regularly to prove to others

what people with dementia are capable of. Learning, performing and

drawing crowds. We might not be the greatest musicians but with the

professionals alongside as we do make a good sound.

Sometimes it goes wrong and it sounds better, if you know what I

mean. And we think, oh, can we keep that in? Inevitably, it will go

wrong. Because people are constrained they'd not been through

that whole process. But this extraordinary moment of musical

magic will come out and things will be brilliant.

Uplifting, that is all I can say. It really does a lot for you. Because

it makes you forget, or you don't think about what is happening. It

has brought me out a lot more. I'm not so withdrawn or anything like

that. I'm going to go on as long as I can I don't know what is going to

happens I just lived like to the full in that respect.

You can't tell from his drumming his ukelele but Richard is the player

with the most advanced dementia. If we are doing anything he just

sits on a chair, head on a chair, head-on chest and nods. It is just

so awful. It can be tough. It can be tough. I get quite emotional at

times. I could now but I won't let myself. Just not strong mentally,

and that isn't me, but it is the situation we are in. It's not one

you expect. It is very debilitating illness. The website everything,

wipes all memories. Holidays, nice times you have had, all gone. He is

a lovely man. So, yeah, we're just glad to be together.

It is a bit worrying for both of us if we see one that is really further

on and you think, oh, help. I hope not. Very difficult. You

surmise that you are going to be like that later. I try not to think

about that. APPLAUSE

Finally, it is just over 250 years since the famous naturalist Gilbert

White recorded the first butterfly in Hampshire.

And that is a good enough excuse to ask expats Matthew Oates to tell us

more about these colourful wonders of nature. -- expert.

Butterflies captivated me as a child and that fascination blossomed and

became my life's work. They have been admired, collected and called

it in southern England for 250 years. Each some Al-Qaeda visit as

many of the special places in which our rarer butterflies occur. To date

as a place of pilgrimage for a naturalist. They are attracted here

by the living memory of the Reverend Gilbert White, the forefather of

natural history. This is where it all started. The first record for a

butterfly in Hampshire was of a male brimstone, seen on the 8th of March

1766 by the Reverend Gilbert White, here in Selbourne in Hampshire.

White regarded the brimstone as being the harbinger of spring and

even today it is a butterfly which people diligently look out for on

the first warm days of spring. There are other familiar butterflies. We

may not know all of their names but we know them for what they are. The

souls of summer hours. I'm talking about garden butterflies like the

peacocks, small daughter -- tortoiseshell. Many of them are

specialists of central southern England. The dazzling names and

belonged to strange named families like the skippers, which are fiery

darts that was around at great speed. A rather elusive one. On the

Downs there are the exquisite blues, beautiful blue butterflies. And in

the woods, the big, bold and brassy ones. Many of these butterflies are

really quite rare and restricted to certain places due to their specific

needs and some of those places have become our nature preserves. Just

outside the village of Selbourne is this nature reserve, which is one of

the richest and best loved butterfly localities in the British Isles. No

less than 46 of the 50 species of butterfly that have recorded

regularly in the UK have been found here within the last 40 years. That

is mega. Butterflies love hot sunny weather in spring and summer. 40

years ago of course it was the long hot summer of 1976 and be briefly

experienced the Mediterranean climate. The butterflies that year

and found it. They are creatures of the sun. One particular sun loving

speciality is stand-up Nortel during the spring. Grace, the Duke of

Burgundy. I've spent many years studying this little butterfly. It

is a bug and a bully boy but it is one of my favourites. If you spend

carefully you may find the chick and carefully you may find the chick and

the Duchess together. As soon as she is ready to fly, the Duchess of

Burgundy will gravitate into a male territory. There she will be

ardently and instantly mated. There is no courtship in this species

whatsoever. Crucially, each species of butterfly needs a certain plants

PCs on which to latex. And how Grace needs cowslips and primroses. Here

in the Forest, the Duke of Burgundy became extinct three or four decades

ago but for about 150 years, the new Forest was the Premier locality in

Britain for butterfly collecting. And the old collectors during the

Victorian and Edwardian era is in particular and way into the 1950s

and early 1960s, used to come here in droves. Particularly in July.

the silver washed to Tillery and the the silver washed to Tillery and the

cream-coloured ones. And they collected draw. The Cabinet. And

they reside still in museums today. Servicing the collecting obsession

was a major local industry in the forest for about 150 years in terms

of providing board and lodging, food and drink, transport and guides and

also dealers and breeders who sold unusual specimens dead or alive too

often rather gullible collectors. In bygone days, many of the new Forest

Woods looked like this. Butterfly paradise.

After the First World War, many of the new Forest Oak Woods were felled

and be placed with fast-growing non-native conifers in their

glorious cultural experiment of which have butterflies were

unscheduled victims. The coroner for woods are too shady and otherwise

unsuitable for most butterflies. National policy has now changed,

gloriously. The policy to restore broad leave woodland long-term and

also to remove altogether some conifer plantations and restore the

land to open heathland. The open eaves of the new Forest are renowned

for their specialist flora and fauna which includes the exquisite

minuscule silver studded blue a South park jewel of a little

butterfly. There is much we can do to help our garden butterflies.

These are highly mobile creatures that drift around the countryside

and the towns constantly seeking new places in which to breed and it is

really important to give them feeding stations along their way.

And there is no better way of doing it than by grabbing but he is.

Growing this type of flower. There are even tiny patio varieties and

they work. They attract butterflies and at night, moths. Mobility is

everything to butterflies and wildlife friendly gardening really

does help that. Butterfly populations boom and bust

and ebb and flow according to the weather. But if we have learned

anything about butterflies, if the last 250 years, it is that we love

them, we care deeply about them. We value them for their beauty, for the

special places they take us to and as symbols of freedom. Butterflies

need us and we need them. Feels like spring is finally here.

Just before we go time for an update on some of the stories we have

brought you recently. I remember the intensive care unit.

Inside Out cameras were there when Inside Out cameras were there when

Meg Williamson came face to face with the driver who killed her

boyfriend. Lewis Stratford crashed through the central reservation

whilst on his mobile phone. Earlier this month, Stratford, who had

pleaded guilty to causing death by dangerous driving, was sentenced to

three years and eight months in prison. He was banned from driving

for nearly five years. Two weeks ago we revealed how some park home

owners were paying extra for maintenance charges because of

illegal the poll. -- a legal loophole. Last week that was a

they have to pay 10% commission to they have to pay 10% commission to

their site owner when they sell their home.

We have retired people. We shouldn't have to pay all this money out.

The results of a recent meeting between MPs and the Housing Minister

about possible changes to the law will be published soon. In January,

Professor Gray was on a mission to get us walking our way back to

health. He is convinced regular daily exercise will also reduce

pressures on the NHS. Call centre worker Dave was one of the

volunteers to accept a challenge. The man's son he is still walking.

He has lost barely two stone in weight and is loving his new

healthier lifestyle. And finally, remember the former circus tiger?

Last yet we followed her as she was brought over from a Belgian rescue

centre. She settled in and put on weight. Carolyn is one of the team

at the zoo. She has been doing really well. Her

personality is really starting to show now and we're getting to know

every unique cat. Complete the difference to the cat but arrived.

That is it for now and indeed for the series. We are back on BBC One

in the autumn. Until then, goodbye. Do not forget, get in touch via

e-mail or twitter if there is something you would like us to look

into. The details are on the screen. We are already out and about across

the South building for -- filming for the new series and it is always

great to hear from you.