Browse content similar to 30/01/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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What exactly are you eat when you bite into a burger? As we learn | :00:12. | :00:16. | |
that horse meat could have been on our shelves for a year, why do we | :00:16. | :00:22. | |
know so little about our food? Welcome to London Airport, in | :00:22. | :00:26. | |
Istanbul. As the competition hots up for British passengers, we head | :00:26. | :00:33. | |
to the gateway for Asia. This is the meeting point of two continents, | :00:33. | :00:37. | |
Istanbul is in the world economic market for nearly 3,000 years. | :00:37. | :00:43. | |
Also tonight a Barclays insider attacks levels of pay in banking, | :00:43. | :00:47. | |
and says the boss, Bob Diamond, should never have taken his bonus. | :00:47. | :00:50. | |
We speak to a former Deputy Chairman of Barclays, and Lord | :00:50. | :01:00. | |
:01:00. | :01:11. | ||
And the Oscar-nominated film that portrays the toppling of Augusto | :01:11. | :01:15. | |
Pinochet. The Mexican star of the film, Gael Garcia Bernal, is here | :01:15. | :01:24. | |
with me now. Good evening. Remember those horse | :01:24. | :01:28. | |
meat burgers? Well, today it emerged they could have been sold | :01:28. | :01:31. | |
in British supermarkets for up to a year. One leading supermarket, | :01:31. | :01:35. | |
Tesco, vowed to end its relationship with the firm that | :01:35. | :01:39. | |
supplied those burgers, insisting it was a breach of trust. Now if | :01:39. | :01:43. | |
horse meat, pork meat and God knows what else has been on the shelves | :01:43. | :01:46. | |
for 12 month, what does it tell us about the health and transparency | :01:46. | :01:51. | |
of our food industry. Tonight we go behind the scenes to find out where | :01:51. | :02:01. | |
our food comes from, and what is in Let's have a quick look around. How | :02:01. | :02:05. | |
about a quick snack? That's where the beef burger comes in, feed it | :02:05. | :02:11. | |
one pound of fine mincemeat, and in less than no time it makes beef | :02:11. | :02:17. | |
burgers ready to be fried or grilled. The beefburg certificate a | :02:17. | :02:22. | |
regular British dish for decades. Ten million have been taken off the | :02:22. | :02:25. | |
shelves, after the Irish food agency found horse meat from Poland | :02:25. | :02:31. | |
in a Tesco burger. The supermarket cancelled its contract with the | :02:31. | :02:35. | |
supplier responsible. Today, MPs grilled the British agency, wanting | :02:35. | :02:41. | |
to find out why it wasn't spotted here. If you don't use those tests, | :02:41. | :02:49. | |
how do we know that the FSA UK would have picked up the | :02:49. | :02:56. | |
contamination if FSA Ireland hadn't. Interesting thing, we have | :02:56. | :02:59. | |
accredited test, and we have a mixture of DNA and other tests, | :03:00. | :03:08. | |
that we could use. We have tests available that, had we tested, and | :03:08. | :03:12. | |
had there been the wrong stuff there, we would have found. The | :03:12. | :03:19. | |
real issue is that we wouldn't have tested, because we have our | :03:19. | :03:22. | |
surveillance approach which is risk-based. The burgers could have | :03:22. | :03:31. | |
been on sale for a year. The retailer, bears prime | :03:31. | :03:35. | |
responsibility for food quality. Tescos said the company had tests | :03:35. | :03:40. | |
and audits right the way up the chain, but the sub-contractor went | :03:40. | :03:45. | |
outside it. If somebody decides to step outside that process, in a | :03:45. | :03:47. | |
deliberate attempt, for whatever commercial reason, it is impossible | :03:48. | :03:51. | |
to check a supplier in Poland who we don't know even exists. Unless | :03:51. | :03:56. | |
you check the product when it comes to you? Which is why we have | :03:56. | :04:01. | |
instituted a programme of DNA testing, starting today. Now? | :04:01. | :04:06. | |
Exactly. The horse meat came from blocks of powered filler, one of | :04:06. | :04:12. | |
the many ingredients in burgers. Burgers rarely contain 100% beef. | :04:12. | :04:17. | |
The FSA has two classifications for burger products, a standard beef | :04:17. | :04:23. | |
burger, need only contain 62% beef, a chicken burger, 55% chicken, and | :04:23. | :04:28. | |
a pork burger, 67% pig meat. For called economy products, the | :04:28. | :04:38. | |
:04:38. | :04:46. | ||
These days we expect our food to be fresh all year round, and food | :04:46. | :04:50. | |
supply chains stretch right round the globe, ensuring food security | :04:50. | :04:55. | |
has become ever more difficult. At the same time, testing is more | :04:55. | :05:00. | |
sophisticated, and you can identify all kinds of alien substances, | :05:00. | :05:05. | |
alien DNA, but you have to decide what you are looking for. | :05:06. | :05:11. | |
Technicians analysing meat samples like this can test for horse DNA, | :05:11. | :05:15. | |
donkey DNA, zebra DNA, or maybe all at the same time. It is up to the | :05:15. | :05:19. | |
client to decide. The technicians can't just look for DNA that | :05:19. | :05:25. | |
shouldn't be there. It is a specific test, because it is a very | :05:25. | :05:30. | |
selective test, targeting on specific he will empts of the DNA | :05:30. | :05:33. | |
of the species of interests, it can't be a scatter gun approach. | :05:33. | :05:38. | |
That is not to say that multiplexing can't be performed if | :05:38. | :05:45. | |
a laboratory is asked to set up an as say or PCR for a variety of | :05:46. | :05:50. | |
spees she is, that can be done, but it must be named species | :05:50. | :05:54. | |
deliberately sought for in the analysis. Nearly ten years ago, the | :05:54. | :05:58. | |
Food Standards Agency found donkey DNA in salami sold in Yorkshire and | :05:58. | :06:02. | |
Tyneside. They checked over 100 salami samples, right across the | :06:02. | :06:06. | |
country, but didn't find it anywhere else. It doesn't surprise | :06:06. | :06:14. | |
me that the issue has reemerged. It is well known that maybe 80-90% of | :06:14. | :06:17. | |
food problems are problems that have happened before, and then | :06:17. | :06:22. | |
reemerge into the system. The problem is, we don't know when that | :06:22. | :06:27. | |
reemergence is going to take place. Others say this issue shows the | :06:27. | :06:31. | |
need for tougher enforcement in this industry now. With public | :06:31. | :06:36. | |
confidence undermined. DNA testing of meat, once the exception, could | :06:36. | :06:43. | |
become far more common. Professor Philip James is a food | :06:43. | :06:46. | |
policy expert, who drew up the blueprint for what became the Food | :06:46. | :06:53. | |
Standards Agency, and lelen Browning leads the farming group, | :06:53. | :06:56. | |
the Soil Association. We invited executives from the meat and | :06:56. | :07:00. | |
supermarket sector, they said they were unavailable. Warm welcome to | :07:00. | :07:05. | |
both of you. The extraordinary thing is even Tesco hold us it was | :07:05. | :07:08. | |
surprised by all this, Tesco doesn't know where its own meat | :07:08. | :07:13. | |
comes from? All you have to do is look at the food chain, and when I | :07:13. | :07:20. | |
try to work out how to get a valid system, so that people can be | :07:20. | :07:25. | |
assured, that was during the BSE crisis and the E-coli. It rapidly | :07:25. | :07:29. | |
became available that there was the issue of control of abattoirs, | :07:29. | :07:34. | |
which was far from perfect, and then there was the whole issue of | :07:34. | :07:39. | |
where do all these components come from? I didn't realise at the time, | :07:39. | :07:44. | |
and I told parliament in an inquiry about a year or two later, I hadn't | :07:44. | :07:49. | |
realised just how much food and ingredients were coming from abroad. | :07:49. | :07:55. | |
And in the nature of the Food Standards Agency, I realised it was | :07:55. | :08:00. | |
essentially impossible to have a monitoring system that would track | :08:00. | :08:05. | |
every portion of ingredients and food that came from abroad. | :08:05. | :08:09. | |
Completely impossible. And so that then leads us into the EU, where if | :08:09. | :08:13. | |
the majority of our food comes from the EU, you are then dependant on | :08:13. | :08:17. | |
the European system, monitoring it, but you have to remember that this | :08:17. | :08:22. | |
is not an isolated case. In about the SE, we worked out when I was in | :08:22. | :08:27. | |
Brussels, that -- BSE, we worked out when I was in Brussels, a | :08:28. | :08:34. | |
animal cut up in Germany, and sent to Denmark and be in ten countries' | :08:34. | :08:37. | |
food products. Whose responsibility is it to trace what is in the food. | :08:37. | :08:40. | |
Is it the supermarkets, the suppliers? I think that the problem | :08:40. | :08:46. | |
we have here is we do have a global food industry, which is all about | :08:46. | :08:51. | |
trying to produce food as cheaply as possible. We have a consumer and | :08:51. | :08:54. | |
retailer putting a lot of pressure on the supply chain for cheap food. | :08:54. | :08:59. | |
You would want prices to go up? think you cannot expect, if you are | :08:59. | :09:02. | |
putting pressure all the way down the chain, on every part of the | :09:02. | :09:06. | |
chain, from the farmer to the processor to the retailer even, | :09:06. | :09:08. | |
because shareholders are demanding short-term profits from those | :09:08. | :09:12. | |
retailers as well, then you are going to get all sorts of strange | :09:12. | :09:15. | |
things happening. We have seen it over the years, we will see it | :09:15. | :09:20. | |
again. I wonder whether there is even a sense that the consumer | :09:20. | :09:24. | |
minds this. Sure, when the headline is horse meat people get very | :09:24. | :09:28. | |
agitated, as we saw from the report there, the breakdown is also on the | :09:28. | :09:33. | |
packet. You are told exactly what is in a cheap-end burger, people | :09:33. | :09:38. | |
buy them, they don't mind? They don't actually realise some of the | :09:38. | :09:41. | |
implications. I'm also in the nutrition game, the health problems | :09:41. | :09:45. | |
of Britain are extraordinary. People haven't got it into their | :09:45. | :09:49. | |
heads yet that actually what's in that stuff, and it is quite | :09:49. | :09:53. | |
difficult to tell really its impact, except for this traffic light | :09:53. | :09:57. | |
labelling, which was an attempt to get there. But that's nothing to do | :09:57. | :10:02. | |
with ingredients in terms of validating where it comes from, | :10:02. | :10:09. | |
food safety and so on, which is the only subject the FSA is having to | :10:09. | :10:14. | |
handle. I wonder if the labelling is something of a middle-class | :10:14. | :10:18. | |
obsession, if you are interested in your organics and phosphates you | :10:18. | :10:22. | |
will read it. If you are short of time and money you don't sit down | :10:23. | :10:27. | |
and wonder about the countries listed on a packet? I agree a lot | :10:27. | :10:30. | |
of people aren't reading the labelling properly, but a lot of | :10:30. | :10:33. | |
people are driven by the price on there. You sound as if you are | :10:33. | :10:37. | |
surprised by that, we are in the middle of a recession? Absolutely, | :10:37. | :10:40. | |
the pressures during the recession are greater than they were five | :10:40. | :10:45. | |
years ago. We have had huge food scandals in this country over the | :10:45. | :10:49. | |
last ten 20 or 10 years -- 10 or 20 years. We have done a lot to try to | :10:49. | :10:53. | |
remedy the situations around. When the supply chain and all the | :10:53. | :10:55. | |
businesses are under pressure, actually, there are only a few | :10:55. | :10:59. | |
people who care enough to read the label, who really want to look at | :10:59. | :11:04. | |
the prefnens, who really want to make sure they know where the food | :11:04. | :11:07. | |
comes from. You were at the heart of repairing what was a massive | :11:07. | :11:13. | |
scandal, the BSE scandal, you sound like you still don't understand the | :11:13. | :11:20. | |
transparency of the system? If you don't, who does? The fact is, it is | :11:20. | :11:22. | |
exceptionally difficult. anything properly changed since | :11:22. | :11:27. | |
then? We know that the abattoir system is different? The abattoirs | :11:27. | :11:32. | |
have changed. The nutritional labelling has changed. The called | :11:32. | :11:37. | |
validation process is now in a mode where you are essentially relying | :11:37. | :11:43. | |
on intelligence as to what probably might be there. If you have a | :11:43. | :11:45. | |
thousand tests, do you put a thousand tests into all these | :11:45. | :11:49. | |
products. You cannot do it. Therefore, the question is...This | :11:49. | :11:55. | |
Goes back to the test for the DNA of zebra? Precisely. If you are | :11:55. | :12:01. | |
going for cheap food, you will fill that food, sorry, with essentially | :12:01. | :12:06. | |
rubbish, fat, sugar, gristle, all sorts of things, just to fill it. | :12:06. | :12:10. | |
That has been recognised for a long time. Don't forget the farmers have | :12:10. | :12:16. | |
a very small proportion of the cost of that food that the retailer gets. | :12:16. | :12:20. | |
Should anybody be apologising for what is going on, and should there | :12:20. | :12:24. | |
be legal implications for this. This came up before MPs and the | :12:24. | :12:28. | |
Food Standards Agency today, should Tesco and other supermarkets be | :12:28. | :12:32. | |
thinking in terms of the legal fees this will cost them? I think they | :12:32. | :12:35. | |
should be thinking very hard about their reputation, and the security | :12:35. | :12:38. | |
of their supply chain going forward. Actually one of the things that has | :12:38. | :12:41. | |
happened as we have increased the amount of regulation around food, | :12:41. | :12:44. | |
is it has driven a lot of the smaller business, and smaller | :12:44. | :12:48. | |
abattoir, the smaller meat processors, out of business. The | :12:48. | :12:53. | |
whole system is even more globalised than it was 10 or 20 | :12:53. | :12:57. | |
years ago. When you get a problem somewhere, it will spread really | :12:57. | :13:01. | |
fast. It doesn't feel like food is cheap, food inflation is on the up? | :13:01. | :13:04. | |
Food inflation is on the up, these pressures will get greater. We need | :13:04. | :13:07. | |
to take short-term thinking out, we need to plan for the long-term. We | :13:07. | :13:11. | |
need Governments to think about the long-term. And we need retailers to | :13:11. | :13:14. | |
be working fairly with the businesses who are supplying them | :13:14. | :13:18. | |
with the farmers supplying those businesses, to make sure we really | :13:18. | :13:20. | |
do know where food comes from into the future. | :13:20. | :13:23. | |
Thank you very much. This week, the Government announced | :13:23. | :13:30. | |
a concrete plan to build the second stage of the high-speed 2 rail line | :13:30. | :13:34. | |
from Manchester to Leeds. That won't be built until much later, so | :13:34. | :13:37. | |
much for speed. That crawls through the planning stages and Britain | :13:37. | :13:41. | |
should have decided what to do with the other big infrastructure | :13:41. | :13:44. | |
headache, airports. The review into aviation capacity won't report | :13:44. | :13:47. | |
until after the next general election in 2015, whereupon it | :13:47. | :13:51. | |
could take a further decade before anything is built. While Britain | :13:51. | :13:55. | |
delays, dozens of rival airports are eating our proverbial lunch. We | :13:55. | :14:04. | |
have been to Amsterdam and Istanbul, to view the competition. Long | :14:04. | :14:08. | |
before mass air travel, long before Skye Bridges, travel lators or duty | :14:08. | :14:13. | |
free were words. London's principal airport was in fact in Croydon, | :14:13. | :14:18. | |
south of the city. These pictures were shot in 1920s, these are the | :14:18. | :14:23. | |
earliest ever air passengers, flying between Amsterdam and | :14:23. | :14:26. | |
Croydon. Which is where air traffic control was invented and much of | :14:27. | :14:31. | |
the Battle of Britain was co- ordinated. King George VI trained | :14:31. | :14:35. | |
as a pilot here. Now it is a museum in the middle of an industrial | :14:35. | :14:42. | |
estate. Croydon's failure to adapt, it was literally just grass fields, | :14:42. | :14:47. | |
was replaced by an Rafah sillity in west London called Heathrow. Other | :14:47. | :14:51. | |
large airports developed around the capital, notably Gatwick and | :14:51. | :14:55. | |
Stanstead. They are not hubs, all passengers using those airports | :14:55. | :14:59. | |
start or end their journey there. Heathrow, like it or loathe it, is | :14:59. | :15:03. | |
Britain's only true hub airport, where travellers can connect with | :15:03. | :15:06. | |
flight to almost anywhere in the world. But as most people will | :15:06. | :15:10. | |
agree, Heathrow is now full, its owners are screaming out for | :15:10. | :15:15. | |
permission to build another runway. The fifth major review since the | :15:15. | :15:19. | |
1960s into airport capacity in the south-east is now under way. | :15:19. | :15:23. | |
Although it won't report until late 2015, it could suggest expanding at | :15:23. | :15:28. | |
Heathrow, or Gatwick, or Stanstead. Or even building a completely new | :15:28. | :15:38. | |
:15:38. | :15:40. | ||
hub airport in the Thames Estuary. So, while London dithers, I want to | :15:40. | :15:45. | |
find out what airports in other cities are doing. First stop | :15:45. | :15:47. | |
Birmingham. Ten million people live within an hour of Birmingham | :15:47. | :15:51. | |
Airport, which has a gleaming new terminal, plenty of spare capacity, | :15:51. | :15:55. | |
and is well served by road and rail. But being just over an hour away | :15:55. | :15:59. | |
from London is one of the problems. British Airways pulled out a few | :15:59. | :16:03. | |
years ago to focus on Heathrow. And now Birmingham is a bit like a | :16:03. | :16:08. | |
beautiful bride, waiting for a suitor. | :16:09. | :16:17. | |
We have Jaguar Land Rover in sight of where we are, yet Jaguar Land | :16:17. | :16:22. | |
Rover's chief executive can't fly to us from India. How many | :16:22. | :16:26. | |
investors is this putting off. We have an aviation policy that | :16:26. | :16:29. | |
concentrates on an airport close to the capital. London is the greatest | :16:29. | :16:33. | |
city in the world, we don't deny that, and there is a lot of | :16:33. | :16:37. | |
concentration on financial services. As we rebalance the services, we | :16:37. | :16:39. | |
have to be real about getting access to markets and manufacturing. | :16:39. | :16:42. | |
We have to change what is a broken system. | :16:42. | :16:47. | |
It is not just regional airports which are hoping to steal a march, | :16:47. | :16:57. | |
:16:57. | :16:58. | ||
while London delays. I joined the 2.3 million people who | :16:58. | :17:03. | |
fly from regional British airports, on KLM, into Amsterdam. In fact, | :17:03. | :17:08. | |
people outside London are as likely to use Schiphol to get to their | :17:08. | :17:12. | |
final global destination, as they are to use Heathrow. Schiphol is a | :17:12. | :17:16. | |
large aiorn in a small country, which means in order to -- airport | :17:16. | :17:21. | |
in a small country, in order to expand it needs to lure customers | :17:21. | :17:28. | |
from other countries, Britain is the target. While Britain as | :17:28. | :17:33. | |
prevaricated and delayed about capacity enhancement, Schiphol has | :17:33. | :17:39. | |
six full-length, full-use runways. 70% of all people who use Schiphol | :17:39. | :17:42. | |
are transfer passengers, they have no intention of getting out in | :17:42. | :17:47. | |
Amsterdam. The equivalent for Heathrow is around 30%. So, | :17:47. | :17:51. | |
Schiphol has built its entire airport around passengers changing | :17:51. | :17:56. | |
planes. Something that might not make sense in London. We have the | :17:56. | :17:59. | |
one-termal concept, which makes it very easy for passengers who come | :17:59. | :18:03. | |
in to connect to flights. It is not huge distances they have to travel. | :18:03. | :18:08. | |
And, of course, our airport capacity is also built on making | :18:08. | :18:11. | |
connections, facilitating with a lot of gates, in order to make sure | :18:11. | :18:14. | |
that passengers can connect efficiently to their new flights | :18:14. | :18:19. | |
and then they can go out quickly again. KLM says it will wrap up its | :18:19. | :18:23. | |
presence in Britain even further while London prevaricate. We will | :18:23. | :18:26. | |
continue our expansion strategy into the UK, it is a prime market | :18:26. | :18:33. | |
for us. With the marketing slogan "welcome to Schiphol". Yes. Even | :18:33. | :18:38. | |
though you are in Kent? Schiphol airport was voted as Best British | :18:38. | :18:43. | |
Airport in the UK, why not! Even though Amsterdam is growing, like | :18:43. | :18:48. | |
many of Europe's older hubs, it faces stiff new competition from | :18:48. | :18:54. | |
the near east. Ten years ago Heathrow was Europe's busiest | :18:54. | :19:02. | |
aviation hub, with 63 million passengers, Schiphol had 40 million, | :19:02. | :19:07. | |
and Istanbul's airport only 10 men I don't know. Heathrow squeezed an | :19:07. | :19:17. | |
:19:17. | :19:32. | ||
extra 11% out of its two extra # Come fly with me | :19:32. | :19:42. | |
:19:42. | :19:42. | ||
It's the only way to fly. # Come fly with me | :19:42. | :19:49. | |
# Let's fly away I will have the prawns and some | :19:49. | :19:58. | |
peppers as well. Great choice, sir. All this pampering was, alas, on | :19:58. | :20:02. | |
the ground. The facility where Turkish airlines trains chefs to | :20:02. | :20:05. | |
serve food in the air, that they have prepared on the ground. It may | :20:05. | :20:09. | |
be a gimmick, but it is part of the ambition and focus of an airline | :20:09. | :20:13. | |
that few of us had heard of 20 years a but is now the fastest- | :20:13. | :20:18. | |
growing airline in the world. Taking the advantage of its key | :20:18. | :20:28. | |
:20:28. | :20:29. | ||
geographical location, where Asia meets Europe. # Come fly with me! | :20:29. | :20:34. | |
The boss of Turkish Airlines says the cost of building a new runway, | :20:34. | :20:39. | |
is roughly what he spends on a new jumbo jet, so his success in the | :20:39. | :20:42. | |
air is only possible if it is matched by expansion reinvestment | :20:42. | :20:46. | |
on the ground. I'm the decision maker, I spend millions of dollars | :20:46. | :20:50. | |
on the ground, because we are on the ground, and make the passenger | :20:50. | :20:55. | |
happy, when checking in and boarding, spend more on the ground | :20:55. | :21:01. | |
and your nation becomes a big player in the airline business. | :21:01. | :21:05. | |
My youthful co-pilot encapsulates the vigour of this rapidly growing | :21:05. | :21:08. | |
and modernising economy. Supported on the ground, and in the air, by | :21:09. | :21:14. | |
the Government. She's one of the 2,400 trainee pilots earning their | :21:14. | :21:19. | |
wings on simulators just like this one every year. While London hasn't | :21:19. | :21:25. | |
built any new runways in decades, Istanbul will have five new runways | :21:25. | :21:30. | |
by 2017. As for my first go on a Boeing 777, I think I might stick | :21:30. | :21:37. | |
to journalism. So, will all this recent growth | :21:37. | :21:42. | |
eventually run out of road? There will be a saturation point, which | :21:42. | :21:47. | |
we know. There are 150,000 motorways in the air from Europe to | :21:47. | :21:52. | |
the other parts of the world. There is not any other economic activity | :21:52. | :21:56. | |
which can replace this economy, even the Internet. Otherwise you | :21:56. | :22:01. | |
wouldn't be here. Then, the location of Istanbul is another | :22:01. | :22:07. | |
advantage for us. Istanbul is the meeting point of two continents, | :22:07. | :22:12. | |
Istanbul is in the world's economic market nearly for 3,000 years. | :22:12. | :22:19. | |
Istanbul of the capital of three empires, east Roman, Byzantine and | :22:19. | :22:26. | |
out toeman empire. It is now the -- Automan empire, now it is the | :22:26. | :22:33. | |
capital of the Turkish Republican lick. | :22:33. | :22:37. | |
-- Turkish Republic. Back to the centre of the debate, where the | :22:37. | :22:42. | |
home of the Industrial Revolution seems to find it so tough to build | :22:42. | :22:46. | |
more runway, when the demand from passengers is at least there. The | :22:46. | :22:50. | |
man who wants the additional capacity the most, he's almost | :22:50. | :22:54. | |
philosophical. I would like the answer to come as quickly as | :22:54. | :22:58. | |
possible. But, if, a quick answer is even more quickly undone, | :22:58. | :23:03. | |
because it is a, say First Minister, it is a party political issue, | :23:03. | :23:10. | |
every time there is a new election there is a reversal then, there is | :23:10. | :23:13. | |
no benefit to the British public. We need something that will survive | :23:13. | :23:15. | |
through several political cycles long enough to be delivered. | :23:15. | :23:22. | |
think it is to do with the nature of the democracy in the UK. We have | :23:22. | :23:31. | |
situations where providers of the infrastructure want to develop the | :23:32. | :23:35. | |
infrastructure, local opposition is very strong, either on social, | :23:35. | :23:38. | |
economic or environmental grounds, and there is the constant conflict | :23:39. | :23:43. | |
between those who want to build and those who want to delay or stop | :23:43. | :23:46. | |
building. The Government tends to sit in the middle. It doesn't take | :23:46. | :23:51. | |
sides, and very often if it does take sides, it supports the | :23:51. | :23:58. | |
objectors, which is what has happened at Heathrow. | :23:58. | :24:01. | |
Europe and North America used to be the only shows in town when it came | :24:01. | :24:07. | |
to air travel. Those days have gone the way of Croydon Airport. The | :24:07. | :24:12. | |
question is, not whether, but when Heathrow lose its top dog status, | :24:12. | :24:20. | |
and whether it too becomes a museum in west London. | :24:20. | :24:24. | |
The former head of remuneration at Barclays Bank has criticised the | :24:24. | :24:29. | |
size of bankers' bonuses, saying a culture of entitlement in the | :24:29. | :24:38. | |
sector led to obscene levels of reward. She also laid bare her | :24:38. | :24:44. | |
anger, for Bob Diamond, who received �20 million for his pay | :24:44. | :24:47. | |
package. She said she had been overruled when calling for him to | :24:47. | :24:53. | |
forego his bonus, she had been amazed her suggestions had fallen | :24:53. | :24:56. | |
on deaf ears. You have been grounded for a month | :24:56. | :25:04. | |
and you can take us through what she's saying. Pretty uncoloured | :25:04. | :25:08. | |
words there? She has turn the banking equivalent of turning | :25:08. | :25:11. | |
states evidence. She has said the dogs in the street have known for a | :25:11. | :25:16. | |
long time that the investment bankers are overpaid, a lot of the | :25:16. | :25:19. | |
reward leads to risk-taking, which has led to the problems over the | :25:19. | :25:22. | |
past few years. She was speaking before the banking commission in | :25:22. | :25:26. | |
her capacity of the former chairman of the remuneration committee in | :25:26. | :25:31. | |
Barclays, who decide how much big guys like Bob Diamond get paid. She | :25:31. | :25:35. | |
recommended he gets zero bonus for 2011, because they had an | :25:35. | :25:38. | |
"unacceptable" year. That was overruled by the chairman. And the | :25:38. | :25:43. | |
chairman who is no longer with the bank either, prevailed. The think | :25:43. | :25:47. | |
she was saying to the commission is that shareholders have suffered. | :25:47. | :25:51. | |
The owner of the bank have suffered, whilst the big boss, who were paid | :25:51. | :25:57. | |
so much, have not. Shares are down 70% between 2007 and 2012 yet the | :25:57. | :26:01. | |
remuneration, the total remuneration is stuck at about �12 | :26:01. | :26:05. | |
billion. That is indicative of the problem, the wider problem in the | :26:05. | :26:10. | |
banking sector. What is Barclays saying about all this? Well, | :26:10. | :26:17. | |
Barclays are officially saying nothing about Alison Carnworth's | :26:17. | :26:20. | |
statement, other than the current are you numberation chief disagrees | :26:20. | :26:25. | |
with the analysis. Supporters of the bank are saying, while she may | :26:25. | :26:33. | |
have proposed a zero bonus for Bob Diamond, she voted for the �2.7 | :26:33. | :26:37. | |
million bonus and spoke up in favour for it at the AGM last year. | :26:37. | :26:43. | |
As to why he was paid the money, the insider world is it was Bob's | :26:43. | :26:50. | |
ego, it had to be paid to placate Bob's ego. Joining me now is the | :26:50. | :26:56. | |
former Chancellor, Lord Lawson, and sir Martin Jacob, a former Deputy | :26:56. | :27:00. | |
Chairman of Barclays. Thank you for coming in. How should we see this | :27:00. | :27:05. | |
woman in this, brave to speak out, or too late after the event. What | :27:05. | :27:12. | |
do you read into what we have learned today? I don't think her | :27:12. | :27:20. | |
evidence is all that important. What is important is the basic | :27:20. | :27:25. | |
remuneration that bankers are paid is too high. That is just a | :27:25. | :27:28. | |
Barclays problem it affects all bank. The reason Alison Carnwath's | :27:28. | :27:33. | |
evidence is note worthy, is she said all this, or she claims she | :27:33. | :27:37. | |
said all this at the time. It is not a revelation, and it was | :27:37. | :27:41. | |
ignored. How can we be in this situation, four years after the | :27:41. | :27:44. | |
credit crunch, where this kind of stuff is still being ignored? | :27:44. | :27:50. | |
tell you it certainly wouldn't have happened in my day. I can't comment | :27:50. | :27:54. | |
on the internal workings between the remuneration committee, and the | :27:54. | :27:59. | |
main board of Barclays. I would have thought that if you were the | :27:59. | :28:02. | |
chairman of the remuneration committee and you didn't get your | :28:02. | :28:05. | |
way, on an issue like this, I would have thought you wouldn't have | :28:05. | :28:15. | |
continued in that role and resigned right away. But I would like to | :28:15. | :28:18. | |
just say something more general about the pay of bankers. There are | :28:18. | :28:24. | |
a couple of things which boards in general fail to take proper account | :28:24. | :28:27. | |
of. One was that these high salaries are very unpopular with | :28:27. | :28:31. | |
the public at large, with the customer, and that unpopularity is | :28:31. | :28:39. | |
picked up by the Governments, and political leaders. That has a very | :28:39. | :28:44. | |
bad effect in terms of the actions Governments take against banks. | :28:44. | :28:51. | |
is very interesting that. You will not find a politician on the scene | :28:51. | :28:57. | |
today, apart from Boris Johnson, who bigs up bankers and the bonuses, | :28:57. | :29:01. | |
but none of them do anything to change it, do they? That is locked | :29:01. | :29:05. | |
at the present time. One of the things the banking commission is | :29:05. | :29:11. | |
looking at is bankers' remuneration. I remember asking Alistair darling | :29:11. | :29:15. | |
about that four years ago? I'm not talking about Alastair Darling, | :29:15. | :29:19. | |
nice fellow that he is. It is successive Governments? It is | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
something we are looking at as a commission, among other things in | :29:22. | :29:25. | |
the banking area. That is why we had the hearing with Alison | :29:26. | :29:31. | |
Carnwath today. One of the striking things, one of the alarming things, | :29:31. | :29:36. | |
Martin is absolutely right, bankers a pay has gone completely out of | :29:36. | :29:40. | |
hand. It is not as if these are particularly special people, a lot | :29:40. | :29:44. | |
of them. They are intelligent, they work hard, but they are readily | :29:44. | :29:53. | |
replacable, most of the time. million Bob Diamond got, for 2011, | :29:53. | :30:00. | |
the leer of LIBOR? For Barclays, in the run up to the crash, what they | :30:00. | :30:05. | |
called structured capital products. Structured capital products, was a | :30:06. | :30:10. | |
euphamism for tax avoidance. They were in the tax avoidance business | :30:10. | :30:15. | |
in massive way. That was earning them something like �100 billion a | :30:16. | :30:25. | |
:30:26. | :30:26. | ||
year. The people doing that were paid enormous bonuses. You know, it | :30:26. | :30:33. | |
was no great skill. Your last point, Sir Martin, it is very unhealthy | :30:33. | :30:38. | |
when Governments bash bankers, but what happens? Nobody actually | :30:38. | :30:42. | |
leaves, nobody goes to Geneva, or takes their business elsewhere, | :30:42. | :30:49. | |
that is just an empty threat, isn't it? I don't think it is, I think it | :30:49. | :30:54. | |
has a highly undesirable combination of events. It makes the | :30:54. | :30:59. | |
existing people running the banks, right now, much more cautious of | :31:00. | :31:05. | |
everything they do, with the result that they are not functioning. | :31:05. | :31:08. | |
current head of Barclays, should people be looking at what he gets | :31:08. | :31:12. | |
now? There are questions over what his bonus is? The current head of | :31:12. | :31:16. | |
Barclays got exactly the same what the previous head of Barclays got, | :31:16. | :31:20. | |
with no bonus, he is not taking any bonus and no pay increase. Should | :31:20. | :31:25. | |
there be a position to clawback bonuses for years that have proven | :31:25. | :31:30. | |
to be ...I Think so. There is one thing which I think, just before I | :31:30. | :31:36. | |
answer that point, which I think people forget when they are in the | :31:36. | :31:41. | |
boardrooms, deciding on the pay. That's this, that you may have a | :31:41. | :31:44. | |
really star trader, he may be very, very valuable, and you may think | :31:44. | :31:49. | |
you have to pay a lot to get him, and he may make a lot of profits, | :31:49. | :31:55. | |
but those profits are made by the combination, not by him alone, but | :31:55. | :32:01. | |
by the combination of him and name of the bank he's working for. | :32:01. | :32:05. | |
People forget that. That is why bankers aren't the same. Presumably | :32:05. | :32:08. | |
banks have proved that they cannot deal with this question on their | :32:08. | :32:13. | |
own. If we are still hearing testimonies like this, four years | :32:13. | :32:16. | |
after the beginning of the crunch, five years some would say. They | :32:16. | :32:23. | |
can't do this themselves can they? They need regulation. I'm not sure | :32:23. | :32:26. | |
whether regulation. There needs to be some regulation, of course, I'm | :32:26. | :32:30. | |
not sure regulation is the whole answer, I'm sure it is not. I'm not | :32:30. | :32:36. | |
sure it is the main part of the problem. It will always be gamed. | :32:37. | :32:44. | |
You have to have structural changes of various kind. But three things, | :32:44. | :32:48. | |
first of all we do want to have a strong banking industry in this | :32:48. | :32:54. | |
country. It is good for the economy. We shouldn't give it away. We | :32:54. | :32:58. | |
should clean it up, and the third thing, you are absolutely right, | :32:59. | :33:02. | |
these people are not going to up stick and go somewhere else. Thank | :33:02. | :33:10. | |
you both very much indeed. In a few Government moment we will speak to | :33:10. | :33:14. | |
the Mexican actor, Gael Garcia Bernal, about his new film about | :33:14. | :33:20. | |
the fall of Pinochet. First, to help the poorest six million pay | :33:20. | :33:24. | |
their council tax, it is the most widely means-tested benefit in | :33:24. | :33:27. | |
Britain. It is a major headache from tomorrow for local authorities, | :33:27. | :33:32. | |
the Government has decided to cut the budget by 10% and relinguish | :33:33. | :33:37. | |
administration of it, councils have to decide whether to swallow the | :33:37. | :33:41. | |
cut or make savings elsewhere, or start charging people a portion of | :33:41. | :33:45. | |
their council tax. One former Conservative cabinet minister said | :33:45. | :33:52. | |
the changes could be a new poll tax for the Government. Wind the clock | :33:52. | :33:56. | |
back to the start of the 60, and not go lamb was the setting for the | :33:56. | :34:01. | |
classic film Saturday Night, Sunday Morning. A young, bed-hopping | :34:01. | :34:06. | |
chancer of a character, played by Albert Finney, enjoys chasing the | :34:06. | :34:11. | |
city's women by night. But he doesn't exactly ooze enthusiasm | :34:11. | :34:19. | |
about the day job. At a bike factory run by Raleigh. | :34:19. | :34:24. | |
No wonder I always have a bad back, don't let the bastards grind you | :34:24. | :34:30. | |
down, I have learned that. coalition have promised to make | :34:30. | :34:34. | |
work pay people like this bike- building anti-hero, it has also | :34:34. | :34:40. | |
promised to make the benefits system simpler and fairer. Many | :34:40. | :34:44. | |
locals here, including here in Nottingham, are pretty sniffy about | :34:44. | :34:47. | |
a change that will make them responsible for helping poorer | :34:47. | :34:50. | |
families with their council tax. It will be the job of the devolved | :34:50. | :34:54. | |
administration in Scotland and Wales, Northern Ireland still has | :34:54. | :34:59. | |
the rates. The Resolution Foundation think-tank said that | :34:59. | :35:03. | |
over half of local authorities that replied to them, over three- | :35:03. | :35:08. | |
quarters plan to bring in a council tax repayment for two thirds of the | :35:08. | :35:12. | |
lowest paid households of working age. Nottingham is one of them. | :35:12. | :35:15. | |
Government has given us the council tax benefits system to manage, they | :35:15. | :35:19. | |
have cut the budget by 10%, it is going to get worse because we have | :35:19. | :35:22. | |
been told to exempt pensioners and there is no inflation. In addition, | :35:22. | :35:26. | |
it has sold a way that is dividing society T has told everyone that | :35:26. | :35:31. | |
people on benefits are scroungers, a lot of people, we know, are not. | :35:31. | :35:34. | |
All working-age households in Nottingham will have to pay at | :35:34. | :35:40. | |
least 8.5% of their council tax bill, around �82 a year for a | :35:40. | :35:45. | |
single parent in a band B property. Across England, many of the 2.5 | :35:45. | :35:49. | |
million households with no-one working and currently exempt from | :35:49. | :35:57. | |
council tax will have to start paying it, typically between �96- | :35:57. | :36:02. | |
�255 a year. 70,000 families with one person working will be affected. | :36:02. | :36:06. | |
A single parent with children working part-time could see their | :36:06. | :36:11. | |
bill rocket from �173 a year, to �750. I have come to meet one of | :36:11. | :36:17. | |
those who will be affected by the changes. Jo Scott works 25 hours a | :36:17. | :36:21. | |
week and has two school-age daughters. She knows a new bill | :36:21. | :36:25. | |
will soon land on her doorstep, but doesn't know for how much. I do | :36:25. | :36:29. | |
work here in school hours, which is very convenient, but obviously | :36:29. | :36:37. | |
means I'm only working part-time. I'm an admin assistant, I do a lot | :36:37. | :36:42. | |
of computer work and paperwork, I'm concerned about how it will affect | :36:42. | :36:47. | |
us as a family, we do struggle as it is being on a part-time wage and | :36:47. | :36:50. | |
being a single parent already. Anything additional taken away from | :36:50. | :36:57. | |
that is a concern. Back in 1960s Nottingham, Arthur Seaton is still | :36:57. | :37:00. | |
chasing skirt, where will this benefit change now leave the | :37:00. | :37:04. | |
political parties in their chase for votes. | :37:04. | :37:09. | |
Councils are also rushing to meet a deadline this week to work out how | :37:09. | :37:12. | |
they should implement this idea in their own areas. Remember the | :37:12. | :37:16. | |
question of what people make of it, what political blow-back there | :37:16. | :37:19. | |
could be, with some people suggesting they are asking lots of | :37:19. | :37:23. | |
people on relatively moderate incomes to make some contribution | :37:23. | :37:28. | |
to their local services, has something of the whiff of the poll | :37:28. | :37:32. | |
tax. Nonsense say Conservative MPs, who see this change as sensible and | :37:32. | :37:38. | |
logical. Ultimately we are in a desperate financial mess. There is | :37:38. | :37:41. | |
also a real psychological situation, where if you get something for free, | :37:41. | :37:45. | |
you really don't value it. Now, you put those two together, and there | :37:45. | :37:51. | |
has to come a point where everybody has to pay something towards where | :37:51. | :37:55. | |
they live. But, the Conservative peer who designed the poll tax has | :37:55. | :38:00. | |
warned this could be the poll tax mark two. It shunting that grim for | :38:00. | :38:04. | |
the Tories, he hopes, but...If have a large number of people who | :38:04. | :38:09. | |
who have never paid anything, and are expected to pay relatively | :38:09. | :38:13. | |
small sums, it is that which created the fuss. For you, once | :38:13. | :38:17. | |
bitten twice shy, you don't want the Government coming up against | :38:17. | :38:22. | |
the same thing you did? I didn't persuade colleagues of that. This | :38:22. | :38:26. | |
change will happen, and plenty of people here in Nottingham and | :38:26. | :38:31. | |
elsewhere are preparing for an unwelcome raid on their already | :38:31. | :38:35. | |
squeezed pockets. What happens when a dictator gives | :38:35. | :38:42. | |
his people the chance to vote him out of power? That unlikely | :38:42. | :38:47. | |
scenario is the story of Chile's Pinochet, who after a decade of | :38:47. | :38:51. | |
unrelenting control offers a referendum. This is captured in a | :38:51. | :38:59. | |
film called starkly No. A young advertising hot shot recently | :38:59. | :39:03. | |
returned from exile played by Gael Garcia Bernal is the hero. First a | :39:03. | :39:12. | |
glimpse of No. It's 1988, the feared Chilean | :39:12. | :39:17. | |
dictator, Augusto Pinochet, has succumbed for a referendum on his | :39:17. | :39:21. | |
leadership. A coalition of opposition parties campaign for a | :39:21. | :39:28. | |
No vote. And decide to bring in a young skateboarding executive, to | :39:28. | :39:33. | |
convince a demoralised population to vote against Pinochet and for | :39:33. | :39:38. | |
democratic elections. This is the first-ever Chilean work to be | :39:38. | :39:43. | |
nominated for Best Foreign Film at the Oscars. Shot using grainy 1980s | :39:43. | :39:49. | |
cameras. It weaves in real-life foot j from the rather to give the | :39:49. | :39:58. | |
-- footage from the era. He decides to run a positive campaign, under | :39:58. | :40:04. | |
the banner "Chile Happiness Is Coming". Some say it looks like a | :40:04. | :40:09. | |
soft drinks advert. But for him that is the genius. | :40:10. | :40:13. | |
This is one of the advertising executives the film was based on, | :40:13. | :40:19. | |
he worked with the actors during the shoot. You can offer more | :40:19. | :40:24. | |
violence and more blood, we needed to change this emotion. We needed | :40:24. | :40:29. | |
to change this para dime, we proposed another pardigm, if we can | :40:29. | :40:33. | |
live together we can live in peace. The star of the film, Gael Garcia | :40:33. | :40:37. | |
Bernal, is no strange Tory such political roles. As well as taking | :40:37. | :40:41. | |
on parts like che gre var ra, in The Motorcycle Diaries, he has worn | :40:41. | :40:45. | |
his political heart on his sleeve, working for Amnesty International, | :40:45. | :40:51. | |
turning his back on Hollywood to some extent, in favour of more | :40:51. | :40:58. | |
arthouse roles. There are rumours of blockbuster offers from | :40:58. | :41:01. | |
Hollywood for Mexico's favourite son, but will the love affair be | :41:01. | :41:04. | |
mutual. Gael Garcia Bernal is with me now. | :41:04. | :41:10. | |
Thank you for coming in. You are attracted to what, revolution, or | :41:10. | :41:13. | |
revolutionaries, it is an attractive role for you? Yeah, I | :41:13. | :41:19. | |
think the films that shake up the established narrative are the ones | :41:19. | :41:25. | |
that interest me. Ultimately the ones that I get called for. I don't | :41:25. | :41:33. | |
usually get called for films that are... Playing the banker? You know | :41:33. | :41:38. | |
how it is going to end in a sense. This film, I think, it taps into | :41:38. | :41:45. | |
something that has a change of pardigm, definitely. One of the | :41:45. | :41:50. | |
biggest and more heroic feats that democracy has seen in the world. | :41:50. | :41:58. | |
And it gives also a critical point of view about democracy and the | :41:58. | :42:01. | |
compromise that was made as well. This election was won, but there | :42:01. | :42:05. | |
was a compromise within it. Many things changed, but there was also | :42:05. | :42:10. | |
the open question. What did it really change? And also, the whole | :42:10. | :42:18. | |
nature of selling politics like McCrown knee cheese, or coke -- | :42:18. | :42:23. | |
macaroni cheese, or Coca-Cola, almost a cheapened message for the | :42:23. | :42:27. | |
end. What was your thought about that? There is this thing that | :42:27. | :42:32. | |
Pinochet became a classical tragedy himself, you know. He came and | :42:32. | :42:38. | |
imposed, or was a puppet of this imposition of an economic model, | :42:38. | :42:44. | |
which is calling for the markets. And he did reform it? He did. But | :42:45. | :42:51. | |
it was through the tools that he imposed which was the way they | :42:51. | :42:57. | |
chuck him out of power. It was through publicity, the most | :42:57. | :43:02. | |
perverted version of a publicity, which they used it in favour of the | :43:02. | :43:05. | |
No Campaign, already a big political campaign. But I call it | :43:05. | :43:09. | |
perverted because at the end of the day it was very technical. It was | :43:09. | :43:14. | |
like, they didn't want to sell violence, they didn't want to use | :43:14. | :43:21. | |
the message of, the ideas that were in opposition to Pinochet, meaning, | :43:21. | :43:26. | |
showing everything that he had done before, you know, all the | :43:26. | :43:30. | |
disappeared people. They twisted and they shifted into a kind of | :43:30. | :43:35. | |
happy campaign. And you have said that politics in South America, in | :43:35. | :43:40. | |
Latin America, is everything. It's daily life. And here, or in other | :43:40. | :43:44. | |
parts of the world, where you have lived, it is more of a recreational | :43:44. | :43:50. | |
sport? Yes, I think, it is, it has that kind of maybe it has to do | :43:50. | :43:55. | |
with the connection that ever since we were kids, and politics is very | :43:55. | :44:01. | |
engrained into our day-to-day life, where you buy this or that. | :44:01. | :44:06. | |
everything is about La Luce, the struggle, the fight? I was lucky | :44:06. | :44:10. | |
enough to be born into a point where my generation was the first | :44:10. | :44:15. | |
one in Latin America to see, more or less, the kind of stablised | :44:15. | :44:20. | |
democracy. The first time I voted of the first time that the PRI, now | :44:20. | :44:25. | |
in power, when I voted of the first time that the PRI went out of power, | :44:25. | :44:31. | |
after 72 years. You have lived here, I know, you have shaken cocktails | :44:31. | :44:35. | |
and bars and in Islington and all the rest of it, when you look at | :44:35. | :44:38. | |
the politics now, we were chatting, David Cameron's launching his | :44:38. | :44:43. | |
referendum, if gets in, on the EU, how do you see something like that | :44:43. | :44:49. | |
being run? Do you run that as a campaign for happiness? It depends | :44:49. | :44:53. | |
on the question being asked, and how the question is being asked. I | :44:54. | :44:59. | |
think it is definitely a call for an urgent discussion, back in those | :44:59. | :45:06. | |
days, in 1988, the referendum was basically the only way that | :45:06. | :45:10. | |
Pinochet could legitimise, and could appropriate democracy. He was | :45:10. | :45:18. | |
going to be elected dictator, in a way. That was a very particular | :45:18. | :45:23. | |
thing. But also in those days, there was less media. Television | :45:23. | :45:29. | |
meant everything, you know, in the sense. Nowadays, the discussion can | :45:29. | :45:35. | |
be much more open, it will be a little bit less serious, on some | :45:35. | :45:44. | |
levels. It can be manipulated on a very "democratic" way. Does it feel | :45:44. | :45:49. | |
manipulated here, or superficial, or do you think it is just not a | :45:49. | :45:52. | |
tragic time? It is interesting to see how much participation there | :45:52. | :46:01. | |
would be in a referendum like this. In this referendum in 1988, 7% of | :46:01. | :46:05. | |
the voting population voted, -- 97% of the voting population voted, | :46:05. | :46:10. | |
that is one of the biggest turnouts. In recent elections in Chile 30-40% | :46:10. | :46:19. | |
of people voted in the elections. We're kind of also where the | :46:19. | :46:23. | |
discontent for democracy is a credible one, we are questioning it. | :46:23. | :46:31. | |
Democracy is a word that has been used and tampered. Let me -- | :46:32. | :46:36. | |
Stafrpled. We talked about Hollywood's love affair with you, | :46:36. | :46:41. | |
you have been offered Zorro would you like to become part of that | :46:41. | :46:46. | |
world now? I would like my own pathway, in a sense, that is what I | :46:46. | :46:51. | |
have been lucky enough to be doing. If it involves every now and then | :46:51. | :46:55. | |
getting a glimpse of how it is to work in Hollywood, yeah, I will. | :46:56. | :47:00. | |
But just for the fun of it, really, it is another option. If I have to | :47:00. | :47:04. | |
do only films in Latin America, I'm more than happy to do films in | :47:04. | :47:07. | |
Latin America, no problem. Gael Garcia Bernal thank you. Thank you. | :47:07. | :47:12. | |
Just before we go we will take you quickly through the front pages of | :47:12. | :47:22. | |
:47:22. | :47:44. | ||
That's all tonight. Join us again tomorrow. | :47:44. | :47:54. | |
:47:54. | :47:56. | ||
Goodbye for now. Hello, wind will strengthen again | :47:56. | :47:59. | |
overnight. There is a belt of rain sweeping across the country. It | :47:59. | :48:02. | |
should be clear by rush hour from England and Wales. But the rain | :48:02. | :48:05. | |
lingering across Scotland. Some snow over the higher ground, | :48:05. | :48:09. | |
elsewhere a lot of sunshine, it is the gusty winds that will be a | :48:09. | :48:12. | |
particular feature, especially in northern England. Gusts of 50-60 | :48:12. | :48:17. | |
miles an hour. A westerly wind, if you are travelling on the A1 it | :48:17. | :48:21. | |
could be tricky. Very few showers across England. Not as many as | :48:21. | :48:24. | |
today, fleeting, few and far between. A good deal of sunshine. | :48:24. | :48:28. | |
But the winds are going to be strong and gusty just about | :48:28. | :48:33. | |
everywhere, I suspect. They will take the edge off the temperatures, | :48:33. | :48:37. | |
just as they did today.-10 degrees. In Northern Ireland a windy start | :48:37. | :48:44. | |
in the morning, possibly a bit less wint windy in the afternoon. | :48:44. | :48:47. | |
Largely dry. The The wettest weather in Scotland, stuck across | :48:47. | :48:51. | |
central areas, snow over the higher ground. It will feel cold across | :48:51. | :48:58. | |
northern Scotland, not as windy as it was today. Lighter winds today. | :48:58. | :49:01. | |
Turning colder across the north in particular. Thursday lots of | :49:02. | :49:05. | |
sunshine across the southern half of the UK, for a while on Friday we | :49:05. | :49:09. |