Browse content similar to 06/02/2013. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight, failings at every level of the NHS in England. Hundreds of | :00:12. | :00:16. | |
patients died needlessly at Stafford Hospital, now accusations | :00:16. | :00:21. | |
of corporate self-interest being put above patient care. There were | :00:21. | :00:25. | |
incidents of callous treatment by ward staff. Patients who could not | :00:25. | :00:28. | |
eat or drink without help could not receive it. Medicines were | :00:29. | :00:32. | |
prescribeed but not given. Government is here to explain why | :00:32. | :00:36. | |
no-one has lost their job. There are 290 recommendations for change. | :00:36. | :00:40. | |
We ask our panel if they think the worst has passed. Also tonight, how | :00:40. | :00:43. | |
the self-employed are driving up the job market. | :00:43. | :00:48. | |
If I decide I want to work hard, I can work hard and earn a bit more. | :00:48. | :00:55. | |
If I don't want to work, I earn less. | :00:55. | :00:58. | |
Is the microchip going to solve the issue of stray dogs? | :00:58. | :01:03. | |
Also tonight, what is going on in out irspace, we shed light on dark | :01:03. | :01:08. | |
-- outer space, we shed light on dark matter, with some ball | :01:08. | :01:16. | |
bearings. It seems everyone today has said | :01:16. | :01:21. | |
sorry, and no-one has lost their job. The blunt words of the chief | :01:21. | :01:25. | |
campaigner, as the public inquiry into the hundreds of unnecessary | :01:25. | :01:29. | |
deaths at Stafford Hospital found failings every level of the NHS in | :01:29. | :01:33. | |
England. The testimonies from the patients and families are harrowing. | :01:33. | :01:37. | |
One man begging his life not to go as he was left to dive blood | :01:37. | :01:43. | |
poisoning alone. A young boy after a bike accident, failed to have his | :01:43. | :01:46. | |
ruptured spleen recognised. Patients so dehydrated they were | :01:46. | :01:53. | |
drinking from bedside flower vases.S the Trust halves accused of | :01:53. | :01:56. | |
self- interest, the Prime Minister apologised and promised | :01:56. | :01:59. | |
improvements in care. There are 290 recommendations in | :01:59. | :02:05. | |
the inquiry, what happens now? For the families who lost loved | :02:05. | :02:09. | |
ones, and whose persistent warnings were ignored, this morning brought | :02:09. | :02:14. | |
recognition. With the findings of the full public inquiry into their | :02:14. | :02:18. | |
experiences. Why the NHS took so long to react. What needs to change | :02:18. | :02:23. | |
to make sure nothing like this ever happens again. So the inquiry has | :02:23. | :02:28. | |
just reported its findings. A story, it says, of terrible and | :02:28. | :02:32. | |
unnecessary suffering for hundreds of people. Failed by a system that | :02:32. | :02:36. | |
ignored the warning signs and put corporate self-interest and cost | :02:36. | :02:41. | |
control ahead of patients and their safety. Robert Francis wants a | :02:41. | :02:45. | |
comprehensive change of culture across the NHS to put the patient | :02:45. | :02:48. | |
at the heart of everything. Something the families wanted, a | :02:48. | :02:52. | |
statutory duty of candour. What that means is that everyone must | :02:52. | :02:56. | |
tell the truth to patients, regardless of the consequences for | :02:56. | :02:59. | |
themselves. The inquiry chairman, Robert | :02:59. | :03:03. | |
Francis, said the last thing required is more radical | :03:03. | :03:06. | |
reorganisation. But produced nearly 300 detailed recommendations, that | :03:06. | :03:11. | |
he says, will put patients ahead of everything else. Every single | :03:11. | :03:15. | |
person, and organisation within the NHS, and not only those whose | :03:15. | :03:19. | |
actions are described in this report, needs to reflect, from | :03:19. | :03:23. | |
today, on what needs to be done differently in future. He said five | :03:24. | :03:29. | |
key things are now needed, fundamental standards on patient | :03:29. | :03:32. | |
care, with enforcement. The report talk about a new criminal offence | :03:32. | :03:37. | |
if these are breached. Openness and honesty throughout the system, with | :03:37. | :03:41. | |
legal standing. Support for compassionate nursing, including | :03:41. | :03:45. | |
training. Better leadership, focused on patients. Accurate, | :03:45. | :03:50. | |
relevant data to make sure standards of care are being met. | :03:50. | :03:54. | |
The Prime Minister apologised to the families involved, on behalf of | :03:54. | :03:58. | |
the Government and the country. He said too many doctors kept their | :03:58. | :04:02. | |
heads down, and regulators have difficult questions to answer. | :04:02. | :04:06. | |
The inquiry finds that the appalling suffering at the Mid- | :04:06. | :04:09. | |
Staffordshire Hospital was primarily caused by a serious | :04:09. | :04:12. | |
failure on behalf of the Trust Board, which failed to listen to | :04:12. | :04:17. | |
patients and staff, and failed to tackle what Robert Francis calls an | :04:17. | :04:20. | |
"insidious negative culture, involving a tolerance of poor | :04:20. | :04:25. | |
standards and a disengagment from managerial and leadership | :04:25. | :04:27. | |
responsibilities". David Cameron's just reacted to the report in | :04:27. | :04:31. | |
parliament, he said's going to respond to the 290 recommendations | :04:31. | :04:35. | |
next month. But for today, he's going to introduce penalties for | :04:35. | :04:39. | |
people who run hospitals, if they fail in their standard of care, not | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
just financially. He's going to implement surveys of friends and | :04:43. | :04:47. | |
families and publish those. He's going to bring in a new Ofsted- | :04:47. | :04:52. | |
style inspection regime, with a new Chief Inspector of hospitals. | :04:52. | :04:57. | |
The families welcome much of this, but some want accountability. Gerry | :04:57. | :05:04. | |
Robinson lost his 20-year-old -- Frank Robinson lost his 20-year-old | :05:04. | :05:08. | |
son John after a ruptured spleen, after being sent home from the | :05:08. | :05:11. | |
hospital with bruised ribs. He wants the chief executive of the | :05:12. | :05:20. | |
NHS in England to resign. Had Sir David Nicholson done his job at the | :05:20. | :05:26. | |
Stafford Hospital, who were Monday torg staff at the time of -- | :05:26. | :05:32. | |
monitoring staff at the time of our son's death. How can he have a lot | :05:32. | :05:41. | |
to offer the NHS, he has a lot to answer for. Sir David was head of | :05:41. | :05:46. | |
two strategic health authorities from 2005-2006, now he has take up | :05:46. | :05:53. | |
a role to head up the NHS in England and Wales. He has already | :05:53. | :05:58. | |
apologised to the families over what happened. I understand the | :05:58. | :06:01. | |
upset that they feel over the treatment of their families in the | :06:01. | :06:05. | |
hospital. I apologise, and I apologise again for what happened. | :06:05. | :06:09. | |
Apologies are not enough, we need action and to make things happen. | :06:09. | :06:14. | |
asked Robert Francis to explain why he had decided individuals should | :06:14. | :06:20. | |
not be blamed. What we have here is a serious failure of a whole system, | :06:20. | :06:23. | |
because of an institutional culture, which put corporate self-interest | :06:23. | :06:27. | |
and financial control, ahead of patients and their safety. Everyone | :06:27. | :06:29. | |
in the NHS, whether they are mentioned in this report, or | :06:29. | :06:33. | |
whether they are not, should read it and reflect on the lessons to be | :06:33. | :06:36. | |
learned from it. Unless that happens, we may well see all this | :06:36. | :06:42. | |
happening again. We must have that happening. Finding a scapegoat, and | :06:42. | :06:45. | |
saying that's the solution, will fool people, but it won't change | :06:45. | :06:50. | |
what needs to be done. Some in the medical profession have | :06:50. | :06:54. | |
suggested that the Labour Government's focus on targets had | :06:54. | :06:59. | |
shifted attention away from patient care. But Alan Johnson, Health | :06:59. | :07:06. | |
Secretary from mid-2007 to mid-2009, said targets had brought vital | :07:06. | :07:09. | |
changes. Francis makes it very clear, in a very eloquent passage, | :07:10. | :07:15. | |
that there is a place for targets, properly formulated targets, | :07:15. | :07:18. | |
properly monitored. When we came into Government in 1997, you have | :07:18. | :07:23. | |
to remember one in every 25 patients on a cardiac waiting list | :07:23. | :07:27. | |
were dying before being operated on. People waited years for a simple | :07:27. | :07:30. | |
cataract operation. It was a terrible situation. The best the | :07:30. | :07:35. | |
previous Government could do is you won't wait any longer than 18 | :07:35. | :07:39. | |
months. We set out, and this was killing people, long waiting lists | :07:39. | :07:43. | |
was bad clinical care. The introduction of targets to get them | :07:43. | :07:47. | |
down in this vast organisation with 1.3 million people working in it, | :07:47. | :07:54. | |
was thriel a contribute to patient care. It was high er -- higher than | :07:54. | :07:57. | |
expected mortality figures that was the early warning sign at the | :07:57. | :08:01. | |
Stafford Hospital, it took years to work out the problems there. The | :08:01. | :08:06. | |
NHS says it is looking at mortality statistics at five more trusts. | :08:06. | :08:10. | |
These are the five trusts. In response to our inquiries today | :08:10. | :08:14. | |
Colchester said its organisations are working together to understand | :08:14. | :08:19. | |
the root causes that contribute to unexpected deaths, and are not | :08:19. | :08:23. | |
complacent. East Laing Sir told us they take it very seriously and | :08:23. | :08:27. | |
welcome the -- east Lancashire told us they take it very seriously and | :08:27. | :08:30. | |
welcome the investigation. The families are awaiting the | :08:30. | :08:32. | |
Government's full response from Government. | :08:32. | :08:36. | |
The Health Minister, Norman Lamb, joined me here before we came on | :08:36. | :08:39. | |
air, I asked him how he answered always from campaigners for people | :08:39. | :08:43. | |
to lose their jobs over the scandal? First of all, I should pay | :08:43. | :08:46. | |
tribute to Julie Bailey and her colleagues. Without them this would | :08:46. | :08:50. | |
probably have never come to light. They are absolutely right, in a | :08:50. | :08:53. | |
sense, to say that people must be held to account when things go | :08:54. | :08:58. | |
wrong. But, the difficulty we have is, that the Francis report makes | :08:58. | :09:02. | |
very clear it was a system -- Francis Report, makes it very clear | :09:02. | :09:06. | |
it was a system failure. Everything was focused on, on targets and | :09:06. | :09:09. | |
finances, and people losing sight of the quality of care that is | :09:09. | :09:14. | |
actually what hospitals should be all about. Surely with hundreds of | :09:14. | :09:19. | |
people losing their lives within the NHS, is it so wrong to ask for | :09:19. | :09:22. | |
real accountability? Not at all. I absolutely agree with them. That | :09:22. | :09:27. | |
there must be accountability. I come back to this point. It was a | :09:27. | :09:32. | |
system failure. But there were individuals behind the system? | :09:32. | :09:38. | |
and the Francis Report did bear in mind and identified the board of | :09:38. | :09:40. | |
the hospital at that time of having the prime responsibility for that. | :09:40. | :09:44. | |
It is very easy to identify a scapegoat and say, get rid of that | :09:44. | :09:48. | |
person, and everything is OK. not about identifying a scapegoat, | :09:48. | :09:51. | |
it is about identifying the people who were responsible, and saying | :09:51. | :09:56. | |
they should not be in charge any more? I come back to the point that | :09:56. | :09:59. | |
Francis says that the prime responsibility was on the board. | :09:59. | :10:04. | |
You said in 2009, "as things stand, those clinicians that participated | :10:04. | :10:07. | |
in the care that is so heavily criticise, are presumably | :10:07. | :10:11. | |
continuing to work in the NHS. Should we not be concerned about | :10:11. | :10:15. | |
that?", are you no longer concerned about that? I'm absolutely | :10:15. | :10:19. | |
concerned about that. So they shouldn't be working in the NHS any | :10:19. | :10:23. | |
more? The Secretary of State has today written to both the GMC, and | :10:23. | :10:27. | |
the nursing and midwifery council, to ask them what they are doing to | :10:27. | :10:33. | |
improve their processes. Absolutely, clinicians who have failed, whose | :10:34. | :10:37. | |
performance has fallen below the standards that are acceptable, have | :10:37. | :10:40. | |
to be held to account. If there have been failings in the past, we | :10:40. | :10:44. | |
have to address those, and Francis makes this point very clearly in | :10:44. | :10:48. | |
his report, that in the future, people, both clinicians and also | :10:48. | :10:53. | |
managers, have to be held to account. Isn't it extraordinary | :10:53. | :10:59. | |
that you have put a recommendation in writing of being candid about | :10:59. | :11:02. | |
your mistakes. Isn't that an extraordinary thing to have to do | :11:02. | :11:09. | |
within the NHS? It is. Look, the whole culture has to change. There | :11:09. | :11:13. | |
is this sense that awful things have happened in Staffordshire | :11:13. | :11:18. | |
hospital, but also there have been failings elsewhere. There is a | :11:18. | :11:21. | |
sense of complacency which the Prime Minister talked about in his | :11:21. | :11:25. | |
statement today, and that absolutely has to change. We know | :11:25. | :11:31. | |
that there are another five NHS Trusts under investigation. If you | :11:31. | :11:36. | |
had relatives going into a hospital in Basildon, or in Colchester, or | :11:36. | :11:40. | |
in Blackpool, how would you feel about that, knowing that their | :11:40. | :11:43. | |
mortality rates were being investigated as we speak? Isn't it | :11:43. | :11:47. | |
right that where we identify that there may be concerns on that, that | :11:47. | :11:51. | |
we investigate it. What should they be doing? If you have a relative, | :11:51. | :11:55. | |
going into one of these hospitals, what would you be thinking? | :11:55. | :12:00. | |
Absolutely, but let's also remember, my own family has had, in very | :12:00. | :12:06. | |
recent times, fantastic care from the NHS. We have the most | :12:06. | :12:10. | |
remarkable work force, in most cases, doing brilliant work. Where | :12:10. | :12:14. | |
the standards fall below what is acceptable, there must be | :12:14. | :12:17. | |
consequences to that. That is why we are focusing. This is the third | :12:17. | :12:21. | |
inquiry in Stafford, and what you cannot say with any certainty is it | :12:21. | :12:26. | |
is not still going on elsewhere? Absolutely. That is why we are | :12:26. | :12:32. | |
being very clear that there must be no complacency here. We have taken | :12:32. | :12:36. | |
steps straight away. We are bringing in an expert who has | :12:36. | :12:40. | |
already advised the Obama administration in the United States | :12:40. | :12:47. | |
of a "zero tolerance" for failure in the NHS. We have brought in Ann | :12:47. | :12:54. | |
Clwd to guide us on the complaints issue. She has been through an | :12:54. | :12:59. | |
awful experience with her husband. With what patients and loved ones | :12:59. | :13:04. | |
have experienced is how we start to change the culture in the NHS let's | :13:04. | :13:09. | |
maintain a sense of balance, there is great --. Let's maintain a sense | :13:09. | :13:13. | |
of balance, there is great things going on in the NHS, but we must | :13:13. | :13:17. | |
not tolerate where things go wrong and we must be prepared to take | :13:17. | :13:20. | |
decisive action and critically make sure there is accountability at the | :13:20. | :13:25. | |
board level, and for clinicians who fail to meet acceptable standards. | :13:25. | :13:33. | |
That was the minister a little earlier to --, to discuss further | :13:33. | :13:36. | |
is Gerry Robinson whoa is a trouble shooter, and made programmes | :13:36. | :13:41. | |
exploring how the NHS should be reformed. Heather Wood, who led the | :13:41. | :13:46. | |
2002 investigation into Mid- Staffordshire. Julie Bailey, who | :13:46. | :13:54. | |
you heard of earlier, whose mother, Bella, died in 2007, her complaints | :13:54. | :13:59. | |
led to the public inquiry. And the executive director of the | :13:59. | :14:03. | |
Royal College of Nursing, thank you very much for coming in. And Julie | :14:03. | :14:06. | |
Bailey, if we start with you, interesting to hear Norman Lamb | :14:06. | :14:10. | |
unable to reassure us that it's not still happening elsewhere? We know | :14:10. | :14:17. | |
it is still happening. My e-mail tonight, I have got over a hundred | :14:17. | :14:22. | |
e-mails from those very hospitals. Those hospitals haven't been | :14:22. | :14:26. | |
outliars this week, but for years. Did you know before they were put | :14:26. | :14:30. | |
on the list? Yes, that's what happens, I get complaints from | :14:30. | :14:34. | |
these hospitals, I can pinpoint them and take them down to wards | :14:34. | :14:38. | |
within these hospitals that this problem is in them. Nobody is | :14:38. | :14:43. | |
watching it. We have the CQC, we have the GMC, and we have the NMC, | :14:43. | :14:48. | |
all not fit for purpose. None of them are fit for purpose. People | :14:48. | :14:52. | |
are being harmed day in and day out. We know the NHS does some wonderful | :14:52. | :14:57. | |
things, but when it can't look after our very vulnerable and | :14:57. | :15:01. | |
elderly, what sort of society are we? These people are being harmed | :15:01. | :15:07. | |
day in and day out. Janet Davies, we know there is extraordinary work | :15:07. | :15:13. | |
going on, and a lot of people must be feeling very demoralised knowing | :15:13. | :15:18. | |
they have done incredibly good work within the NHS. When you hear Julie | :15:18. | :15:21. | |
saying she can pinpoint exact wards where this is going on. How can The | :15:21. | :15:24. | |
Royal College of Nursing not know about this? First of all, it is | :15:24. | :15:27. | |
never OK to have poor care like that. And I do know there is | :15:27. | :15:31. | |
hundreds of thousands of nurses tonight who are absolutely devaste | :15:31. | :15:36. | |
bid this report. Good nurses, who are really -- devastated by this | :15:36. | :15:41. | |
report. Good nurses, who are really dedicated to their work. But we all | :15:42. | :15:46. | |
feel it. What we are hearing from our members is a lot of factors | :15:46. | :15:50. | |
have been picked up in this report, and really good things picked up | :15:50. | :15:54. | |
are still happening. The culture is still the same in many | :15:54. | :15:56. | |
organisations. At the moment we are really focusing on the finance, and | :15:56. | :16:01. | |
what we are seeing, is despite reports such as this, which shows | :16:01. | :16:05. | |
the total lack of nursing staff in these wards and areas, was really | :16:05. | :16:11. | |
part of the problem. You talk about this failure to spot it. Your boss, | :16:11. | :16:15. | |
Peter Carter, went to visit Stafford Hospital in May 2008, in | :16:15. | :16:18. | |
the middle of all this, and said he was very impressed with the | :16:18. | :16:21. | |
standard of nursing care, and he has seldom within as impressed with | :16:21. | :16:26. | |
the quality of care as he witnessed at Stafford Hospital. What was he | :16:26. | :16:28. | |
doing? That highlights that difference. Because what Peter did, | :16:28. | :16:33. | |
he went to visit some of our members. Some of our nurses working | :16:33. | :16:36. | |
in Staffordshire, he went to a small part of the hospital. He | :16:36. | :16:40. | |
didn't do the inspection, such as the CQC might do. Why not? That | :16:40. | :16:43. | |
isn't our role. He went to meet members and nurses, what he did on | :16:43. | :16:47. | |
that visit is he talked to patient, and he talked to relatives in that | :16:47. | :16:51. | |
area, who said how good the care was. A three-hour visit, two or | :16:51. | :16:55. | |
three wards, and said, he spoke to patient, who could not have been | :16:55. | :17:01. | |
more fulsome in their praise for the standard of care. So, he either | :17:01. | :17:04. | |
went and talk today completely the wrong people, or else he believed | :17:04. | :17:08. | |
that a three-hour visit to two wards was the right way of finding | :17:08. | :17:12. | |
out what was going on? What he was able to reflect it what was | :17:12. | :17:17. | |
happening in those areas. He wasn't ever doing a whole inspection, he | :17:17. | :17:21. | |
was visiting members and nurses. We are not an inspectorate as such, | :17:21. | :17:24. | |
The Royal College of Nursing, that is why at that time he saw some | :17:24. | :17:27. | |
good practice. Going back to the staffing issues, what we are | :17:27. | :17:30. | |
finding is at the moment we are finding that particularly in some | :17:30. | :17:33. | |
of those trusts we have heard about, they are still cutting nursing | :17:33. | :17:36. | |
standards. What do you make of this? I just want to say that I | :17:36. | :17:42. | |
know at the time we were in the throws of the investigation, -- | :17:42. | :17:50. | |
throes of the investigation, and I find it troubling that the RCN made | :17:50. | :17:53. | |
that comment when we were very aware of the nursing problems in | :17:53. | :17:59. | |
the Trust. I think the difficulty, of course, is, if it is a scheduled | :17:59. | :18:02. | |
visit, you will be shown the best. It is a bit like when royalty go | :18:02. | :18:10. | |
round. That is why I think visits don't do it. They must know that? | :18:10. | :18:16. | |
think it was unfortunate he was so fuldsome in his comments. On the | :18:16. | :18:19. | |
basis of what I have heard today I have heard lots of good stories, | :18:19. | :18:28. | |
but to come out so categorically was troubling. Especially as we | :18:28. | :18:31. | |
were outside with banners asking for the unnecessary deaths to stop. | :18:31. | :18:35. | |
When you hear the 290 recommendations, what feels like a | :18:35. | :18:39. | |
clean slate, does this sound like you can go forward? No, I think | :18:39. | :18:43. | |
when is the last time that anybody managed to install 290 | :18:43. | :18:46. | |
recommendations. I think what was said was very important. I think | :18:46. | :18:50. | |
the last two things of the five points were really important. We | :18:50. | :18:58. | |
need better leadership, we need better information. To me, it is | :18:58. | :19:02. | |
depressing in a way, we do have an amazing work force, people who are | :19:02. | :19:06. | |
really enthusiastic about it. Yet this thing happens again and again | :19:06. | :19:10. | |
and again. There's only one place for this to go, we are not leading | :19:10. | :19:14. | |
it in the way it needs to be led. The leadership is not up to the | :19:14. | :19:18. | |
mark. People are not enthusiastic enough. We need to treat that as | :19:18. | :19:21. | |
the central issue. But you are talking like a businessman now, | :19:21. | :19:26. | |
this is bigger than that. It is too huge, isn't it, to be able to say | :19:26. | :19:30. | |
fire the boss and get on with it? It is really not. You know, | :19:30. | :19:35. | |
management is not just about the bottom line. There are private | :19:35. | :19:38. | |
companies some private companies are well run, some badly run. | :19:38. | :19:41. | |
Management is about enthusing people to do what you want to | :19:41. | :19:46. | |
happen. That, in this organisation, I can get people excited about | :19:46. | :19:50. | |
making baked beans. This is something which is vital, it is at | :19:50. | :19:53. | |
the heart of everything that matters to us, and we don't have a | :19:53. | :20:00. | |
work force that is enthusiastic, that is excited, we are managing it | :20:00. | :20:03. | |
appallingly badly. How do you do this, a lot of the people are very | :20:03. | :20:08. | |
overworked, very underpaid, we know that. What I would like to say is, | :20:08. | :20:13. | |
this is a report that is extremely comprehensive, so it seems churlish | :20:13. | :20:17. | |
of me to say it. But I do think there is unfinished business. | :20:17. | :20:23. | |
Because I think there is an issue of accountability you know, in his | :20:23. | :20:27. | |
own report, Robert Francis says, an organisation's culture stems from | :20:27. | :20:30. | |
the quality of the leadership. Or the nature of its leadership. | :20:30. | :20:35. | |
are you talking about now? talking about the people at the | :20:35. | :20:38. | |
very top of the Department of Health. The system does not exist | :20:38. | :20:44. | |
in isolation. I'm sorry, you made that point earlier. The system is | :20:44. | :20:48. | |
led, reinforced, and maintained by key people. Are you talking about | :20:48. | :20:52. | |
David Nicholson, or the former Government, the Labour Government? | :20:52. | :20:57. | |
I'm talking particularly about David Nicholson, and the cadre of | :20:57. | :21:01. | |
similar people at the Department of Health. Robert Francis said no | :21:01. | :21:05. | |
evidence of bullying. I would take issue with that. Apart from the | :21:05. | :21:09. | |
fact that the Department of Health are hardly going to come forward | :21:09. | :21:13. | |
with trolleyloads of evidence. But if you look at the survey that the | :21:13. | :21:18. | |
HSJ published in November, only a couple of months ago, of 81 chief | :21:18. | :21:25. | |
executives, their headline was a "a culture of fear". Two fifths of | :21:25. | :21:28. | |
those chief executives said they didn't dare speak out. Where does | :21:28. | :21:32. | |
that culture come from. Do you think chief executives are scared | :21:32. | :21:36. | |
by their staff? Is it about targets? If you think, targets in | :21:36. | :21:43. | |
the round were a good thing. They achieved an awful lot within the | :21:43. | :21:47. | |
health service. Some were wrong, some measurements were wrong and | :21:47. | :21:50. | |
made people behave in a minor way wrongly in the round they achieved | :21:50. | :21:55. | |
an amazing thing. If anyone thigs politicians will solve this problem | :21:55. | :21:58. | |
for us, that the Department of Health will -- thinks that | :21:58. | :22:01. | |
politicians will solve this problem and the Department of Health will | :22:01. | :22:05. | |
solve the problem they have got it wrong. This is about the NHS and | :22:05. | :22:09. | |
having a leadership within the NHS that operates in a normal | :22:09. | :22:12. | |
management way. You wouldn't allow a burger chain to operate like this. | :22:13. | :22:16. | |
Do you have confidence in your leadership, we have analysed some | :22:16. | :22:20. | |
of the findings of Peter Carter's visit, can you say to members, | :22:20. | :22:25. | |
don't worry, this guy, still in charge of the RNC is still there? | :22:25. | :22:29. | |
We have really reflected since the first report, and the sort of work | :22:29. | :22:33. | |
the RCN has been doing is how to support members better who are | :22:33. | :22:36. | |
blowing the whistle. We have put in a special line, we are beefing in | :22:36. | :22:41. | |
what we do with stew wards, to support them. You are a watchdog | :22:41. | :22:45. | |
and a defender? We are not really a watchdog. What we are is a | :22:45. | :22:50. | |
membership organisation, who represent the nurses' voice, both | :22:50. | :22:54. | |
in a professional way, and as a trade union. What we have done is | :22:54. | :22:58. | |
picked up on some of those factors w what is preventing nurses from | :22:58. | :23:01. | |
doing a good job what are they telling us. There is a number of | :23:01. | :23:04. | |
things. The first one is having the right resources and the right staff. | :23:04. | :23:08. | |
The other is something you have been picking up, is having the | :23:08. | :23:12. | |
authority, as a clinician, to have that loadership. The quality of the | :23:12. | :23:18. | |
ward sister, not just one of the number, not one of three staff on | :23:18. | :23:20. | |
the ward, supervisory, supervising their staff w the authority to | :23:20. | :23:24. | |
change things when it is not right. Does this give you confidence now. | :23:24. | :23:28. | |
It sounds like you will have to carry on campaigning for quite a | :23:28. | :23:33. | |
lot longer? Not at all. It doesn't give me confidence. I'm contacted | :23:33. | :23:37. | |
every day by nurses too frightened to speak out. They have to put up | :23:37. | :23:40. | |
with it, unfortunately. They are working in terrible conditions | :23:40. | :23:44. | |
under certain circumstances. They will not whistle blow? That is | :23:44. | :23:50. | |
right, they have to get won it. Whistleblowers are tortured in the | :23:50. | :23:54. | |
NHS. Our studies say the same thing. One of the things we need to do is | :23:54. | :23:57. | |
how do we support and speak for those nurses when they don't feel | :23:57. | :24:01. | |
able to do it themselves. What about this idea of candour. This is | :24:01. | :24:06. | |
very interesting. To talk about statutory candour? I worry about | :24:06. | :24:10. | |
statutory. But there are bodies, The Royal College of Nursing, The | :24:10. | :24:14. | |
Royal College of Whatever, they are people who are involved in the | :24:14. | :24:18. | |
training and standards et. Centrally, you have to have an -- | :24:18. | :24:21. | |
et cetera. Centrally you have to have an ethos where people can | :24:21. | :24:24. | |
stand up and say this isn't right. That doesn't exist now within the | :24:24. | :24:28. | |
NHS. Until it does, this is always possible that this kind of thing | :24:28. | :24:33. | |
will happen again, always. Unless you have that ethos, this will not | :24:33. | :24:38. | |
correct theself. We are talking about hundreds of deaths here. What | :24:38. | :24:42. | |
does this mean in terms of the potential criminal prosecutions? | :24:42. | :24:46. | |
What I would say, is if these hundreds of deaths had happened in | :24:46. | :24:51. | |
a train accident, and we had found that things were rotten, as it were, | :24:51. | :24:54. | |
pardon the pun, from one end of the line to the other, do you think the | :24:54. | :24:59. | |
chief executive would still be in place. Why is this different? I do | :24:59. | :25:05. | |
not accept that the system existed in isolation. The tone of the | :25:05. | :25:10. | |
organisation was set from the top, if you have chief executives of | :25:10. | :25:14. | |
Trusts, they are not exactly shrinking violets. Saying they | :25:14. | :25:18. | |
exist in a culture of fear, there is only one place that culture of | :25:18. | :25:23. | |
fear comes from. Yet, the NHS is held in such high esteem, the | :25:23. | :25:27. | |
moment you actually try to revamp it, or shut down one hospital to | :25:27. | :25:31. | |
help another, we are all up in arms. We all have that sense? I know we | :25:31. | :25:34. | |
do. That is why you need strong leadership, some decisions are | :25:34. | :25:37. | |
difficult to take, some hospitals shouldn't be there. This is a | :25:38. | :25:41. | |
difficult things to organise, it requires brilliant management and | :25:41. | :25:46. | |
fantastic enthusiasm, but it can be done. Its not imable. It also | :25:46. | :25:50. | |
requires that honesty we are Impossible. It also requires | :25:50. | :25:56. | |
honesty we are talking about, and involving patients and staff and we | :25:56. | :26:00. | |
all work together and we have the same end in sight. And involve | :26:00. | :26:04. | |
people in the decisions makes more sense. Julie? I would like to add | :26:04. | :26:08. | |
we will be campaigning for accountability for the hundreds of | :26:08. | :26:11. | |
deaths at *Mid-Staffordshire Hospital, we are going nowhere, we | :26:11. | :26:18. | |
want accountability. We are looking for the resignation of Sir Peter, | :26:18. | :26:21. | |
sorry, David Nicholson and Peter Carter, and anybody else involved | :26:21. | :26:25. | |
in the cover up, that is what it was at the hospital, a cover up, | :26:25. | :26:30. | |
and never to work in public office again. | :26:30. | :26:36. | |
Still to come: Bringing dog owners to heel, with | :26:36. | :26:39. | |
plans to microchip every canine in England. And, what's the matter? | :26:39. | :26:49. | |
:26:49. | :26:53. | ||
Dark matter, what is it, and where Throughout the long and often dark | :26:53. | :26:56. | |
recession, one thing has puzzled economists, how on earth, when | :26:56. | :26:59. | |
growth is non-existent and we are on the verge of a triple-dip, the | :26:59. | :27:03. | |
jobs market continues to improve. Today a new set of figures may | :27:03. | :27:08. | |
begin to make some sense of T they know in the past four years, nearly | :27:08. | :27:14. | |
ten% more people, rather, are -- 10% more people are self-employed. | :27:14. | :27:19. | |
They include taxy drivers, construction workers, and T-shirt | :27:19. | :27:25. | |
printers, the vast majority are over 50. | :27:25. | :27:29. | |
A school for the wannabe mobile entrepeneur. If you want to be a | :27:29. | :27:33. | |
cab driver in London, this is where your journey starts. It is rather | :27:33. | :27:39. | |
more than a quick lap around the block. To pass the "knowledge", and | :27:39. | :27:43. | |
memorise all of the capital's countless streets takes at least | :27:43. | :27:47. | |
two-and-a-half years. 70% of those who sign up never quite make it. So | :27:47. | :27:52. | |
it's not easy, but it is definitely popular. This school is putting on | :27:52. | :27:56. | |
four-times as many introductory sessions now than it did a year ago. | :27:56. | :27:59. | |
In the last four years, the number of people working for themselves | :27:59. | :28:03. | |
has gone up by more than a third of a million, with 60% of that rise | :28:03. | :28:08. | |
happening in the last two years. By contrast, the number of people | :28:08. | :28:13. | |
working for someone else fell by almost half a million, between 2008 | :28:13. | :28:19. | |
and 2012. Taxi driving is my first time being | :28:19. | :28:21. | |
self-employed. The most popular business for those | :28:22. | :28:26. | |
switching to being self-employed is driving a taxi. Peter Alan trained | :28:26. | :28:31. | |
to be a cabbie four years ago. absolutely love being my own boss. | :28:31. | :28:35. | |
I would find it very difficult now to go and work for an employer | :28:35. | :28:39. | |
again. You know, it is my choice, if I decide I want to work hard, I | :28:39. | :28:45. | |
can work hard, I can earn a bit more. If I don't want to work. I | :28:45. | :28:49. | |
earn less. If I'm going on holiday I will earn a bit more before I go | :28:49. | :28:54. | |
away, because obviously if I don't work and I'm away on holiday, I | :28:54. | :28:59. | |
don't get paid. Those with a spot of entrepeneural zeal have run out | :28:59. | :29:03. | |
of better ideas and are not just leaping behind the wheel of a cab, | :29:03. | :29:07. | |
farming and building trade is popular. Much of the rise in self- | :29:07. | :29:12. | |
employment is due to people in their 50s or older setting up | :29:12. | :29:14. | |
businesses. On average, those working for themselves work longer | :29:14. | :29:19. | |
hours than the rest of us. Did today's figures help explain the | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
puzzle that has economists scratching their heads at the | :29:22. | :29:25. | |
moment. Economic growth has been stagnant for some time, yet | :29:25. | :29:29. | |
employment has been remarkably resilient. Are the self-employed | :29:29. | :29:35. | |
picking up the slack? It would be great if the increase in self- | :29:35. | :29:41. | |
employment meant that we were having more entrepeneurship in this | :29:41. | :29:46. | |
country. But that is very doubtful. What we have seen is the number of | :29:46. | :29:51. | |
people who are self-employed going up at the same time as the number | :29:51. | :29:56. | |
of people who are traditional employees has been coming down. | :29:56. | :30:00. | |
That suggests that what we are seeing is people who are turning to | :30:00. | :30:04. | |
running their own business as a last resort, because no-one else | :30:04. | :30:10. | |
will employ them. I think we should applaud their tenacity, grit and | :30:10. | :30:15. | |
determination. That is good news. If you delve beneath the surface, | :30:15. | :30:19. | |
these aren't your young high-tech whizzkids, they are predominant low | :30:19. | :30:24. | |
older people, working long hours, and doing it -- predominantly older | :30:24. | :30:29. | |
people, working long hours, and doing it in professions like cab | :30:29. | :30:37. | |
drivers, cap pentry and construction. For 26-year-old Jared | :30:37. | :30:42. | |
King, setting up in business and making illuminated T-shirts was an | :30:42. | :30:47. | |
he is kai. Firstly from homelessness and crime, with so | :30:47. | :30:53. | |
many of his friends in prison. It also offered him a better deal than | :30:53. | :30:58. | |
any other job. When I was looking at the time there was nothing I got | :30:58. | :31:08. | |
:31:08. | :31:08. | ||
drawn to. The positions I got only were a certain number of hours. I | :31:08. | :31:13. | |
thought if I want to have the lifestyle I want and set up an | :31:13. | :31:16. | |
example for others in the area, I needed to go the route of setting | :31:17. | :31:22. | |
up my own business. Back in the cabbie class, the hard slog of | :31:23. | :31:27. | |
entrepeneurship is about to get moving. Scooters are a taxi | :31:27. | :31:31. | |
driver's best friends, a quick way of committing all the streets to | :31:31. | :31:40. | |
memory. The question is whether this class of entre pent nurses is | :31:40. | :31:43. | |
a short-term solution to where the economy is, or a route to long-term | :31:43. | :31:47. | |
change. Joining me now is Fraser Nelson, | :31:47. | :31:53. | |
and Erika Watson, an entrepeneur who trains others to be | :31:53. | :31:58. | |
entrepeneural. Fraser, does this explain the | :31:59. | :32:04. | |
enigma of rising employment in a recession? It is part of it. The | :32:04. | :32:08. | |
single business reason is wages are going down which means we are | :32:08. | :32:12. | |
getting paid less, which more people are in jobs although not | :32:12. | :32:15. | |
particularly well-paying one. There is a shift towards part-time work. | :32:15. | :32:19. | |
But also self-employment is a major factor. It is not just the over 50s, | :32:19. | :32:25. | |
a third of the rise was from the over-65s. People we are used to | :32:25. | :32:30. | |
patient troising, the grey market, saying they are a burden on the | :32:30. | :32:34. | |
working people, they are -- patronising the grey market saying | :32:34. | :32:39. | |
they are a burden on working people. There is a reenergiseing on the | :32:39. | :32:44. | |
working lives and attitudes of people of pension age, and make | :32:44. | :32:48. | |
themselves consultants and doing great work. If we are talking about | :32:48. | :32:51. | |
a resourcefulness, we are always hearing about the productivity of | :32:51. | :32:57. | |
the Far East, a yet it is happening here in a very different way? | :32:57. | :33:00. | |
partly a cause for celebration, of course it is, you see on the video | :33:00. | :33:05. | |
there, there are people who are really thriving, very positive and | :33:05. | :33:08. | |
making of their life and in control of what they do. There are two | :33:08. | :33:13. | |
sides to this. I think if you have the infrastructure in place to | :33:13. | :33:17. | |
really support those people, to make the best of this opportunity, | :33:17. | :33:22. | |
it is a massive cause for celebration. The fact is, this is a | :33:22. | :33:25. | |
massive labour market shift. There is a needs for skills support for | :33:25. | :33:29. | |
those groups. There is a need for a solid safety net. If you are | :33:29. | :33:32. | |
shifting the way that we deal with risk in the economy and in society, | :33:32. | :33:36. | |
you need to change the way that you deal with safety nets too, to | :33:36. | :33:42. | |
enable transition. But they are going up. That's the blunt fact, | :33:42. | :33:47. | |
there are more people who prefer to work on their own? Some people | :33:47. | :33:51. | |
prefer, some people don't have an option, that is the reality. | :33:51. | :33:55. | |
can argue that people who work on their own aren't as productive as | :33:55. | :33:59. | |
employee, this explains why the economic output isn't going up as | :33:59. | :34:03. | |
much as the jobs figures, that is one of the economists' many | :34:03. | :34:06. | |
theories for this. These changes were happening before the recession. | :34:06. | :34:09. | |
For the last ten years self- employment has been going up. The | :34:10. | :34:14. | |
nature of work has changed. People now can choose, to an extent that | :34:14. | :34:18. | |
they have never done before. This is an interesting thing, is it | :34:18. | :34:23. | |
choice or is it the desperation, really. Is it people saying, | :34:23. | :34:27. | |
culturally I know I will be working longer, I want to be more in charge | :34:27. | :34:31. | |
of what I do. Or is it people who literally can't find work and have | :34:31. | :34:35. | |
to make do? There is a mixture of both. Lots of people will be | :34:35. | :34:39. | |
working part-time or self-employed w who are desperate to get back for | :34:39. | :34:41. | |
the security that a company employment brings. But really this | :34:41. | :34:47. | |
was happening back, the shift we have just seen is last seen in ten | :34:47. | :34:50. | |
years, with a huge increase in self-employment, that was in the | :34:51. | :34:53. | |
middle of the boom years. I think Britain is changing the way it | :34:53. | :34:58. | |
likes to work. Can I just say, the last time we have seen this kind, | :34:58. | :35:02. | |
well we haven't seen anything as extreme as this, the uplift is | :35:02. | :35:07. | |
massive, particularly for women, where there has been a 20% increase | :35:07. | :35:13. | |
in self-employment during this period. Why is that? Initially it | :35:13. | :35:16. | |
was because of the disproportionate numbers of women who were having | :35:16. | :35:19. | |
redundancies. There is a huge cultural issue here. You were | :35:19. | :35:22. | |
having people coming are from the public sector to the sharpest end | :35:22. | :35:26. | |
of the private sector. You are having women coming into a sector | :35:26. | :35:31. | |
where before only 27% of the self- employed were women previously, and | :35:31. | :35:36. | |
we know that women really appreciate value and benefit from | :35:36. | :35:39. | |
skills support when they make that kind of transition. And you know | :35:39. | :35:43. | |
what, the last time we had these changes, we had a skills strategy | :35:43. | :35:46. | |
for them, now we are over to laissez faire, people are left to | :35:46. | :35:50. | |
do it on their own. This wasn't exactly the Government's plan, when | :35:50. | :35:53. | |
they talked about cutting back on public sector and letting the | :35:53. | :35:56. | |
private sector take over. They didn't literally mean sending | :35:56. | :35:59. | |
people out on their own without any help? They are not sending anybody | :35:59. | :36:03. | |
out. These people are making their own luck and fortune. When the | :36:03. | :36:06. | |
Government does do a shift away from the public sector, nobody | :36:06. | :36:09. | |
knows for sure what direction the economy will take. It is a vote of | :36:09. | :36:13. | |
confidence, it is a vote of faith, really, in the British people. If | :36:13. | :36:16. | |
you make it easier to set up companies, you hope people will do, | :36:16. | :36:20. | |
and do you know what, they are. I just say, a vote of confidence, | :36:20. | :36:25. | |
at the moment we have 33,000 invested through the Regional | :36:25. | :36:30. | |
Growth Fund, and employees in large firms. The amounts invested in | :36:30. | :36:35. | |
these new small businesses, last time I looked was less than �400. | :36:35. | :36:38. | |
The Government isn't the source of economic growth. Regional | :36:38. | :36:41. | |
development fund is not very effective. If the new jobs have | :36:42. | :36:45. | |
been self-employed people, 85%, what support are they getting to | :36:45. | :36:48. | |
make sure that they are the employers and the success stories | :36:48. | :36:52. | |
in the future. They could be. I would like to see them be. We will | :36:52. | :36:56. | |
return to this one and see if the trend stays with us. Thank you very | :36:56. | :36:58. | |
much indeed. Last year nearly 7,000 stray dogs | :36:59. | :37:03. | |
were put down, many of them ones that might have been reunited with | :37:03. | :37:08. | |
their owners, if they had been found and identified. The mandatory | :37:08. | :37:12. | |
microchipping of dogs in England will be brought into effect in | :37:12. | :37:16. | |
three years time. Will it solve the problem and cut down the tax- | :37:16. | :37:26. | |
:37:26. | :37:26. | ||
payers' money spent on strays. # Dogs of the world unitele -- | :37:26. | :37:31. | |
unite. Meet Seal, she's a little lost dog. Not so little. Nobody | :37:31. | :37:37. | |
knows anything more about her. Even her name was dreamt up here at | :37:37. | :37:41. | |
Battersea Dogs Home, where staff think she looks a little bit like a | :37:41. | :37:45. | |
seal. There is one way to find out more. A scanner reads a microchip | :37:45. | :37:51. | |
buried in Seal's neck. It doesn't come up with anything as satisfying | :37:51. | :37:56. | |
as her name. But it should help her find her real home. You might ask | :37:56. | :38:00. | |
yourself, how would a chip have found itself into the dog in the | :38:00. | :38:04. | |
first place. That is the size of the chip, little more than the size | :38:04. | :38:08. | |
of the grain of rice. This is the implanter we use to put it in. This | :38:08. | :38:12. | |
is a little bit bigger than you would want in a vaccination. It is | :38:12. | :38:18. | |
bigger than I would want. For the dog it is no more painful. | :38:18. | :38:20. | |
Getting back home again could be harder for some of Seal's | :38:21. | :38:30. | |
:38:31. | :38:32. | ||
neighbours. Amber is aged 3-5, a bull mastiff, she wasn't chipped | :38:32. | :38:37. | |
when she was handed in four months ago. Amber was found covered in | :38:37. | :38:41. | |
blood, with wound to her head. Staff at Battersea think she was | :38:41. | :38:45. | |
used as a fighting dog. They haven't been able to trace her | :38:45. | :38:51. | |
owner. This is Rufus, he's aged 6- 12 month, he's a mongrel cross, | :38:51. | :38:56. | |
found last week. He wasn't microchip. And here is Captain | :38:57. | :39:01. | |
Socks, aged 2-3 years old, a Staffordshire bull terrier, a scan | :39:01. | :39:06. | |
showed he did have a microchip. But the owner said the dog was now with | :39:06. | :39:10. | |
new people, the chip was out of date. Isn't it likely that the dogs | :39:10. | :39:14. | |
we would most like to see chipped, won't be. Their owners won't do it. | :39:15. | :39:18. | |
I think most people will get their dogs chipped, because they will see | :39:18. | :39:22. | |
the benefit of doing it. But it does rely very much on enforcement. | :39:22. | :39:26. | |
It relies on dog wardens, on the police, on vets actually helping | :39:26. | :39:31. | |
all of us to make this a much safer place for people to walk in public | :39:31. | :39:34. | |
spaces where there are animals, and also to know that responsible, or | :39:34. | :39:42. | |
even irresponsible owners are held to account should dogs go straying. | :39:42. | :39:48. | |
It is thought 58% of the UK's eight million dogs have already been | :39:48. | :39:55. | |
microchipped, a survey by the Dogs Trust suggested nearly 119,000 | :39:55. | :39:58. | |
strays were taken in by local authorities last year. Nearly half | :39:58. | :40:05. | |
of them were reunited with their owner, almost 7,000 had to be put | :40:05. | :40:10. | |
to sleep. Dawn hasn't seen her dog, angel, since December, she has | :40:10. | :40:13. | |
remortgaged her house to put up a reward to find her. Everybody | :40:13. | :40:17. | |
thinks it was a big decision, it wasn't. My aim is for my dog to | :40:17. | :40:23. | |
come home to me. Remortgaging my house is something I can do to be | :40:23. | :40:27. | |
able to finance that. It's not an hard decision to do. She's a member | :40:27. | :40:37. | |
:40:37. | :40:38. | ||
of my family, I want her back home. You are probably wondering what | :40:38. | :40:42. | |
they are doing about this in the rest of the UK. Well a Scottish | :40:43. | :40:46. | |
Parliament has yet to pass legislation on dog chipping, but | :40:46. | :40:50. | |
Wales is expected to follow England, and the scheme is already well | :40:50. | :40:56. | |
established in Northern Ireland. 95% of the dogs we pick up straying | :40:56. | :41:00. | |
are returned directly to their owner within a matter of hours. | :41:00. | :41:05. | |
Only last night 10.25, I picked a stray dog up, within five minutes | :41:05. | :41:11. | |
it was back with its owner, all as a result of microchipping. If | :41:11. | :41:15. | |
compulsory microchipping reduce the theft of dogs and their unnecessary | :41:15. | :41:18. | |
destruction n some case, then many pet lovers would probably say it | :41:19. | :41:28. | |
:41:29. | :41:32. | ||
was a fair low, and not rough! Before the end of the programme we | :41:32. | :41:36. | |
will have tomorrow's front pages. First we want to talk about 80% of | :41:36. | :41:39. | |
the universe about which we know very little. We have about three | :41:39. | :41:44. | |
minutes in which to do it. Deep under an Italian mountain in a | :41:44. | :41:48. | |
subterranean laboratory, scientists have begun work to shed light on | :41:48. | :41:52. | |
Darkside. One person who has an idea -- dark matter, one person who | :41:52. | :41:58. | |
has more idea is the quantum cyst tis, Michael Brooks. This is a | :41:58. | :42:02. | |
Newsnight -- physicist, Michael Brooks. This is a Newsnight | :42:02. | :42:06. | |
exclusive, looking like Blue Peter at the moment. If you imagine these | :42:06. | :42:09. | |
ball bearings are clusters of galaxies and moving around in ways | :42:09. | :42:13. | |
you expect. Suddenly you can introduce a different kind of force | :42:13. | :42:16. | |
and they clump together and don't move how you think they should move. | :42:16. | :42:22. | |
That is what we are seeing in outer space. We are seeing that galaxies | :42:22. | :42:26. | |
and galaxy clusters are pulled by something, it is not a magnetic | :42:26. | :42:30. | |
force, it seems gravitational. matter is the force? This is why we | :42:30. | :42:35. | |
believe that 24% of the universe is made of dark matter. Because we see | :42:35. | :42:41. | |
things moving strangely out in outer space. How convinced are they | :42:41. | :42:47. | |
that is what it is? That sound total low rational, it is a sort of | :42:47. | :42:52. | |
magnetic -- totally rational, it is a magnetic force? It is a | :42:52. | :42:56. | |
gravitational force. This is something that has mass and exerts | :42:56. | :43:05. | |
gravity on the space and makes things clump together. Scientists | :43:05. | :43:09. | |
are convinced it is out there, we knew it was out there in 1933, and | :43:09. | :43:14. | |
spent ages of time looking for it and haven't been able to find it. | :43:14. | :43:16. | |
We go deep under the ground to isolate the experiments from | :43:16. | :43:21. | |
everything else. It is like trying to hear the sound of a pin drop | :43:21. | :43:25. | |
standing in Piccadilly Circus, it is ridiculous lie difficult. You | :43:26. | :43:30. | |
isolate yourself from cosmic rays and all sorts of distraction, and | :43:30. | :43:32. | |
hope dark matter will hit your equipment and set off a spark of | :43:32. | :43:36. | |
light and then you have seen it. It is a very difficult thing to do and | :43:36. | :43:39. | |
we are struggling to find any. is one of the awkward questions a | :43:39. | :43:43. | |
lay person asks, would it make a difference to how we live or to how | :43:43. | :43:48. | |
we see the universe? For a start, it would tell us what 24% of the | :43:48. | :43:52. | |
youfrs is. Which is answering a big question about what the universe is | :43:52. | :43:56. | |
made of. When we know what these particles are, we have no clue what | :43:56. | :44:01. | |
they are like or what they do, we know they don't reflect light or | :44:01. | :44:05. | |
radiate anything. We can only detect them vie ca their gravity F | :44:05. | :44:10. | |
we knew -- via their gravity f we knew something more about them, | :44:10. | :44:14. | |
they might be useful in the future. It is filling in the holes and the | :44:14. | :44:18. | |
lack of knowledge? It is one of the fundamental questions bothering | :44:18. | :44:22. | |
scientists for 80 years. Are you involved in this at all? I'm not. | :44:22. | :44:25. | |
In some ways I'm glad, working in the deep underground laboratories, | :44:25. | :44:29. | |
some scientists are working in mines that are a mile under the | :44:29. | :44:34. | |
earth surface. It is quite hard work, I think. Is it like the God | :44:34. | :44:39. | |
particle search? It is similar, in that actually we may see it at the | :44:39. | :44:48. | |
NHC, the large had dron collider in CERN, they are hoping to do the | :44:48. | :44:52. | |
same with dark matter. It may be the detector in Italy finds it or | :44:52. | :44:57. | |
in the large hadron collider, we don't know. You may have to come | :44:57. | :45:03. | |
back with the magnets if we hear of the talk of life underground. Let's | :45:03. | :45:13. | |
:45:13. | :45:13. | ||
Apology for the loss of subtitles for 41 seconds | :45:13. | :45:54. | |
That's all for tonight, from all of That's all for tonight, from all of | :45:54. | :46:04. | |
:46:04. | :46:29. | ||
The coldest night of the week so far, a widespread frost, a covering | :46:29. | :46:33. | |
of snow in part of Norfolk and Suffolk. Elsewhere largely dry, | :46:33. | :46:36. | |
sunshine around. Temperatures at or below freezing across northern | :46:36. | :46:40. | |
England and the Midlands. Still a few of these sleet and snow showers | :46:40. | :46:44. | |
clicking the north of Suffolk. They will ease away. The important thing | :46:44. | :46:48. | |
is the wind is not as strong as it has been today. We look to the west, | :46:48. | :46:51. | |
still breezy in places, plenty of destroy weather around here. There | :46:51. | :46:55. | |
will be high cloud increasing ahe had had of a weather system coming | :46:55. | :47:00. | |
in from the lant -- ahead of the weather system coming in from the | :47:00. | :47:03. | |
Atlantic. In the North West Midland icey patches. For Northern Ireland | :47:03. | :47:08. | |
the cloud is thickening, as you can see rain not too far away. | :47:08. | :47:11. | |
Increasing cloud in western and northern Scotland, still wintery | :47:11. | :47:15. | |
showers and icey patches here to contend W on through the rest of | :47:15. | :47:18. | |
the day, the cloud will increase. Many of us, down the eastern side, | :47:18. | :47:23. | |
get away with a dry day. To the west we will see the weathercy them | :47:23. | :47:27. | |
coming through with the rain, and despite theed lead -- weather | :47:27. | :47:34. | |
system coming through with the rain. This weather system with some | :47:34. | :47:38. |